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Diffstat (limited to 'qemu-doc.texi')
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diff --git a/qemu-doc.texi b/qemu-doc.texi index f37fd31..023c140 100644 --- a/qemu-doc.texi +++ b/qemu-doc.texi @@ -32,11 +32,10 @@ @menu * Introduction:: -* Installation:: * QEMU PC System emulator:: * QEMU System emulator for non PC targets:: * QEMU User space emulator:: -* compilation:: Compilation from the sources +* Implementation notes:: * License:: * Index:: @end menu @@ -57,98 +56,69 @@ QEMU is a FAST! processor emulator using dynamic translation to achieve good emulation speed. +@cindex operating modes QEMU has two operating modes: @itemize -@cindex operating modes - -@item @cindex system emulation -Full system emulation. In this mode, QEMU emulates a full system (for +@item Full system emulation. In this mode, QEMU emulates a full system (for example a PC), including one or several processors and various peripherals. It can be used to launch different Operating Systems without rebooting the PC or to debug system code. -@item @cindex user mode emulation -User mode emulation. In this mode, QEMU can launch +@item User mode emulation. In this mode, QEMU can launch processes compiled for one CPU on another CPU. It can be used to launch the Wine Windows API emulator (@url{http://www.winehq.org}) or to ease cross-compilation and cross-debugging. @end itemize -QEMU can run without a host kernel driver and yet gives acceptable -performance. +QEMU has the following features: -For system emulation, the following hardware targets are supported: @itemize -@cindex emulated target systems -@cindex supported target systems -@item PC (x86 or x86_64 processor) -@item ISA PC (old style PC without PCI bus) -@item PREP (PowerPC processor) -@item G3 Beige PowerMac (PowerPC processor) -@item Mac99 PowerMac (PowerPC processor, in progress) -@item Sun4m/Sun4c/Sun4d (32-bit Sparc processor) -@item Sun4u/Sun4v (64-bit Sparc processor, in progress) -@item Malta board (32-bit and 64-bit MIPS processors) -@item MIPS Magnum (64-bit MIPS processor) -@item ARM Integrator/CP (ARM) -@item ARM Versatile baseboard (ARM) -@item ARM RealView Emulation/Platform baseboard (ARM) -@item Spitz, Akita, Borzoi, Terrier and Tosa PDAs (PXA270 processor) -@item Luminary Micro LM3S811EVB (ARM Cortex-M3) -@item Luminary Micro LM3S6965EVB (ARM Cortex-M3) -@item Freescale MCF5208EVB (ColdFire V2). -@item Arnewsh MCF5206 evaluation board (ColdFire V2). -@item Palm Tungsten|E PDA (OMAP310 processor) -@item N800 and N810 tablets (OMAP2420 processor) -@item MusicPal (MV88W8618 ARM processor) -@item Gumstix "Connex" and "Verdex" motherboards (PXA255/270). -@item Siemens SX1 smartphone (OMAP310 processor) -@item AXIS-Devboard88 (CRISv32 ETRAX-FS). -@item Petalogix Spartan 3aDSP1800 MMU ref design (MicroBlaze). -@item Avnet LX60/LX110/LX200 boards (Xtensa) -@end itemize +@item QEMU can run without a host kernel driver and yet gives acceptable +performance. It uses dynamic translation to native code for reasonable speed, +with support for self-modifying code and precise exceptions. -@cindex supported user mode targets -For user emulation, x86 (32 and 64 bit), PowerPC (32 and 64 bit), -ARM, MIPS (32 bit only), Sparc (32 and 64 bit), -Alpha, ColdFire(m68k), CRISv32 and MicroBlaze CPUs are supported. +@item It is portable to several operating systems (GNU/Linux, *BSD, Mac OS X, +Windows) and architectures. -@node Installation -@chapter Installation +@item It performs accurate software emulation of the FPU. +@end itemize -If you want to compile QEMU yourself, see @ref{compilation}. +QEMU user mode emulation has the following features: +@itemize +@item Generic Linux system call converter, including most ioctls. -@menu -* install_linux:: Linux -* install_windows:: Windows -* install_mac:: Macintosh -@end menu +@item clone() emulation using native CPU clone() to use Linux scheduler for threads. -@node install_linux -@section Linux -@cindex installation (Linux) +@item Accurate signal handling by remapping host signals to target signals. +@end itemize + +QEMU full system emulation has the following features: +@itemize +@item +QEMU uses a full software MMU for maximum portability. -If a precompiled package is available for your distribution - you just -have to install it. Otherwise, see @ref{compilation}. +@item +QEMU can optionally use an in-kernel accelerator, like kvm. The accelerators +execute most of the guest code natively, while +continuing to emulate the rest of the machine. -@node install_windows -@section Windows -@cindex installation (Windows) +@item +Various hardware devices can be emulated and in some cases, host +devices (e.g. serial and parallel ports, USB, drives) can be used +transparently by the guest Operating System. Host device passthrough +can be used for talking to external physical peripherals (e.g. a +webcam, modem or tape drive). -Download the experimental binary installer at -@url{http://www.free.oszoo.org/@/download.html}. -TODO (no longer available) +@item +Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) support. Currently, an in-kernel +accelerator is required to use more than one host CPU for emulation. -@node install_mac -@section Mac OS X +@end itemize -Download the experimental binary installer at -@url{http://www.free.oszoo.org/@/download.html}. -TODO (no longer available) @node QEMU PC System emulator @chapter QEMU PC System emulator @@ -2660,6 +2630,7 @@ so should only be used with trusted guest OS. @menu * Supported Operating Systems :: +* Features:: * Linux User space emulator:: * BSD User space emulator :: @end menu @@ -2676,6 +2647,39 @@ Linux (referred as qemu-linux-user) BSD (referred as qemu-bsd-user) @end itemize +@node Features +@section Features + +QEMU user space emulation has the following notable features: + +@table @strong +@item System call translation: +QEMU includes a generic system call translator. This means that +the parameters of the system calls can be converted to fix +endianness and 32/64-bit mismatches between hosts and targets. +IOCTLs can be converted too. + +@item POSIX signal handling: +QEMU can redirect to the running program all signals coming from +the host (such as @code{SIGALRM}), as well as synthesize signals from +virtual CPU exceptions (for example @code{SIGFPE} when the program +executes a division by zero). + +QEMU relies on the host kernel to emulate most signal system +calls, for example to emulate the signal mask. On Linux, QEMU +supports both normal and real-time signals. + +@item Threading: +On Linux, QEMU can emulate the @code{clone} syscall and create a real +host thread (with a separate virtual CPU) for each emulated thread. +Note that not all targets currently emulate atomic operations correctly. +x86 and ARM use a global lock in order to preserve their semantics. +@end table + +QEMU was conceived so that ultimately it can emulate itself. Although +it is not very useful, it is an important test to show the power of the +emulator. + @node Linux User space emulator @section Linux User space emulator @@ -2945,220 +2949,8 @@ Act as if the host page size was 'pagesize' bytes Run the emulation in single step mode. @end table -@node compilation -@chapter Compilation from the sources - -@menu -* Linux/Unix:: -* Windows:: -* Cross compilation for Windows with Linux:: -* Mac OS X:: -* Make targets:: -@end menu - -@node Linux/Unix -@section Linux/Unix - -@subsection Compilation - -First you must decompress the sources: -@example -cd /tmp -tar zxvf qemu-x.y.z.tar.gz -cd qemu-x.y.z -@end example - -Then you configure QEMU and build it (usually no options are needed): -@example -./configure -make -@end example - -Then type as root user: -@example -make install -@end example -to install QEMU in @file{/usr/local}. - -@node Windows -@section Windows - -@itemize -@item Install the current versions of MSYS and MinGW from -@url{http://www.mingw.org/}. You can find detailed installation -instructions in the download section and the FAQ. - -@item Download -the MinGW development library of SDL 1.2.x -(@file{SDL-devel-1.2.x-@/mingw32.tar.gz}) from -@url{http://www.libsdl.org}. Unpack it in a temporary place and -edit the @file{sdl-config} script so that it gives the -correct SDL directory when invoked. - -@item Install the MinGW version of zlib and make sure -@file{zlib.h} and @file{libz.dll.a} are in -MinGW's default header and linker search paths. - -@item Extract the current version of QEMU. - -@item Start the MSYS shell (file @file{msys.bat}). - -@item Change to the QEMU directory. Launch @file{./configure} and -@file{make}. If you have problems using SDL, verify that -@file{sdl-config} can be launched from the MSYS command line. - -@item You can install QEMU in @file{Program Files/QEMU} by typing -@file{make install}. Don't forget to copy @file{SDL.dll} in -@file{Program Files/QEMU}. - -@end itemize - -@node Cross compilation for Windows with Linux -@section Cross compilation for Windows with Linux - -@itemize -@item -Install the MinGW cross compilation tools available at -@url{http://www.mingw.org/}. - -@item Download -the MinGW development library of SDL 1.2.x -(@file{SDL-devel-1.2.x-@/mingw32.tar.gz}) from -@url{http://www.libsdl.org}. Unpack it in a temporary place and -edit the @file{sdl-config} script so that it gives the -correct SDL directory when invoked. Set up the @code{PATH} environment -variable so that @file{sdl-config} can be launched by -the QEMU configuration script. - -@item Install the MinGW version of zlib and make sure -@file{zlib.h} and @file{libz.dll.a} are in -MinGW's default header and linker search paths. - -@item -Configure QEMU for Windows cross compilation: -@example -PATH=/usr/i686-pc-mingw32/sys-root/mingw/bin:$PATH ./configure --cross-prefix='i686-pc-mingw32-' -@end example -The example assumes @file{sdl-config} is installed under @file{/usr/i686-pc-mingw32/sys-root/mingw/bin} and -MinGW cross compilation tools have names like @file{i686-pc-mingw32-gcc} and @file{i686-pc-mingw32-strip}. -We set the @code{PATH} environment variable to ensure the MinGW version of @file{sdl-config} is used and -use --cross-prefix to specify the name of the cross compiler. -You can also use --prefix to set the Win32 install path which defaults to @file{c:/Program Files/QEMU}. - -Under Fedora Linux, you can run: -@example -yum -y install mingw32-gcc mingw32-SDL mingw32-zlib -@end example -to get a suitable cross compilation environment. - -@item You can install QEMU in the installation directory by typing -@code{make install}. Don't forget to copy @file{SDL.dll} and @file{zlib1.dll} into the -installation directory. - -@end itemize - -Wine can be used to launch the resulting qemu-system-i386.exe -and all other qemu-system-@var{target}.exe compiled for Win32. - -@node Mac OS X -@section Mac OS X - -System Requirements: -@itemize -@item Mac OS 10.5 or higher -@item The clang compiler shipped with Xcode 4.2 or higher, -or GCC 4.3 or higher -@end itemize - -Additional Requirements (install in order): -@enumerate -@item libffi: @uref{https://sourceware.org/libffi/} -@item gettext: @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/} -@item glib: @uref{http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/glib/} -@item pkg-config: @uref{http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config/} -@item autoconf: @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/autoconf.html} -@item automake: @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/automake/} -@item pixman: @uref{http://www.pixman.org/} -@end enumerate - -* You may find it easiest to get these from a third-party packager -such as Homebrew, Macports, or Fink. - -After downloading the QEMU source code, double-click it to expand it. - -Then configure and make QEMU: -@example -./configure -make -@end example - -If you have a recent version of Mac OS X (OSX 10.7 or better -with Xcode 4.2 or better) we recommend building QEMU with the -default compiler provided by Apple, for your version of Mac OS X -(which will be 'clang'). The configure script will -automatically pick this. -Note: If after the configure step you see a message like this: -@example -ERROR: Your compiler does not support the __thread specifier for - Thread-Local Storage (TLS). Please upgrade to a version that does. -@end example -you may have to build your own version of gcc from source. Expect that to take -several hours. More information can be found here: -@uref{https://gcc.gnu.org/install/} @* - -These are some of the third party binaries of gcc available for download: -@itemize -@item Homebrew: @uref{http://brew.sh/} -@item @uref{https://www.litebeam.net/gcc/gcc_472.pkg} -@item @uref{http://www.macports.org/ports.php?by=name&substr=gcc} -@end itemize - -You can have several versions of GCC on your system. To specify a certain version, -use the --cc and --cxx options. -@example -./configure --cxx=<path of your c++ compiler> --cc=<path of your c compiler> <other options> -@end example - -@node Make targets -@section Make targets - -@table @code - -@item make -@item make all -Make everything which is typically needed. - -@item install -TODO - -@item install-doc -TODO - -@item make clean -Remove most files which were built during make. - -@item make distclean -Remove everything which was built during make. - -@item make dvi -@item make html -@item make info -@item make pdf -Create documentation in dvi, html, info or pdf format. - -@item make cscope -TODO - -@item make defconfig -(Re-)create some build configuration files. -User made changes will be overwritten. - -@item tar -@item tarbin -TODO - -@end table +@include qemu-tech.texi @node License @appendix License |