24 files changed, 271 insertions, 419 deletions

diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
index 2e3905c..c11385a 100644
--- a/block.c
+++ b/block.c
@@ -2982,7 +2982,6 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_open_child(const char *filename,
 BlockDriverState *bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(BlockdevRef *ref, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
-    Error *local_err = NULL;
     QObject *obj = NULL;
     QDict *qdict = NULL;
     const char *reference = NULL;
@@ -2995,11 +2994,7 @@ BlockDriverState *bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(BlockdevRef *ref, Error **errp)
         assert(ref->type == QTYPE_QDICT);
 
         v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
-        visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &options, &local_err);
-        if (local_err) {
-            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-            goto fail;
-        }
+        visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &options, &error_abort);
         visit_complete(v, &obj);
 
         qdict = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
@@ -3017,8 +3012,6 @@ BlockDriverState *bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(BlockdevRef *ref, Error **errp)
 
     bs = bdrv_open_inherit(NULL, reference, qdict, 0, NULL, NULL, errp);
     obj = NULL;
-
-fail:
     qobject_unref(obj);
     visit_free(v);
     return bs;
diff --git a/block/sheepdog.c b/block/sheepdog.c
index 59f7ebb..5f3aead 100644
--- a/block/sheepdog.c
+++ b/block/sheepdog.c
@@ -1854,19 +1854,12 @@ static int sd_create_prealloc(BlockdevOptionsSheepdog *location, int64_t size,
     Visitor *v;
     QObject *obj = NULL;
     QDict *qdict;
-    Error *local_err = NULL;
     int ret;
 
     v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
-    visit_type_BlockdevOptionsSheepdog(v, NULL, &location, &local_err);
+    visit_type_BlockdevOptionsSheepdog(v, NULL, &location, &error_abort);
     visit_free(v);
 
-    if (local_err) {
-        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        qobject_unref(obj);
-        return -EINVAL;
-    }
-
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
     qdict_flatten(qdict);
 
diff --git a/blockdev.c b/blockdev.c
index 5faddaa..9da960b 100644
--- a/blockdev.c
+++ b/blockdev.c
@@ -3725,14 +3725,8 @@ void qmp_blockdev_add(BlockdevOptions *options, Error **errp)
     QObject *obj;
     Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
     QDict *qdict;
-    Error *local_err = NULL;
-
-    visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &options, &local_err);
-    if (local_err) {
-        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        goto fail;
-    }
 
+    visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &options, &error_abort);
     visit_complete(v, &obj);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
 
@@ -3760,7 +3754,6 @@ void qmp_x_blockdev_reopen(BlockdevOptions *options, Error **errp)
     AioContext *ctx;
     QObject *obj;
     Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
-    Error *local_err = NULL;
     BlockReopenQueue *queue;
     QDict *qdict;
 
@@ -3777,12 +3770,7 @@ void qmp_x_blockdev_reopen(BlockdevOptions *options, Error **errp)
     }
 
     /* Put all options in a QDict and flatten it */
-    visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &options, &local_err);
-    if (local_err) {
-        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        goto fail;
-    }
-
+    visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &options, &error_abort);
     visit_complete(v, &obj);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
 
diff --git a/docs/devel/qapi-code-gen.txt b/docs/devel/qapi-code-gen.txt
index 1967adf..a7794ef 100644
--- a/docs/devel/qapi-code-gen.txt
+++ b/docs/devel/qapi-code-gen.txt
@@ -1446,6 +1446,8 @@ Example:
             goto out;
         }
         if (!*obj) {
+            /* incomplete */
+            assert(visit_is_dealloc(v));
             goto out_obj;
         }
         visit_type_UserDefOne_members(v, *obj, &err);
@@ -1577,8 +1579,8 @@ Example:
     void qmp_marshal_my_command(QDict *args, QObject **ret, Error **errp)
     {
         Error *err = NULL;
-        UserDefOne *retval;
         Visitor *v;
+        UserDefOne *retval;
         q_obj_my_command_arg arg = {0};
 
         v = qobject_input_visitor_new(QOBJECT(args));
diff --git a/hw/core/machine-hmp-cmds.c b/hw/core/machine-hmp-cmds.c
index b76f722..39999c4 100644
--- a/hw/core/machine-hmp-cmds.c
+++ b/hw/core/machine-hmp-cmds.c
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ void hmp_info_memdev(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 
     while (m) {
         v = string_output_visitor_new(false, &str);
-        visit_type_uint16List(v, NULL, &m->value->host_nodes, NULL);
+        visit_type_uint16List(v, NULL, &m->value->host_nodes, &error_abort);
         monitor_printf(mon, "memory backend: %s\n", m->value->id);
         monitor_printf(mon, "  size:  %" PRId64 "\n", m->value->size);
         monitor_printf(mon, "  merge: %s\n",
diff --git a/include/qapi/qmp/qdict.h b/include/qapi/qmp/qdict.h
index 7f3ec10..da94234 100644
--- a/include/qapi/qmp/qdict.h
+++ b/include/qapi/qmp/qdict.h
@@ -40,9 +40,6 @@ void qdict_del(QDict *qdict, const char *key);
 int qdict_haskey(const QDict *qdict, const char *key);
 QObject *qdict_get(const QDict *qdict, const char *key);
 bool qdict_is_equal(const QObject *x, const QObject *y);
-void qdict_iter(const QDict *qdict,
-                void (*iter)(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque),
-                void *opaque);
 const QDictEntry *qdict_first(const QDict *qdict);
 const QDictEntry *qdict_next(const QDict *qdict, const QDictEntry *entry);
 void qdict_destroy_obj(QObject *obj);
diff --git a/include/qapi/qmp/qlist.h b/include/qapi/qmp/qlist.h
index 8d2c32c..595b794 100644
--- a/include/qapi/qmp/qlist.h
+++ b/include/qapi/qmp/qlist.h
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ void qlist_append_int(QList *qlist, int64_t value);
 void qlist_append_null(QList *qlist);
 void qlist_append_str(QList *qlist, const char *value);
 
-#define QLIST_FOREACH_ENTRY(qlist, var)             \
-        for ((var) = ((qlist)->head.tqh_first);     \
-            (var);                                  \
-            (var) = ((var)->next.tqe_next))
+#define QLIST_FOREACH_ENTRY(qlist, var)                 \
+        for ((var) = QTAILQ_FIRST(&(qlist)->head);      \
+             (var);                                     \
+             (var) = QTAILQ_NEXT((var), next))
 
 static inline QObject *qlist_entry_obj(const QListEntry *entry)
 {
@@ -47,8 +47,6 @@ static inline QObject *qlist_entry_obj(const QListEntry *entry)
 QList *qlist_new(void);
 QList *qlist_copy(QList *src);
 void qlist_append_obj(QList *qlist, QObject *obj);
-void qlist_iter(const QList *qlist,
-                void (*iter)(QObject *obj, void *opaque), void *opaque);
 QObject *qlist_pop(QList *qlist);
 QObject *qlist_peek(QList *qlist);
 int qlist_empty(const QList *qlist);
diff --git a/include/qapi/visitor-impl.h b/include/qapi/visitor-impl.h
index 8ccb3b6..98dc533 100644
--- a/include/qapi/visitor-impl.h
+++ b/include/qapi/visitor-impl.h
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ typedef enum VisitorType {
 
 struct Visitor
 {
+    /*
+     * Only input visitors may fail!
+     */
+
     /* Must be set to visit structs */
     void (*start_struct)(Visitor *v, const char *name, void **obj,
                          size_t size, Error **errp);
@@ -67,13 +71,12 @@ struct Visitor
     /* Must be set */
     void (*end_list)(Visitor *v, void **list);
 
-    /* Must be set by input and dealloc visitors to visit alternates;
-     * optional for output visitors. */
+    /* Must be set by input and clone visitors to visit alternates */
     void (*start_alternate)(Visitor *v, const char *name,
                             GenericAlternate **obj, size_t size,
                             Error **errp);
 
-    /* Optional, needed for dealloc visitor */
+    /* Optional */
     void (*end_alternate)(Visitor *v, void **obj);
 
     /* Must be set */
diff --git a/include/qapi/visitor.h b/include/qapi/visitor.h
index c5b2385..5573906 100644
--- a/include/qapi/visitor.h
+++ b/include/qapi/visitor.h
@@ -25,19 +25,21 @@
  * for doing work at each node of a QAPI graph; it can also be used
  * for a virtual walk, where there is no actual QAPI C struct.
  *
- * There are four kinds of visitor classes: input visitors (QObject,
- * string, and QemuOpts) parse an external representation and build
- * the corresponding QAPI graph, output visitors (QObject and string) take
- * a completed QAPI graph and generate an external representation, the
- * dealloc visitor can take a QAPI graph (possibly partially
- * constructed) and recursively free its resources, and the clone
- * visitor performs a deep clone of one QAPI object to another.  While
- * the dealloc and QObject input/output visitors are general, the string,
- * QemuOpts, and clone visitors have some implementation limitations;
- * see the documentation for each visitor for more details on what it
- * supports.  Also, see visitor-impl.h for the callback contracts
- * implemented by each visitor, and docs/devel/qapi-code-gen.txt for more
- * about the QAPI code generator.
+ * There are four kinds of visitors: input visitors (QObject, string,
+ * and QemuOpts) parse an external representation and build the
+ * corresponding QAPI object, output visitors (QObject and string)
+ * take a QAPI object and generate an external representation, the
+ * dealloc visitor takes a QAPI object (possibly partially
+ * constructed) and recursively frees it, and the clone visitor
+ * performs a deep clone of a QAPI object.
+ *
+ * While the dealloc and QObject input/output visitors are general,
+ * the string, QemuOpts, and clone visitors have some implementation
+ * limitations; see the documentation for each visitor for more
+ * details on what it supports.  Also, see visitor-impl.h for the
+ * callback contracts implemented by each visitor, and
+ * docs/devel/qapi-code-gen.txt for more about the QAPI code
+ * generator.
  *
  * All of the visitors are created via:
  *
@@ -45,11 +47,15 @@
  *
  * A visitor should be used for exactly one top-level visit_type_FOO()
  * or virtual walk; if that is successful, the caller can optionally
- * call visit_complete() (for now, useful only for output visits, but
- * safe to call on all visits).  Then, regardless of success or
- * failure, the user should call visit_free() to clean up resources.
- * It is okay to free the visitor without completing the visit, if
- * some other error is detected in the meantime.
+ * call visit_complete() (useful only for output visits, but safe to
+ * call on all visits).  Then, regardless of success or failure, the
+ * user should call visit_free() to clean up resources.  It is okay to
+ * free the visitor without completing the visit, if some other error
+ * is detected in the meantime.
+ *
+ * The clone and dealloc visitor should not be used directly outside
+ * of QAPI code.  Use the qapi_free_FOO() and QAPI_CLONE() instead,
+ * described below.
  *
  * All QAPI types have a corresponding function with a signature
  * roughly compatible with this:
@@ -58,7 +64,7 @@
  *
  * where T is FOO for scalar types, and FOO * otherwise.  The scalar
  * visitors are declared here; the remaining visitors are generated in
- * qapi-visit.h.
+ * qapi-visit-MODULE.h.
  *
  * The @name parameter of visit_type_FOO() describes the relation
  * between this QAPI value and its parent container.  When visiting
@@ -68,55 +74,56 @@
  * alternate, @name should equal the name used for visiting the
  * alternate.
  *
- * The visit_type_FOO() functions expect a non-null @obj argument;
- * they allocate *@obj during input visits, leave it unchanged on
- * output visits, and recursively free any resources during a dealloc
- * visit.  Each function also takes the customary @errp argument (see
+ * The visit_type_FOO() functions take a non-null @obj argument; they
+ * allocate *@obj during input visits, leave it unchanged during
+ * output and clone visits, and free it (recursively) during a dealloc
+ * visit.
+ *
+ * Each function also takes the customary @errp argument (see
  * qapi/error.h for details), for reporting any errors (such as if a
  * member @name is not present, or is present but not the specified
- * type).
+ * type).  Only input visitors can fail.
  *
  * If an error is detected during visit_type_FOO() with an input
- * visitor, then *@obj will be NULL for pointer types, and left
- * unchanged for scalar types.  Using an output or clone visitor with
- * an incomplete object has undefined behavior (other than a special
- * case for visit_type_str() treating NULL like ""), while the dealloc
- * visitor safely handles incomplete objects.  Since input visitors
- * never produce an incomplete object, such an object is possible only
- * by manual construction.
+ * visitor, then *@obj will be set to NULL for pointer types, and left
+ * unchanged for scalar types.
+ *
+ * Using an output or clone visitor with an incomplete object has
+ * undefined behavior (other than a special case for visit_type_str()
+ * treating NULL like ""), while the dealloc visitor safely handles
+ * incomplete objects.  Since input visitors never produce an
+ * incomplete object, such an object is possible only by manual
+ * construction.
  *
  * For the QAPI object types (structs, unions, and alternates), there
- * is an additional generated function in qapi-visit.h compatible
- * with:
+ * is an additional generated function in qapi-visit-MODULE.h
+ * compatible with:
  *
  * void visit_type_FOO_members(Visitor *v, FOO *obj, Error **errp);
  *
  * for visiting the members of a type without also allocating the QAPI
  * struct.
  *
- * Additionally, in qapi-types.h, all QAPI pointer types (structs,
- * unions, alternates, and lists) have a generated function compatible
+ * Additionally, QAPI pointer types (structs, unions, alternates, and
+ * lists) have a generated function in qapi-types-MODULE.h compatible
  * with:
  *
  * void qapi_free_FOO(FOO *obj);
  *
- * where behaves like free() in that @obj may be NULL.  Such objects
- * may also be used with the following macro, provided alongside the
- * clone visitor:
+ * Does nothing when @obj is NULL.
+ *
+ * Such objects may also be used with macro
  *
  * Type *QAPI_CLONE(Type, src);
  *
- * in order to perform a deep clone of @src.  Because of the generated
- * qapi_free functions and the QAPI_CLONE() macro, the clone and
- * dealloc visitor should not be used directly outside of QAPI code.
+ * in order to perform a deep clone of @src.
  *
- * QAPI types can also inherit from a base class; when this happens, a
- * function is generated for easily going from the derived type to the
- * base type:
+ * For QAPI types can that inherit from a base type, a function is
+ * generated for going from the derived type to the base type:
  *
  * BASE *qapi_CHILD_base(CHILD *obj);
  *
- * For a real QAPI struct, typical input usage involves:
+ * Typical input visitor usage involves:
  *
  * <example>
  *  Foo *f;
@@ -153,36 +160,22 @@
  *  qapi_free_FooList(l);
  * </example>
  *
- * Similarly, typical output usage is:
+ * Typical output visitor usage:
  *
  * <example>
  *  Foo *f = ...obtain populated object...
- *  Error *err = NULL;
  *  Visitor *v;
  *  Type *result;
  *
  *  v = FOO_visitor_new(..., &result);
- *  visit_type_Foo(v, NULL, &f, &err);
- *  if (err) {
- *      ...handle error...
- *  } else {
- *      visit_complete(v, &result);
- *      ...use result...
- *  }
+ *  visit_type_Foo(v, NULL, &f, &error_abort);
+ *  visit_complete(v, &result);
  *  visit_free(v);
+ *  ...use result...
  * </example>
  *
- * When visiting a real QAPI struct, this file provides several
- * helpers that rely on in-tree information to control the walk:
- * visit_optional() for the 'has_member' field associated with
- * optional 'member' in the C struct; and visit_next_list() for
- * advancing through a FooList linked list.  Similarly, the
- * visit_is_input() helper makes it possible to write code that is
- * visitor-agnostic everywhere except for cleanup.  Only the generated
- * visit_type functions need to use these helpers.
- *
  * It is also possible to use the visitors to do a virtual walk, where
- * no actual QAPI struct is present.  In this situation, decisions
+ * no actual QAPI object is present.  In this situation, decisions
  * about what needs to be walked are made by the calling code, and
  * structured visits are split between pairs of start and end methods
  * (where the end method must be called if the start function
@@ -215,6 +208,9 @@
  *      goto outlist;
  *  }
  * outlist:
+ *  if (!err) {
+ *      visit_check_list(v, &err);
+ *  }
  *  visit_end_list(v, NULL);
  *  if (!err) {
  *      visit_check_struct(v, &err);
@@ -222,9 +218,14 @@
  * outobj:
  *  visit_end_struct(v, NULL);
  * out:
- *  error_propagate(errp, err);
  *  visit_free(v);
  * </example>
+ *
+ * This file provides helpers for use by the generated
+ * visit_type_FOO(): visit_optional() for the 'has_member' field
+ * associated with optional 'member' in the C struct,
+ * visit_next_list() for advancing through a FooList linked list, and
+ * visit_is_input() for cleaning up on failure.
  */
 
 /*** Useful types ***/
@@ -282,9 +283,8 @@ void visit_free(Visitor *v);
  * into *@obj.  @obj may also be NULL for a virtual walk, in which
  * case @size is ignored.
  *
- * @errp obeys typical error usage, and reports failures such as a
- * member @name is not present, or present but not an object.  On
- * error, input visitors set *@obj to NULL.
+ * On failure, set *@obj to NULL and store an error through @errp.
+ * Can happen only when @v is an input visitor.
  *
  * After visit_start_struct() succeeds, the caller may visit its
  * members one after the other, passing the member's name and address
@@ -301,8 +301,8 @@ void visit_start_struct(Visitor *v, const char *name, void **obj,
 /*
  * Prepare for completing an object visit.
  *
- * @errp obeys typical error usage, and reports failures such as
- * unparsed keys remaining in the input stream.
+ * On failure, store an error through @errp.  Can happen only when @v
+ * is an input visitor.
  *
  * Should be called prior to visit_end_struct() if all other
  * intermediate visit steps were successful, to allow the visitor one
@@ -338,14 +338,13 @@ void visit_end_struct(Visitor *v, void **obj);
  * allow @list to be NULL for a virtual walk, in which case @size is
  * ignored.
  *
- * @errp obeys typical error usage, and reports failures such as a
- * member @name is not present, or present but not a list.  On error,
- * input visitors set *@list to NULL.
+ * On failure, set *@list to NULL and store an error through @errp.
+ * Can happen only when @v is an input visitor.
  *
  * After visit_start_list() succeeds, the caller may visit its members
- * one after the other.  A real visit (where @obj is non-NULL) uses
+ * one after the other.  A real visit (where @list is non-NULL) uses
  * visit_next_list() for traversing the linked list, while a virtual
- * visit (where @obj is NULL) uses other means.  For each list
+ * visit (where @list is NULL) uses other means.  For each list
  * element, call the appropriate visit_type_FOO() with name set to
  * NULL and obj set to the address of the value member of the list
  * element.  Finally, visit_end_list() needs to be called with the
@@ -374,8 +373,8 @@ GenericList *visit_next_list(Visitor *v, GenericList *tail, size_t size);
 /*
  * Prepare for completing a list visit.
  *
- * @errp obeys typical error usage, and reports failures such as
- * unvisited list tail remaining in the input stream.
+ * On failure, store an error through @errp.  Can happen only when @v
+ * is an input visitor.
  *
  * Should be called prior to visit_end_list() if all other
  * intermediate visit steps were successful, to allow the visitor one
@@ -407,8 +406,11 @@ void visit_end_list(Visitor *v, void **list);
  *
  * @obj must not be NULL. Input and clone visitors use @size to
  * determine how much memory to allocate into *@obj, then determine
- * the qtype of the next thing to be visited, stored in (*@obj)->type.
- * Other visitors will leave @obj unchanged.
+ * the qtype of the next thing to be visited, and store it in
+ * (*@obj)->type.  Other visitors leave @obj unchanged.
+ *
+ * On failure, set *@obj to NULL and store an error through @errp.
+ * Can happen only when @v is an input visitor.
  *
  * If successful, this must be paired with visit_end_alternate() with
  * the same @obj to clean up, even if visiting the contents of the
@@ -461,12 +463,15 @@ bool visit_optional(Visitor *v, const char *name, bool *present);
  *
  * Currently, all input visitors parse text input, and all output
  * visitors produce text output.  The mapping between enumeration
- * values and strings is done by the visitor core, using @strings; it
- * should be the ENUM_lookup array from visit-types.h.
+ * values and strings is done by the visitor core, using @lookup.
+ *
+ * On failure, store an error through @errp.  Can happen only when @v
+ * is an input visitor.
  *
  * May call visit_type_str() under the hood, and the enum visit may
  * fail even if the corresponding string visit succeeded; this implies
- * that visit_type_str() must have no unwelcome side effects.
+ * that an input visitor's visit_type_str() must have no unwelcome
+ * side effects.
  */
 void visit_type_enum(Visitor *v, const char *name, int *obj,
                      const QEnumLookup *lookup, Error **errp);
@@ -476,6 +481,11 @@ void visit_type_enum(Visitor *v, const char *name, int *obj,
  */
 bool visit_is_input(Visitor *v);
 
+/*
+ * Check if visitor is a dealloc visitor.
+ */
+bool visit_is_dealloc(Visitor *v);
+
 /*** Visiting built-in types ***/
 
 /*
@@ -486,6 +496,9 @@ bool visit_is_input(Visitor *v);
  *
  * @obj must be non-NULL.  Input visitors set *@obj to the value;
  * other visitors will leave *@obj unchanged.
+ *
+ * On failure, store an error through @errp.  Can happen only when @v
+ * is an input visitor.
  */
 void visit_type_int(Visitor *v, const char *name, int64_t *obj, Error **errp);
 
@@ -562,6 +575,9 @@ void visit_type_size(Visitor *v, const char *name, uint64_t *obj,
  *
  * @obj must be non-NULL.  Input visitors set *@obj to the value;
  * other visitors will leave *@obj unchanged.
+ *
+ * On failure, store an error through @errp.  Can happen only when @v
+ * is an input visitor.
  */
 void visit_type_bool(Visitor *v, const char *name, bool *obj, Error **errp);
 
@@ -579,6 +595,9 @@ void visit_type_bool(Visitor *v, const char *name, bool *obj, Error **errp);
  * It is safe to cast away const when preparing a (const char *) value
  * into @obj for use by an output visitor.
  *
+ * On failure, set *@obj to NULL and store an error through @errp.
+ * Can happen only when @v is an input visitor.
+ *
  * FIXME: Callers that try to output NULL *obj should not be allowed.
  */
 void visit_type_str(Visitor *v, const char *name, char **obj, Error **errp);
@@ -592,6 +611,9 @@ void visit_type_str(Visitor *v, const char *name, char **obj, Error **errp);
  * @obj must be non-NULL.  Input visitors set *@obj to the value;
  * other visitors will leave *@obj unchanged.  Visitors should
  * document if infinity or NaN are not permitted.
+ *
+ * On failure, store an error through @errp.  Can happen only when @v
+ * is an input visitor.
  */
 void visit_type_number(Visitor *v, const char *name, double *obj,
                        Error **errp);
@@ -606,6 +628,9 @@ void visit_type_number(Visitor *v, const char *name, double *obj,
  * other visitors will leave *@obj unchanged.  *@obj must be non-NULL
  * for output visitors.
  *
+ * On failure, set *@obj to NULL and store an error through @errp.
+ * Can happen only when @v is an input visitor.
+ *
  * Note that some kinds of input can't express arbitrary QObject.
  * E.g. the visitor returned by qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval()
  * can't create numbers or booleans, only strings.
@@ -620,6 +645,9 @@ void visit_type_any(Visitor *v, const char *name, QObject **obj, Error **errp);
  *
  * @obj must be non-NULL.  Input visitors set *@obj to the value;
  * other visitors ignore *@obj.
+ *
+ * On failure, set *@obj to NULL and store an error through @errp.
+ * Can happen only when @v is an input visitor.
  */
 void visit_type_null(Visitor *v, const char *name, QNull **obj,
                      Error **errp);
diff --git a/monitor/hmp-cmds.c b/monitor/hmp-cmds.c
index 9b94e67..7f6e982 100644
--- a/monitor/hmp-cmds.c
+++ b/monitor/hmp-cmds.c
@@ -334,7 +334,8 @@ void hmp_info_migrate(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
         Visitor *v;
         char *str;
         v = string_output_visitor_new(false, &str);
-        visit_type_uint32List(v, NULL, &info->postcopy_vcpu_blocktime, NULL);
+        visit_type_uint32List(v, NULL, &info->postcopy_vcpu_blocktime,
+                              &error_abort);
         visit_complete(v, &str);
         monitor_printf(mon, "postcopy vcpu blocktime: %s\n", str);
         g_free(str);
diff --git a/monitor/qmp.c b/monitor/qmp.c
index f89e7da..d433cea 100644
--- a/monitor/qmp.c
+++ b/monitor/qmp.c
@@ -322,9 +322,12 @@ static QDict *qmp_greeting(MonitorQMP *mon)
 {
     QList *cap_list = qlist_new();
     QObject *ver = NULL;
+    QDict *args;
     QMPCapability cap;
 
-    qmp_marshal_query_version(NULL, &ver, NULL);
+    args = qdict_new();
+    qmp_marshal_query_version(args, &ver, NULL);
+    qobject_unref(args);
 
     for (cap = 0; cap < QMP_CAPABILITY__MAX; cap++) {
         if (mon->capab_offered[cap]) {
diff --git a/qapi/qapi-dealloc-visitor.c b/qapi/qapi-dealloc-visitor.c
index d192724..2239fc6 100644
--- a/qapi/qapi-dealloc-visitor.c
+++ b/qapi/qapi-dealloc-visitor.c
@@ -34,12 +34,6 @@ static void qapi_dealloc_end_struct(Visitor *v, void **obj)
     }
 }
 
-static void qapi_dealloc_start_alternate(Visitor *v, const char *name,
-                                         GenericAlternate **obj, size_t size,
-                                         Error **errp)
-{
-}
-
 static void qapi_dealloc_end_alternate(Visitor *v, void **obj)
 {
     if (obj) {
@@ -123,7 +117,6 @@ Visitor *qapi_dealloc_visitor_new(void)
     v->visitor.type = VISITOR_DEALLOC;
     v->visitor.start_struct = qapi_dealloc_start_struct;
     v->visitor.end_struct = qapi_dealloc_end_struct;
-    v->visitor.start_alternate = qapi_dealloc_start_alternate;
     v->visitor.end_alternate = qapi_dealloc_end_alternate;
     v->visitor.start_list = qapi_dealloc_start_list;
     v->visitor.next_list = qapi_dealloc_next_list;
diff --git a/qapi/qapi-visit-core.c b/qapi/qapi-visit-core.c
index 5365561..74aa9c0 100644
--- a/qapi/qapi-visit-core.c
+++ b/qapi/qapi-visit-core.c
@@ -142,6 +142,11 @@ bool visit_is_input(Visitor *v)
     return v->type == VISITOR_INPUT;
 }
 
+bool visit_is_dealloc(Visitor *v)
+{
+    return v->type == VISITOR_DEALLOC;
+}
+
 void visit_type_int(Visitor *v, const char *name, int64_t *obj, Error **errp)
 {
     assert(obj);
@@ -155,10 +160,13 @@ static void visit_type_uintN(Visitor *v, uint64_t *obj, const char *name,
     Error *err = NULL;
     uint64_t value = *obj;
 
+    assert(v->type == VISITOR_INPUT || value <= max);
+
     v->type_uint64(v, name, &value, &err);
     if (err) {
         error_propagate(errp, err);
     } else if (value > max) {
+        assert(v->type == VISITOR_INPUT);
         error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE,
                    name ? name : "null", type);
     } else {
@@ -214,10 +222,13 @@ static void visit_type_intN(Visitor *v, int64_t *obj, const char *name,
     Error *err = NULL;
     int64_t value = *obj;
 
+    assert(v->type == VISITOR_INPUT || (value >= min && value <= max));
+
     v->type_int64(v, name, &value, &err);
     if (err) {
         error_propagate(errp, err);
     } else if (value < min || value > max) {
+        assert(v->type == VISITOR_INPUT);
         error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE,
                    name ? name : "null", type);
     } else {
@@ -336,15 +347,6 @@ static void output_type_enum(Visitor *v, const char *name, int *obj,
     int value = *obj;
     char *enum_str;
 
-    /*
-     * TODO why is this an error, not an assertion?  If assertion:
-     * delete, and rely on qapi_enum_lookup()
-     */
-    if (value < 0 || value >= lookup->size) {
-        error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, name ? name : "null");
-        return;
-    }
-
     enum_str = (char *)qapi_enum_lookup(lookup, value);
     visit_type_str(v, name, &enum_str, errp);
 }
diff --git a/qapi/qobject-input-visitor.c b/qapi/qobject-input-visitor.c
index 32236cb..5ce3ec2 100644
--- a/qapi/qobject-input-visitor.c
+++ b/qapi/qobject-input-visitor.c
@@ -203,31 +203,32 @@ static const char *qobject_input_get_keyval(QObjectInputVisitor *qiv,
     return qstring_get_str(qstr);
 }
 
-static void qdict_add_key(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
-{
-    GHashTable *h = opaque;
-    g_hash_table_insert(h, (gpointer) key, NULL);
-}
-
 static const QListEntry *qobject_input_push(QObjectInputVisitor *qiv,
                                             const char *name,
                                             QObject *obj, void *qapi)
 {
     GHashTable *h;
     StackObject *tos = g_new0(StackObject, 1);
+    QDict *qdict = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
+    QList *qlist = qobject_to(QList, obj);
+    const QDictEntry *entry;
 
     assert(obj);
     tos->name = name;
     tos->obj = obj;
     tos->qapi = qapi;
 
-    if (qobject_type(obj) == QTYPE_QDICT) {
+    if (qdict) {
         h = g_hash_table_new(g_str_hash, g_str_equal);
-        qdict_iter(qobject_to(QDict, obj), qdict_add_key, h);
+        for (entry = qdict_first(qdict);
+             entry;
+             entry = qdict_next(qdict, entry)) {
+            g_hash_table_insert(h, (void *)qdict_entry_key(entry), NULL);
+        }
         tos->h = h;
     } else {
-        assert(qobject_type(obj) == QTYPE_QLIST);
-        tos->entry = qlist_first(qobject_to(QList, obj));
+        assert(qlist);
+        tos->entry = qlist_first(qlist);
         tos->index = -1;
     }
 
diff --git a/qobject/qdict.c b/qobject/qdict.c
index 3d8c2f7..526de54 100644
--- a/qobject/qdict.c
+++ b/qobject/qdict.c
@@ -298,25 +298,6 @@ const char *qdict_get_try_str(const QDict *qdict, const char *key)
     return qstr ? qstring_get_str(qstr) : NULL;
 }
 
-/**
- * qdict_iter(): Iterate over all the dictionary's stored values.
- *
- * This function allows the user to provide an iterator, which will be
- * called for each stored value in the dictionary.
- */
-void qdict_iter(const QDict *qdict,
-                void (*iter)(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque),
-                void *opaque)
-{
-    int i;
-    QDictEntry *entry;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < QDICT_BUCKET_MAX; i++) {
-        QLIST_FOREACH(entry, &qdict->table[i], next)
-            iter(entry->key, entry->value, opaque);
-    }
-}
-
 static QDictEntry *qdict_next_entry(const QDict *qdict, int first_bucket)
 {
     int i;
diff --git a/qobject/qjson.c b/qobject/qjson.c
index db36101..f1f2c69 100644
--- a/qobject/qjson.c
+++ b/qobject/qjson.c
@@ -149,58 +149,18 @@ QDict *qdict_from_jsonf_nofail(const char *string, ...)
     return qdict;
 }
 
-typedef struct ToJsonIterState
-{
-    int indent;
-    int pretty;
-    int count;
-    QString *str;
-} ToJsonIterState;
-
 static void to_json(const QObject *obj, QString *str, int pretty, int indent);
 
-static void to_json_dict_iter(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
-{
-    ToJsonIterState *s = opaque;
-    QString *qkey;
-    int j;
-
-    if (s->count) {
-        qstring_append(s->str, s->pretty ? "," : ", ");
-    }
-
-    if (s->pretty) {
-        qstring_append(s->str, "\n");
-        for (j = 0 ; j < s->indent ; j++)
-            qstring_append(s->str, "    ");
-    }
-
-    qkey = qstring_from_str(key);
-    to_json(QOBJECT(qkey), s->str, s->pretty, s->indent);
-    qobject_unref(qkey);
-
-    qstring_append(s->str, ": ");
-    to_json(obj, s->str, s->pretty, s->indent);
-    s->count++;
-}
-
-static void to_json_list_iter(QObject *obj, void *opaque)
+static void json_pretty_newline(QString *str, bool pretty, int indent)
 {
-    ToJsonIterState *s = opaque;
-    int j;
+    int i;
 
-    if (s->count) {
-        qstring_append(s->str, s->pretty ? "," : ", ");
-    }
-
-    if (s->pretty) {
-        qstring_append(s->str, "\n");
-        for (j = 0 ; j < s->indent ; j++)
-            qstring_append(s->str, "    ");
+    if (pretty) {
+        qstring_append(str, "\n");
+        for (i = 0; i < indent; i++) {
+            qstring_append(str, "    ");
+        }
     }
-
-    to_json(obj, s->str, s->pretty, s->indent);
-    s->count++;
 }
 
 static void to_json(const QObject *obj, QString *str, int pretty, int indent)
@@ -273,40 +233,49 @@ static void to_json(const QObject *obj, QString *str, int pretty, int indent)
         break;
     }
     case QTYPE_QDICT: {
-        ToJsonIterState s;
         QDict *val = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
+        const char *comma = pretty ? "," : ", ";
+        const char *sep = "";
+        const QDictEntry *entry;
+        QString *qkey;
 
-        s.count = 0;
-        s.str = str;
-        s.indent = indent + 1;
-        s.pretty = pretty;
         qstring_append(str, "{");
-        qdict_iter(val, to_json_dict_iter, &s);
-        if (pretty) {
-            int j;
-            qstring_append(str, "\n");
-            for (j = 0 ; j < indent ; j++)
-                qstring_append(str, "    ");
+
+        for (entry = qdict_first(val);
+             entry;
+             entry = qdict_next(val, entry)) {
+            qstring_append(str, sep);
+            json_pretty_newline(str, pretty, indent + 1);
+
+            qkey = qstring_from_str(qdict_entry_key(entry));
+            to_json(QOBJECT(qkey), str, pretty, indent + 1);
+            qobject_unref(qkey);
+
+            qstring_append(str, ": ");
+            to_json(qdict_entry_value(entry), str, pretty, indent + 1);
+            sep = comma;
         }
+
+        json_pretty_newline(str, pretty, indent);
         qstring_append(str, "}");
         break;
     }
     case QTYPE_QLIST: {
-        ToJsonIterState s;
         QList *val = qobject_to(QList, obj);
+        const char *comma = pretty ? "," : ", ";
+        const char *sep = "";
+        QListEntry *entry;
 
-        s.count = 0;
-        s.str = str;
-        s.indent = indent + 1;
-        s.pretty = pretty;
         qstring_append(str, "[");
-        qlist_iter(val, (void *)to_json_list_iter, &s);
-        if (pretty) {
-            int j;
-            qstring_append(str, "\n");
-            for (j = 0 ; j < indent ; j++)
-                qstring_append(str, "    ");
+
+        QLIST_FOREACH_ENTRY(val, entry) {
+            qstring_append(str, sep);
+            json_pretty_newline(str, pretty, indent + 1);
+            to_json(qlist_entry_obj(entry), str, pretty, indent + 1);
+            sep = comma;
         }
+
+        json_pretty_newline(str, pretty, indent);
         qstring_append(str, "]");
         break;
     }
diff --git a/qobject/qlist.c b/qobject/qlist.c
index b3274af..1be9536 100644
--- a/qobject/qlist.c
+++ b/qobject/qlist.c
@@ -34,20 +34,17 @@ QList *qlist_new(void)
     return qlist;
 }
 
-static void qlist_copy_elem(QObject *obj, void *opaque)
-{
-    QList *dst = opaque;
-
-    qobject_ref(obj);
-    qlist_append_obj(dst, obj);
-}
-
 QList *qlist_copy(QList *src)
 {
     QList *dst = qlist_new();
+    QListEntry *entry;
+    QObject *elt;
 
-    qlist_iter(src, qlist_copy_elem, dst);
-
+    QLIST_FOREACH_ENTRY(src, entry) {
+        elt = qlist_entry_obj(entry);
+        qobject_ref(elt);
+        qlist_append_obj(dst, elt);
+    }
     return dst;
 }
 
@@ -86,21 +83,6 @@ void qlist_append_null(QList *qlist)
     qlist_append(qlist, qnull());
 }
 
-/**
- * qlist_iter(): Iterate over all the list's stored values.
- *
- * This function allows the user to provide an iterator, which will be
- * called for each stored value in the list.
- */
-void qlist_iter(const QList *qlist,
-                void (*iter)(QObject *obj, void *opaque), void *opaque)
-{
-    QListEntry *entry;
-
-    QTAILQ_FOREACH(entry, &qlist->head, next)
-        iter(entry->value, opaque);
-}
-
 QObject *qlist_pop(QList *qlist)
 {
     QListEntry *entry;
@@ -137,16 +119,14 @@ int qlist_empty(const QList *qlist)
     return QTAILQ_EMPTY(&qlist->head);
 }
 
-static void qlist_size_iter(QObject *obj, void *opaque)
-{
-    size_t *count = opaque;
-    (*count)++;
-}
-
 size_t qlist_size(const QList *qlist)
 {
     size_t count = 0;
-    qlist_iter(qlist, qlist_size_iter, &count);
+    QListEntry *entry;
+
+    QLIST_FOREACH_ENTRY(qlist, entry) {
+        count++;
+    }
     return count;
 }
 
diff --git a/qom/object.c b/qom/object.c
index 1812f79..be700e8 100644
--- a/qom/object.c
+++ b/qom/object.c
@@ -1550,11 +1550,9 @@ int object_property_get_enum(Object *obj, const char *name,
     }
     visit_complete(v, &str);
     visit_free(v);
-    v = string_input_visitor_new(str);
-    visit_type_enum(v, name, &ret, enumprop->lookup, errp);
 
+    ret = qapi_enum_parse(enumprop->lookup, str, -1, errp);
     g_free(str);
-    visit_free(v);
 
     return ret;
 }
diff --git a/scripts/qapi/commands.py b/scripts/qapi/commands.py
index bc30876..6809b0f 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi/commands.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi/commands.py
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ def gen_marshal(name, arg_type, boxed, ret_type):
 %(proto)s
 {
     Error *err = NULL;
+    Visitor *v;
 ''',
                 proto=build_marshal_proto(name))
 
@@ -114,44 +115,38 @@ def gen_marshal(name, arg_type, boxed, ret_type):
                      c_type=ret_type.c_type())
 
     if have_args:
-        visit_members = ('visit_type_%s_members(v, &arg, &err);'
-                         % arg_type.c_name())
         ret += mcgen('''
-    Visitor *v;
     %(c_name)s arg = {0};
-
 ''',
                      c_name=arg_type.c_name())
-    else:
-        visit_members = ''
-        ret += mcgen('''
-    Visitor *v = NULL;
-
-    if (args) {
-''')
-        push_indent()
 
     ret += mcgen('''
+
     v = qobject_input_visitor_new(QOBJECT(args));
     visit_start_struct(v, NULL, NULL, 0, &err);
     if (err) {
         goto out;
     }
-    %(visit_members)s
+''')
+
+    if have_args:
+        ret += mcgen('''
+    visit_type_%(c_arg_type)s_members(v, &arg, &err);
     if (!err) {
         visit_check_struct(v, &err);
     }
+''',
+                     c_arg_type=arg_type.c_name())
+    else:
+        ret += mcgen('''
+    visit_check_struct(v, &err);
+''')
+
+    ret += mcgen('''
     visit_end_struct(v, NULL);
     if (err) {
         goto out;
     }
-''',
-                 visit_members=visit_members)
-
-    if not have_args:
-        pop_indent()
-        ret += mcgen('''
-    }
 ''')
 
     ret += gen_call(name, arg_type, boxed, ret_type)
@@ -163,29 +158,20 @@ out:
     visit_free(v);
 ''')
 
+    ret += mcgen('''
+    v = qapi_dealloc_visitor_new();
+    visit_start_struct(v, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
+''')
+
     if have_args:
-        visit_members = ('visit_type_%s_members(v, &arg, NULL);'
-                         % arg_type.c_name())
-    else:
-        visit_members = ''
         ret += mcgen('''
-    if (args) {
-''')
-        push_indent()
+    visit_type_%(c_arg_type)s_members(v, &arg, NULL);
+''',
+                     c_arg_type=arg_type.c_name())
 
     ret += mcgen('''
-    v = qapi_dealloc_visitor_new();
-    visit_start_struct(v, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
-    %(visit_members)s
     visit_end_struct(v, NULL);
     visit_free(v);
-''',
-                 visit_members=visit_members)
-
-    if not have_args:
-        pop_indent()
-        ret += mcgen('''
-    }
 ''')
 
     ret += mcgen('''
diff --git a/scripts/qapi/visit.py b/scripts/qapi/visit.py
index 23d9194..d5d7a10 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi/visit.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi/visit.py
@@ -189,6 +189,8 @@ void visit_type_%(c_name)s(Visitor *v, const char *name, %(c_name)s **obj, Error
         goto out;
     }
     if (!*obj) {
+        /* incomplete */
+        assert(visit_is_dealloc(v));
         goto out_obj;
     }
     switch ((*obj)->type) {
@@ -230,8 +232,12 @@ void visit_type_%(c_name)s(Visitor *v, const char *name, %(c_name)s **obj, Error
     case QTYPE_NONE:
         abort();
     default:
+        assert(visit_is_input(v));
         error_setg(&err, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_TYPE, name ? name : "null",
                    "%(name)s");
+        /* Avoid passing invalid *obj to qapi_free_%(c_name)s() */
+        g_free(*obj);
+        *obj = NULL;
     }
 out_obj:
     visit_end_alternate(v, (void **)obj);
@@ -260,6 +266,8 @@ void visit_type_%(c_name)s(Visitor *v, const char *name, %(c_name)s **obj, Error
         goto out;
     }
     if (!*obj) {
+        /* incomplete */
+        assert(visit_is_dealloc(v));
         goto out_obj;
     }
     visit_type_%(c_name)s_members(v, *obj, &err);
diff --git a/tests/check-qlist.c b/tests/check-qlist.c
index ece83e2..3cd0ccb 100644
--- a/tests/check-qlist.c
+++ b/tests/check-qlist.c
@@ -61,40 +61,31 @@ static void qobject_to_qlist_test(void)
     qobject_unref(qlist);
 }
 
-static int iter_called;
-static const int iter_max = 42;
-
-static void iter_func(QObject *obj, void *opaque)
-{
-    QNum *qi;
-    int64_t val;
-
-    g_assert(opaque == NULL);
-
-    qi = qobject_to(QNum, obj);
-    g_assert(qi != NULL);
-
-    g_assert(qnum_get_try_int(qi, &val));
-    g_assert_cmpint(val, >=, 0);
-    g_assert_cmpint(val, <=, iter_max);
-
-    iter_called++;
-}
-
 static void qlist_iter_test(void)
 {
+    const int iter_max = 42;
     int i;
     QList *qlist;
+    QListEntry *entry;
+    QNum *qi;
+    int64_t val;
 
     qlist = qlist_new();
 
     for (i = 0; i < iter_max; i++)
         qlist_append_int(qlist, i);
 
-    iter_called = 0;
-    qlist_iter(qlist, iter_func, NULL);
+    i = 0;
+    QLIST_FOREACH_ENTRY(qlist, entry) {
+        qi = qobject_to(QNum, qlist_entry_obj(entry));
+        g_assert(qi != NULL);
+
+        g_assert(qnum_get_try_int(qi, &val));
+        g_assert_cmpint(val, ==, i);
+        i++;
+    }
 
-    g_assert(iter_called == iter_max);
+    g_assert(i == iter_max);
 
     qobject_unref(qlist);
 }
diff --git a/tests/test-qobject-output-visitor.c b/tests/test-qobject-output-visitor.c
index d7761eb..1c856d9 100644
--- a/tests/test-qobject-output-visitor.c
+++ b/tests/test-qobject-output-visitor.c
@@ -141,21 +141,6 @@ static void test_visitor_out_enum(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
     }
 }
 
-static void test_visitor_out_enum_errors(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
-                                         const void *unused)
-{
-    EnumOne i, bad_values[] = { ENUM_ONE__MAX, -1 };
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_values) ; i++) {
-        Error *err = NULL;
-
-        visit_type_EnumOne(data->ov, "unused", &bad_values[i], &err);
-        error_free_or_abort(&err);
-        visitor_reset(data);
-    }
-}
-
-
 static void test_visitor_out_struct(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
                                     const void *unused)
 {
@@ -234,26 +219,6 @@ static void test_visitor_out_struct_nested(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
     qapi_free_UserDefTwo(ud2);
 }
 
-static void test_visitor_out_struct_errors(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
-                                           const void *unused)
-{
-    EnumOne bad_values[] = { ENUM_ONE__MAX, -1 };
-    UserDefOne u = {0};
-    UserDefOne *pu = &u;
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_values) ; i++) {
-        Error *err = NULL;
-
-        u.has_enum1 = true;
-        u.enum1 = bad_values[i];
-        visit_type_UserDefOne(data->ov, "unused", &pu, &err);
-        error_free_or_abort(&err);
-        visitor_reset(data);
-    }
-}
-
-
 static void test_visitor_out_list(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
                                   const void *unused)
 {
@@ -821,14 +786,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_no_string);
     output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/enum",
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_enum);
-    output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/enum-errors",
-                            &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_enum_errors);
     output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/struct",
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_struct);
     output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/struct-nested",
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_struct_nested);
-    output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/struct-errors",
-                            &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_struct_errors);
     output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/list",
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_list);
     output_visitor_test_add("/visitor/output/any",
diff --git a/tests/test-string-output-visitor.c b/tests/test-string-output-visitor.c
index 1be1540..3bd7322 100644
--- a/tests/test-string-output-visitor.c
+++ b/tests/test-string-output-visitor.c
@@ -203,19 +203,6 @@ static void test_visitor_out_enum(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
     }
 }
 
-static void test_visitor_out_enum_errors(TestOutputVisitorData *data,
-                                         const void *unused)
-{
-    EnumOne i, bad_values[] = { ENUM_ONE__MAX, -1 };
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_values) ; i++) {
-        Error *err = NULL;
-
-        visit_type_EnumOne(data->ov, "unused", &bad_values[i], &err);
-        error_free_or_abort(&err);
-    }
-}
-
 static void
 output_visitor_test_add(const char *testpath,
                         TestOutputVisitorData *data,
@@ -260,12 +247,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_enum, false);
     output_visitor_test_add("/string-visitor/output/enum-human",
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_enum, true);
-    output_visitor_test_add("/string-visitor/output/enum-errors",
-                            &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_enum_errors,
-                            false);
-    output_visitor_test_add("/string-visitor/output/enum-errors-human",
-                            &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_enum_errors,
-                            true);
     output_visitor_test_add("/string-visitor/output/intList",
                             &out_visitor_data, test_visitor_out_intList, false);
     output_visitor_test_add("/string-visitor/output/intList-human",
diff --git a/util/qemu-option.c b/util/qemu-option.c
index 9542988..0ebfd97 100644
--- a/util/qemu-option.c
+++ b/util/qemu-option.c
@@ -965,18 +965,16 @@ void qemu_opts_set_defaults(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
     assert(opts);
 }
 
-typedef struct OptsFromQDictState {
-    QemuOpts *opts;
-    Error **errp;
-} OptsFromQDictState;
-
-static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
+static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_entry(QemuOpts *opts,
+                                       const QDictEntry *entry,
+                                       Error **errp)
 {
-    OptsFromQDictState *state = opaque;
+    const char *key = qdict_entry_key(entry);
+    QObject *obj = qdict_entry_value(entry);
     char buf[32], *tmp = NULL;
     const char *value;
 
-    if (!strcmp(key, "id") || *state->errp) {
+    if (!strcmp(key, "id")) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -997,7 +995,7 @@ static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
         return;
     }
 
-    qemu_opt_set(state->opts, key, value, state->errp);
+    qemu_opt_set(opts, key, value, errp);
     g_free(tmp);
 }
 
@@ -1010,9 +1008,9 @@ static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
 QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict,
                                Error **errp)
 {
-    OptsFromQDictState state;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts;
+    const QDictEntry *entry;
 
     opts = qemu_opts_create(list, qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "id"), 1,
                             &local_err);
@@ -1023,13 +1021,15 @@ QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict,
 
     assert(opts != NULL);
 
-    state.errp = &local_err;
-    state.opts = opts;
-    qdict_iter(qdict, qemu_opts_from_qdict_1, &state);
-    if (local_err) {
-        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        qemu_opts_del(opts);
-        return NULL;
+    for (entry = qdict_first(qdict);
+         entry;
+         entry = qdict_next(qdict, entry)) {
+        qemu_opts_from_qdict_entry(opts, entry, &local_err);
+        if (local_err) {
+            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+            qemu_opts_del(opts);
+            return NULL;
+        }
     }
 
     return opts;
@@ -1048,21 +1048,16 @@ void qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(QemuOpts *opts, QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
 
     while (entry != NULL) {
         Error *local_err = NULL;
-        OptsFromQDictState state = {
-            .errp = &local_err,
-            .opts = opts,
-        };
 
         next = qdict_next(qdict, entry);
 
         if (find_desc_by_name(opts->list->desc, entry->key)) {
-            qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(entry->key, entry->value, &state);
+            qemu_opts_from_qdict_entry(opts, entry, &local_err);
             if (local_err) {
                 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
                 return;
-            } else {
-                qdict_del(qdict, entry->key);
             }
+            qdict_del(qdict, entry->key);
         }
 
         entry = next;