vnc: rename vnc-encoding-* vnc-enc-*

For the same reason that we don't use vnc-authentication-sasl.c but
vnc-auth-sals.c. Because it's tooooo long.

Signed-off-by: Corentin Chary <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>

1 files changed, 1520 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/ui/vnc-enc-tight.c b/ui/vnc-enc-tight.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..358221d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ui/vnc-enc-tight.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1520 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU VNC display driver: tight encoding
+ *
+ * From libvncserver/libvncserver/tight.c
+ * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Const Kaplinsky.  All Rights Reserved.
+ * Copyright (C) 1999 AT&T Laboratories Cambridge.  All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Corentin Chary <corentin.chary@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu-common.h"
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC_JPEG
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <jpeglib.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bswap.h"
+#include "qdict.h"
+#include "qint.h"
+#include "vnc.h"
+#include "vnc-enc-tight.h"
+
+/* Compression level stuff. The following array contains various
+   encoder parameters for each of 10 compression levels (0..9).
+   Last three parameters correspond to JPEG quality levels (0..9). */
+
+static const struct {
+    int max_rect_size, max_rect_width;
+    int mono_min_rect_size, gradient_min_rect_size;
+    int idx_zlib_level, mono_zlib_level, raw_zlib_level, gradient_zlib_level;
+    int gradient_threshold, gradient_threshold24;
+    int idx_max_colors_divisor;
+    int jpeg_quality, jpeg_threshold, jpeg_threshold24;
+} tight_conf[] = {
+    {   512,   32,   6, 65536, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0,   0,   4,  5, 10000, 23000 },
+    {  2048,  128,   6, 65536, 1, 1, 1, 0,   0,   0,   8, 10,  8000, 18000 },
+    {  6144,  256,   8, 65536, 3, 3, 2, 0,   0,   0,  24, 15,  6500, 15000 },
+    { 10240, 1024,  12, 65536, 5, 5, 3, 0,   0,   0,  32, 25,  5000, 12000 },
+    { 16384, 2048,  12, 65536, 6, 6, 4, 0,   0,   0,  32, 37,  4000, 10000 },
+    { 32768, 2048,  12,  4096, 7, 7, 5, 4, 150, 380,  32, 50,  3000,  8000 },
+    { 65536, 2048,  16,  4096, 7, 7, 6, 4, 170, 420,  48, 60,  2000,  5000 },
+    { 65536, 2048,  16,  4096, 8, 8, 7, 5, 180, 450,  64, 70,  1000,  2500 },
+    { 65536, 2048,  32,  8192, 9, 9, 8, 6, 190, 475,  64, 75,   500,  1200 },
+    { 65536, 2048,  32,  8192, 9, 9, 9, 6, 200, 500,  96, 80,   200,   500 }
+};
+
+/*
+ * Code to guess if given rectangle is suitable for smooth image
+ * compression (by applying "gradient" filter or JPEG coder).
+ */
+
+static uint
+tight_detect_smooth_image24(VncState *vs, int w, int h)
+{
+    int off;
+    int x, y, d, dx;
+    uint c;
+    uint stats[256];
+    int pixels = 0;
+    int pix, left[3];
+    uint errors;
+    unsigned char *buf = vs->tight.buffer;
+
+    /*
+     * If client is big-endian, color samples begin from the second
+     * byte (offset 1) of a 32-bit pixel value.
+     */
+    off = !!(vs->clientds.flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG);
+
+    memset(stats, 0, sizeof (stats));
+
+    for (y = 0, x = 0; y < h && x < w;) {
+        for (d = 0; d < h - y && d < w - x - VNC_TIGHT_DETECT_SUBROW_WIDTH;
+             d++) {
+            for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {
+                left[c] = buf[((y+d)*w+x+d)*4+off+c] & 0xFF;
+            }
+            for (dx = 1; dx <= VNC_TIGHT_DETECT_SUBROW_WIDTH; dx++) {
+                for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {
+                    pix = buf[((y+d)*w+x+d+dx)*4+off+c] & 0xFF;
+                    stats[abs(pix - left[c])]++;
+                    left[c] = pix;
+                }
+                pixels++;
+            }
+        }
+        if (w > h) {
+            x += h;
+            y = 0;
+        } else {
+            x = 0;
+            y += w;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* 95% smooth or more ... */
+    if (stats[0] * 33 / pixels >= 95) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    errors = 0;
+    for (c = 1; c < 8; c++) {
+        errors += stats[c] * (c * c);
+        if (stats[c] == 0 || stats[c] > stats[c-1] * 2) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    for (; c < 256; c++) {
+        errors += stats[c] * (c * c);
+    }
+    errors /= (pixels * 3 - stats[0]);
+
+    return errors;
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_DETECT_FUNCTION(bpp)                                     \
+                                                                        \
+    static uint                                                         \
+    tight_detect_smooth_image##bpp(VncState *vs, int w, int h) {        \
+        bool endian;                                                    \
+        uint##bpp##_t pix;                                              \
+        int max[3], shift[3];                                           \
+        int x, y, d, dx;                                                \
+        uint c;                                                         \
+        uint stats[256];                                                \
+        int pixels = 0;                                                 \
+        int sample, sum, left[3];                                       \
+        uint errors;                                                    \
+        unsigned char *buf = vs->tight.buffer;                          \
+                                                                        \
+        endian = ((vs->clientds.flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG) !=        \
+                  (vs->ds->surface->flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG));     \
+                                                                        \
+                                                                        \
+        max[0] = vs->clientds.pf.rmax;                                  \
+        max[1] = vs->clientds.pf.gmax;                                  \
+        max[2] = vs->clientds.pf.bmax;                                  \
+        shift[0] = vs->clientds.pf.rshift;                              \
+        shift[1] = vs->clientds.pf.gshift;                              \
+        shift[2] = vs->clientds.pf.bshift;                              \
+                                                                        \
+        memset(stats, 0, sizeof(stats));                                \
+                                                                        \
+        y = 0, x = 0;                                                   \
+        while (y < h && x < w) {                                        \
+            for (d = 0; d < h - y &&                                    \
+                     d < w - x - VNC_TIGHT_DETECT_SUBROW_WIDTH; d++) {  \
+                pix = ((uint##bpp##_t *)buf)[(y+d)*w+x+d];              \
+                if (endian) {                                           \
+                    pix = bswap_##bpp(pix);                             \
+                }                                                       \
+                for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {                               \
+                    left[c] = (int)(pix >> shift[c] & max[c]);          \
+                }                                                       \
+                for (dx = 1; dx <= VNC_TIGHT_DETECT_SUBROW_WIDTH;       \
+                     dx++) {                                            \
+                    pix = ((uint##bpp##_t *)buf)[(y+d)*w+x+d+dx];       \
+                    if (endian) {                                       \
+                        pix = bswap_##bpp(pix);                         \
+                    }                                                   \
+                    sum = 0;                                            \
+                    for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {                           \
+                        sample = (int)(pix >> shift[c] & max[c]);       \
+                        sum += abs(sample - left[c]);                   \
+                        left[c] = sample;                               \
+                    }                                                   \
+                    if (sum > 255) {                                    \
+                        sum = 255;                                      \
+                    }                                                   \
+                    stats[sum]++;                                       \
+                    pixels++;                                           \
+                }                                                       \
+            }                                                           \
+            if (w > h) {                                                \
+                x += h;                                                 \
+                y = 0;                                                  \
+            } else {                                                    \
+                x = 0;                                                  \
+                y += w;                                                 \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        if ((stats[0] + stats[1]) * 100 / pixels >= 90) {               \
+            return 0;                                                   \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        errors = 0;                                                     \
+        for (c = 1; c < 8; c++) {                                       \
+            errors += stats[c] * (c * c);                               \
+            if (stats[c] == 0 || stats[c] > stats[c-1] * 2) {           \
+                return 0;                                               \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+        for (; c < 256; c++) {                                          \
+            errors += stats[c] * (c * c);                               \
+        }                                                               \
+        errors /= (pixels - stats[0]);                                  \
+                                                                        \
+        return errors;                                                  \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_DETECT_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_DETECT_FUNCTION(32)
+
+static int
+tight_detect_smooth_image(VncState *vs, int w, int h)
+{
+    uint errors;
+    int compression = vs->tight_compression;
+    int quality = vs->tight_quality;
+
+    if (!vs->vd->lossy) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (ds_get_bytes_per_pixel(vs->ds) == 1 ||
+        vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel == 1 ||
+        w < VNC_TIGHT_DETECT_MIN_WIDTH || h < VNC_TIGHT_DETECT_MIN_HEIGHT) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (vs->tight_quality != -1) {
+        if (w * h < VNC_TIGHT_JPEG_MIN_RECT_SIZE) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (w * h < tight_conf[compression].gradient_min_rect_size) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel == 4) {
+        if (vs->tight_pixel24) {
+            errors = tight_detect_smooth_image24(vs, w, h);
+            if (vs->tight_quality != -1) {
+                return (errors < tight_conf[quality].jpeg_threshold24);
+            }
+            return (errors < tight_conf[compression].gradient_threshold24);
+        } else {
+            errors = tight_detect_smooth_image32(vs, w, h);
+        }
+    } else {
+        errors = tight_detect_smooth_image16(vs, w, h);
+    }
+    if (quality != -1) {
+        return (errors < tight_conf[quality].jpeg_threshold);
+    }
+    return (errors < tight_conf[compression].gradient_threshold);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Code to determine how many different colors used in rectangle.
+ */
+
+static void tight_palette_rgb2buf(uint32_t rgb, int bpp, uint8_t buf[6])
+{
+    memset(buf, 0, 6);
+
+    if (bpp == 32) {
+        buf[0] = ((rgb >> 24) & 0xFF);
+        buf[1] = ((rgb >> 16) & 0xFF);
+        buf[2] = ((rgb >>  8) & 0xFF);
+        buf[3] = ((rgb >>  0) & 0xFF);
+        buf[4] = ((buf[0] & 1) == 0) << 3 | ((buf[1] & 1) == 0) << 2;
+        buf[4]|= ((buf[2] & 1) == 0) << 1 | ((buf[3] & 1) == 0) << 0;
+        buf[0] |= 1;
+        buf[1] |= 1;
+        buf[2] |= 1;
+        buf[3] |= 1;
+    }
+    if (bpp == 16) {
+        buf[0] = ((rgb >> 8) & 0xFF);
+        buf[1] = ((rgb >> 0) & 0xFF);
+        buf[2] = ((buf[0] & 1) == 0) << 1 | ((buf[1] & 1) == 0) << 0;
+        buf[0] |= 1;
+        buf[1] |= 1;
+    }
+}
+
+static uint32_t tight_palette_buf2rgb(int bpp, const uint8_t *buf)
+{
+    uint32_t rgb = 0;
+
+    if (bpp == 32) {
+        rgb |= ((buf[0] & ~1) | !((buf[4] >> 3) & 1)) << 24;
+        rgb |= ((buf[1] & ~1) | !((buf[4] >> 2) & 1)) << 16;
+        rgb |= ((buf[2] & ~1) | !((buf[4] >> 1) & 1)) <<  8;
+        rgb |= ((buf[3] & ~1) | !((buf[4] >> 0) & 1)) <<  0;
+    }
+    if (bpp == 16) {
+        rgb |= ((buf[0] & ~1) | !((buf[2] >> 1) & 1)) << 8;
+        rgb |= ((buf[1] & ~1) | !((buf[2] >> 0) & 1)) << 0;
+    }
+    return rgb;
+}
+
+
+static int tight_palette_insert(QDict *palette, uint32_t rgb, int bpp, int max)
+{
+    uint8_t key[6];
+    int idx = qdict_size(palette);
+    bool present;
+
+    tight_palette_rgb2buf(rgb, bpp, key);
+    present = qdict_haskey(palette, (char *)key);
+    if (idx >= max && !present) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (!present) {
+        qdict_put(palette, (char *)key, qint_from_int(idx));
+    }
+    return qdict_size(palette);
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_FILL_PALETTE_FUNCTION(bpp)                               \
+                                                                        \
+    static int                                                          \
+    tight_fill_palette##bpp(VncState *vs, int x, int y,                 \
+                            int max, size_t count,                      \
+                            uint32_t *bg, uint32_t *fg,                 \
+                            struct QDict **palette) {                   \
+        uint##bpp##_t *data;                                            \
+        uint##bpp##_t c0, c1, ci;                                       \
+        int i, n0, n1;                                                  \
+                                                                        \
+        data = (uint##bpp##_t *)vs->tight.buffer;                       \
+                                                                        \
+        c0 = data[0];                                                   \
+        i = 1;                                                          \
+        while (i < count && data[i] == c0)                              \
+            i++;                                                        \
+        if (i >= count) {                                               \
+            *bg = *fg = c0;                                             \
+            return 1;                                                   \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        if (max < 2) {                                                  \
+            return 0;                                                   \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        n0 = i;                                                         \
+        c1 = data[i];                                                   \
+        n1 = 0;                                                         \
+        for (i++; i < count; i++) {                                     \
+            ci = data[i];                                               \
+            if (ci == c0) {                                             \
+                n0++;                                                   \
+            } else if (ci == c1) {                                      \
+                n1++;                                                   \
+            } else                                                      \
+                break;                                                  \
+        }                                                               \
+        if (i >= count) {                                               \
+            if (n0 > n1) {                                              \
+                *bg = (uint32_t)c0;                                     \
+                *fg = (uint32_t)c1;                                     \
+            } else {                                                    \
+                *bg = (uint32_t)c1;                                     \
+                *fg = (uint32_t)c0;                                     \
+            }                                                           \
+            return 2;                                                   \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        if (max == 2) {                                                 \
+            return 0;                                                   \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        *palette = qdict_new();                                         \
+        tight_palette_insert(*palette, c0, bpp, max);                   \
+        tight_palette_insert(*palette, c1, bpp, max);                   \
+        tight_palette_insert(*palette, ci, bpp, max);                   \
+                                                                        \
+        for (i++; i < count; i++) {                                     \
+            if (data[i] == ci) {                                        \
+                continue;                                               \
+            } else {                                                    \
+                if (!tight_palette_insert(*palette, (uint32_t)ci,       \
+                                          bpp, max)) {                  \
+                    return 0;                                           \
+                }                                                       \
+                ci = data[i];                                           \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        return qdict_size(*palette);                                    \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_FILL_PALETTE_FUNCTION(8)
+DEFINE_FILL_PALETTE_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_FILL_PALETTE_FUNCTION(32)
+
+static int tight_fill_palette(VncState *vs, int x, int y,
+                              size_t count, uint32_t *bg, uint32_t *fg,
+                              struct QDict **palette)
+{
+    int max;
+
+    max = count / tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].idx_max_colors_divisor;
+    if (max < 2 &&
+        count >= tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].mono_min_rect_size) {
+        max = 2;
+    }
+    if (max >= 256) {
+        max = 256;
+    }
+
+    switch(vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel) {
+    case 4:
+        return tight_fill_palette32(vs, x, y, max, count, bg, fg, palette);
+    case 2:
+        return tight_fill_palette16(vs, x, y, max, count, bg, fg, palette);
+    default:
+        max = 2;
+        return tight_fill_palette8(vs, x, y, max, count, bg, fg, palette);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Callback to dump a palette with qdict_iter
+static void print_palette(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
+{
+    uint8_t idx = qint_get_int(qobject_to_qint(obj));
+    uint32_t rgb = tight_palette_buf2rgb(32, (uint8_t *)key);
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "%.2x ", (unsigned char)*key);
+    while (*key++)
+        fprintf(stderr, "%.2x ", (unsigned char)*key);
+
+    fprintf(stderr, ": idx: %x rgb: %x\n", idx, rgb);
+}
+*/
+
+/*
+ * Converting truecolor samples into palette indices.
+ */
+#define DEFINE_IDX_ENCODE_FUNCTION(bpp)                                 \
+                                                                        \
+    static void                                                         \
+    tight_encode_indexed_rect##bpp(uint8_t *buf, int count,             \
+                                   struct QDict *palette) {             \
+        uint##bpp##_t *src;                                             \
+        uint##bpp##_t rgb;                                              \
+        uint8_t key[6];                                                 \
+        int i, rep;                                                     \
+        uint8_t idx;                                                    \
+                                                                        \
+        src = (uint##bpp##_t *) buf;                                    \
+                                                                        \
+        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {                                   \
+            rgb = *src++;                                               \
+            rep = 0;                                                    \
+            while (i < count && *src == rgb) {                          \
+                rep++, src++, i++;                                      \
+            }                                                           \
+            tight_palette_rgb2buf(rgb, bpp, key);                       \
+            if (!qdict_haskey(palette, (char *)key)) {                  \
+                /*                                                      \
+                 * Should never happen, but don't break everything      \
+                 * if it does, use the first color instead              \
+                 */                                                     \
+                idx = 0;                                                \
+            } else {                                                    \
+                idx = qdict_get_int(palette, (char *)key);              \
+            }                                                           \
+            while (rep >= 0) {                                          \
+                *buf++ = idx;                                           \
+                rep--;                                                  \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_IDX_ENCODE_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_IDX_ENCODE_FUNCTION(32)
+
+#define DEFINE_MONO_ENCODE_FUNCTION(bpp)                                \
+                                                                        \
+    static void                                                         \
+    tight_encode_mono_rect##bpp(uint8_t *buf, int w, int h,             \
+                                uint##bpp##_t bg, uint##bpp##_t fg) {   \
+        uint##bpp##_t *ptr;                                             \
+        unsigned int value, mask;                                       \
+        int aligned_width;                                              \
+        int x, y, bg_bits;                                              \
+                                                                        \
+        ptr = (uint##bpp##_t *) buf;                                    \
+        aligned_width = w - w % 8;                                      \
+                                                                        \
+        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {                                       \
+            for (x = 0; x < aligned_width; x += 8) {                    \
+                for (bg_bits = 0; bg_bits < 8; bg_bits++) {             \
+                    if (*ptr++ != bg) {                                 \
+                        break;                                          \
+                    }                                                   \
+                }                                                       \
+                if (bg_bits == 8) {                                     \
+                    *buf++ = 0;                                         \
+                    continue;                                           \
+                }                                                       \
+                mask = 0x80 >> bg_bits;                                 \
+                value = mask;                                           \
+                for (bg_bits++; bg_bits < 8; bg_bits++) {               \
+                    mask >>= 1;                                         \
+                    if (*ptr++ != bg) {                                 \
+                        value |= mask;                                  \
+                    }                                                   \
+                }                                                       \
+                *buf++ = (uint8_t)value;                                \
+            }                                                           \
+                                                                        \
+            mask = 0x80;                                                \
+            value = 0;                                                  \
+            if (x >= w) {                                               \
+                continue;                                               \
+            }                                                           \
+                                                                        \
+            for (; x < w; x++) {                                        \
+                if (*ptr++ != bg) {                                     \
+                    value |= mask;                                      \
+                }                                                       \
+                mask >>= 1;                                             \
+            }                                                           \
+            *buf++ = (uint8_t)value;                                    \
+        }                                                               \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_MONO_ENCODE_FUNCTION(8)
+DEFINE_MONO_ENCODE_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_MONO_ENCODE_FUNCTION(32)
+
+/*
+ * ``Gradient'' filter for 24-bit color samples.
+ * Should be called only when redMax, greenMax and blueMax are 255.
+ * Color components assumed to be byte-aligned.
+ */
+
+static void
+tight_filter_gradient24(VncState *vs, uint8_t *buf, int w, int h)
+{
+    uint32_t *buf32;
+    uint32_t pix32;
+    int shift[3];
+    int *prev;
+    int here[3], upper[3], left[3], upperleft[3];
+    int prediction;
+    int x, y, c;
+
+    buf32 = (uint32_t *)buf;
+    memset(vs->tight_gradient.buffer, 0, w * 3 * sizeof(int));
+
+    if ((vs->clientds.flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG) ==
+        (vs->ds->surface->flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG)) {
+        shift[0] = vs->clientds.pf.rshift;
+        shift[1] = vs->clientds.pf.gshift;
+        shift[2] = vs->clientds.pf.bshift;
+    } else {
+        shift[0] = 24 - vs->clientds.pf.rshift;
+        shift[1] = 24 - vs->clientds.pf.gshift;
+        shift[2] = 24 - vs->clientds.pf.bshift;
+    }
+
+    for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
+        for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {
+            upper[c] = 0;
+            here[c] = 0;
+        }
+        prev = (int *)vs->tight_gradient.buffer;
+        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
+            pix32 = *buf32++;
+            for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {
+                upperleft[c] = upper[c];
+                left[c] = here[c];
+                upper[c] = *prev;
+                here[c] = (int)(pix32 >> shift[c] & 0xFF);
+                *prev++ = here[c];
+
+                prediction = left[c] + upper[c] - upperleft[c];
+                if (prediction < 0) {
+                    prediction = 0;
+                } else if (prediction > 0xFF) {
+                    prediction = 0xFF;
+                }
+                *buf++ = (char)(here[c] - prediction);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * ``Gradient'' filter for other color depths.
+ */
+
+#define DEFINE_GRADIENT_FILTER_FUNCTION(bpp)                            \
+                                                                        \
+    static void                                                         \
+    tight_filter_gradient##bpp(VncState *vs, uint##bpp##_t *buf,        \
+                               int w, int h) {                          \
+        uint##bpp##_t pix, diff;                                        \
+        bool endian;                                                    \
+        int *prev;                                                      \
+        int max[3], shift[3];                                           \
+        int here[3], upper[3], left[3], upperleft[3];                   \
+        int prediction;                                                 \
+        int x, y, c;                                                    \
+                                                                        \
+        memset (vs->tight_gradient.buffer, 0, w * 3 * sizeof(int));     \
+                                                                        \
+        endian = ((vs->clientds.flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG) !=        \
+                  (vs->ds->surface->flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG));     \
+                                                                        \
+        max[0] = vs->clientds.pf.rmax;                                  \
+        max[1] = vs->clientds.pf.gmax;                                  \
+        max[2] = vs->clientds.pf.bmax;                                  \
+        shift[0] = vs->clientds.pf.rshift;                              \
+        shift[1] = vs->clientds.pf.gshift;                              \
+        shift[2] = vs->clientds.pf.bshift;                              \
+                                                                        \
+        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {                                       \
+            for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {                                   \
+                upper[c] = 0;                                           \
+                here[c] = 0;                                            \
+            }                                                           \
+            prev = (int *)vs->tight_gradient.buffer;                    \
+            for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {                                   \
+                pix = *buf;                                             \
+                if (endian) {                                           \
+                    pix = bswap_##bpp(pix);                             \
+                }                                                       \
+                diff = 0;                                               \
+                for (c = 0; c < 3; c++) {                               \
+                    upperleft[c] = upper[c];                            \
+                    left[c] = here[c];                                  \
+                    upper[c] = *prev;                                   \
+                    here[c] = (int)(pix >> shift[c] & max[c]);          \
+                    *prev++ = here[c];                                  \
+                                                                        \
+                    prediction = left[c] + upper[c] - upperleft[c];     \
+                    if (prediction < 0) {                               \
+                        prediction = 0;                                 \
+                    } else if (prediction > max[c]) {                   \
+                        prediction = max[c];                            \
+                    }                                                   \
+                    diff |= ((here[c] - prediction) & max[c])           \
+                        << shift[c];                                    \
+                }                                                       \
+                if (endian) {                                           \
+                    diff = bswap_##bpp(diff);                           \
+                }                                                       \
+                *buf++ = diff;                                          \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_GRADIENT_FILTER_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_GRADIENT_FILTER_FUNCTION(32)
+
+/*
+ * Check if a rectangle is all of the same color. If needSameColor is
+ * set to non-zero, then also check that its color equals to the
+ * *colorPtr value. The result is 1 if the test is successfull, and in
+ * that case new color will be stored in *colorPtr.
+ */
+
+#define DEFINE_CHECK_SOLID_FUNCTION(bpp)                                \
+                                                                        \
+    static bool                                                         \
+    check_solid_tile##bpp(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h,     \
+                          uint32_t* color, bool samecolor)              \
+    {                                                                   \
+        VncDisplay *vd = vs->vd;                                        \
+        uint##bpp##_t *fbptr;                                           \
+        uint##bpp##_t c;                                                \
+        int dx, dy;                                                     \
+                                                                        \
+        fbptr = (uint##bpp##_t *)                                       \
+            (vd->server->data + y * ds_get_linesize(vs->ds) +           \
+             x * ds_get_bytes_per_pixel(vs->ds));                       \
+                                                                        \
+        c = *fbptr;                                                     \
+        if (samecolor && (uint32_t)c != *color) {                       \
+            return false;                                               \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        for (dy = 0; dy < h; dy++) {                                    \
+            for (dx = 0; dx < w; dx++) {                                \
+                if (c != fbptr[dx]) {                                   \
+                    return false;                                       \
+                }                                                       \
+            }                                                           \
+            fbptr = (uint##bpp##_t *)                                   \
+                ((uint8_t *)fbptr + ds_get_linesize(vs->ds));           \
+        }                                                               \
+                                                                        \
+        *color = (uint32_t)c;                                           \
+        return true;                                                    \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_CHECK_SOLID_FUNCTION(32)
+DEFINE_CHECK_SOLID_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_CHECK_SOLID_FUNCTION(8)
+
+static bool check_solid_tile(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h,
+                             uint32_t* color, bool samecolor)
+{
+    VncDisplay *vd = vs->vd;
+
+    switch(vd->server->pf.bytes_per_pixel) {
+    case 4:
+        return check_solid_tile32(vs, x, y, w, h, color, samecolor);
+    case 2:
+        return check_solid_tile16(vs, x, y, w, h, color, samecolor);
+    default:
+        return check_solid_tile8(vs, x, y, w, h, color, samecolor);
+    }
+}
+
+static void find_best_solid_area(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h,
+                                 uint32_t color, int *w_ptr, int *h_ptr)
+{
+    int dx, dy, dw, dh;
+    int w_prev;
+    int w_best = 0, h_best = 0;
+
+    w_prev = w;
+
+    for (dy = y; dy < y + h; dy += VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE) {
+
+        dh = MIN(VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE, y + h - dy);
+        dw = MIN(VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE, w_prev);
+
+        if (!check_solid_tile(vs, x, dy, dw, dh, &color, true)) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        for (dx = x + dw; dx < x + w_prev;) {
+            dw = MIN(VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE, x + w_prev - dx);
+
+            if (!check_solid_tile(vs, dx, dy, dw, dh, &color, true)) {
+                break;
+            }
+            dx += dw;
+        }
+
+        w_prev = dx - x;
+        if (w_prev * (dy + dh - y) > w_best * h_best) {
+            w_best = w_prev;
+            h_best = dy + dh - y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *w_ptr = w_best;
+    *h_ptr = h_best;
+}
+
+static void extend_solid_area(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h,
+                              uint32_t color, int *x_ptr, int *y_ptr,
+                              int *w_ptr, int *h_ptr)
+{
+    int cx, cy;
+
+    /* Try to extend the area upwards. */
+    for ( cy = *y_ptr - 1;
+          cy >= y && check_solid_tile(vs, *x_ptr, cy, *w_ptr, 1, &color, true);
+          cy-- );
+    *h_ptr += *y_ptr - (cy + 1);
+    *y_ptr = cy + 1;
+
+    /* ... downwards. */
+    for ( cy = *y_ptr + *h_ptr;
+          cy < y + h &&
+              check_solid_tile(vs, *x_ptr, cy, *w_ptr, 1, &color, true);
+          cy++ );
+    *h_ptr += cy - (*y_ptr + *h_ptr);
+
+    /* ... to the left. */
+    for ( cx = *x_ptr - 1;
+          cx >= x && check_solid_tile(vs, cx, *y_ptr, 1, *h_ptr, &color, true);
+          cx-- );
+    *w_ptr += *x_ptr - (cx + 1);
+    *x_ptr = cx + 1;
+
+    /* ... to the right. */
+    for ( cx = *x_ptr + *w_ptr;
+          cx < x + w &&
+              check_solid_tile(vs, cx, *y_ptr, 1, *h_ptr, &color, true);
+          cx++ );
+    *w_ptr += cx - (*x_ptr + *w_ptr);
+}
+
+static int tight_init_stream(VncState *vs, int stream_id,
+                             int level, int strategy)
+{
+    z_streamp zstream = &vs->tight_stream[stream_id];
+
+    if (zstream->opaque == NULL) {
+        int err;
+
+        VNC_DEBUG("VNC: TIGHT: initializing zlib stream %d\n", stream_id);
+        VNC_DEBUG("VNC: TIGHT: opaque = %p | vs = %p\n", zstream->opaque, vs);
+        zstream->zalloc = vnc_zlib_zalloc;
+        zstream->zfree = vnc_zlib_zfree;
+
+        err = deflateInit2(zstream, level, Z_DEFLATED, MAX_WBITS,
+                           MAX_MEM_LEVEL, strategy);
+
+        if (err != Z_OK) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "VNC: error initializing zlib\n");
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        vs->tight_levels[stream_id] = level;
+        zstream->opaque = vs;
+    }
+
+    if (vs->tight_levels[stream_id] != level) {
+        if (deflateParams(zstream, level, strategy) != Z_OK) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        vs->tight_levels[stream_id] = level;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void tight_send_compact_size(VncState *vs, size_t len)
+{
+    int lpc = 0;
+    int bytes = 0;
+    char buf[3] = {0, 0, 0};
+
+    buf[bytes++] = len & 0x7F;
+    if (len > 0x7F) {
+        buf[bytes-1] |= 0x80;
+        buf[bytes++] = (len >> 7) & 0x7F;
+        if (len > 0x3FFF) {
+            buf[bytes-1] |= 0x80;
+            buf[bytes++] = (len >> 14) & 0xFF;
+        }
+    }
+    for (lpc = 0; lpc < bytes; lpc++) {
+        vnc_write_u8(vs, buf[lpc]);
+    }
+}
+
+static int tight_compress_data(VncState *vs, int stream_id, size_t bytes,
+                               int level, int strategy)
+{
+    z_streamp zstream = &vs->tight_stream[stream_id];
+    int previous_out;
+
+    if (bytes < VNC_TIGHT_MIN_TO_COMPRESS) {
+        vnc_write(vs, vs->tight.buffer, vs->tight.offset);
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    if (tight_init_stream(vs, stream_id, level, strategy)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* reserve memory in output buffer */
+    buffer_reserve(&vs->tight_zlib, bytes + 64);
+
+    /* set pointers */
+    zstream->next_in = vs->tight.buffer;
+    zstream->avail_in = vs->tight.offset;
+    zstream->next_out = vs->tight_zlib.buffer + vs->tight_zlib.offset;
+    zstream->avail_out = vs->tight_zlib.capacity - vs->tight_zlib.offset;
+    zstream->data_type = Z_BINARY;
+    previous_out = zstream->total_out;
+
+    /* start encoding */
+    if (deflate(zstream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH) != Z_OK) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "VNC: error during tight compression\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    vs->tight_zlib.offset = vs->tight_zlib.capacity - zstream->avail_out;
+    bytes = zstream->total_out - previous_out;
+
+    tight_send_compact_size(vs, bytes);
+    vnc_write(vs, vs->tight_zlib.buffer, bytes);
+
+    buffer_reset(&vs->tight_zlib);
+
+    return bytes;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Subencoding implementations.
+ */
+static void tight_pack24(VncState *vs, uint8_t *buf, size_t count, size_t *ret)
+{
+    uint32_t *buf32;
+    uint32_t pix;
+    int rshift, gshift, bshift;
+
+    buf32 = (uint32_t *)buf;
+
+    if ((vs->clientds.flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG) ==
+        (vs->ds->surface->flags & QEMU_BIG_ENDIAN_FLAG)) {
+        rshift = vs->clientds.pf.rshift;
+        gshift = vs->clientds.pf.gshift;
+        bshift = vs->clientds.pf.bshift;
+    } else {
+        rshift = 24 - vs->clientds.pf.rshift;
+        gshift = 24 - vs->clientds.pf.gshift;
+        bshift = 24 - vs->clientds.pf.bshift;
+    }
+
+    if (ret) {
+        *ret = count * 3;
+    }
+
+    while (count--) {
+        pix = *buf32++;
+        *buf++ = (char)(pix >> rshift);
+        *buf++ = (char)(pix >> gshift);
+        *buf++ = (char)(pix >> bshift);
+    }
+}
+
+static int send_full_color_rect(VncState *vs, int w, int h)
+{
+    int stream = 0;
+    size_t bytes;
+
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, stream << 4); /* no flushing, no filter */
+
+    if (vs->tight_pixel24) {
+        tight_pack24(vs, vs->tight.buffer, w * h, &vs->tight.offset);
+        bytes = 3;
+    } else {
+        bytes = vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel;
+    }
+
+    bytes = tight_compress_data(vs, stream, w * h * bytes,
+                                tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].raw_zlib_level,
+                                Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+
+    return (bytes >= 0);
+}
+
+static int send_solid_rect(VncState *vs)
+{
+    size_t bytes;
+
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, VNC_TIGHT_FILL << 4); /* no flushing, no filter */
+
+    if (vs->tight_pixel24) {
+        tight_pack24(vs, vs->tight.buffer, 1, &vs->tight.offset);
+        bytes = 3;
+    } else {
+        bytes = vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel;
+    }
+
+    vnc_write(vs, vs->tight.buffer, bytes);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int send_mono_rect(VncState *vs, int w, int h, uint32_t bg, uint32_t fg)
+{
+    size_t bytes;
+    int stream = 1;
+    int level = tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].mono_zlib_level;
+
+    bytes = ((w + 7) / 8) * h;
+
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, (stream | VNC_TIGHT_EXPLICIT_FILTER) << 4);
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, VNC_TIGHT_FILTER_PALETTE);
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, 1);
+
+    switch(vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel) {
+    case 4:
+    {
+        uint32_t buf[2] = {bg, fg};
+        size_t ret = sizeof (buf);
+
+        if (vs->tight_pixel24) {
+            tight_pack24(vs, (unsigned char*)buf, 2, &ret);
+        }
+        vnc_write(vs, buf, ret);
+
+        tight_encode_mono_rect32(vs->tight.buffer, w, h, bg, fg);
+        break;
+    }
+    case 2:
+        vnc_write(vs, &bg, 2);
+        vnc_write(vs, &fg, 2);
+        tight_encode_mono_rect16(vs->tight.buffer, w, h, bg, fg);
+        break;
+    default:
+        vnc_write_u8(vs, bg);
+        vnc_write_u8(vs, fg);
+        tight_encode_mono_rect8(vs->tight.buffer, w, h, bg, fg);
+        break;
+    }
+    vs->tight.offset = bytes;
+
+    bytes = tight_compress_data(vs, stream, bytes, level, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+    return (bytes >= 0);
+}
+
+struct palette_cb_priv {
+    VncState *vs;
+    uint8_t *header;
+};
+
+static void write_palette(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
+{
+    struct palette_cb_priv *priv = opaque;
+    VncState *vs = priv->vs;
+    uint32_t bytes = vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel;
+    uint8_t idx = qint_get_int(qobject_to_qint(obj));
+
+    if (bytes == 4) {
+        uint32_t color = tight_palette_buf2rgb(32, (uint8_t *)key);
+
+        ((uint32_t*)priv->header)[idx] = color;
+    } else {
+        uint16_t color = tight_palette_buf2rgb(16, (uint8_t *)key);
+
+        ((uint16_t*)priv->header)[idx] = color;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool send_gradient_rect(VncState *vs, int w, int h)
+{
+    int stream = 3;
+    int level = tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].gradient_zlib_level;
+    size_t bytes;
+
+    if (vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel == 1)
+        return send_full_color_rect(vs, w, h);
+
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, (stream | VNC_TIGHT_EXPLICIT_FILTER) << 4);
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, VNC_TIGHT_FILTER_GRADIENT);
+
+    buffer_reserve(&vs->tight_gradient, w * 3 * sizeof (int));
+
+    if (vs->tight_pixel24) {
+        tight_filter_gradient24(vs, vs->tight.buffer, w, h);
+        bytes = 3;
+    } else if (vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel == 4) {
+        tight_filter_gradient32(vs, (uint32_t *)vs->tight.buffer, w, h);
+        bytes = 4;
+    } else {
+        tight_filter_gradient16(vs, (uint16_t *)vs->tight.buffer, w, h);
+        bytes = 2;
+    }
+
+    buffer_reset(&vs->tight_gradient);
+
+    bytes = w * h * bytes;
+    vs->tight.offset = bytes;
+
+    bytes = tight_compress_data(vs, stream, bytes,
+                                level, Z_FILTERED);
+    return (bytes >= 0);
+}
+
+static int send_palette_rect(VncState *vs, int w, int h, struct QDict *palette)
+{
+    int stream = 2;
+    int level = tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].idx_zlib_level;
+    int colors;
+    size_t bytes;
+
+    colors = qdict_size(palette);
+
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, (stream | VNC_TIGHT_EXPLICIT_FILTER) << 4);
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, VNC_TIGHT_FILTER_PALETTE);
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, colors - 1);
+
+    switch(vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel) {
+    case 4:
+    {
+        size_t old_offset, offset;
+        uint32_t header[qdict_size(palette)];
+        struct palette_cb_priv priv = { vs, (uint8_t *)header };
+
+        old_offset = vs->output.offset;
+        qdict_iter(palette, write_palette, &priv);
+        vnc_write(vs, header, sizeof(header));
+
+        if (vs->tight_pixel24) {
+            tight_pack24(vs, vs->output.buffer + old_offset, colors, &offset);
+            vs->output.offset = old_offset + offset;
+        }
+
+        tight_encode_indexed_rect32(vs->tight.buffer, w * h, palette);
+        break;
+    }
+    case 2:
+    {
+        uint16_t header[qdict_size(palette)];
+        struct palette_cb_priv priv = { vs, (uint8_t *)header };
+
+        qdict_iter(palette, write_palette, &priv);
+        vnc_write(vs, header, sizeof(header));
+        tight_encode_indexed_rect16(vs->tight.buffer, w * h, palette);
+        break;
+    }
+    default:
+        return -1; /* No palette for 8bits colors */
+        break;
+    }
+    bytes = w * h;
+    vs->tight.offset = bytes;
+
+    bytes = tight_compress_data(vs, stream, bytes,
+                                level, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+    return (bytes >= 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * JPEG compression stuff.
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC_JPEG
+static void jpeg_prepare_row24(VncState *vs, uint8_t *dst, int x, int y,
+                                     int count)
+{
+    VncDisplay *vd = vs->vd;
+    uint32_t *fbptr;
+    uint32_t pix;
+
+    fbptr = (uint32_t *)(vd->server->data + y * ds_get_linesize(vs->ds) +
+                         x * ds_get_bytes_per_pixel(vs->ds));
+
+    while (count--) {
+        pix = *fbptr++;
+        *dst++ = (uint8_t)(pix >> vs->ds->surface->pf.rshift);
+        *dst++ = (uint8_t)(pix >> vs->ds->surface->pf.gshift);
+        *dst++ = (uint8_t)(pix >> vs->ds->surface->pf.bshift);
+    }
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_JPEG_GET_ROW_FUNCTION(bpp)                               \
+                                                                        \
+    static void                                                         \
+    jpeg_prepare_row##bpp(VncState *vs, uint8_t *dst,                   \
+                                int x, int y, int count)                \
+    {                                                                   \
+        VncDisplay *vd = vs->vd;                                        \
+        uint##bpp##_t *fbptr;                                           \
+        uint##bpp##_t pix;                                              \
+        int r, g, b;                                                    \
+                                                                        \
+        fbptr = (uint##bpp##_t *)                                       \
+            (vd->server->data + y * ds_get_linesize(vs->ds) +           \
+             x * ds_get_bytes_per_pixel(vs->ds));                       \
+                                                                        \
+        while (count--) {                                               \
+            pix = *fbptr++;                                             \
+                                                                        \
+            r = (int)((pix >> vs->ds->surface->pf.rshift)               \
+                      & vs->ds->surface->pf.rmax);                      \
+            g = (int)((pix >> vs->ds->surface->pf.gshift)               \
+                      & vs->ds->surface->pf.gmax);                      \
+            b = (int)((pix >> vs->ds->surface->pf.bshift)               \
+                      & vs->ds->surface->pf.bmax);                      \
+                                                                        \
+            *dst++ = (uint8_t)((r * 255 + vs->ds->surface->pf.rmax / 2) \
+                               / vs->ds->surface->pf.rmax);             \
+            *dst++ = (uint8_t)((g * 255 + vs->ds->surface->pf.gmax / 2) \
+                               / vs->ds->surface->pf.gmax);             \
+            *dst++ = (uint8_t)((b * 255 + vs->ds->surface->pf.bmax / 2) \
+                               / vs->ds->surface->pf.bmax);             \
+        }                                                               \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_JPEG_GET_ROW_FUNCTION(16)
+DEFINE_JPEG_GET_ROW_FUNCTION(32)
+
+static void jpeg_prepare_row(VncState *vs, uint8_t *dst, int x, int y,
+                                       int count)
+{
+    if (vs->tight_pixel24)
+        jpeg_prepare_row24(vs, dst, x, y, count);
+    else if (ds_get_bytes_per_pixel(vs->ds) == 4)
+        jpeg_prepare_row32(vs, dst, x, y, count);
+    else
+        jpeg_prepare_row16(vs, dst, x, y, count);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Destination manager implementation for JPEG library.
+ */
+
+/* This is called once per encoding */
+static void jpeg_init_destination(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
+{
+    VncState *vs = cinfo->client_data;
+    Buffer *buffer = &vs->tight_jpeg;
+
+    cinfo->dest->next_output_byte = (JOCTET *)buffer->buffer + buffer->offset;
+    cinfo->dest->free_in_buffer = (size_t)(buffer->capacity - buffer->offset);
+}
+
+/* This is called when we ran out of buffer (shouldn't happen!) */
+static boolean jpeg_empty_output_buffer(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
+{
+    VncState *vs = cinfo->client_data;
+    Buffer *buffer = &vs->tight_jpeg;
+
+    buffer->offset = buffer->capacity;
+    buffer_reserve(buffer, 2048);
+    jpeg_init_destination(cinfo);
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/* This is called when we are done processing data */
+static void jpeg_term_destination(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
+{
+    VncState *vs = cinfo->client_data;
+    Buffer *buffer = &vs->tight_jpeg;
+
+    buffer->offset = buffer->capacity - cinfo->dest->free_in_buffer;
+}
+
+static int send_jpeg_rect(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h, int quality)
+{
+    struct jpeg_compress_struct cinfo;
+    struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
+    struct jpeg_destination_mgr manager;
+    JSAMPROW row[1];
+    uint8_t *buf;
+    int dy;
+
+    if (ds_get_bytes_per_pixel(vs->ds) == 1)
+        return send_full_color_rect(vs, w, h);
+
+    buf = qemu_malloc(w * 3);
+    row[0] = buf;
+    buffer_reserve(&vs->tight_jpeg, 2048);
+
+    cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
+    jpeg_create_compress(&cinfo);
+
+    cinfo.client_data = vs;
+    cinfo.image_width = w;
+    cinfo.image_height = h;
+    cinfo.input_components = 3;
+    cinfo.in_color_space = JCS_RGB;
+
+    jpeg_set_defaults(&cinfo);
+    jpeg_set_quality(&cinfo, quality, true);
+
+    manager.init_destination = jpeg_init_destination;
+    manager.empty_output_buffer = jpeg_empty_output_buffer;
+    manager.term_destination = jpeg_term_destination;
+    cinfo.dest = &manager;
+
+    jpeg_start_compress(&cinfo, true);
+
+    for (dy = 0; dy < h; dy++) {
+        jpeg_prepare_row(vs, buf, x, y + dy, w);
+        jpeg_write_scanlines(&cinfo, row, 1);
+    }
+
+    jpeg_finish_compress(&cinfo);
+    jpeg_destroy_compress(&cinfo);
+
+    vnc_write_u8(vs, VNC_TIGHT_JPEG << 4);
+
+    tight_send_compact_size(vs, vs->tight_jpeg.offset);
+    vnc_write(vs, vs->tight_jpeg.buffer, vs->tight_jpeg.offset);
+    buffer_reset(&vs->tight_jpeg);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_VNC_JPEG */
+
+static void vnc_tight_start(VncState *vs)
+{
+    buffer_reset(&vs->tight);
+
+    // make the output buffer be the zlib buffer, so we can compress it later
+    vs->tight_tmp = vs->output;
+    vs->output = vs->tight;
+}
+
+static void vnc_tight_stop(VncState *vs)
+{
+    // switch back to normal output/zlib buffers
+    vs->tight = vs->output;
+    vs->output = vs->tight_tmp;
+}
+
+static int send_sub_rect(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h)
+{
+    struct QDict *palette = NULL;
+    uint32_t bg = 0, fg = 0;
+    int colors;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    vnc_framebuffer_update(vs, x, y, w, h, VNC_ENCODING_TIGHT);
+
+    vnc_tight_start(vs);
+    vnc_raw_send_framebuffer_update(vs, x, y, w, h);
+    vnc_tight_stop(vs);
+
+    colors = tight_fill_palette(vs, x, y, w * h, &fg, &bg, &palette);
+
+    if (colors == 0) {
+        if (tight_detect_smooth_image(vs, w, h)) {
+            if (vs->tight_quality == -1) {
+                ret = send_gradient_rect(vs, w, h);
+            } else {
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC_JPEG
+                int quality = tight_conf[vs->tight_quality].jpeg_quality;
+
+                ret = send_jpeg_rect(vs, x, y, w, h, quality);
+#else
+                ret = send_full_color_rect(vs, w, h);
+#endif
+            }
+        } else {
+            ret = send_full_color_rect(vs, w, h);
+        }
+    } else if (colors == 1) {
+        ret = send_solid_rect(vs);
+    } else if (colors == 2) {
+        ret = send_mono_rect(vs, w, h, bg, fg);
+    } else if (colors <= 256) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC_JPEG
+        if (colors > 96 && vs->tight_quality != -1 && vs->tight_quality <= 3 &&
+            tight_detect_smooth_image(vs, w, h)) {
+            int quality = tight_conf[vs->tight_quality].jpeg_quality;
+
+            ret = send_jpeg_rect(vs, x, y, w, h, quality);
+        } else {
+            ret = send_palette_rect(vs, w, h, palette);
+        }
+#else
+        ret = send_palette_rect(vs, w, h, palette);
+#endif
+    }
+    QDECREF(palette);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int send_sub_rect_solid(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h)
+{
+    vnc_framebuffer_update(vs, x, y, w, h, VNC_ENCODING_TIGHT);
+
+    vnc_tight_start(vs);
+    vnc_raw_send_framebuffer_update(vs, x, y, w, h);
+    vnc_tight_stop(vs);
+
+    return send_solid_rect(vs);
+}
+
+static int send_rect_simple(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h)
+{
+    int max_size, max_width;
+    int max_sub_width, max_sub_height;
+    int dx, dy;
+    int rw, rh;
+    int n = 0;
+
+    max_size = tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].max_rect_size;
+    max_width = tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].max_rect_width;
+
+    if (w > max_width || w * h > max_size) {
+        max_sub_width = (w > max_width) ? max_width : w;
+        max_sub_height = max_size / max_sub_width;
+
+        for (dy = 0; dy < h; dy += max_sub_height) {
+            for (dx = 0; dx < w; dx += max_width) {
+                rw = MIN(max_sub_width, w - dx);
+                rh = MIN(max_sub_height, h - dy);
+                n += send_sub_rect(vs, x+dx, y+dy, rw, rh);
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        n += send_sub_rect(vs, x, y, w, h);
+    }
+
+    return n;
+}
+
+static int find_large_solid_color_rect(VncState *vs, int x, int y,
+                                       int w, int h, int max_rows)
+{
+    int dx, dy, dw, dh;
+    int n = 0;
+
+    /* Try to find large solid-color areas and send them separately. */
+
+    for (dy = y; dy < y + h; dy += VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE) {
+
+        /* If a rectangle becomes too large, send its upper part now. */
+
+        if (dy - y >= max_rows) {
+            n += send_rect_simple(vs, x, y, w, max_rows);
+            y += max_rows;
+            h -= max_rows;
+        }
+
+        dh = MIN(VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE, (y + h - dy));
+
+        for (dx = x; dx < x + w; dx += VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE) {
+            uint32_t color_value;
+            int x_best, y_best, w_best, h_best;
+
+            dw = MIN(VNC_TIGHT_MAX_SPLIT_TILE_SIZE, (x + w - dx));
+
+            if (!check_solid_tile(vs, dx, dy, dw, dh, &color_value, false)) {
+                continue ;
+            }
+
+            /* Get dimensions of solid-color area. */
+
+            find_best_solid_area(vs, dx, dy, w - (dx - x), h - (dy - y),
+                                 color_value, &w_best, &h_best);
+
+            /* Make sure a solid rectangle is large enough
+               (or the whole rectangle is of the same color). */
+
+            if (w_best * h_best != w * h &&
+                w_best * h_best < VNC_TIGHT_MIN_SOLID_SUBRECT_SIZE) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /* Try to extend solid rectangle to maximum size. */
+
+            x_best = dx; y_best = dy;
+            extend_solid_area(vs, x, y, w, h, color_value,
+                              &x_best, &y_best, &w_best, &h_best);
+
+            /* Send rectangles at top and left to solid-color area. */
+
+            if (y_best != y) {
+                n += send_rect_simple(vs, x, y, w, y_best-y);
+            }
+            if (x_best != x) {
+                n += vnc_tight_send_framebuffer_update(vs, x, y_best,
+                                                       x_best-x, h_best);
+            }
+
+            /* Send solid-color rectangle. */
+            n += send_sub_rect_solid(vs, x_best, y_best, w_best, h_best);
+
+            /* Send remaining rectangles (at right and bottom). */
+
+            if (x_best + w_best != x + w) {
+                n += vnc_tight_send_framebuffer_update(vs, x_best+w_best,
+                                                       y_best,
+                                                       w-(x_best-x)-w_best,
+                                                       h_best);
+            }
+            if (y_best + h_best != y + h) {
+                n += vnc_tight_send_framebuffer_update(vs, x, y_best+h_best,
+                                                       w, h-(y_best-y)-h_best);
+            }
+
+            /* Return after all recursive calls are done. */
+            return n;
+        }
+    }
+    return n + send_rect_simple(vs, x, y, w, h);
+}
+
+int vnc_tight_send_framebuffer_update(VncState *vs, int x, int y,
+                                      int w, int h)
+{
+    int max_rows;
+
+    if (vs->clientds.pf.bytes_per_pixel == 4 && vs->clientds.pf.rmax == 0xFF &&
+        vs->clientds.pf.bmax == 0xFF && vs->clientds.pf.gmax == 0xFF) {
+        vs->tight_pixel24 = true;
+    } else {
+        vs->tight_pixel24 = false;
+    }
+
+    if (w * h < VNC_TIGHT_MIN_SPLIT_RECT_SIZE)
+        return send_rect_simple(vs, x, y, w, h);
+
+    /* Calculate maximum number of rows in one non-solid rectangle. */
+
+    max_rows = tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].max_rect_size;
+    max_rows /= MIN(tight_conf[vs->tight_compression].max_rect_width, w);
+
+    return find_large_solid_color_rect(vs, x, y, w, h, max_rows);
+}
+
+void vnc_tight_clear(VncState *vs)
+{
+    int i;
+    for (i=0; i<ARRAY_SIZE(vs->tight_stream); i++) {
+        if (vs->tight_stream[i].opaque) {
+            deflateEnd(&vs->tight_stream[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    buffer_free(&vs->tight);
+    buffer_free(&vs->tight_zlib);
+    buffer_free(&vs->tight_gradient);
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC_JPEG
+    buffer_free(&vs->tight_jpeg);
+#endif
+}