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-.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
-.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
-.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
-.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
-.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\"    without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\"     @(#)regexp.3	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
-.\"
-.Dd June 4, 1993
-.Dt REGEXP 3
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm regcomp ,
-.Nm regexec ,
-.Nm regsub ,
-.Nm regerror
-.Nd regular expression handlers
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Fd #include <regexp.h>
-.Ft regexp *
-.Fn regcomp "const char *exp"
-.Ft int
-.Fn regexec "const regexp *prog" "const char *string"
-.Ft void
-.Fn regsub "const regexp *prog" "const char *source" "char *dest"
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Bf -symbolic
-This interface is made obsolete by
-.Xr regex 3 .
-It is available from the compatibility library, libcompat.
-.Ef
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn regcomp ,
-.Fn regexec ,
-.Fn regsub ,
-and
-.Fn regerror
-functions
-implement
-.Xr egrep 1 Ns -style
-regular expressions and supporting facilities.
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn regcomp
-function
-compiles a regular expression into a structure of type
-.Xr regexp ,
-and returns a pointer to it.
-The space has been allocated using
-.Xr malloc 3
-and may be released by
-.Xr free .
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn regexec
-function
-matches a
-.Dv NUL Ns -terminated
-.Fa string
-against the compiled regular expression
-in
-.Fa prog .
-It returns 1 for success and 0 for failure, and adjusts the contents of
-.Fa prog Ns 's
-.Em startp
-and
-.Em endp
-(see below) accordingly.
-.Pp
-The members of a
-.Xr regexp
-structure include at least the following (not necessarily in order):
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-char *startp[NSUBEXP];
-char *endp[NSUBEXP];
-.Ed
-.Pp
-where
-.Dv NSUBEXP
-is defined (as 10) in the header file.
-Once a successful
-.Fn regexec
-has been done using the
-.Fn regexp ,
-each
-.Em startp Ns - Em endp
-pair describes one substring
-within the
-.Fa string ,
-with the
-.Em startp
-pointing to the first character of the substring and
-the
-.Em endp
-pointing to the first character following the substring.
-The 0th substring is the substring of
-.Fa string
-that matched the whole
-regular expression.
-The others are those substrings that matched parenthesized expressions
-within the regular expression, with parenthesized expressions numbered
-in left-to-right order of their opening parentheses.
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn regsub
-function
-copies
-.Fa source
-to
-.Fa dest ,
-making substitutions according to the
-most recent
-.Fn regexec
-performed using
-.Fa prog .
-Each instance of `&' in
-.Fa source
-is replaced by the substring
-indicated by
-.Em startp Ns Bq
-and
-.Em endp Ns Bq .
-Each instance of
-.Sq \e Ns Em n ,
-where
-.Em n
-is a digit, is replaced by
-the substring indicated by
-.Em startp Ns Bq Em n
-and
-.Em endp Ns Bq Em n .
-To get a literal `&' or
-.Sq \e Ns Em n
-into
-.Fa dest ,
-prefix it with `\e';
-to get a literal `\e' preceding `&' or
-.Sq \e Ns Em n ,
-prefix it with
-another `\e'.
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn regerror
-function
-is called whenever an error is detected in
-.Fn regcomp ,
-.Fn regexec ,
-or
-.Fn regsub .
-The default
-.Fn regerror
-writes the string
-.Fa msg ,
-with a suitable indicator of origin,
-on the standard
-error output
-and invokes
-.Xr exit 2 .
-The
-.Fn regerror
-function
-can be replaced by the user if other actions are desirable.
-.Sh REGULAR EXPRESSION SYNTAX
-A regular expression is zero or more
-.Em branches ,
-separated by `|'.
-It matches anything that matches one of the branches.
-.Pp
-A branch is zero or more
-.Em pieces ,
-concatenated.
-It matches a match for the first, followed by a match for the second, etc.
-.Pp
-A piece is an
-.Em atom
-possibly followed by `*', `+', or `?'.
-An atom followed by `*' matches a sequence of 0 or more matches of the atom.
-An atom followed by `+' matches a sequence of 1 or more matches of the atom.
-An atom followed by `?' matches a match of the atom, or the null string.
-.Pp
-An atom is a regular expression in parentheses (matching a match for the
-regular expression), a
-.Em range
-(see below), `.'
-(matching any single character), `^' (matching the null string at the
-beginning of the input string), `$' (matching the null string at the
-end of the input string), a `\e' followed by a single character (matching
-that character), or a single character with no other significance
-(matching that character).
-.Pp
-A
-.Em range
-is a sequence of characters enclosed in `[]'.
-It normally matches any single character from the sequence.
-If the sequence begins with `^',
-it matches any single character
-.Em not
-from the rest of the sequence.
-If two characters in the sequence are separated by `\-', this is shorthand
-for the full list of
-.Tn ASCII
-characters between them
-(e.g. `[0-9]' matches any decimal digit).
-To include a literal `]' in the sequence, make it the first character
-(following a possible `^').
-To include a literal `\-', make it the first or last character.
-.Sh AMBIGUITY
-If a regular expression could match two different parts of the input string,
-it will match the one which begins earliest.
-If both begin in the same place but match different lengths, or match
-the same length in different ways, life gets messier, as follows.
-.Pp
-In general, the possibilities in a list of branches are considered in
-left-to-right order, the possibilities for `*', `+', and `?' are
-considered longest-first, nested constructs are considered from the
-outermost in, and concatenated constructs are considered leftmost-first.
-The match that will be chosen is the one that uses the earliest
-possibility in the first choice that has to be made.
-If there is more than one choice, the next will be made in the same manner
-(earliest possibility) subject to the decision on the first choice.
-And so forth.
-.Pp
-For example,
-.Sq Li (ab|a)b*c
-could match
-`abc' in one of two ways.
-The first choice is between `ab' and `a'; since `ab' is earlier, and does
-lead to a successful overall match, it is chosen.
-Since the `b' is already spoken for,
-the `b*' must match its last possibility\(emthe empty string\(emsince
-it must respect the earlier choice.
-.Pp
-In the particular case where no `|'s are present and there is only one
-`*', `+', or `?', the net effect is that the longest possible
-match will be chosen.
-So
-.Sq Li ab* ,
-presented with `xabbbby', will match `abbbb'.
-Note that if
-.Sq Li ab* ,
-is tried against `xabyabbbz', it
-will match `ab' just after `x', due to the begins-earliest rule.
-(In effect, the decision on where to start the match is the first choice
-to be made, hence subsequent choices must respect it even if this leads them
-to less-preferred alternatives.)
-.Sh RETURN VALUES
-The
-.Fn regcomp
-function
-returns
-.Dv NULL
-for a failure
-.Pf ( Fn regerror
-permitting),
-where failures are syntax errors, exceeding implementation limits,
-or applying `+' or `*' to a possibly-null operand.
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr ed 1 ,
-.Xr ex 1 ,
-.Xr expr 1 ,
-.Xr egrep 1 ,
-.Xr fgrep 1 ,
-.Xr grep 1 ,
-.Xr regex 3
-.Sh HISTORY
-Both code and manual page for
-.Fn regcomp ,
-.Fn regexec ,
-.Fn regsub ,
-and
-.Fn regerror
-were written at the University of Toronto
-and appeared in
-.Bx 4.3 tahoe .
-They are intended to be compatible with the Bell V8
-.Xr regexp 3 ,
-but are not derived from Bell code.
-.Sh BUGS
-Empty branches and empty regular expressions are not portable to V8.
-.Pp
-The restriction against
-applying `*' or `+' to a possibly-null operand is an artifact of the
-simplistic implementation.
-.Pp
-Does not support
-.Xr egrep Ns 's
-newline-separated branches;
-neither does the V8
-.Xr regexp 3 ,
-though.
-.Pp
-Due to emphasis on
-compactness and simplicity,
-it's not strikingly fast.
-It does give special attention to handling simple cases quickly.