From f41c80910d631bacdaf39ec6d11272db79c59d38 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ulrich Drepper Date: Sun, 24 Aug 1997 10:55:18 +0000 Subject: Update. 1997-08-24 12:24 Ulrich Drepper * configure.in (INSTALL): Quote `$'. * libc.map: Add __xpg_basename. * csu/Makefile (initfini.s): Disable optimization. * elf/dl-deps.c: Implement handling of DL_FILTER. * elf/dl-load.c (_dl_init_paths): Add error check. * intl/finddomain.c (_nl_find_domain): Correct comment. * intl/localealias.c: Include not . * libio/stdio.h: Make {,v}snprintf available if __USE_BSD. Change extern inline functions to work correctly in C++. * locale/iso-4217.def: Update for more recent ISO 4217 version. * locale/loadlocale.c (_nl_load_locale): Add cast. * manual/message.texi: Finish gettext section. * posix/getopt_init.c: Don't use relative #include path. (__getopt_clean_environment): Change function to take pointer to environment as argument. Optimize generation of test string a bit. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/init-first.c: Call __getopt_clean_environment with additional argument. * poisx/glob.c: Add prototype for next_brace_sub. * sysdeps/generic/dl-sysdep.c: Recognize AT_BASE value on auxiliary vector. * sysdeps/i386/dl-machine.h (elf_machine_load_address): Rewrite to not generate relocation entry. Suggested by Richard Henderson. (ELF_MACHINE_BEFORE_RTLD_RELOC): Removed. (elf_machine_runtime_setup): Add .aligns. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/fraiseexcpt.c: Add volatile to asms. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/bits/mathinline.h: Partially undo change of 1997-08-14 03:14. gcc 2.7.2* is really broken in some aspects. * sysdeps/standalone/i386/i386.h: Clean up asm statements a bit. * sysdeps/standalone/i960/i960ca.h: Likewise. 1997-08-22 19:04 Richard Henderson * elf/rtld.c (_dl_start): Init _dl_rtld_map.l_opencount due to undocumented test addition in _dl_map_object. Support ET_EXEC versions of ld.so, for debugging at least: * elf/dl-load.c (_dl_map_object): Add_name_to_object could get called despite the DT_SONAME != NULL test, segfaulting. Simplify the code here as well. * elf/dl-lookup.c (do_lookup): Skip objects with no symtab. (_dl_setup_hash): Likewise for hash tables. * elf/dl-version.c (_dl_check_map_versions): Likewise for strtabs. * elf/rtld.c (_dl_start): Likewise for rpath. (_dl_rtld_libname2): New variable. (dl_main): Use it to add an soname for ourselves when we don't have one of our own. Base it on the target's .interp. (dl_main): Again, skip printing of objects that don't have strtabs. Sparc 32 merge: * elf/dl-runtime.c (ELF_FIXUP_RETURN_VALUE): Provide default value. (fixup): Simplify code. Use ELF_FIXUP_RETURN_VALUE. (profile_fixup): Likewise, though this still needs fixing for Sparc32 and PPC. * sysdeps/powerpc/dl-machine.h: Transmute ELF_FIXUP_RETURNS_ADDRESS to ELF_FIXUP_RETURN_VALUE. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/dl-machine.h: Implement lazy relocation. Fix up _dl_start_user to handle _dl_skip_args properly. Use _dl_hwcap to determine if "flush" is available/needed. * sysdeps/sparc/configure.in: Remove. It doesn't actually do anything anymore, and what it did do is done somewhere else. * sysdeps/sparc/configure: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/fpu/bits/mathdef.h (FP_ILOGB0, FP_ILOGBNAN): New. * sysdeps/sparc/fpu/fraiseexcpt.c: Rearrange for smaller code. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/Makefile: Fix sparc->sparc/sparc32 bits in divrem expansions. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc32/sysdep.h (END, LOC): New definitions for assembly syntax differences. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/__longjmp.S: %g6,%g7 are reserved to the "system". Use %g2,%g3 instead. Use new local label macro. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/add_n.S: Use and ENTRY, END, and LOC for proper assembly headers/footers. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/addmul_1.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/alloca.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/dotmul.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/lshift.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/mul_1.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/rshift.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/addmul_1.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/mul_1.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/submul_1.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/udiv_qrnnd.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sub_n.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/submul_1.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/udiv_qrnnd.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/umul.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/divrem.m4: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/rem.S: Regenerate. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sdiv.S: Regenerate. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/udiv.S: Regenerate. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/urem.S: Regenerate. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/dotmul.S: New file. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/rem.S: New file. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/sdiv.S: New file. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/udiv.S: New file. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/umul.S: New file. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/sparcv8/urem.S: New file. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/bsd-_setjmp.S: Dike out. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/bsd-setjmp.S: Likewise. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/setjmp.S: Add _setjmp and setjmp entry points. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc32/__sigtrampoline.S: Clean up PIC code. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/elf/start.S: New file, slightly modified from the sparc64 version. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/elf/start.c: Removed. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc32/init-first.h: Rewrite in assembly based on the sparc64 version. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/fpu/bits/fenv.h: Duh. Use proper syntax for manipulating %fsr. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc32/fpu/fpu_control.h: Make IEEE conformance be the default. * elf/elf.h (HWCAP_SPARC_*): New definitions. * elf/rtld.c (_dl_hwcap): New variable. * sysdeps/generic/dl-sysdep.c (_dl_sysdep_start): Record AT_HWCAP. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc32/getpagesize.c: New file. Attempt to get hold of the page size based on what we might have been told at startup time in _dl_pagesize. This will be obsolete when I finish the kernel hooks for a proper sysconf(), stay tuned. Sparc 64 merge: * sysdeps/sparc/sparc64/dl-machine.h (ELF_FIXUP_RETURN_VALUE): New. Figure out the right thing to return based on the .plt format. * sysdeps/sparc/sparc64/fpu/fpu_control.h: Update comment. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc64/bits/types.h (__dev_t): Should have been 64-bits wide. * sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc64/init-first.h: sll->sllx, optimize for branch delay slot usage. 1997-08-22 Andreas Schwab * csu/Makefile ($(objpfx)crt%.o): Fix a missing *.so -> *.os change. 1997-08-20 Andreas Jaeger * math/libm-test.c (identities): Change epsilon. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/bits/mathinline.h: Correct arguments to fabs, fabsf, fabsl, __fabsl. * sysdeps/libm-i387/e_remainderl.S: Pop extra value from FPU stack. * sysdeps/libm-ieee754/s_csinhl.c: Include . --- manual/message.texi | 132 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 122 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) (limited to 'manual') diff --git a/manual/message.texi b/manual/message.texi index 7640e21..76587d1 100644 --- a/manual/message.texi +++ b/manual/message.texi @@ -1167,19 +1167,131 @@ translations from the file @end smallexample From the above descriptions it should be clear which component of this -filename is determined fromby which source. +filename is determined by which source. + +In the above example we assumed that the @code{LANGUAGE} environment +variable to @code{de}. This might be an appropriate selection but what +happens if the user wants to use @code{LC_ALL} because of the wider +usability and here the required value is @code{de_DE.ISO-8859-1}? We +already mentioned above that a situation like this is not infrequent. +E.g., a person might prefer reading a dialect and if this is not +available fall back on the standard language. + +The @code{gettext} functions know about situations like this and can +handle them gracefully. The functions recognize the format of the value +of the environment variable. It can split the value is different pieces +and by leaving out the only or the other part it can construct new +values. This happens of course in a predictable way. To understand +this one must know the format of the environment variable value. There +are to more or less standardized forms: + +@table @emph +@item X/Open Format +@code{language[_territory[.codeset]][@@modifier]} + +@item CEN Format (European Community Standard) +@code{language[_territory][+audience][+special][,[sponsor][_revision]]} +@end table + +The functions will automatically recognize which format is used. Less +specific locale names will be stripped of in the order of the following +list: -@c Describe: -@c * message inheritence -@c * locale aliasing -@c * character set dependence +@enumerate +@item +@code{revision} +@item +@code{sponsor} +@item +@code{special} +@item +@code{codeset} +@item +@code{normalized codeset} +@item +@code{territory} +@item +@code{audience}/@code{modifier} +@end enumerate + +From the last entry one can see that the meaning of the @code{modifer} +field in the X/Open format and the @code{audience} format have the same +meaning. Beside one can see that the @code{language} field for obvious +reasons never will be dropped. + +The only new thing is the @code{normalized codeset} entry. This is +another goodie which is introduced to help reducing the chaos which +derives from the inability of the people to standardize the names of +character sets. Instead of @w{ISO-8859-1} one can often see @w{8859-1}, +@w{88591}, @w{iso8859-1}, or @w{iso_8859-1}. The @code{normalized +codeset} value is generated from the user-provided character set name by +applying the following rules: + +@enumerate +@item +Remove all characters beside numbers and letters. +@item +Fold letters to lowercase. +@item +If the same only contains digits prepend the string @code{"iso"}. +@end enumerate + +@noindent +So all of the above name will be normalized to @code{iso88591}. This +allows the program user much more freely choosing the locale name. + +Even this extended functionality still does not help to solve the +problem that completely different names can be used to denote the same +locale (e.g., @code{de} and @code{german}). To be of help in this +situation the locale implementation and also the @code{gettext} +functions know about aliases. + +The file @file{/usr/share/locale/locale.alias} (replace @file{/usr} with +whatever prefix you used for configuring the C library) contains a +mapping of alternative names to more regular names. The system manager +is free to add new entries to fill her/his own needs. The selected +locale from the environment is compared with the entries in the first +column of this file ignoring the case. If they match the value of the +second column is used instead for the further handling. + +In the description of the format of the environment variables we already +mentioned the character set as a factor in the selection of the message +catalog. In fact, only catalogs which contain text written using the +character set of the system/program can be used (directly; there will +come a solution for this some day). This means for the user that s/he +will always have to take care for this. If in the collection of the +message catalogs there are files for the same language but coded using +different character sets the user has to be careful. @node Helper programs for gettext @subsection Programs to handle message catalogs for @code{gettext} -@c Describe: -@c * msgfmt -@c * xgettext -@c Mention: -@c * other programs from GNU gettext +The GNU C Library does not contain the source code for the programs to +handle message catalogs for the @code{gettext} functions. As part of +the GNU project the GNU gettext package contains everything the +developer needs. The functionality provided by the tools in this +package by far exceeds the abilities of the @code{gencat} program +described above for the @code{catgets} functions. + +There is a program @code{msgfmt} which is the equivalent program to the +@code{gencat} program. It generates from the human-readable and +-editable form of the message catalog a binary file which can be used by +the @code{gettext} functions. But there are several more programs +available. + +The @code{xgettext} program can be used to automatically extract the +translatable messages from a source file. I.e., the programmer need not +take care for the translations and the list of messages which have to be +translated. S/He will simply wrap the translatable string in calls to +@code{gettext} et.al and the rest will be done by @code{xgettext}. This +program has a lot of option which help to customize the output or do +help to understand the input better. + +Other programs help to manage development cycle when new messages appear +in the source files or when a new translation of the messages appear. +here it should only be noted that using all the tools in GNu gettext it +is possible to @emph{completely} automize the handling of message +catalog. Beside marking the translatable string in the source code and +generating the translations the developers do not have anything to do +themself. -- cgit v1.1