NSS: Implement group merging support.

https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/Proposals/GroupMerging

== Justification ==
It is common today for users to rely on centrally-managed user stores for
handling their user accounts. However, much software existing today does
not have an innate understanding of such accounts. Instead, they commonly
rely on membership in known groups for managing access-control (for
example the "wheel" group on Fedora and RHEL systems or the "adm" group
on Debian-derived systems). In the present incarnation of nsswitch, the
only way to have such groups managed by a remote user store such as
FreeIPA or Active Directory would be to manually remove the groups from
/etc/group on the clients so that nsswitch would then move past nss_files
and into the SSSD, nss-ldap or other remote user database.

== Solution ==
With this patch, a new action is introduced for nsswitch:
NSS_ACTION_MERGE. To take advantage of it, one will add [SUCCESS=merge]
between two database entries in the nsswitch.conf file. When a group is
located in the first of the two group entries, processing will continue
on to the next one. If the group is also found in the next entry (and the
group name and GID are an exact match), the member list of the second
entry will be added to the group object to be returned.

== Implementation ==
After each DL_LOOKUP_FN() returns, the next action is checked. If the
function returned NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS and the next action is
NSS_ACTION_MERGE, a copy of the result buffer is saved for the next pass
through the loop. If on this next pass through the loop the database
returns another instance of a group matching both the group name and GID,
the member list is added to the previous list and it is returned as a
single object. If the following database does not contain the same group,
then the original is copied back into the destination buffer.

This patch implements merge functionality only for the group database.
For other databases, there is a default implementation that will return
the EINVAL errno if a merge is requested. The merge functionality can be
implemented for other databases at a later time if such is needed. Each
database must provide a unique implementation of the deep-copy and merge
functions.

If [SUCCESS=merge] is present in nsswitch.conf for a glibc version that
does not support it, glibc will process results up until that operation,
at which time it will return results if it has found them or else will
simply return an error. In practical terms, this ends up behaving like
the remainder of the nsswitch.conf line does not exist.

== Iterators ==
This feature does not modify the iterator functionality from its current
behavior. If getgrnam() or getgrgid() is called, glibc will iterate
through all entries in the `group` line in nsswitch.conf and display the
list of members without attempting to merge them. This is consistent with
the behavior of nss_files where if two separate lines are specified for
the same group in /etc/groups, getgrnam()/getgrgid() will display both.
Clients are already expected to handle this gracefully.

== No Premature Optimizations ==
The following is a list of places that might be eligible for
optimization, but were not overengineered for this initial contribution:
 * Any situation where a merge may occur will result in one malloc() of
   the same size as the input buffer.
 * Any situation where a merge does occur will result in a second
   malloc() to hold the list of pointers to member name strings.
 * The list of members is simply concatenated together and is not tested
   for uniqueness (which is identical to the behavior for nss_files,
   which will simply return identical values if they both exist on the
   line in the file. This could potentially be optimized to reduce space
   usage in the buffer, but it is both complex and computationally
   expensive to do so.

== Testing ==
I performed testing by running the getent utility against my newly-built
glibc and configuring /etc/nsswitch.conf with the following entry:
group: group:      files [SUCCESS=merge] sss

In /etc/group I included the line:
wheel:x:10:sgallagh

I then configured my local SSSD using the id_provider=local to respond
with:
wheel:*:10:localuser,localuser2

I then ran `getent group wheel` against the newly-built glibc in
multiple situations and received the expected output as described
above:
 * When SSSD was running.
 * When SSSD was configured in nsswitch.conf but the daemon was not
   running.
 * When SSSD was configured in nsswitch.conf but nss_sss.so.2 was not
   installed on the system.
 * When the order of 'sss' and 'files' was reversed.
 * All of the above with the [SUCCESS=merge] removed (to ensure no
   regressions).
 * All of the above with `getent group 10`.
 * All of the above with `getent group` with and without
   `enumerate=true` set in SSSD.
 * All of the above with and without nscd enabled on the system.

16 files changed, 475 insertions, 9 deletions

diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index 6a86de6..ab05782 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,37 @@
+2016-04-29  Stephen Gallagher  <sgallagh@redhat.com>
+	    Carlos O'Donell  <carlos@redhat.com>
+
+	[BZ #19072]
+	* grp/Makefile (headers): Add grp-merge.h
+	(routines): Add grp-merge.
+	* grp/getgrgid_r.c: Include grp-merge.h.
+	(DEEPCOPY_FN): Define.
+	(MERGE_FN): Define.
+	* grp/getgrname_r.c: Include grp-merge.h.
+	(DEEPCOPY_FN): Define.
+	(MERGE_FN): Define.
+	* grp/grp-merge.c: New file.
+	* grp/grp-merge.h: New file.
+	* include/grp-merge.h: New file.
+	* grp/Versions: Define __merge_grp@GLIBC_PRIVATE, and
+	__copy_grp@GLIBC_PRIVATE.
+	* manual/nss.texi (Actions in the NSS configuration): Describe
+	return, continue, and merge.
+	* nscd/getgrgid_r.c: Include grp/grp-merge.h.
+	(DEEPCOPY_FN): Define.
+	(MERGE_FN): Define.
+	* nscd/getgrnam_r.c: Include grp/grp-merge.h.
+	(DEEPCOPY_FN): Define.
+	(MERGE_FN): Define.
+	* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c [!DEEPCOPY_FN]: Define __copy_einval.
+	[!MERGE_FN]: Define __merge_einval.
+	(CHECK_MERGE): Define.
+	(REENTRANT_NAME): Process merge if do_merge is true.
+	* nss/getnssent_r.c (__nss_setent): Process NSS_ACTION_MERGE.
+	(__nss_getent_r): Likewise.
+	* nss/nsswitch.c (nss_parse_service_list): Likewise.
+	* nss/nsswitch.h (lookup_actions): Define NSS_ACTION_MERGE.
+
 2016-04-29  Adhemerval Zanella  <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>
 
 	[BZ #20012]
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 24e13ae..1e12173 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -25,6 +25,14 @@ Version 2.24
   1990s and never part of POSIX.  Application code should use the int type
   instead of “union wait”.
 
+* A new NSS action is added to facilitate large distributed system
+  administration.  The action, MERGE, allows remote user stores like LDAP
+  to be merged into local user stores like /etc/groups in order to provide
+  easy to use, updated, and managed sets of merged credentials.  The new
+  action can be used by configuring it in /etc/nsswitch.conf:
+  group: files [SUCCESS=merge] nis
+  Implemented by Stephen Gallagher (Red Hat).
+
 Security related changes:
 
 * An unnecessary stack copy in _nss_dns_getnetbyname_r was removed.  It
diff --git a/grp/Makefile b/grp/Makefile
index 4f1809c..b4d52e2 100644
--- a/grp/Makefile
+++ b/grp/Makefile
@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ subdir	:= grp
 
 include ../Makeconfig
 
-headers := grp.h
+headers := grp.h grp-merge.h
 
 routines := fgetgrent initgroups setgroups \
 	    getgrent getgrgid getgrnam putgrent \
-	    getgrent_r getgrgid_r getgrnam_r fgetgrent_r
+	    getgrent_r getgrgid_r getgrnam_r fgetgrent_r \
+	    grp-merge
 
 tests := testgrp tst-putgrent
 
diff --git a/grp/Versions b/grp/Versions
index e01360d..096caa4 100644
--- a/grp/Versions
+++ b/grp/Versions
@@ -28,4 +28,7 @@ libc {
     # g*
     getgrouplist;
   }
+  GLIBC_PRIVATE {
+    __merge_grp; __copy_grp;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/grp/getgrgid_r.c b/grp/getgrgid_r.c
index 9da834a..01d3b99 100644
--- a/grp/getgrgid_r.c
+++ b/grp/getgrgid_r.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <grp.h>
 
+#include <grp-merge.h>
 
 #define LOOKUP_TYPE	struct group
 #define FUNCTION_NAME	getgrgid
@@ -25,5 +26,7 @@
 #define ADD_PARAMS	gid_t gid
 #define ADD_VARIABLES	gid
 #define BUFLEN		NSS_BUFLEN_GROUP
+#define DEEPCOPY_FN	__copy_grp
+#define MERGE_FN	__merge_grp
 
 #include <nss/getXXbyYY_r.c>
diff --git a/grp/getgrnam_r.c b/grp/getgrnam_r.c
index 8096082..3e85962 100644
--- a/grp/getgrnam_r.c
+++ b/grp/getgrnam_r.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <grp.h>
 
+#include <grp-merge.h>
 
 #define LOOKUP_TYPE	struct group
 #define FUNCTION_NAME	getgrnam
@@ -25,4 +26,7 @@
 #define ADD_PARAMS	const char *name
 #define ADD_VARIABLES	name
 
+#define DEEPCOPY_FN	__copy_grp
+#define MERGE_FN	__merge_grp
+
 #include <nss/getXXbyYY_r.c>
diff --git a/grp/grp-merge.c b/grp/grp-merge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a1eb38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/grp/grp-merge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/* Group merging implementation.
+   Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+#include <grp-merge.h>
+
+#define BUFCHECK(size)			\
+  ({					\
+    do					\
+      {					\
+	if (c + (size) > buflen)	\
+          {				\
+	    free (members);		\
+	    return ERANGE;		\
+	  }				\
+      }					\
+    while (0);				\
+  })
+
+int
+internal_function
+__copy_grp (const struct group srcgrp, const size_t buflen,
+	    struct group *destgrp, char *destbuf, char **endptr)
+{
+  size_t i;
+  size_t c = 0;
+  size_t len;
+  size_t memcount;
+  char **members = NULL;
+
+  /* Copy the GID.  */
+  destgrp->gr_gid = srcgrp.gr_gid;
+
+  /* Copy the name.  */
+  len = strlen (srcgrp.gr_name) + 1;
+  BUFCHECK (len);
+  memcpy (&destbuf[c], srcgrp.gr_name, len);
+  destgrp->gr_name = &destbuf[c];
+  c += len;
+
+  /* Copy the password.  */
+  len = strlen (srcgrp.gr_passwd) + 1;
+  BUFCHECK (len);
+  memcpy (&destbuf[c], srcgrp.gr_passwd, len);
+  destgrp->gr_passwd = &destbuf[c];
+  c += len;
+
+  /* Count all of the members.  */
+  for (memcount = 0; srcgrp.gr_mem[memcount]; memcount++)
+    ;
+
+  /* Allocate a temporary holding area for the pointers to the member
+     contents, including space for a NULL-terminator.  */
+  members = malloc (sizeof (char *) * (memcount + 1));
+  if (members == NULL)
+    return ENOMEM;
+
+  /* Copy all of the group members to destbuf and add a pointer to each of
+     them into the 'members' array.  */
+  for (i = 0; srcgrp.gr_mem[i]; i++)
+    {
+      len = strlen (srcgrp.gr_mem[i]) + 1;
+      BUFCHECK (len);
+      memcpy (&destbuf[c], srcgrp.gr_mem[i], len);
+      members[i] = &destbuf[c];
+      c += len;
+    }
+  members[i] = NULL;
+
+  /* Copy the pointers from the members array into the buffer and assign them
+     to the gr_mem member of destgrp.  */
+  destgrp->gr_mem = (char **) &destbuf[c];
+  len = sizeof (char *) * (memcount + 1);
+  BUFCHECK (len);
+  memcpy (&destbuf[c], members, len);
+  c += len;
+  free (members);
+  members = NULL;
+
+  /* Save the count of members at the end.  */
+  BUFCHECK (sizeof (size_t));
+  memcpy (&destbuf[c], &memcount, sizeof (size_t));
+  c += sizeof (size_t);
+
+  if (endptr)
+    *endptr = destbuf + c;
+  return 0;
+}
+libc_hidden_def (__copy_grp)
+
+/* Check that the name, GID and passwd fields match, then
+   copy in the gr_mem array.  */
+int
+internal_function
+__merge_grp (struct group *savedgrp, char *savedbuf, char *savedend,
+	     size_t buflen, struct group *mergegrp, char *mergebuf)
+{
+  size_t c, i, len;
+  size_t savedmemcount;
+  size_t memcount;
+  size_t membersize;
+  char **members = NULL;
+
+  /* We only support merging members of groups with identical names and
+     GID values. If we hit this case, we need to overwrite the current
+     buffer with the saved one (which is functionally equivalent to
+     treating the new lookup as NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND).  */
+  if (mergegrp->gr_gid != savedgrp->gr_gid
+      || strcmp (mergegrp->gr_name, savedgrp->gr_name))
+    return __copy_grp (*savedgrp, buflen, mergegrp, mergebuf, NULL);
+
+  /* Get the count of group members from the last sizeof (size_t) bytes in the
+     mergegrp buffer.  */
+  savedmemcount = (size_t) *(savedend - sizeof (size_t));
+
+  /* Get the count of new members to add.  */
+  for (memcount = 0; mergegrp->gr_mem[memcount]; memcount++)
+    ;
+
+  /* Create a temporary array to hold the pointers to the member values from
+     both the saved and merge groups.  */
+  membersize = savedmemcount + memcount + 1;
+  members = malloc (sizeof (char *) * membersize);
+  if (members == NULL)
+    return ENOMEM;
+
+  /* Copy in the existing member pointers from the saved group
+     Note: this is not NULL-terminated yet.  */
+  memcpy (members, savedgrp->gr_mem, sizeof (char *) * savedmemcount);
+
+  /* Back up into the savedbuf until we get back to the NULL-terminator of the
+     group member list. (This means walking back savedmemcount + 1 (char *) pointers
+     and the member count value.
+     The value of c is going to be the used length of the buffer backed up by
+     the member count and further backed up by the size of the pointers.  */
+  c = savedend - savedbuf
+      - sizeof (size_t)
+      - sizeof (char *) * (savedmemcount + 1);
+
+  /* Add all the new group members, overwriting the old NULL-terminator while
+     adding the new pointers to the temporary array.  */
+  for (i = 0; mergegrp->gr_mem[i]; i++)
+    {
+      len = strlen (mergegrp->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
+      BUFCHECK (len);
+      memcpy (&savedbuf[c], mergegrp->gr_mem[i], len);
+      members[savedmemcount + i] = &savedbuf[c];
+      c += len;
+    }
+  /* Add the NULL-terminator.  */
+  members[savedmemcount + memcount] = NULL;
+
+  /* Copy the member array back into the buffer after the member list and free
+     the member array.  */
+  savedgrp->gr_mem = (char **) &savedbuf[c];
+  len = sizeof (char *) * membersize;
+  BUFCHECK (len);
+  memcpy (&savedbuf[c], members, len);
+  c += len;
+
+  free (members);
+  members = NULL;
+
+  /* Finally, copy the results back into mergebuf, since that's the buffer
+     that we were provided by the caller.  */
+  return __copy_grp (*savedgrp, buflen, mergegrp, mergebuf, NULL);
+}
+libc_hidden_def (__merge_grp)
diff --git a/grp/grp-merge.h b/grp/grp-merge.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..969612b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/grp/grp-merge.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/* Group merging implementation.
+   Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _GRP_MERGE_H
+#define _GRP_MERGE_H 1
+
+#include <grp.h>
+
+/* Duplicate a grp struct (and its members). When no longer needed, the
+   calling function must free(newbuf).  */
+int
+__copy_grp (const struct group srcgrp, const size_t buflen,
+	    struct group *destgrp, char *destbuf, char **endptr)
+	    internal_function;
+
+/* Merge the member lists of two grp structs together.  */
+int
+__merge_grp (struct group *savedgrp, char *savedbuf, char *savedend,
+	     size_t buflen, struct group *mergegrp, char *mergebuf)
+	     internal_function;
+
+#endif /* _GRP_MERGE_H */
diff --git a/include/grp-merge.h b/include/grp-merge.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..331ac20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/grp-merge.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef _GRP_MERGE_H
+#include <grp/grp-merge.h>
+
+libc_hidden_proto (__copy_grp)
+libc_hidden_proto (__merge_grp)
+
+#endif /* _GRP_MERGE_H */
diff --git a/manual/nss.texi b/manual/nss.texi
index 66dccef..ddc1602 100644
--- a/manual/nss.texi
+++ b/manual/nss.texi
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ where
 
 The case of the keywords is insignificant.  The @var{status}
 values are the results of a call to a lookup function of a specific
-service.  They mean
+service.  They mean:
 
 @ftable @samp
 @item success
@@ -204,6 +204,50 @@ default action is @code{continue}.
 @end ftable
 
 @noindent
+The @var{action} values mean:
+
+@ftable @samp
+@item return
+
+If the status matches, stop the lookup process at this service
+specification.  If an entry is available, provide it to the application.
+If an error occurred, report it to the application.  In case of a prior
+@samp{merge} action, the data is combined with previous lookup results,
+as explained below.
+
+@item continue
+
+If the status matches, proceed with the lookup process at the next
+entry, discarding the result of the current lookup (and any merged
+data).  An exception is the @samp{initgroups} database and the
+@samp{success} status, where @samp{continue} acts like @code{merge}
+below.
+
+@item merge
+
+Proceed with the lookup process, retaining the current lookup result.
+This action is useful only with the @samp{success} status.  If a
+subsequent service lookup succeeds and has a matching @samp{return}
+specification, the results are merged, the lookup process ends, and the
+merged results are returned to the application.  If the following service
+has a matching @samp{merge} action, the lookup process continues,
+retaining the combined data from this and any previous lookups.
+
+After a @code{merge} action, errors from subsequent lookups are ignored,
+and the data gathered so far will be returned.
+
+The @samp{merge} only applies to the @samp{success} status.  It is
+currently implemented for the @samp{group} database and its group
+members field, @samp{gr_mem}.  If specified for other databases, it
+causes the lookup to fail (if the @var{status} matches).
+
+When processing @samp{merge} for @samp{group} membership, the group GID
+and name must be identical for both entries.  If only one or the other is
+a match, the behavior is undefined.
+
+@end ftable
+
+@noindent
 If we have a line like
 
 @smallexample
diff --git a/nscd/getgrgid_r.c b/nscd/getgrgid_r.c
index 8039f86..77b6162 100644
--- a/nscd/getgrgid_r.c
+++ b/nscd/getgrgid_r.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <grp.h>
 
+#include <grp-merge.h>
 
 #define LOOKUP_TYPE	struct group
 #define FUNCTION_NAME	getgrgid
@@ -25,6 +26,9 @@
 #define ADD_VARIABLES	gid
 #define BUFLEN		NSS_BUFLEN_GROUP
 
+#define DEEPCOPY_FN	__copy_grp
+#define MERGE_FN	__merge_grp
+
 /* We are nscd, so we don't want to be talking to ourselves.  */
 #undef	USE_NSCD
 
diff --git a/nscd/getgrnam_r.c b/nscd/getgrnam_r.c
index 67e4cd1..28a6ff6d1 100644
--- a/nscd/getgrnam_r.c
+++ b/nscd/getgrnam_r.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <grp.h>
 
+#include <grp-merge.h>
 
 #define LOOKUP_TYPE	struct group
 #define FUNCTION_NAME	getgrnam
@@ -24,6 +25,9 @@
 #define ADD_PARAMS	const char *name
 #define ADD_VARIABLES	name
 
+#define DEEPCOPY_FN	__copy_grp
+#define MERGE_FN	__merge_grp
+
 /* We are nscd, so we don't want to be talking to ourselves.  */
 #undef	USE_NSCD
 
diff --git a/nss/getXXbyYY_r.c b/nss/getXXbyYY_r.c
index 113c687..93af253 100644
--- a/nss/getXXbyYY_r.c
+++ b/nss/getXXbyYY_r.c
@@ -131,6 +131,52 @@
 # define AF_VAL AF_INET
 #endif
 
+
+/* Set defaults for merge functions that haven't been defined.  */
+#ifndef DEEPCOPY_FN
+static inline int
+__copy_einval (LOOKUP_TYPE a,
+	       const size_t b,
+	       LOOKUP_TYPE *c,
+	       char *d,
+	       char **e)
+{
+  return EINVAL;
+}
+# define DEEPCOPY_FN __copy_einval
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MERGE_FN
+static inline int
+__merge_einval (LOOKUP_TYPE *a,
+		char *b,
+		char *c,
+		size_t d,
+		LOOKUP_TYPE *e,
+		char *f)
+{
+  return EINVAL;
+}
+# define MERGE_FN __merge_einval
+#endif
+
+#define CHECK_MERGE(err, status)		\
+  ({						\
+    do						\
+      {						\
+	if (err)				\
+	  {					\
+	    __set_errno (err);			\
+	    if (err == ERANGE)			\
+	      status = NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN;	\
+	    else				\
+	      status = NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;	\
+	    break;				\
+	  }					\
+      }						\
+    while (0);					\
+  })
+
 /* Type of the lookup function we need here.  */
 typedef enum nss_status (*lookup_function) (ADD_PARAMS, LOOKUP_TYPE *, char *,
 					    size_t, int * H_ERRNO_PARM
@@ -152,13 +198,16 @@ INTERNAL (REENTRANT_NAME) (ADD_PARAMS, LOOKUP_TYPE *resbuf, char *buffer,
   static service_user *startp;
   static lookup_function start_fct;
   service_user *nip;
+  int do_merge = 0;
+  LOOKUP_TYPE mergegrp;
+  char *mergebuf = NULL;
+  char *endptr = NULL;
   union
   {
     lookup_function l;
     void *ptr;
   } fct;
-
-  int no_more;
+  int no_more, err;
   enum nss_status status = NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
 #ifdef USE_NSCD
   int nscd_status;
@@ -278,9 +327,66 @@ INTERNAL (REENTRANT_NAME) (ADD_PARAMS, LOOKUP_TYPE *resbuf, char *buffer,
 	  && errno == ERANGE)
 	break;
 
+      if (do_merge)
+	{
+
+	  if (status == NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+	    {
+	      /* The previous loop saved a buffer for merging.
+		 Perform the merge now.  */
+	      err = MERGE_FN (&mergegrp, mergebuf, endptr, buflen, resbuf,
+			      buffer);
+	      CHECK_MERGE (err,status);
+	      do_merge = 0;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      /* If the result wasn't SUCCESS, copy the saved buffer back
+	         into the result buffer and set the status back to
+	         NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS to match the previous pass through the
+	         loop.
+	          * If the next action is CONTINUE, it will overwrite the value
+	            currently in the buffer and return the new value.
+	          * If the next action is RETURN, we'll return the previously-
+	            acquired values.
+	          * If the next action is MERGE, then it will be added to the
+	            buffer saved from the previous source.  */
+	      err = DEEPCOPY_FN (mergegrp, buflen, resbuf, buffer, NULL);
+	      CHECK_MERGE (err, status);
+	      status = NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* If we were are configured to merge this value with the next one,
+         save the current value of the group struct.  */
+      if (nss_next_action (nip, status) == NSS_ACTION_MERGE
+	  && status == NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+	{
+	  /* Copy the current values into a buffer to be merged with the next
+	     set of retrieved values.  */
+	  if (mergebuf == NULL)
+	    {
+	      /* Only allocate once and reuse it for as many merges as we need
+	         to perform.  */
+	      mergebuf = malloc (buflen);
+	      if (mergebuf == NULL)
+		{
+		  __set_errno (ENOMEM);
+		  status = NSS_STATUS_UNAVAIL;
+		  break;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  err = DEEPCOPY_FN (*resbuf, buflen, &mergegrp, mergebuf, &endptr);
+	  CHECK_MERGE (err, status);
+	  do_merge = 1;
+	}
+
       no_more = __nss_next2 (&nip, REENTRANT_NAME_STRING,
 			     REENTRANT2_NAME_STRING, &fct.ptr, status, 0);
     }
+  free (mergebuf);
+  mergebuf = NULL;
 
 #ifdef HANDLE_DIGITS_DOTS
 done:
diff --git a/nss/getnssent_r.c b/nss/getnssent_r.c
index 456907b..f509248 100644
--- a/nss/getnssent_r.c
+++ b/nss/getnssent_r.c
@@ -79,7 +79,18 @@ __nss_setent (const char *func_name, db_lookup_function lookup_fct,
       else
 	status = DL_CALL_FCT (fct.f, (0));
 
-      no_more = __nss_next2 (nip, func_name, NULL, &fct.ptr, status, 0);
+
+      /* This is a special-case.  When [SUCCESS=merge] is in play,
+         _nss_next2() will skip to the next database.  Due to the
+         implementation of that function, we can't know whether we're
+         in an enumeration or an individual lookup, which behaves
+         differently with regards to merging.  We'll treat SUCCESS as
+         an indication to start the enumeration at this database. */
+      if (nss_next_action (*nip, status) == NSS_ACTION_MERGE)
+	no_more = 1;
+      else
+	no_more = __nss_next2 (nip, func_name, NULL, &fct.ptr, status, 0);
+
       if (is_last_nip)
 	*last_nip = *nip;
     }
@@ -175,8 +186,18 @@ __nss_getent_r (const char *getent_func_name,
 
       do
 	{
-	  no_more = __nss_next2 (nip, getent_func_name, NULL, &fct.ptr,
-				 status, 0);
+        /* This is a special-case.  When [SUCCESS=merge] is in play,
+           _nss_next2() will skip to the next database.  Due to the
+           implementation of that function, we can't know whether we're
+           in an enumeration or an individual lookup, which behaves
+           differently with regards to merging.  We'll treat SUCCESS as
+           an indication to return the results here. */
+	  if (status == NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS
+	      && nss_next_action (*nip, status) == NSS_ACTION_MERGE)
+	    no_more = 1;
+	  else
+	    no_more = __nss_next2 (nip, getent_func_name, NULL, &fct.ptr,
+				   status, 0);
 
 	  if (is_last_nip)
 	    *last_nip = *nip;
diff --git a/nss/nsswitch.c b/nss/nsswitch.c
index bb644cb..d770650 100644
--- a/nss/nsswitch.c
+++ b/nss/nsswitch.c
@@ -712,6 +712,9 @@ nss_parse_service_list (const char *line)
 	      else if (line - name == 8
 		       && __strncasecmp (name, "CONTINUE", 8) == 0)
 		action = NSS_ACTION_CONTINUE;
+	      else if (line - name == 5
+		       && __strncasecmp (name, "MERGE", 5) == 0)
+		action = NSS_ACTION_MERGE;
 	      else
 		goto finish;
 
diff --git a/nss/nsswitch.h b/nss/nsswitch.h
index 0074ee1..54c8b65 100644
--- a/nss/nsswitch.h
+++ b/nss/nsswitch.h
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
 typedef enum
 {
   NSS_ACTION_CONTINUE,
-  NSS_ACTION_RETURN
+  NSS_ACTION_RETURN,
+  NSS_ACTION_MERGE
 } lookup_actions;