/* tc-w65.c -- Assemble code for the W65816 Copyright (C) 1995, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation. This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler. GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ /* Written By Steve Chamberlain sac@cygnus.com */ #include #include "as.h" #include "bfd.h" #include "subsegs.h" #define DEFINE_TABLE #include "../opcodes/w65-opc.h" #include const char comment_chars[] = "!"; CONST char line_separator_chars[] = ";"; const char line_comment_chars[] = "!#"; /* This table describes all the machine specific pseudo-ops the assembler has to support. The fields are: pseudo-op name without dot function to call to execute this pseudo-op Integer arg to pass to the function */ #define OP_BCC 0x90 #define OP_BCS 0xB0 #define OP_BEQ 0xF0 #define OP_BMI 0x30 #define OP_BNE 0xD0 #define OP_BPL 0x10 #define OP_BRA 0x80 #define OP_BRL 0x82 #define OP_BVC 0x50 #define OP_BVS 0x70 void s_longa (); const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] = { {"int", cons, 2}, {"word", cons, 2}, {"longa", s_longa, 0}, {"longi", s_longa, 1}, {0, 0, 0} }; void cons (); void s_align_bytes (); /*int md_reloc_size; */ static int relax; /* set if -relax seen */ const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE"; /* Chars that mean this number is a floating point constant */ /* As in 0f12.456 */ /* or 0d1.2345e12 */ const char FLT_CHARS[] = "rRsSfFdDxXpP"; static struct hash_control *opcode_hash_control; /* Opcode mnemonics */ int M; /* M flag */ int X; /* X flag */ #define C(a,b) ENCODE_RELAX(a,b) #define ENCODE_RELAX(what,length) (((what) << 2) + (length)) #define GET_WHAT(x) ((x>>2)) #define BYTE_DISP 1 #define WORD_DISP 2 #define UNDEF_BYTE_DISP 0 #define UNDEF_WORD_DISP 3 #define COND_BRANCH 1 #define UNCOND_BRANCH 2 #define END 3 #define BYTE_F 127 /* How far we can branch forwards */ #define BYTE_B -126 /* How far we can branch backwards */ #define WORD_F 32767 #define WORD_B 32768 relax_typeS md_relax_table[C (END, 0)]; /* This function is called once, at assembler startup time. This should set up all the tables, etc that the MD part of the assembler needs */ void s_longa (xmode) { int *p = xmode ? &X : &M; while (*input_line_pointer == ' ') input_line_pointer++; if (strncmp (input_line_pointer, "on", 2) == 0) { input_line_pointer += 2; *p = 0; } else if (strncmp (input_line_pointer, "off", 3) == 0) { *p = 1; input_line_pointer += 3; } else as_bad (_("need on or off.")); demand_empty_rest_of_line (); } void md_begin () { relax_typeS *table; struct opinfo *opcode; char *prev_name = ""; opcode_hash_control = hash_new (); /* Insert unique names into hash table */ for (opcode = optable; opcode->name; opcode++) { if (strcmp (prev_name, opcode->name)) { prev_name = opcode->name; hash_insert (opcode_hash_control, opcode->name, (char *) opcode); } else { /* Make all the opcodes with the same name point to the same string */ opcode->name = prev_name; } } /* Initialize the relax table. We use a local variable to avoid warnings about modifying a supposedly const data structure. */ table = (relax_typeS *) md_relax_table; table[C (COND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_forward = BYTE_F; table[C (COND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_backward = BYTE_B; table[C (COND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_length = 2; table[C (COND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_more = C (COND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP); table[C (COND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_forward = WORD_F; table[C (COND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_backward = WORD_B; table[C (COND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_length = 5; table[C (COND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_more = 0; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_forward = BYTE_F; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_backward = BYTE_B; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_length = 2; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_more = C (UNCOND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP); table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_forward = WORD_F; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_backward = WORD_B; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_length = 3; table[C (UNCOND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP)].rlx_more = 0; flag_signed_overflow_ok = 1; } static expressionS immediate; /* absolute expression */ static expressionS immediate1; /* absolute expression */ static symbolS * dot () { const char *fake; /* JF: '.' is pseudo symbol with value of current location in current segment. */ fake = FAKE_LABEL_NAME; return symbol_new (fake, now_seg, (valueT) frag_now_fix (), frag_now); } int expr_size; int expr_shift; int tc_cons_reloc; void w65_expression (dest, bytes) expressionS *dest; unsigned int bytes; { expr_size = 0; expr_shift = 0; tc_cons_reloc = 0; while (*input_line_pointer == ' ') input_line_pointer++; if (*input_line_pointer == '<') { expr_size = 1; input_line_pointer++; } else if (*input_line_pointer == '>') { expr_shift = 1; input_line_pointer++; } else if (*input_line_pointer == '^') { expr_shift = 2; input_line_pointer++; } expr (0, dest); } int amode; static char * parse_exp (s, bytes) char *s; int bytes; { char *save; char *new; save = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = s; w65_expression (&immediate, bytes); if (immediate.X_op == O_absent) as_bad (_("missing operand")); new = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = save; return new; } static char * get_operands (info, ptr) struct opinfo *info; char *ptr; { register int override_len = 0; register int bytes = 0; while (*ptr == ' ') ptr++; if (ptr[0] == '#') { ptr++; switch (info->amode) { case ADDR_IMMTOI: bytes = X ? 1 : 2; amode = ADDR_IMMTOI; break; case ADDR_IMMTOA: bytes = M ? 1 : 2; amode = ADDR_IMMTOA; break; case ADDR_IMMCOP: bytes = 1; amode = ADDR_IMMCOP; break; case ADDR_DIR: bytes = 2; amode = ADDR_ABS; break; default: abort (); break; } ptr = parse_exp (ptr); } else if (ptr[0] == '!') { ptr = parse_exp (ptr + 1); if (ptr[0] == ',') { if (ptr[1] == 'y') { amode = ADDR_ABS_IDX_Y; bytes = 2; ptr += 2; } else if (ptr[1] == 'x') { amode = ADDR_ABS_IDX_X; bytes = 2; ptr += 2; } else { as_bad (_("syntax error after ') { ptr = parse_exp (ptr + 1); if (ptr[0] == ',' && ptr[1] == 'x') { amode = ADDR_ABS_LONG_IDX_X; bytes = 3; ptr += 2; } else { amode = ADDR_ABS_LONG; bytes = 3; } } else if (ptr[0] == '<') { ptr = parse_exp (ptr + 1); if (ptr[0] == ',') { if (ptr[1] == 'y') { amode = ADDR_DIR_IDX_Y; ptr += 2; bytes = 2; } else if (ptr[1] == 'x') { amode = ADDR_DIR_IDX_X; ptr += 2; bytes = 2; } else { as_bad (_("syntax error after ') { override_len = 3; ptr++; } else { override_len = 0; } ptr = parse_exp (ptr); if (ptr[0] == ',') { ptr++; if (ptr[0] == 'x' && ptr[1] == ')') { ptr += 2; if (override_len == 1) { amode = ADDR_DIR_IDX_IND_X; bytes = 2; } else { amode = ADDR_ABS_IND_IDX; bytes = 2; } } else if (ptr[0] == 's' && ptr[1] == ')' && ptr[2] == ',' && ptr[3] == 'y') { amode = ADDR_STACK_REL_INDX_IDX; bytes = 1; ptr += 4; } } else if (ptr[0] == ')') { if (ptr[1] == ',' && ptr[2] == 'y') { amode = ADDR_DIR_IND_IDX_Y; ptr += 3; bytes = 2; } else { if (override_len == 1) { amode = ADDR_DIR_IND; bytes = 1; } else { amode = ADDR_ABS_IND; bytes = 2; } ptr++; } } } else if (ptr[0] == '[') { ptr = parse_exp (ptr + 1); if (ptr[0] == ']') { ptr++; if (ptr[0] == ',' && ptr[1] == 'y') { bytes = 1; amode = ADDR_DIR_IND_IDX_Y_LONG; ptr += 2; } else { if (info->code == O_jmp) { bytes = 2; amode = ADDR_ABS_IND_LONG; } else { bytes = 1; amode = ADDR_DIR_IND_LONG; } } } } else { ptr = parse_exp (ptr, 2); if (ptr[0] == ',') { if (ptr[1] == 'y') { if (override_len == 1) { bytes = 1; amode = ADDR_DIR_IDX_Y; } else { amode = ADDR_ABS_IDX_Y; bytes = 2; } ptr += 2; } else if (ptr[1] == 'x') { if (override_len == 1) { amode = ADDR_DIR_IDX_X; bytes = 1; } else { amode = ADDR_ABS_IDX_X; bytes = 2; } ptr += 2; } else if (ptr[1] == 's') { bytes = 1; amode = ADDR_STACK_REL; ptr += 2; } else { bytes = 1; immediate1 = immediate; ptr = parse_exp (ptr + 1); amode = ADDR_BLOCK_MOVE; } } else { switch (info->amode) { case ADDR_PC_REL: amode = ADDR_PC_REL; bytes = 1; break; case ADDR_PC_REL_LONG: amode = ADDR_PC_REL_LONG; bytes = 2; break; default: if (override_len == 1) { amode = ADDR_DIR; bytes = 1; } else if (override_len == 3) { bytes = 3; amode = ADDR_ABS_LONG; } else { amode = ADDR_ABS; bytes = 2; } } } } switch (bytes) { case 1: switch (expr_shift) { case 0: if (amode == ADDR_DIR) tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_DP; else tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_ABS8; break; case 1: tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_ABS8S8; break; case 2: tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_ABS8S16; break; } break; case 2: switch (expr_shift) { case 0: tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_ABS16; break; case 1: tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_ABS16S8; break; case 2: tc_cons_reloc = R_W65_ABS16S16; break; } } return ptr; } /* Passed a pointer to a list of opcodes which use different addressing modes, return the opcode which matches the opcodes provided */ static struct opinfo * get_specific (opcode) struct opinfo *opcode; { int ocode = opcode->code; for (; opcode->code == ocode; opcode++) { if (opcode->amode == amode) return opcode; } return 0; } int check (operand, low, high) expressionS *operand; int low; int high; { if (operand->X_op != O_constant || operand->X_add_number < low || operand->X_add_number > high) { as_bad ("operand must be absolute in range %d..%d", low, high); } return operand->X_add_number; } static int log2[] = {0, 0, 1, 0, 2}; /* Now we know what sort of opcodes it is, let's build the bytes. */ static void build_Mytes (opcode) struct opinfo *opcode; { int size; int type; int pcrel; char *output; if (opcode->amode == ADDR_IMPLIED) { output = frag_more (1); } else if (opcode->amode == ADDR_PC_REL) { int type; /* This is a relaxable insn, so we do some special handling */ type = opcode->val == OP_BRA ? UNCOND_BRANCH : COND_BRANCH; output = frag_var (rs_machine_dependent, md_relax_table[C (type, WORD_DISP)].rlx_length, md_relax_table[C (type, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_length, C (type, UNDEF_BYTE_DISP), immediate.X_add_symbol, immediate.X_add_number, 0); } else { switch (opcode->amode) { GETINFO (size, type, pcrel); } /* If something special was done in the expression modify the reloc type */ if (tc_cons_reloc) { type = tc_cons_reloc; } /* 1 byte for the opcode + the bytes for the addrmode */ output = frag_more (size + 1); if (opcode->amode == ADDR_BLOCK_MOVE) { /* Two relocs for this one */ fix_new_exp (frag_now, output + 1 - frag_now->fr_literal, 1, &immediate, 0, R_W65_ABS8S16); fix_new_exp (frag_now, output + 2 - frag_now->fr_literal, 1, &immediate1, 0, R_W65_ABS8S16); } else if (type >= 0 && opcode->amode != ADDR_IMPLIED && opcode->amode != ADDR_ACC && opcode->amode != ADDR_STACK) { fix_new_exp (frag_now, output + 1 - frag_now->fr_literal, size, &immediate, pcrel, type); } } output[0] = opcode->val; } /* This is the guts of the machine-dependent assembler. STR points to a machine dependent instruction. This function is supposed to emit the frags/bytes it assembles to. */ void md_assemble (str) char *str; { unsigned char *op_start; unsigned char *op_end; struct opinfo *opcode; char name[20]; int nlen = 0; char *p; /* Drop leading whitespace */ while (*str == ' ') str++; /* all opcodes are three letters */ name[0] = str[0]; name[1] = str[1]; name[2] = str[2]; name[3] = 0; tc_cons_reloc = 0; str += 3; opcode = (struct opinfo *) hash_find (opcode_hash_control, name); if (opcode == NULL) { as_bad (_("unknown opcode")); return; } if (opcode->amode != ADDR_IMPLIED && opcode->amode != ADDR_STACK) { get_operands (opcode, str); opcode = get_specific (opcode); } if (opcode == 0) { /* Couldn't find an opcode which matched the operands */ char *where = frag_more (1); where[0] = 0x0; where[1] = 0x0; as_bad (_("invalid operands for opcode")); return; } build_Mytes (opcode); } void tc_crawl_symbol_chain (headers) object_headers *headers; { printf (_("call to tc_crawl_symbol_chain \n")); } symbolS * md_undefined_symbol (name) char *name; { return 0; } void tc_headers_hook (headers) object_headers *headers; { printf (_("call to tc_headers_hook \n")); } /* Various routines to kill one day */ /* Equal to MAX_PRECISION in atof-ieee.c */ #define MAX_LITTLENUMS 6 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant of type type, and store the appropriate bytes in *litP. The number of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in *sizeP . An error message is returned, or NULL on OK. */ char * md_atof (type, litP, sizeP) char type; char *litP; int *sizeP; { int prec; LITTLENUM_TYPE words[MAX_LITTLENUMS]; LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP; char *t; char *atof_ieee (); switch (type) { case 'f': case 'F': case 's': case 'S': prec = 2; break; case 'd': case 'D': case 'r': case 'R': prec = 4; break; case 'x': case 'X': prec = 6; break; case 'p': case 'P': prec = 6; break; default: *sizeP = 0; return _("Bad call to MD_NTOF()"); } t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words); if (t) input_line_pointer = t; *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE); for (wordP = words + prec - 1; prec--;) { md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) (*wordP--), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE)); litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE); } return 0; } int md_parse_option (c,a) int c; char *a; { return 1; } void tc_Nout_fix_to_chars () { printf (_("call to tc_Nout_fix_to_chars \n")); abort (); } /* called after relaxing, change the frags so they know how big they are */ void md_convert_frag (headers, seg, fragP) object_headers *headers; segT seg; fragS *fragP; { int disp_size = 0; int inst_size = 0; unsigned char *buffer = (unsigned char *) (fragP->fr_fix + fragP->fr_literal); switch (fragP->fr_subtype) { case C (COND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP): case C (UNCOND_BRANCH, BYTE_DISP): disp_size = 1; inst_size = 1; break; /* cond branches to a known 16 bit displacement */ case C (COND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP): switch (buffer[0]) { case OP_BCC: case OP_BCS: case OP_BEQ: case OP_BMI: case OP_BNE: case OP_BPL: case OP_BVS: case OP_BVC: /* Invert the sense of the test */ buffer[0] ^= 0x20; buffer[1] = 3; /* Jump over following brl */ buffer[2] = OP_BRL; buffer[3] = 0; buffer[4] = 0; disp_size = 2; inst_size = 3; break; default: abort (); } break; case C (UNCOND_BRANCH, WORD_DISP): /* Unconditional branches to a known 16 bit displacement */ switch (buffer[0]) { case OP_BRA: buffer[0] = OP_BRL; disp_size = 2; inst_size = 1; break; default: abort (); } break; /* got to create a branch over a reloc here */ case C (COND_BRANCH, UNDEF_WORD_DISP): buffer[0] ^= 0x20; /* invert test */ buffer[1] = 3; buffer[2] = OP_BRL; buffer[3] = 0; buffer[4] = 0; fix_new (fragP, fragP->fr_fix + 3, 4, fragP->fr_symbol, fragP->fr_offset, 0, R_W65_PCR16); fragP->fr_fix += disp_size + inst_size; fragP->fr_var = 0; break; case C (UNCOND_BRANCH, UNDEF_WORD_DISP): buffer[0] = OP_BRL; buffer[1] = 0; buffer[2] = 0; fix_new (fragP, fragP->fr_fix + 1, 4, fragP->fr_symbol, fragP->fr_offset, 0, R_W65_PCR16); fragP->fr_fix += disp_size + inst_size; fragP->fr_var = 0; break; default: abort (); } if (inst_size) { /* Get the address of the end of the instruction */ int next_inst = fragP->fr_fix + fragP->fr_address + disp_size + inst_size; int targ_addr = (S_GET_VALUE (fragP->fr_symbol) + fragP->fr_offset); int disp = targ_addr - next_inst; md_number_to_chars (buffer + inst_size, disp, disp_size); fragP->fr_fix += disp_size + inst_size; fragP->fr_var = 0; } } valueT md_section_align (seg, size) segT seg; valueT size; { return ((size + (1 << section_alignment[(int) seg]) - 1) & (-1 << section_alignment[(int) seg])); } void md_apply_fix (fixP, val) fixS *fixP; long val; { char *buf = fixP->fx_where + fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal; int addr = fixP->fx_frag->fr_address + fixP->fx_where; if (fixP->fx_r_type == 0) { if (fixP->fx_size == 1) fixP->fx_r_type = R_W65_ABS8; else fixP->fx_r_type = R_W65_ABS16; } switch (fixP->fx_r_type) { case R_W65_ABS8S16: val >>= 8; case R_W65_ABS8S8: val >>= 8; case R_W65_ABS8: *buf++ = val; break; case R_W65_ABS16S16: val >>= 8; case R_W65_ABS16S8: val >>= 8; case R_W65_ABS16: *buf++ = val >> 0; *buf++ = val >> 8; break; case R_W65_ABS24: *buf++ = val >> 0; *buf++ = val >> 8; *buf++ = val >> 16; break; case R_W65_PCR8: *buf++ = val - addr - 1; break; case R_W65_PCR16: val = val - addr - 1; *buf++ = val; *buf++ = val >> 8; break; case R_W65_DP: *buf++ = val; break; default: abort (); } } /* Put number into target byte order */ void md_number_to_chars (ptr, use, nbytes) char *ptr; valueT use; int nbytes; { number_to_chars_littleendian (ptr, use, nbytes); } long md_pcrel_from (fixP) fixS *fixP; { int gap = fixP->fx_size + fixP->fx_where + fixP->fx_frag->fr_address - 1; return gap; } void tc_coff_symbol_emit_hook (x) symbolS *x; { } short tc_coff_fix2rtype (fix_ptr) fixS *fix_ptr; { return fix_ptr->fx_r_type; } void tc_reloc_mangle (fix_ptr, intr, base) fixS *fix_ptr; struct internal_reloc *intr; bfd_vma base; { symbolS *symbol_ptr; symbol_ptr = fix_ptr->fx_addsy; /* If this relocation is attached to a symbol then it's ok to output it */ if (fix_ptr->fx_r_type == RELOC_32) { /* cons likes to create reloc32's whatever the size of the reloc.. */ switch (fix_ptr->fx_size) { case 2: intr->r_type = R_IMM16; break; case 1: intr->r_type = R_IMM8; break; default: abort (); } } else { if (fix_ptr->fx_size == 4) intr->r_type = R_W65_ABS24; else intr->r_type = fix_ptr->fx_r_type; } intr->r_vaddr = fix_ptr->fx_frag->fr_address + fix_ptr->fx_where + base; intr->r_offset = fix_ptr->fx_offset; /* Turn the segment of the symbol into an offset. */ if (symbol_ptr) { symbolS *dot; dot = segment_info[S_GET_SEGMENT (symbol_ptr)].dot; if (dot) { intr->r_offset += S_GET_VALUE (symbol_ptr); intr->r_symndx = dot->sy_number; } else { intr->r_symndx = symbol_ptr->sy_number; } } else { intr->r_symndx = -1; } } int tc_coff_sizemachdep (frag) fragS *frag; { return md_relax_table[frag->fr_subtype].rlx_length; } /* called just before address relaxation, return the length by which a fragment must grow to reach it's destination */ int md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragP, segment_type) register fragS *fragP; register segT segment_type; { int what = GET_WHAT (fragP->fr_subtype); switch (fragP->fr_subtype) { default: abort (); case C (COND_BRANCH, UNDEF_BYTE_DISP): case C (UNCOND_BRANCH, UNDEF_BYTE_DISP): /* used to be a branch to somewhere which was unknown */ if (S_GET_SEGMENT (fragP->fr_symbol) == segment_type) { /* Got a symbol and it's defined in this segment, become byte sized - maybe it will fix up */ fragP->fr_subtype = C (what, BYTE_DISP); fragP->fr_var = md_relax_table[C (what, BYTE_DISP)].rlx_length; } else { /* Its got a segment, but its not ours, so it will always be long */ fragP->fr_subtype = C (what, UNDEF_WORD_DISP); fragP->fr_var = md_relax_table[C (what, WORD_DISP)].rlx_length; return md_relax_table[C (what, WORD_DISP)].rlx_length; } } return fragP->fr_var; } CONST char *md_shortopts = ""; struct option md_longopts[] = { #define OPTION_RELAX (OPTION_MD_BASE) {NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0} }; void md_show_usage (stream) FILE *stream; { } size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof(md_longopts);