diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'readline/doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/Makefile.in | 135 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/hist.texinfo | 117 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/hstech.texinfo | 515 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo | 398 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/readline.3 | 1181 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/rlman.texinfo | 115 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/rltech.texinfo | 1548 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/rluser.texinfo | 1261 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | readline/doc/texi2dvi | 275 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | readline/doc/texi2html | 2021 |
10 files changed, 7566 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/readline/doc/Makefile.in b/readline/doc/Makefile.in new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2eabb41 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/Makefile.in @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ +# This makefile for Readline library documentation is in -*- text -*- mode. +# Emacs likes it that way. +top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@ +srcdir = @srcdir@ +VPATH = .:@srcdir@ + +prefix = @prefix@ +infodir = @infodir@ + +mandir = @mandir@ +man3dir = $(mandir)/man3 + +RM = rm -f + +TEXINPUTDIR = $(srcdir) + +MAKEINFO = makeinfo +TEXI2DVI = $(srcdir)/texi2dvi +TEXI2HTML = $(srcdir)/texi2html +QUIETPS = #set this to -q to shut up dvips +DVIPS = dvips -D 300 $(QUIETPS) -o $@ # tricky + +INSTALL = @INSTALL@ +INSTALL_PROGRAM = @INSTALL_PROGRAM@ +INSTALL_DATA = @INSTALL_DATA@ + +RLSRC = $(srcdir)/rlman.texinfo $(srcdir)/rluser.texinfo \ + $(srcdir)/rltech.texinfo +HISTSRC = $(srcdir)/hist.texinfo $(srcdir)/hsuser.texinfo \ + $(srcdir)/hstech.texinfo + +# This should be a program that converts troff to an ascii-readable format +NROFF = groff -Tascii + +# This should be a program that converts troff to postscript +GROFF = groff + +DVIOBJ = readline.dvi history.dvi +INFOOBJ = readline.info history.info +PSOBJ = readline.ps history.ps +HTMLOBJ = readline.html history.html +HTMLTOC = readline_toc.html history_toc.html +TEXTOBJ = readline.0 + +CREATED_DOCS = $(DVIOBJ) $(INFOOBJ) $(PSOBJ) $(HTMLOBJ) $(HTMLTOC) $(TEXTOBJ) + +.SUFFIXES: .0 .3 .ps .txt .dvi + +.3.0: + $(RM) $@ + -${NROFF} -man $< > $@ + +all: info dvi html ps text +nodvi: info html text + +readline.dvi: $(RLSRC) + TEXINPUTS=.:$(TEXINPUTDIR):$$TEXINPUTS $(TEXI2DVI) $(srcdir)/rlman.texinfo + mv rlman.dvi readline.dvi + +readline.info: $(RLSRC) + $(MAKEINFO) --no-split -I $(TEXINPUTDIR) -o $@ $(srcdir)/rlman.texinfo + +history.dvi: ${HISTSRC} + TEXINPUTS=.:$(TEXINPUTDIR):$$TEXINPUTS $(TEXI2DVI) $(srcdir)/hist.texinfo + mv hist.dvi history.dvi + +history.info: ${HISTSRC} + $(MAKEINFO) --no-split -I $(TEXINPUTDIR) -o $@ $(srcdir)/hist.texinfo + +readline.ps: readline.dvi + $(RM) $@ + $(DVIPS) readline.dvi + +history.ps: history.dvi + $(RM) $@ + $(DVIPS) history.dvi + +readline.html: ${RLSRC} + $(TEXI2HTML) -I $(TEXINPUTDIR) $(srcdir)/rlman.texinfo + sed -e 's:rlman.html:readline.html:' -e 's:rlman_toc.html:readline_toc.html:' rlman.html > readline.html + sed -e 's:rlman.html:readline.html:' -e 's:rlman_toc.html:readline_toc.html:' rlman_toc.html > readline_toc.html + $(RM) rlman.html rlman_toc.html + +history.html: ${HISTSRC} + $(TEXI2HTML) -I $(TEXINPUTDIR) $(srcdir)/hist.texinfo + sed -e 's:hist.html:history.html:' -e 's:hist_toc.html:history_toc.html:' hist.html > history.html + sed -e 's:hist.html:history.html:' -e 's:hist_toc.html:history_toc.html:' hist_toc.html > history_toc.html + $(RM) hist.html hist_toc.html + +info: $(INFOOBJ) +dvi: $(DVIOBJ) +ps: $(PSOBJ) +html: $(HTMLOBJ) +text: $(TEXTOBJ) + +readline.0: readline.3 + +clean: + $(RM) *.aux *.cp *.fn *.ky *.log *.pg *.toc *.tp *.vr *.cps *.pgs \ + *.fns *.kys *.tps *.vrs *.o core + +distclean: clean + $(RM) $(CREATED_DOCS) + $(RM) Makefile + +mostlyclean: clean + +maintainer-clean: clean + $(RM) $(CREATED_DOCS) + $(RM) Makefile + +installdirs: $(top_srcdir)/support/mkdirs + -$(SHELL) $(top_srcdir)/support/mkdirs $(infodir) $(man3dir) + +install: installdirs info + if test -f readline.info; then \ + ${INSTALL_DATA} readline.info $(infodir)/readline.info; \ + else \ + ${INSTALL_DATA} $(srcdir)/readline.info $(infodir)/readline.info; \ + fi + if test -f history.info; then \ + ${INSTALL_DATA} history.info $(infodir)/history.info; \ + else \ + ${INSTALL_DATA} $(srcdir)/history.info $(infodir)/history.info; \ + fi + if $(SHELL) -c 'install-info --version' >/dev/null 2>&1; then \ + install-info --dir-file=$(infodir)/dir $(infodir)/readline.info ; \ + install-info --dir-file=$(infodir)/dir $(infodir)/history.info ; \ + else true; fi + -${INSTALL_DATA} $(srcdir)/readline.3 $(man3dir)/readline.3 + +uninstall: + $(RM) $(infodir)/readline.info + $(RM) $(infodir)/history.info + $(RM) $(man3dir)/readline.3 diff --git a/readline/doc/hist.texinfo b/readline/doc/hist.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be8742f --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/hist.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- +@c %**start of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@setfilename history.info +@settitle GNU History Library +@c %**end of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) + +@setchapternewpage odd + +@ignore +last change: Thu Apr 2 14:38:22 EST 1998 +@end ignore + +@set EDITION 2.2 +@set VERSION 2.2 +@set UPDATED 2 April 1998 +@set UPDATE-MONTH April 1998 + +@dircategory Libraries +@direntry +* History: (history). The GNU history library API +@end direntry + +@ifinfo +This document describes the GNU History library, a programming tool that +provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines of previously +typed input. + +Copyright (C) 1988, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice +pare preserved on all copies. + +@ignore +Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission +notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph +(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). +@end ignore + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire +resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission +notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, +except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved +by the Foundation. +@end ifinfo + +@titlepage +@title GNU History Library +@subtitle Edition @value{EDITION}, for @code{History Library} Version @value{VERSION}. +@subtitle @value{UPDATE-MONTH} +@author Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation +@author Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University + +@page +This document describes the GNU History library, a programming tool that +provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines of previously +typed input. + +Published by the Free Software Foundation @* +675 Massachusetts Avenue, @* +Cambridge, MA 02139 USA + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice +are preserved on all copies. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire +resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission +notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, +except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved +by the Foundation. + +@vskip 0pt plus 1filll +Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@end titlepage + +@ifinfo +@node Top +@top GNU History Library + +This document describes the GNU History library, a programming tool that +provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines of previously +typed input. + +@menu +* Using History Interactively:: GNU History User's Manual. +* Programming with GNU History:: GNU History Programmer's Manual. +* Concept Index:: Index of concepts described in this manual. +* Function and Variable Index:: Index of externally visible functions + and variables. +@end menu +@end ifinfo + +@syncodeindex fn vr + +@include hsuser.texinfo +@include hstech.texinfo + +@node Concept Index +@appendix Concept Index +@printindex cp + +@node Function and Variable Index +@appendix Function and Variable Index +@printindex vr + +@contents +@bye diff --git a/readline/doc/hstech.texinfo b/readline/doc/hstech.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5410090 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/hstech.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,515 @@ +@ignore +This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library. + +Copyright (C) 1988, 1991, 1994, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey. + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual +provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on +all copies. + +Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission notice +identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph (this +paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the +GNU Copyright statement is available to the distributee, and provided that +the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a +permission notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. +@end ignore + +@node Programming with GNU History +@chapter Programming with GNU History + +This chapter describes how to interface programs that you write +with the GNU History Library. +It should be considered a technical guide. +For information on the interactive use of GNU History, @pxref{Using +History Interactively}. + +@menu +* Introduction to History:: What is the GNU History library for? +* History Storage:: How information is stored. +* History Functions:: Functions that you can use. +* History Variables:: Variables that control behaviour. +* History Programming Example:: Example of using the GNU History Library. +@end menu + +@node Introduction to History +@section Introduction to History + +Many programs read input from the user a line at a time. The GNU History +library is able to keep track of those lines, associate arbitrary data with +each line, and utilize information from previous lines in composing new +ones. + +The programmer using the History library has available functions +for remembering lines on a history list, associating arbitrary data +with a line, removing lines from the list, searching through the list +for a line containing an arbitrary text string, and referencing any line +in the list directly. In addition, a history @dfn{expansion} function +is available which provides for a consistent user interface across +different programs. + +The user using programs written with the History library has the +benefit of a consistent user interface with a set of well-known +commands for manipulating the text of previous lines and using that text +in new commands. The basic history manipulation commands are similar to +the history substitution provided by @code{csh}. + +If the programmer desires, he can use the Readline library, which +includes some history manipulation by default, and has the added +advantage of command line editing. + +@node History Storage +@section History Storage + +The history list is an array of history entries. A history entry is +declared as follows: + +@example +typedef struct _hist_entry @{ + char *line; + char *data; +@} HIST_ENTRY; +@end example + +The history list itself might therefore be declared as + +@example +HIST_ENTRY **the_history_list; +@end example + +The state of the History library is encapsulated into a single structure: + +@example +/* A structure used to pass the current state of the history stuff around. */ +typedef struct _hist_state @{ + HIST_ENTRY **entries; /* Pointer to the entries themselves. */ + int offset; /* The location pointer within this array. */ + int length; /* Number of elements within this array. */ + int size; /* Number of slots allocated to this array. */ + int flags; +@} HISTORY_STATE; +@end example + +If the flags member includes @code{HS_STIFLED}, the history has been +stifled. + +@node History Functions +@section History Functions + +This section describes the calling sequence for the various functions +present in GNU History. + +@menu +* Initializing History and State Management:: Functions to call when you + want to use history in a + program. +* History List Management:: Functions used to manage the list + of history entries. +* Information About the History List:: Functions returning information about + the history list. +* Moving Around the History List:: Functions used to change the position + in the history list. +* Searching the History List:: Functions to search the history list + for entries containing a string. +* Managing the History File:: Functions that read and write a file + containing the history list. +* History Expansion:: Functions to perform csh-like history + expansion. +@end menu + +@node Initializing History and State Management +@subsection Initializing History and State Management + +This section describes functions used to initialize and manage +the state of the History library when you want to use the history +functions in your program. + +@deftypefun void using_history () +Begin a session in which the history functions might be used. This +initializes the interactive variables. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HISTORY_STATE *} history_get_history_state () +Return a structure describing the current state of the input history. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void history_set_history_state (HISTORY_STATE *state) +Set the state of the history list according to @var{state}. +@end deftypefun + +@node History List Management +@subsection History List Management + +These functions manage individual entries on the history list, or set +parameters managing the list itself. + +@deftypefun void add_history (char *string) +Place @var{string} at the end of the history list. The associated data +field (if any) is set to @code{NULL}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY *} remove_history (int which) +Remove history entry at offset @var{which} from the history. The +removed element is returned so you can free the line, data, +and containing structure. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY *} replace_history_entry (int which, char *line, char *data) +Make the history entry at offset @var{which} have @var{line} and @var{data}. +This returns the old entry so you can dispose of the data. In the case +of an invalid @var{which}, a @code{NULL} pointer is returned. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void clear_history () +Clear the history list by deleting all the entries. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void stifle_history (int max) +Stifle the history list, remembering only the last @var{max} entries. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int unstifle_history () +Stop stifling the history. This returns the previous amount the +history was stifled. The value is positive if the history was +stifled, negative if it wasn't. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int history_is_stifled () +Returns non-zero if the history is stifled, zero if it is not. +@end deftypefun + +@node Information About the History List +@subsection Information About the History List + +These functions return information about the entire history list or +individual list entries. + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY **} history_list () +Return a @code{NULL} terminated array of @code{HIST_ENTRY} which is the +current input history. Element 0 of this list is the beginning of time. +If there is no history, return @code{NULL}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int where_history () +Returns the offset of the current history element. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY *} current_history () +Return the history entry at the current position, as determined by +@code{where_history ()}. If there is no entry there, return a @code{NULL} +pointer. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY *} history_get (int offset) +Return the history entry at position @var{offset}, starting from +@code{history_base}. If there is no entry there, or if @var{offset} +is greater than the history length, return a @code{NULL} pointer. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int history_total_bytes () +Return the number of bytes that the primary history entries are using. +This function returns the sum of the lengths of all the lines in the +history. +@end deftypefun + +@node Moving Around the History List +@subsection Moving Around the History List + +These functions allow the current index into the history list to be +set or changed. + +@deftypefun int history_set_pos (int pos) +Set the position in the history list to @var{pos}, an absolute index +into the list. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY *} previous_history () +Back up the current history offset to the previous history entry, and +return a pointer to that entry. If there is no previous entry, return +a @code{NULL} pointer. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {HIST_ENTRY *} next_history () +Move the current history offset forward to the next history entry, and +return the a pointer to that entry. If there is no next entry, return +a @code{NULL} pointer. +@end deftypefun + +@node Searching the History List +@subsection Searching the History List +@cindex History Searching + +These functions allow searching of the history list for entries containing +a specific string. Searching may be performed both forward and backward +from the current history position. The search may be @dfn{anchored}, +meaning that the string must match at the beginning of the history entry. +@cindex anchored search + +@deftypefun int history_search (char *string, int direction) +Search the history for @var{string}, starting at the current history +offset. If @var{direction} < 0, then the search is through previous entries, +else through subsequent. If @var{string} is found, then +the current history index is set to that history entry, and the value +returned is the offset in the line of the entry where +@var{string} was found. Otherwise, nothing is changed, and a -1 is +returned. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int history_search_prefix (char *string, int direction) +Search the history for @var{string}, starting at the current history +offset. The search is anchored: matching lines must begin with +@var{string}. If @var{direction} < 0, then the search is through previous +entries, else through subsequent. If @var{string} is found, then the +current history index is set to that entry, and the return value is 0. +Otherwise, nothing is changed, and a -1 is returned. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int history_search_pos (char *string, int direction, int pos) +Search for @var{string} in the history list, starting at @var{pos}, an +absolute index into the list. If @var{direction} is negative, the search +proceeds backward from @var{pos}, otherwise forward. Returns the absolute +index of the history element where @var{string} was found, or -1 otherwise. +@end deftypefun + +@node Managing the History File +@subsection Managing the History File + +The History library can read the history from and write it to a file. +This section documents the functions for managing a history file. + +@deftypefun int read_history (char *filename) +Add the contents of @var{filename} to the history list, a line at a +time. If @var{filename} is @code{NULL}, then read from +@file{~/.history}. Returns 0 if successful, or errno if not. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int read_history_range (char *filename, int from, int to) +Read a range of lines from @var{filename}, adding them to the history list. +Start reading at line @var{from} and end at @var{to}. If +@var{from} is zero, start at the beginning. If @var{to} is less than +@var{from}, then read until the end of the file. If @var{filename} is +@code{NULL}, then read from @file{~/.history}. Returns 0 if successful, +or @code{errno} if not. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int write_history (char *filename) +Write the current history to @var{filename}, overwriting @var{filename} +if necessary. If @var{filename} is +@code{NULL}, then write the history list to @file{~/.history}. Values +returned are as in @code{read_history ()}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int append_history (int nelements, char *filename) +Append the last @var{nelements} of the history list to @var{filename}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int history_truncate_file (char *filename, int nlines) +Truncate the history file @var{filename}, leaving only the last +@var{nlines} lines. +@end deftypefun + +@node History Expansion +@subsection History Expansion + +These functions implement @code{csh}-like history expansion. + +@deftypefun int history_expand (char *string, char **output) +Expand @var{string}, placing the result into @var{output}, a pointer +to a string (@pxref{History Interaction}). Returns: +@table @code +@item 0 +If no expansions took place (or, if the only change in +the text was the de-slashifying of the history expansion +character); +@item 1 +if expansions did take place; +@item -1 +if there was an error in expansion; +@item 2 +if the returned line should only be displayed, but not executed, +as with the @code{:p} modifier (@pxref{Modifiers}). +@end table + +If an error ocurred in expansion, then @var{output} contains a descriptive +error message. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char *} history_arg_extract (int first, int last, char *string) +Extract a string segment consisting of the @var{first} through @var{last} +arguments present in @var{string}. Arguments are broken up as in Bash. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char *} get_history_event (char *string, int *cindex, int qchar) +Returns the text of the history event beginning at @var{string} + +@var{*cindex}. @var{*cindex} is modified to point to after the event +specifier. At function entry, @var{cindex} points to the index into +@var{string} where the history event specification begins. @var{qchar} +is a character that is allowed to end the event specification in addition +to the ``normal'' terminating characters. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char **} history_tokenize (char *string) +Return an array of tokens parsed out of @var{string}, much as the +shell might. The tokens are split on white space and on the +characters @code{()<>;&|$}, and shell quoting conventions are +obeyed. +@end deftypefun + +@node History Variables +@section History Variables + +This section describes the externally visible variables exported by +the GNU History Library. + +@deftypevar int history_base +The logical offset of the first entry in the history list. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int history_length +The number of entries currently stored in the history list. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int max_input_history +The maximum number of history entries. This must be changed using +@code{stifle_history ()}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar char history_expansion_char +The character that starts a history event. The default is @samp{!}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar char history_subst_char +The character that invokes word substitution if found at the start of +a line. The default is @samp{^}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar char history_comment_char +During tokenization, if this character is seen as the first character +of a word, then it and all subsequent characters up to a newline are +ignored, suppressing history expansion for the remainder of the line. +This is disabled by default. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} history_no_expand_chars +The list of characters which inhibit history expansion if found immediately +following @var{history_expansion_char}. The default is whitespace and +@samp{=}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} history_search_delimiter_chars +The list of additional characters which can delimit a history search +string, in addition to whitespace, @samp{:} and @samp{?} in the case of +a substring search. The default is empty. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int history_quotes_inhibit_expansion +If non-zero, single-quoted words are not scanned for the history expansion +character. The default value is 0. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} history_inhibit_expansion_function +This should be set to the address of a function that takes two arguments: +a @code{char *} (@var{string}) and an integer index into that string (@var{i}). +It should return a non-zero value if the history expansion starting at +@var{string[i]} should not be performed; zero if the expansion should +be done. +It is intended for use by applications like Bash that use the history +expansion character for additional purposes. +By default, this variable is set to NULL. +@end deftypevar + +@node History Programming Example +@section History Programming Example + +The following program demonstrates simple use of the GNU History Library. + +@smallexample +main () +@{ + char line[1024], *t; + int len, done = 0; + + line[0] = 0; + + using_history (); + while (!done) + @{ + printf ("history$ "); + fflush (stdout); + t = fgets (line, sizeof (line) - 1, stdin); + if (t && *t) + @{ + len = strlen (t); + if (t[len - 1] == '\n') + t[len - 1] = '\0'; + @} + + if (!t) + strcpy (line, "quit"); + + if (line[0]) + @{ + char *expansion; + int result; + + result = history_expand (line, &expansion); + if (result) + fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", expansion); + + if (result < 0 || result == 2) + @{ + free (expansion); + continue; + @} + + add_history (expansion); + strncpy (line, expansion, sizeof (line) - 1); + free (expansion); + @} + + if (strcmp (line, "quit") == 0) + done = 1; + else if (strcmp (line, "save") == 0) + write_history ("history_file"); + else if (strcmp (line, "read") == 0) + read_history ("history_file"); + else if (strcmp (line, "list") == 0) + @{ + register HIST_ENTRY **the_list; + register int i; + + the_list = history_list (); + if (the_list) + for (i = 0; the_list[i]; i++) + printf ("%d: %s\n", i + history_base, the_list[i]->line); + @} + else if (strncmp (line, "delete", 6) == 0) + @{ + int which; + if ((sscanf (line + 6, "%d", &which)) == 1) + @{ + HIST_ENTRY *entry = remove_history (which); + if (!entry) + fprintf (stderr, "No such entry %d\n", which); + else + @{ + free (entry->line); + free (entry); + @} + @} + else + @{ + fprintf (stderr, "non-numeric arg given to `delete'\n"); + @} + @} + @} +@} +@end smallexample diff --git a/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo b/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7c4582d --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ +@ignore +This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library. + +Copyright (C) 1988, 1991, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey. + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual +provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on +all copies. + +Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission notice +identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph (this +paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the +GNU Copyright statement is available to the distributee, and provided that +the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a +permission notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. +@end ignore + +@node Using History Interactively +@chapter Using History Interactively + +@ifset BashFeatures +This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library interactively, +from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a user's guide. For +information on using the GNU History Library in other programs, +see the GNU Readline Library Manual. +@end ifset +@ifclear BashFeatures +This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library interactively, +from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a user's guide. For +information on using the GNU History Library in your own programs, +@pxref{Programming with GNU History}. +@end ifclear + +@ifset BashFeatures +@menu +* Bash History Facilities:: How Bash lets you manipulate your command + history. +* Bash History Builtins:: The Bash builtin commands that manipulate + the command history. +* History Interaction:: What it feels like using History as a user. +@end menu +@end ifset +@ifclear BashFeatures +@menu +* History Interaction:: What it feels like using History as a user. +@end menu +@end ifclear + +@ifset BashFeatures +@node Bash History Facilities +@section Bash History Facilities +@cindex command history +@cindex history list + +When the @samp{-o history} option to the @code{set} builtin +is enabled (@pxref{The Set Builtin}), +the shell provides access to the @var{command history}, +the list of commands previously typed. The text of the last +@code{HISTSIZE} +commands (default 500) is saved in a history list. The shell +stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and +variable expansion +but after history expansion is performed, subject to the +values of the shell variables +@code{HISTIGNORE} and @code{HISTCONTROL}. +When the shell starts up, the history is initialized from the +file named by the @code{HISTFILE} variable (default @file{~/.bash_history}). +@code{HISTFILE} is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than +the number of lines specified by the value of the @code{HISTFILESIZE} +variable. When an interactive shell exits, the last +@code{HISTSIZE} lines are copied from the history list to @code{HISTFILE}. +If the @code{histappend} shell option is set (@pxref{Bash Builtins}), +the lines are appended to the history file, +otherwise the history file is overwritten. +If @code{HISTFILE} +is unset, or if the history file is unwritable, the history is +not saved. After saving the history, the history file is truncated +to contain no more than @code{$HISTFILESIZE} +lines. If @code{HISTFILESIZE} is not set, no truncation is performed. + +The builtin command @code{fc} may be used to list or edit and re-execute +a portion of the history list. +The @code{history} builtin can be used to display or modify the history +list and manipulate the history file. +When using the command-line editing, search commands +are available in each editing mode that provide access to the +history list. + +The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history +list. The @code{HISTCONTROL} and @code{HISTIGNORE} +variables may be set to cause the shell to save only a subset of the +commands entered. +The @code{cmdhist} +shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each +line of a multi-line command in the same history entry, adding +semicolons where necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. +The @code{lithist} +shell option causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines +instead of semicolons. +@xref{Bash Builtins}, for a description of @code{shopt}. + +@node Bash History Builtins +@section Bash History Builtins +@cindex history builtins + +Bash provides two builtin commands that allow you to manipulate the +history list and history file. + +@table @code + +@item fc +@comment btindex fc +@example +@code{fc [-e @var{ename}] [-nlr] [@var{first}] [@var{last}]} +@code{fc -s [@var{pat}=@var{rep}] [@var{command}]} +@end example + +Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from @var{first} to +@var{last} is selected from the history list. Both @var{first} and +@var{last} may be specified as a string (to locate the most recent +command beginning with that string) or as a number (an index into the +history list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the +current command number). If @var{last} is not specified it is set to +@var{first}. If @var{first} is not specified it is set to the previous +command for editing and @minus{}16 for listing. If the @samp{-l} flag is +given, the commands are listed on standard output. The @samp{-n} flag +suppresses the command numbers when listing. The @samp{-r} flag +reverses the order of the listing. Otherwise, the editor given by +@var{ename} is invoked on a file containing those commands. If +@var{ename} is not given, the value of the following variable expansion +is used: @code{$@{FCEDIT:-$@{EDITOR:-vi@}@}}. This says to use the +value of the @code{FCEDIT} variable if set, or the value of the +@code{EDITOR} variable if that is set, or @code{vi} if neither is set. +When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and executed. + +In the second form, @var{command} is re-executed after each instance +of @var{pat} in the selected command is replaced by @var{rep}. + +A useful alias to use with the @code{fc} command is @code{r='fc -s'}, so +that typing @samp{r cc} runs the last command beginning with @code{cc} +and typing @samp{r} re-executes the last command (@pxref{Aliases}). + +@item history +@comment btindex history +@example +history [-c] [@var{n}] +history [-anrw] [@var{filename}] +history -ps @var{arg} +@end example + +Display the history list with line numbers. Lines prefixed with +with a @samp{*} have been modified. An argument of @var{n} says +to list only the last @var{n} lines. Options, if supplied, have +the following meanings: + +@table @code +@item -w +Write out the current history to the history file. + +@item -r +Read the current history file and append its contents to +the history list. + +@item -a +Append the new +history lines (history lines entered since the beginning of the +current Bash session) to the history file. + +@item -n +Append the history lines not already read from the history file +to the current history list. These are lines appended to the history +file since the beginning of the current Bash session. + +@item -c +Clear the history list. This may be combined +with the other options to replace the history list completely. + +@item -s +The @var{arg}s are added to the end of +the history list as a single entry. + +@item -p +Perform history substitution on the @var{arg}s and display the result +on the standard output, without storing the results in the history list. +@end table + +When the @samp{-w}, @samp{-r}, @samp{-a}, or @samp{-n} option is +used, if @var{filename} +is given, then it is used as the history file. If not, then +the value of the @code{HISTFILE} variable is used. + +@end table +@end ifset + +@node History Interaction +@section History Expansion +@cindex history expansion + +The History library provides a history expansion feature that is similar +to the history expansion provided by @code{csh}. This section +describes the syntax used to manipulate the history information. + +History expansions introduce words from the history list into +the input stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the +arguments to a previous command into the current input line, or +fix errors in previous commands quickly. + +History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine +which line from the history list should be used during substitution. +The second is to select portions of that line for inclusion into the +current one. The line selected from the history is called the +@dfn{event}, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are +called @dfn{words}. Various @dfn{modifiers} are available to manipulate +the selected words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion +that Bash does, so that several words +surrounded by quotes are considered one word. +History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the +history expansion character, which is @samp{!} by default. +@ifset BashFeatures +Only @samp{\} and @samp{'} may be used to escape the history expansion +character. +@end ifset + +@ifset BashFeatures +Several shell options settable with the @code{shopt} +builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins}) may be used to tailor +the behavior of history expansion. If the +@code{histverify} shell option is enabled, and Readline +is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to +the shell parser. +Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the Readline +editing buffer for further modification. +If Readline is being used, and the @code{histreedit} +shell option is enabled, a failed history expansion will be +reloaded into the Readline editing buffer for correction. +The @samp{-p} option to the @code{history} builtin command +may be used to see what a history expansion will do before using it. +The @samp{-s} option to the @code{history} builtin may be used to +add commands to the end of the history list without actually executing +them, so that they are available for subsequent recall. +This is most useful in conjunction with Readline. + +The shell allows control of the various characters used by the +history expansion mechanism with the @code{histchars} variable. +@end ifset + +@menu +* Event Designators:: How to specify which history line to use. +* Word Designators:: Specifying which words are of interest. +* Modifiers:: Modifying the results of substitution. +@end menu + +@node Event Designators +@subsection Event Designators +@cindex event designators + +An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the +history list. +@cindex history events + +@table @asis + +@item @code{!} +Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab, +the end of the line, @samp{=} or @samp{(}. + +@item @code{!@var{n}} +Refer to command line @var{n}. + +@item @code{!-@var{n}} +Refer to the command @var{n} lines back. + +@item @code{!!} +Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for @samp{!-1}. + +@item @code{!@var{string}} +Refer to the most recent command starting with @var{string}. + +@item @code{!?@var{string}[?]} +Refer to the most recent command containing @var{string}. The trailing +@samp{?} may be omitted if the @var{string} is followed immediately by +a newline. + +@item @code{^@var{string1}^@var{string2}^} +Quick Substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing @var{string1} +with @var{string2}. Equivalent to +@code{!!:s/@var{string1}/@var{string2}/}. + +@item @code{!#} +The entire command line typed so far. + +@end table + +@node Word Designators +@subsection Word Designators + +Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. +A @samp{:} separates the event specification from the word designator. It +may be omitted if the word designator begins with a @samp{^}, @samp{$}, +@samp{*}, @samp{-}, or @samp{%}. Words are numbered from the beginning +of the line, with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero). Words are +inserted into the current line separated by single spaces. + +@table @code + +@item 0 (zero) +The @code{0}th word. For many applications, this is the command word. + +@item @var{n} +The @var{n}th word. + +@item ^ +The first argument; that is, word 1. + +@item $ +The last argument. + +@item % +The word matched by the most recent @samp{?@var{string}?} search. + +@item @var{x}-@var{y} +A range of words; @samp{-@var{y}} abbreviates @samp{0-@var{y}}. + +@item * +All of the words, except the @code{0}th. This is a synonym for @samp{1-$}. +It is not an error to use @samp{*} if there is just one word in the event; +the empty string is returned in that case. + +@item @var{x}* +Abbreviates @samp{@var{x}-$} + +@item @var{x}- +Abbreviates @samp{@var{x}-$} like @samp{@var{x}*}, but omits the last word. + +@end table + +If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the +previous command is used as the event. + +@node Modifiers +@subsection Modifiers + +After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or more +of the following modifiers, each preceded by a @samp{:}. + +@table @code + +@item h +Remove a trailing pathname component, leaving only the head. + +@item t +Remove all leading pathname components, leaving the tail. + +@item r +Remove a trailing suffix of the form @samp{.@var{suffix}}, leaving +the basename. + +@item e +Remove all but the trailing suffix. + +@item p +Print the new command but do not execute it. + +@ifset BashFeatures +@item q +Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions. + +@item x +Quote the substituted words as with @samp{q}, +but break into words at spaces, tabs, and newlines. +@end ifset + +@item s/@var{old}/@var{new}/ +Substitute @var{new} for the first occurrence of @var{old} in the +event line. Any delimiter may be used in place of @samp{/}. +The delimiter may be quoted in @var{old} and @var{new} +with a single backslash. If @samp{&} appears in @var{new}, +it is replaced by @var{old}. A single backslash will quote +the @samp{&}. The final delimiter is optional if it is the last +character on the input line. + +@item & +Repeat the previous substitution. + +@item g +Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. Used in +conjunction with @samp{s}, as in @code{gs/@var{old}/@var{new}/}, +or with @samp{&}. + +@end table diff --git a/readline/doc/readline.3 b/readline/doc/readline.3 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bb9f759 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/readline.3 @@ -0,0 +1,1181 @@ +.\" +.\" MAN PAGE COMMENTS to +.\" +.\" Chet Ramey +.\" Information Network Services +.\" Case Western Reserve University +.\" chet@ins.CWRU.Edu +.\" +.\" Last Change: Thu Feb 19 10:26:47 EST 1998 +.\" +.TH READLINE 3 "1998 Feb 19" GNU +.\" +.\" File Name macro. This used to be `.PN', for Path Name, +.\" but Sun doesn't seem to like that very much. +.\" +.de FN +\fI\|\\$1\|\fP +.. +.SH NAME +readline \- get a line from a user with editing +.SH SYNOPSIS +.LP +.nf +.ft B +#include <readline.h> +#include <history.h> +.ft +.fi +.LP +.nf +.ft B +char *readline (prompt) +char *prompt; +.ft +.fi +.SH COPYRIGHT +.if n Readline is Copyright (C) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.if t Readline is Copyright \(co 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.SH DESCRIPTION +.LP +.B readline +will read a line from the terminal +and return it, using +.B prompt +as a prompt. If +.B prompt +is null, no prompt is issued. The line returned is allocated with +.IR malloc (3), +so the caller must free it when finished. The line returned +has the final newline removed, so only the text of the line +remains. +.LP +.B readline +offers editing capabilities while the user is entering the +line. +By default, the line editing commands +are similar to those of emacs. +A vi\-style line editing interface is also available. +.SH RETURN VALUE +.LP +.B readline +returns the text of the line read. A blank line +returns the empty string. If +.B EOF +is encountered while reading a line, and the line is empty, +.B NULL +is returned. If an +.B EOF +is read with a non\-empty line, it is +treated as a newline. +.SH NOTATION +.LP +An emacs-style notation is used to denote +keystrokes. Control keys are denoted by C\-\fIkey\fR, e.g., C\-n +means Control\-N. Similarly, +.I meta +keys are denoted by M\-\fIkey\fR, so M\-x means Meta\-X. (On keyboards +without a +.I meta +key, M\-\fIx\fP means ESC \fIx\fP, i.e., press the Escape key +then the +.I x +key. This makes ESC the \fImeta prefix\fP. +The combination M\-C\-\fIx\fP means ESC\-Control\-\fIx\fP, +or press the Escape key +then hold the Control key while pressing the +.I x +key.) +.PP +Readline commands may be given numeric +.IR arguments , +which normally act as a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the +sign of the argument that is significant. Passing a negative argument +to a command that acts in the forward direction (e.g., \fBkill\-line\fP) +causes that command to act in a backward direction. Commands whose +behavior with arguments deviates from this are noted. +.PP +When a command is described as \fIkilling\fP text, the text +deleted is saved for possible future retrieval +(\fIyanking\fP). The killed text is saved in a +\fIkill ring\fP. Consecutive kills cause the text to be +accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once. +Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text +on the kill ring. +.SH INITIALIZATION FILE +.LP +Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization +file (the \fIinputrc\fP file). +The name of this file is taken from the value of the +.B INPUTRC +environment variable. If that variable is unset, the default is +.IR ~/.inputrc . +When a program which uses the readline library starts up, the +init file is read, and the key bindings and variables are set. +There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the +readline init file. Blank lines are ignored. +Lines beginning with a \fB#\fP are comments. +Lines beginning with a \fB$\fP indicate conditional constructs. +Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings. +Each program using this library may add its own commands +and bindings. +.PP +For example, placing +.RS +.PP +M\-Control\-u: universal\-argument +.RE +or +.RS +C\-Meta\-u: universal\-argument +.RE +into the +.I inputrc +would make M\-C\-u execute the readline command +.IR universal\-argument . +.PP +The following symbolic character names are recognized while +processing key bindings: +.IR RUBOUT , +.IR DEL , +.IR ESC , +.IR LFD , +.IR NEWLINE , +.IR RET , +.IR RETURN , +.IR SPC , +.IR SPACE , +and +.IR TAB . +In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound +to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a \fImacro\fP). +.PP +.SS Key Bindings +.PP +The syntax for controlling key bindings in the +.I inputrc +file is simple. All that is required is the name of the +command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which +it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways: +as a symbolic key name, possibly with \fIMeta\-\fP or \fIControl\-\fP +prefixes, or as a key sequence. +When using the form \fBkeyname\fP:\^\fIfunction-name\fP or \fImacro\fP, +.I keyname +is the name of a key spelled out in English. For example: +.sp +.RS +Control\-u: universal\-argument +.br +Meta\-Rubout: backward\-kill\-word +.br +Control\-o: ">&output" +.RE +.LP +In the above example, +.I C\-u +is bound to the function +.BR universal\-argument , +.I M-DEL +is bound to the function +.BR backward\-kill\-word , +and +.I C\-o +is bound to run the macro +expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text +.I >&output +into the line). +.PP +In the second form, \fB"keyseq"\fP:\^\fIfunction\-name\fP or \fImacro\fP, +.B keyseq +differs from +.B keyname +above in that strings denoting +an entire key sequence may be specified by placing the sequence +within double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key escapes can be +used, as in the following example. +.sp +.RS +"\eC\-u": universal\-argument +.br +"\eC\-x\eC\-r": re\-read\-init\-file +.br +"\ee[11~": "Function Key 1" +.RE +.PP +In this example, +.I C-u +is again bound to the function +.BR universal\-argument . +.I "C-x C-r" +is bound to the function +.BR re\-read\-init\-file , +and +.I "ESC [ 1 1 ~" +is bound to insert the text +.BR "Function Key 1" . +The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is +.RS +.PD 0 +.TP +.B \eC\- +control prefix +.TP +.B \eM\- +meta prefix +.TP +.B \ee +an escape character +.TP +.B \e\e +backslash +.TP +.B \e" +literal " +.TP +.B \e' +literal ' +.RE +.PD +.PP +In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second +set of backslash escapes is available: +.RS +.PD 0 +.TP +.B \ea +alert (bell) +.TP +.B \eb +backspace +.TP +.B \ed +delete +.TP +.B \ef +form feed +.TP +.B \en +newline +.TP +.B \er +carriage return +.TP +.B \et +horizontal tab +.TP +.B \ev +vertical tab +.TP +.B \e\fInnn\fP +the character whose ASCII code is the octal value \fInnn\fP +(one to three digits) +.TP +.B \ex\fInnn\fP +the character whose ASCII code is the hexadecimal value \fInnn\fP +(one to three digits) +.RE +.PD +.PP +When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes should +be used to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted text +is assumed to be a function name. +In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded. +Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text, +including " and '. +.PP +.B Bash +allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modified +with the +.B bind +builtin command. The editing mode may be switched during interactive +use by using the +.B \-o +option to the +.B set +builtin command. Other programs using this library provide +similar mechanisms. The +.I inputrc +file may be edited and re-read if a program does not provide +any other means to incorporate new bindings. +.SS Variables +.PP +Readline has variables that can be used to further customize its +behavior. A variable may be set in the +.I inputrc +file with a statement of the form +.RS +.PP +\fBset\fP \fIvariable\-name\fP \fIvalue\fP +.RE +.PP +Except where noted, readline variables can take the values +.B On +or +.BR Off . +The variables and their default values are: +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B bell\-style (audible) +Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal bell. +If set to \fBnone\fP, readline never rings the bell. If set to +\fBvisible\fP, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. +If set to \fBaudible\fP, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell. +.TP +.B comment\-begin (``#'') +The string that is inserted in \fBvi\fP mode when the +.B insert\-comment +command is executed. +This command is bound to +.B M\-# +in emacs mode and to +.B # +in vi command mode. +.TP +.B completion\-ignore\-case (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, readline performs filename matching and completion +in a case\-insensitive fashion. +.TP +.B completion\-query\-items (100) +This determines when the user is queried about viewing +the number of possible completions +generated by the \fBpossible\-completions\fP command. +It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to +zero. If the number of possible completions is greater than +or equal to the value of this variable, the user is asked whether +or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are simply listed +on the terminal. +.TP +.B convert\-meta (On) +If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will convert characters with the +eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence +by stripping the eighth bit and prepending an +escape character (in effect, using escape as the \fImeta prefix\fP). +.TP +.B disable\-completion (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion +characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been +mapped to \fBself-insert\fP. +.TP +.B editing\-mode (emacs) +Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings similar +to \fIemacs\fP or \fIvi\fP. +.B editing\-mode +can be set to either +.B emacs +or +.BR vi . +.TP +.B enable\-keypad (Off) +When set to \fBOn\fP, readline will try to enable the application +keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the +arrow keys. +.TP +.B expand\-tilde (Off) +If set to \fBon\fP, tilde expansion is performed when readline +attempts word completion. +.TP +.B horizontal\-scroll\-mode (Off) +When set to \fBOn\fP, makes readline use a single line for display, +scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it +becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a new line. +.TP +.B keymap (emacs) +Set the current readline keymap. The set of legal keymap names is +\fIemacs, emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move, +vi-command\fP, and +.IR vi-insert . +\fIvi\fP is equivalent to \fIvi-command\fP; \fIemacs\fP is +equivalent to \fIemacs-standard\fP. The default value is +.IR emacs ; +the value of +.B editing\-mode +also affects the default keymap. +.TP +.B mark\-directories (On) +If set to \fBOn\fP, complete<d directory names have a slash +appended. +.TP +.B mark\-modified\-lines (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, history lines that have been modified are displayed +with a preceding asterisk (\fB*\fP). +.TP +.B meta\-flag (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, +it will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads), +regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. +.TP +.B output\-meta (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display characters with the +eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape +sequence. +.TP +.B print\-completions\-horizontally (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display completions with matches +sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen. +.TP +.B show\-all\-if\-ambiguous (Off) +This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If +set to +.BR on , +words which have more than one possible completion cause the +matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. +.TP +.B visible\-stats (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported +by \fBstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible +completions. +.PD +.SS Conditional Constructs +.PP +Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional +compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key +bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result +of tests. There are four parser directives used. +.IP \fB$if\fP +The +.B $if +construct allows bindings to be made based on the +editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using +readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line; +no characters are required to isolate it. +.RS +.IP \fBmode\fP +The \fBmode=\fP form of the \fB$if\fP directive is used to test +whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. +This may be used in conjunction +with the \fBset keymap\fP command, for instance, to set bindings in +the \fIemacs-standard\fP and \fIemacs-ctlx\fP keymaps only if +readline is starting out in emacs mode. +.IP \fBterm\fP +The \fBterm=\fP form may be used to include terminal-specific +key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by the +terminal's function keys. The word on the right side of the +.B = +is tested against the full name of the terminal and the portion +of the terminal name before the first \fB\-\fP. This allows +.I sun +to match both +.I sun +and +.IR sun\-cmd , +for instance. +.IP \fBapplication\fP +The \fBapplication\fP construct is used to include +application-specific settings. Each program using the readline +library sets the \fIapplication name\fP, and an initialization +file can test for a particular value. +This could be used to bind key sequences to functions useful for +a specific program. For instance, the following command adds a +key sequence that quotes the current or previous word in Bash: +.sp 1 +.RS +.nf +\fB$if\fP bash +# Quote the current or previous word +"\eC-xq": "\eeb\e"\eef\e"" +\fB$endif\fP +.fi +.RE +.RE +.IP \fB$endif\fP +This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an +\fB$if\fP command. +.IP \fB$else\fP +Commands in this branch of the \fB$if\fP directive are executed if +the test fails. +.IP \fB$include\fP +This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads commands +and bindings from that file. For example, the following directive +would read \fI/etc/inputrc\fP: +.sp 1 +.RS +.nf +\fB$include\fP \^ \fI/etc/inputrc\fP +.fi +.RE +.SH SEARCHING +.PP +Readline provides commands for searching through the command history +for lines containing a specified string. +There are two search modes: +.I incremental +and +.IR non-incremental . +.PP +Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the +search string. +As each character of the search string is typed, readline displays +the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far. +An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to +find the desired history entry. +The Escape character is used to terminate an incremental search. +Control-J will also terminate the search. +Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original +line. +When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the +search string becomes the current line. +To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or +Control-R as appropriate. +This will search backward or forward in the history for the next +line matching the search string typed so far. +Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate +the search and execute that command. +For instance, a \fInewline\fP will terminate the search and accept +the line, thereby executing the command from the history list. +.PP +Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting +to search for matching history lines. The search string may be +typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line. +.SH EDITING COMMANDS +.PP +The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default +key sequences to which they are bound. +Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default. +.SS Commands for Moving +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B beginning\-of\-line (C\-a) +Move to the start of the current line. +.TP +.B end\-of\-line (C\-e) +Move to the end of the line. +.TP +.B forward\-char (C\-f) +Move forward a character. +.TP +.B backward\-char (C\-b) +Move back a character. +.TP +.B forward\-word (M\-f) +Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of +alphanumeric characters (letters and digits). +.TP +.B backward\-word (M\-b) +Move back to the start of this, or the previous, word. Words are +composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits). +.TP +.B clear\-screen (C\-l) +Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen. +With an argument, refresh the current line without clearing the +screen. +.TP +.B redraw\-current\-line +Refresh the current line. +.PD +.SS Commands for Manipulating the History +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B accept\-line (Newline, Return) +Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is +non-empty, add it to the history list. If the line is a modified +history line, then restore the history line to its original state. +.TP +.B previous\-history (C\-p) +Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in +the list. +.TP +.B next\-history (C\-n) +Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in the +list. +.TP +.B beginning\-of\-history (M\-<) +Move to the first line in the history. +.TP +.B end\-of\-history (M\->) +Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently being +entered. +.TP +.B reverse\-search\-history (C\-r) +Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through +the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. +.TP +.B forward\-search\-history (C\-s) +Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through +the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. +.TP +.B non\-incremental\-reverse\-search\-history (M\-p) +Search backward through the history starting at the current line +using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the user. +.TP +.B non\-incremental\-forward\-search\-history (M\-n) +Search forward through the history using a non-incremental search +for a string supplied by the user. +.TP +.B history\-search\-forward +Search forward through the history for the string of characters +between the start of the current line and the current cursor +position (the \fIpoint\fP). +This is a non-incremental search. +.TP +.B history\-search\-backward +Search backward through the history for the string of characters +between the start of the current line and the point. +This is a non-incremental search. +.TP +.B yank\-nth\-arg (M\-C\-y) +Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually +the second word on the previous line) at point (the current +cursor position). With an argument +.IR n , +insert the \fIn\fPth word from the previous command (the words +in the previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument +inserts the \fIn\fPth word from the end of the previous command. +.TP +.B +yank\-last\-arg (M\-.\^, M\-_\^) +Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word of +the previous history entry). With an argument, +behave exactly like \fByank\-nth\-arg\fP. +Successive calls to \fByank\-last\-arg\fP move back through the history +list, inserting the last argument of each line in turn. +.PD +.SS Commands for Changing Text +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B delete\-char (C\-d) +Delete the character under the cursor. If point is at the +beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and +the last character typed was not bound to \fBBdelete\-char\fP, then return +.SM +.BR EOF . +.TP +.B backward\-delete\-char (Rubout) +Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric argument, +save the deleted text on the kill ring. +.TP +.B quoted\-insert (C\-q, C\-v) +Add the next character that you type to the line verbatim. This is +how to insert characters like \fBC\-q\fP, for example. +.TP +.B tab\-insert (M-TAB) +Insert a tab character. +.TP +.B self\-insert (a,\ b,\ A,\ 1,\ !,\ ...) +Insert the character typed. +.TP +.B transpose\-chars (C\-t) +Drag the character before point forward over the character at point. +Point moves forward as well. If point is at the end of the line, then +transpose the two characters before point. Negative arguments don't work. +.TP +.B transpose\-words (M\-t) +Drag the word behind the cursor past the word in front of the cursor +moving the cursor over that word as well. +.TP +.B upcase\-word (M\-u) +Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +uppercase the previous word, but do not move point. +.TP +.B downcase\-word (M\-l) +Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +lowercase the previous word, but do not move point. +.TP +.B capitalize\-word (M\-c) +Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +capitalize the previous word, but do not move point. +.PD +.SS Killing and Yanking +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B kill\-line (C\-k) +Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line. +.TP +.B backward\-kill\-line (C\-x Rubout) +Kill backward to the beginning of the line. +.TP +.B unix\-line\-discard (C\-u) +Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. +The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. +.\" There is no real difference between this and backward-kill-line +.TP +.B kill\-whole\-line +Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where the +cursor is. +.TP +.B kill\-word (M\-d) +Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between +words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same as +those used by \fBforward\-word\fP. +.TP +.B backward\-kill\-word (M\-Rubout) +Kill the word behind the cursor. Word boundaries are the same as +those used by \fBbackward\-word\fP. +.TP +.B unix\-word\-rubout (C\-w) +Kill the word behind the cursor, using white space as a word boundary. +The word boundaries are different from +.BR backward\-kill\-word . +.TP +.B delete\-horizontal\-space (M\-\e) +Delete all spaces and tabs around point. +.TP +.B kill\-region +Kill the text between the point and \fImark\fP (saved cursor position). +This text is referred to as the \fIregion\fP. +.TP +.B copy\-region\-as\-kill +Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer. +.TP +.B copy\-backward\-word +Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. +The word boundaries are the same as \fBbackward\-word\fP. +.TP +.B copy\-forward\-word +Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. +The word boundaries are the same as \fBforward\-word\fP. +.TP +.B yank (C\-y) +Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at the cursor. +.TP +.B yank\-pop (M\-y) +Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works following +.B yank +or +.BR yank\-pop . +.PD +.SS Numeric Arguments +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B digit\-argument (M\-0, M\-1, ..., M\-\-) +Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new +argument. M\-\- starts a negative argument. +.TP +.B universal\-argument +This is another way to specify an argument. +If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a +leading minus sign, those digits define the argument. +If the command is followed by digits, executing +.B universal\-argument +again ends the numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. +As a special case, if this command is immediately followed by a +character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count +for the next command is multiplied by four. +The argument count is initially one, so executing this function the +first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the +argument count sixteen, and so on. +.PD +.SS Completing +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B complete (TAB) +Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. +The actual completion performed is application-specific. +.BR Bash , +for instance, attempts completion treating the text as a variable +(if the text begins with \fB$\fP), username (if the text begins with +\fB~\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or +command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none +of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted. +.BR Gdb , +on the other hand, +allows completion of program functions and variables, and +only attempts filename completion under certain circumstances. +.TP +.B possible\-completions (M\-?) +List the possible completions of the text before point. +.TP +.B insert\-completions (M\-*) +Insert all completions of the text before point +that would have been generated by +\fBpossible\-completions\fP. +.TP +.B menu\-complete +Similar to \fBcomplete\fP, but replaces the word to be completed +with a single match from the list of possible completions. +Repeated execution of \fBmenu\-complete\fP steps through the list +of possible completions, inserting each match in turn. +At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung and the +original text is restored. +An argument of \fIn\fP moves \fIn\fP positions forward in the list +of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward +through the list. +This command is intended to be bound to \fBTAB\fP, but is unbound +by default. +.PD +.SS Keyboard Macros +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B start\-kbd\-macro (C\-x (\^) +Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro. +.TP +.B end\-kbd\-macro (C\-x )\^) +Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro +and store the definition. +.TP +.B call\-last\-kbd\-macro (C\-x e) +Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters +in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. +.PD +.SS Miscellaneous +.PP +.PD 0 +.TP +.B re\-read\-init\-file (C\-x C\-r) +Read in the contents of the \fIinputrc\fP file, and incorporate +any bindings or variable assignments found there. +.TP +.B abort (C\-g) +Abort the current editing command and +ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of +.BR bell\-style ). +.TP +.B do\-uppercase\-version (M\-a, M\-b, M\-\fIx\fP, ...) +If the metafied character \fIx\fP is lowercase, run the command +that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character. +.TP +.B prefix\-meta (ESC) +Metafy the next character typed. +.SM +.B ESC +.B f +is equivalent to +.BR Meta\-f . +.TP +.B undo (C\-_, C\-x C\-u) +Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. +.TP +.B revert\-line (M\-r) +Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the +.B undo +command enough times to return the line to its initial state. +.TP +.B tilde\-expand (M\-~) +Perform tilde expansion on the current word. +.TP +.B set\-mark (C\-@, M-<space>) +Set the mark to the current point. If a +numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position. +.TP +.B exchange\-point\-and\-mark (C\-x C\-x) +Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to +the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark. +.TP +.B character\-search (C\-]) +A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that +character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences. +.TP +.B character\-search\-backward (M\-C\-]) +A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that +character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences. +.TP +.B insert\-comment (M\-#) +The value of the readline +.B comment\-begin +variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line, and the line +is accepted as if a newline had been typed. This makes the current line +a shell comment. +.TP +.B dump\-functions +Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the +readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an \fIinputrc\fP file. +.TP +.B dump\-variables +Print all of the settable variables and their values to the +readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an \fIinputrc\fP file. +.TP +.B dump\-macros +Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the +strings they ouput. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an \fIinputrc\fP file. +.TP +.B emacs\-editing\-mode (C\-e) +When in +.B vi +editing mode, this causes a switch to +.B emacs +editing mode. +.TP +.B vi\-editing\-mode (M\-C\-j) +When in +.B emacs +editing mode, this causes a switch to +.B vi +editing mode. +.PD +.SH DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS +.LP +The following is a list of the default emacs and vi bindings. +Characters with the 8th bit set are written as M\-<character>, and +are referred to as +.I metafied +characters. +The printable ASCII characters not mentioned in the list of emacs +standard bindings are bound to the +.I self\-insert +function, which just inserts the given character into the input line. +In vi insertion mode, all characters not specifically mentioned are +bound to +.IR self\-insert . +Characters assigned to signal generation by +.IR stty (1) +or the terminal driver, such as C-Z or C-C, +retain that function. +Upper and lower case +.I metafied +characters are bound to the same function in the emacs mode +meta keymap. +The remaining characters are unbound, which causes readline +to ring the bell (subject to the setting of the +.B bell\-style +variable). +.SS Emacs Mode +.RS +.6i +.nf +.ta 2.5i +.sp +Emacs Standard bindings +.sp +"C-@" set-mark +"C-A" beginning-of-line +"C-B" backward-char +"C-D" delete-char +"C-E" end-of-line +"C-F" forward-char +"C-G" abort +"C-H" backward-delete-char +"C-I" complete +"C-J" accept-line +"C-K" kill-line +"C-L" clear-screen +"C-M" accept-line +"C-N" next-history +"C-P" previous-history +"C-Q" quoted-insert +"C-R" reverse-search-history +"C-S" forward-search-history +"C-T" transpose-chars +"C-U" unix-line-discard +"C-V" quoted-insert +"C-W" unix-word-rubout +"C-Y" yank +"C-]" character-search +"C-_" undo +"\^ " to "/" self-insert +"0" to "9" self-insert +":" to "~" self-insert +"C-?" backward-delete-char +.PP +Emacs Meta bindings +.sp +"M-C-G" abort +"M-C-H" backward-kill-word +"M-C-I" tab-insert +"M-C-J" vi-editing-mode +"M-C-M" vi-editing-mode +"M-C-R" revert-line +"M-C-Y" yank-nth-arg +"M-C-[" complete +"M-C-]" character-search-backward +"M-space" set-mark +"M-#" insert-comment +"M-&" tilde-expand +"M-*" insert-completions +"M--" digit-argument +"M-." yank-last-arg +"M-0" digit-argument +"M-1" digit-argument +"M-2" digit-argument +"M-3" digit-argument +"M-4" digit-argument +"M-5" digit-argument +"M-6" digit-argument +"M-7" digit-argument +"M-8" digit-argument +"M-9" digit-argument +"M-<" beginning-of-history +"M-=" possible-completions +"M->" end-of-history +"M-?" possible-completions +"M-B" backward-word +"M-C" capitalize-word +"M-D" kill-word +"M-F" forward-word +"M-L" downcase-word +"M-N" non-incremental-forward-search-history +"M-P" non-incremental-reverse-search-history +"M-R" revert-line +"M-T" transpose-words +"M-U" upcase-word +"M-Y" yank-pop +"M-\e" delete-horizontal-space +"M-~" tilde-expand +"M-C-?" backward-delete-word +"M-_" yank-last-arg +.PP +Emacs Control-X bindings +.sp +"C-XC-G" abort +"C-XC-R" re-read-init-file +"C-XC-U" undo +"C-XC-X" exchange-point-and-mark +"C-X(" start-kbd-macro +"C-X)" end-kbd-macro +"C-XE" call-last-kbd-macro +"C-XC-?" backward-kill-line +.sp +.RE +.SS VI Mode bindings +.RS +.6i +.nf +.ta 2.5i +.sp +.PP +VI Insert Mode functions +.sp +"C-D" vi-eof-maybe +"C-H" backward-delete-char +"C-I" complete +"C-J" accept-line +"C-M" accept-line +"C-R" reverse-search-history +"C-S" forward-search-history +"C-T" transpose-chars +"C-U" unix-line-discard +"C-V" quoted-insert +"C-W" unix-word-rubout +"C-Y" yank +"C-[" vi-movement-mode +"C-_" undo +"\^ " to "~" self-insert +"C-?" backward-delete-char +.PP +VI Command Mode functions +.sp +"C-D" vi-eof-maybe +"C-E" emacs-editing-mode +"C-G" abort +"C-H" backward-char +"C-J" accept-line +"C-K" kill-line +"C-L" clear-screen +"C-M" accept-line +"C-N" next-history +"C-P" previous-history +"C-Q" quoted-insert +"C-R" reverse-search-history +"C-S" forward-search-history +"C-T" transpose-chars +"C-U" unix-line-discard +"C-V" quoted-insert +"C-W" unix-word-rubout +"C-Y" yank +"\^ " forward-char +"#" insert-comment +"$" end-of-line +"%" vi-match +"&" vi-tilde-expand +"*" vi-complete +"+" next-history +"," vi-char-search +"-" previous-history +"." vi-redo +"/" vi-search +"0" beginning-of-line +"1" to "9" vi-arg-digit +";" vi-char-search +"=" vi-complete +"?" vi-search +"A" vi-append-eol +"B" vi-prev-word +"C" vi-change-to +"D" vi-delete-to +"E" vi-end-word +"F" vi-char-search +"G" vi-fetch-history +"I" vi-insert-beg +"N" vi-search-again +"P" vi-put +"R" vi-replace +"S" vi-subst +"T" vi-char-search +"U" revert-line +"W" vi-next-word +"X" backward-delete-char +"Y" vi-yank-to +"\e" vi-complete +"^" vi-first-print +"_" vi-yank-arg +"`" vi-goto-mark +"a" vi-append-mode +"b" vi-prev-word +"c" vi-change-to +"d" vi-delete-to +"e" vi-end-word +"f" vi-char-search +"h" backward-char +"i" vi-insertion-mode +"j" next-history +"k" prev-history +"l" forward-char +"m" vi-set-mark +"n" vi-search-again +"p" vi-put +"r" vi-change-char +"s" vi-subst +"t" vi-char-search +"u" undo +"w" vi-next-word +"x" vi-delete +"y" vi-yank-to +"|" vi-column +"~" vi-change-case +.RE +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.PD 0 +.TP +\fIThe Gnu Readline Library\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey +.TP +\fIThe Gnu History Library\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey +.TP +\fIbash\fP(1) +.PD +.SH FILES +.PD 0 +.TP +.FN ~/.inputrc +Individual \fBreadline\fP initialization file +.PD +.SH AUTHORS +Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation (primary author) +.br +bfox@ai.MIT.Edu +.PP +Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University +.br +chet@ins.CWRU.Edu +.SH BUG REPORTS +If you find a bug in +.B readline, +you should report it. But first, you should +make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest +version of the +.B readline +library that you have. +.PP +Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, mail a +bug report to \fIbug\-readline\fP@\fIgnu.org\fP. +If you have a fix, you are welcome to mail that +as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed +to \fPbug-readline\fP@\fIgnu.org\fP or posted to the Usenet +newsgroup +.BR gnu.bash.bug . +.PP +Comments and bug reports concerning +this manual page should be directed to +.IR chet@ins.CWRU.Edu . +.SH BUGS +.PP +It's too big and too slow. diff --git a/readline/doc/rlman.texinfo b/readline/doc/rlman.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd6478a --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/rlman.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ +\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- +@comment %**start of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@setfilename readline.info +@settitle GNU Readline Library +@comment %**end of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@synindex vr fn +@setchapternewpage odd + +@ignore +last change: Thu Apr 2 14:39:03 EST 1998 +@end ignore + +@set EDITION 2.2 +@set VERSION 2.2 +@set UPDATED 2 April 1998 +@set UPDATE-MONTH April 1998 + +@dircategory Libraries +@direntry +* Readline: (readline). The GNU readline library API +@end direntry + +@ifinfo +This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility which aids +in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs that need +to provide a command line interface. + +Copyright (C) 1988, 1991, 1993, 1996, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice +pare preserved on all copies. + +@ignore +Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission +notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph +(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). +@end ignore + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire +resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission +notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, +except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved +by the Foundation. +@end ifinfo + +@titlepage +@title GNU Readline Library +@subtitle Edition @value{EDITION}, for @code{Readline Library} Version @value{VERSION}. +@subtitle @value{UPDATE-MONTH} +@author Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation +@author Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University + +@page +This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility which aids +in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs that need +to provide a command line interface. + +Published by the Free Software Foundation @* +675 Massachusetts Avenue, @* +Cambridge, MA 02139 USA + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice +are preserved on all copies. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire +resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission +notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, +except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved +by the Foundation. + +@vskip 0pt plus 1filll +Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@end titlepage + +@ifinfo +@node Top +@top GNU Readline Library + +This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility which aids +in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs that need +to provide a command line interface. + +@menu +* Command Line Editing:: GNU Readline User's Manual. +* Programming with GNU Readline:: GNU Readline Programmer's Manual. +* Concept Index:: Index of concepts described in this manual. +* Function and Variable Index:: Index of externally visible functions + and variables. +@end menu +@end ifinfo + +@include rluser.texinfo +@include rltech.texinfo + +@node Concept Index +@unnumbered Concept Index +@printindex cp + +@node Function and Variable Index +@unnumbered Function and Variable Index +@printindex fn + +@contents +@bye diff --git a/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo b/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bce5087 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,1548 @@ +@comment %**start of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@setfilename rltech.info +@comment %**end of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@setchapternewpage odd + +@ifinfo +This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility for aiding +in the consitency of user interface across discrete programs that need +to provide a command line interface. + +Copyright (C) 1988, 1994, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice +pare preserved on all copies. + +@ignore +Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission +notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph +(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). +@end ignore + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire +resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission +notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, +except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved +by the Foundation. +@end ifinfo + +@node Programming with GNU Readline +@chapter Programming with GNU Readline + +This chapter describes the interface between the GNU Readline Library and +other programs. If you are a programmer, and you wish to include the +features found in GNU Readline +such as completion, line editing, and interactive history manipulation +in your own programs, this section is for you. + +@menu +* Basic Behavior:: Using the default behavior of Readline. +* Custom Functions:: Adding your own functions to Readline. +* Readline Variables:: Variables accessible to custom + functions. +* Readline Convenience Functions:: Functions which Readline supplies to + aid in writing your own +* Custom Completers:: Supplanting or supplementing Readline's + completion functions. +@end menu + +@node Basic Behavior +@section Basic Behavior + +Many programs provide a command line interface, such as @code{mail}, +@code{ftp}, and @code{sh}. For such programs, the default behaviour of +Readline is sufficient. This section describes how to use Readline in +the simplest way possible, perhaps to replace calls in your code to +@code{gets()} or @code{fgets ()}. + +@findex readline +@cindex readline, function +The function @code{readline ()} prints a prompt and then reads and returns +a single line of text from the user. The line @code{readline} +returns is allocated with @code{malloc ()}; you should @code{free ()} +the line when you are done with it. The declaration for @code{readline} +in ANSI C is + +@example +@code{char *readline (char *@var{prompt});} +@end example + +@noindent +So, one might say +@example +@code{char *line = readline ("Enter a line: ");} +@end example +@noindent +in order to read a line of text from the user. +The line returned has the final newline removed, so only the +text remains. + +If @code{readline} encounters an @code{EOF} while reading the line, and the +line is empty at that point, then @code{(char *)NULL} is returned. +Otherwise, the line is ended just as if a newline had been typed. + +If you want the user to be able to get at the line later, (with +@key{C-p} for example), you must call @code{add_history ()} to save the +line away in a @dfn{history} list of such lines. + +@example +@code{add_history (line)}; +@end example + +@noindent +For full details on the GNU History Library, see the associated manual. + +It is preferable to avoid saving empty lines on the history list, since +users rarely have a burning need to reuse a blank line. Here is +a function which usefully replaces the standard @code{gets ()} library +function, and has the advantage of no static buffer to overflow: + +@example +/* A static variable for holding the line. */ +static char *line_read = (char *)NULL; + +/* Read a string, and return a pointer to it. Returns NULL on EOF. */ +char * +rl_gets () +@{ + /* If the buffer has already been allocated, return the memory + to the free pool. */ + if (line_read) + @{ + free (line_read); + line_read = (char *)NULL; + @} + + /* Get a line from the user. */ + line_read = readline (""); + + /* If the line has any text in it, save it on the history. */ + if (line_read && *line_read) + add_history (line_read); + + return (line_read); +@} +@end example + +This function gives the user the default behaviour of @key{TAB} +completion: completion on file names. If you do not want Readline to +complete on filenames, you can change the binding of the @key{TAB} key +with @code{rl_bind_key ()}. + +@example +@code{int rl_bind_key (int @var{key}, int (*@var{function})());} +@end example + +@code{rl_bind_key ()} takes two arguments: @var{key} is the character that +you want to bind, and @var{function} is the address of the function to +call when @var{key} is pressed. Binding @key{TAB} to @code{rl_insert ()} +makes @key{TAB} insert itself. +@code{rl_bind_key ()} returns non-zero if @var{key} is not a valid +ASCII character code (between 0 and 255). + +Thus, to disable the default @key{TAB} behavior, the following suffices: +@example +@code{rl_bind_key ('\t', rl_insert);} +@end example + +This code should be executed once at the start of your program; you +might write a function called @code{initialize_readline ()} which +performs this and other desired initializations, such as installing +custom completers (@pxref{Custom Completers}). + +@node Custom Functions +@section Custom Functions + +Readline provides many functions for manipulating the text of +the line, but it isn't possible to anticipate the needs of all +programs. This section describes the various functions and variables +defined within the Readline library which allow a user program to add +customized functionality to Readline. + +@menu +* The Function Type:: C declarations to make code readable. +* Function Writing:: Variables and calling conventions. +@end menu + +@node The Function Type +@subsection The Function Type + +For readabilty, we declare a new type of object, called +@dfn{Function}. A @code{Function} is a C function which +returns an @code{int}. The type declaration for @code{Function} is: + +@noindent +@code{typedef int Function ();} + +The reason for declaring this new type is to make it easier to write +code describing pointers to C functions. Let us say we had a variable +called @var{func} which was a pointer to a function. Instead of the +classic C declaration + +@code{int (*)()func;} + +@noindent +we may write + +@code{Function *func;} + +@noindent +Similarly, there are + +@example +typedef void VFunction (); +typedef char *CPFunction (); @r{and} +typedef char **CPPFunction (); +@end example + +@noindent +for functions returning no value, @code{pointer to char}, and +@code{pointer to pointer to char}, respectively. + +@node Function Writing +@subsection Writing a New Function + +In order to write new functions for Readline, you need to know the +calling conventions for keyboard-invoked functions, and the names of the +variables that describe the current state of the line read so far. + +The calling sequence for a command @code{foo} looks like + +@example +@code{foo (int count, int key)} +@end example + +@noindent +where @var{count} is the numeric argument (or 1 if defaulted) and +@var{key} is the key that invoked this function. + +It is completely up to the function as to what should be done with the +numeric argument. Some functions use it as a repeat count, some +as a flag, and others to choose alternate behavior (refreshing the current +line as opposed to refreshing the screen, for example). Some choose to +ignore it. In general, if a +function uses the numeric argument as a repeat count, it should be able +to do something useful with both negative and positive arguments. +At the very least, it should be aware that it can be passed a +negative argument. + +@node Readline Variables +@section Readline Variables + +These variables are available to function writers. + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_line_buffer +This is the line gathered so far. You are welcome to modify the +contents of the line, but see @ref{Allowing Undoing}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_point +The offset of the current cursor position in @code{rl_line_buffer} +(the @emph{point}). +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_end +The number of characters present in @code{rl_line_buffer}. When +@code{rl_point} is at the end of the line, @code{rl_point} and +@code{rl_end} are equal. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_mark +The mark (saved position) in the current line. If set, the mark +and point define a @emph{region}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_done +Setting this to a non-zero value causes Readline to return the current +line immediately. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_pending_input +Setting this to a value makes it the next keystroke read. This is a +way to stuff a single character into the input stream. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_prompt +The prompt Readline uses. This is set from the argument to +@code{readline ()}, and should not be assigned to directly. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_library_version +The version number of this revision of the library. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_terminal_name +The terminal type, used for initialization. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_readline_name +This variable is set to a unique name by each application using Readline. +The value allows conditional parsing of the inputrc file +(@pxref{Conditional Init Constructs}). +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {FILE *} rl_instream +The stdio stream from which Readline reads input. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {FILE *} rl_outstream +The stdio stream to which Readline performs output. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_startup_hook +If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call just +before @code{readline} prints the first prompt. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_event_hook +If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call periodically +when readline is waiting for terminal input. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_getc_function +If non-zero, @code{readline} will call indirectly through this pointer +to get a character from the input stream. By default, it is set to +@code{rl_getc}, the default @code{readline} character input function +(@pxref{Utility Functions}). +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {VFunction *} rl_redisplay_function +If non-zero, @code{readline} will call indirectly through this pointer +to update the display with the current contents of the editing buffer. +By default, it is set to @code{rl_redisplay}, the default @code{readline} +redisplay function (@pxref{Redisplay}). +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Keymap} rl_executing_keymap +This variable is set to the keymap (@pxref{Keymaps}) in which the +currently executing readline function was found. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Keymap} rl_binding_keymap +This variable is set to the keymap (@pxref{Keymaps}) in which the +last key binding occurred. +@end deftypevar + +@node Readline Convenience Functions +@section Readline Convenience Functions + +@menu +* Function Naming:: How to give a function you write a name. +* Keymaps:: Making keymaps. +* Binding Keys:: Changing Keymaps. +* Associating Function Names and Bindings:: Translate function names to + key sequences. +* Allowing Undoing:: How to make your functions undoable. +* Redisplay:: Functions to control line display. +* Modifying Text:: Functions to modify @code{rl_line_buffer}. +* Utility Functions:: Generally useful functions and hooks. +* Alternate Interface:: Using Readline in a `callback' fashion. +@end menu + +@node Function Naming +@subsection Naming a Function + +The user can dynamically change the bindings of keys while using +Readline. This is done by representing the function with a descriptive +name. The user is able to type the descriptive name when referring to +the function. Thus, in an init file, one might find + +@example +Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word +@end example + +This binds the keystroke @key{Meta-Rubout} to the function +@emph{descriptively} named @code{backward-kill-word}. You, as the +programmer, should bind the functions you write to descriptive names as +well. Readline provides a function for doing that: + +@deftypefun int rl_add_defun (char *name, Function *function, int key) +Add @var{name} to the list of named functions. Make @var{function} be +the function that gets called. If @var{key} is not -1, then bind it to +@var{function} using @code{rl_bind_key ()}. +@end deftypefun + +Using this function alone is sufficient for most applications. It is +the recommended way to add a few functions to the default functions that +Readline has built in. If you need to do something other +than adding a function to Readline, you may need to use the +underlying functions described below. + +@node Keymaps +@subsection Selecting a Keymap + +Key bindings take place on a @dfn{keymap}. The keymap is the +association between the keys that the user types and the functions that +get run. You can make your own keymaps, copy existing keymaps, and tell +Readline which keymap to use. + +@deftypefun Keymap rl_make_bare_keymap () +Returns a new, empty keymap. The space for the keymap is allocated with +@code{malloc ()}; you should @code{free ()} it when you are done. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun Keymap rl_copy_keymap (Keymap map) +Return a new keymap which is a copy of @var{map}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun Keymap rl_make_keymap () +Return a new keymap with the printing characters bound to rl_insert, +the lowercase Meta characters bound to run their equivalents, and +the Meta digits bound to produce numeric arguments. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_discard_keymap (Keymap keymap) +Free the storage associated with @var{keymap}. +@end deftypefun + +Readline has several internal keymaps. These functions allow you to +change which keymap is active. + +@deftypefun Keymap rl_get_keymap () +Returns the currently active keymap. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_set_keymap (Keymap keymap) +Makes @var{keymap} the currently active keymap. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun Keymap rl_get_keymap_by_name (char *name) +Return the keymap matching @var{name}. @var{name} is one which would +be supplied in a @code{set keymap} inputrc line (@pxref{Readline Init File}). +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char *} rl_get_keymap_name (Keymap keymap) +Return the name matching @var{keymap}. @var{name} is one which would +be supplied in a @code{set keymap} inputrc line (@pxref{Readline Init File}). +@end deftypefun + +@node Binding Keys +@subsection Binding Keys + +You associate keys with functions through the keymap. Readline has +several internal keymaps: @code{emacs_standard_keymap}, +@code{emacs_meta_keymap}, @code{emacs_ctlx_keymap}, +@code{vi_movement_keymap}, and @code{vi_insertion_keymap}. +@code{emacs_standard_keymap} is the default, and the examples in +this manual assume that. + +These functions manage key bindings. + +@deftypefun int rl_bind_key (int key, Function *function) +Binds @var{key} to @var{function} in the currently active keymap. +Returns non-zero in the case of an invalid @var{key}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_bind_key_in_map (int key, Function *function, Keymap map) +Bind @var{key} to @var{function} in @var{map}. Returns non-zero in the case +of an invalid @var{key}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_unbind_key (int key) +Bind @var{key} to the null function in the currently active keymap. +Returns non-zero in case of error. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_unbind_key_in_map (int key, Keymap map) +Bind @var{key} to the null function in @var{map}. +Returns non-zero in case of error. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_unbind_function_in_map (Function *function, Keymap map) +Unbind all keys that execute @var{function} in @var{map}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_unbind_command_in_map (char *command, Keymap map) +Unbind all keys that are bound to @var{command} in @var{map}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_generic_bind (int type, char *keyseq, char *data, Keymap map) +Bind the key sequence represented by the string @var{keyseq} to the arbitrary +pointer @var{data}. @var{type} says what kind of data is pointed to by +@var{data}; this can be a function (@code{ISFUNC}), a macro +(@code{ISMACR}), or a keymap (@code{ISKMAP}). This makes new keymaps as +necessary. The initial keymap in which to do bindings is @var{map}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_parse_and_bind (char *line) +Parse @var{line} as if it had been read from the @code{inputrc} file and +perform any key bindings and variable assignments found +(@pxref{Readline Init File}). +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_read_init_file (char *filename) +Read keybindings and variable assignments from @var{filename} +(@pxref{Readline Init File}). +@end deftypefun + +@node Associating Function Names and Bindings +@subsection Associating Function Names and Bindings + +These functions allow you to find out what keys invoke named functions +and the functions invoked by a particular key sequence. + +@deftypefun {Function *} rl_named_function (char *name) +Return the function with name @var{name}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {Function *} rl_function_of_keyseq (char *keyseq, Keymap map, int *type) +Return the function invoked by @var{keyseq} in keymap @var{map}. +If @var{map} is NULL, the current keymap is used. If @var{type} is +not NULL, the type of the object is returned in it (one of @code{ISFUNC}, +@code{ISKMAP}, or @code{ISMACR}). +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char **} rl_invoking_keyseqs (Function *function) +Return an array of strings representing the key sequences used to +invoke @var{function} in the current keymap. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char **} rl_invoking_keyseqs_in_map (Function *function, Keymap map) +Return an array of strings representing the key sequences used to +invoke @var{function} in the keymap @var{map}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_function_dumper (int readable) +Print the readline function names and the key sequences currently +bound to them to @code{rl_outstream}. If @var{readable} is non-zero, +the list is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an +@code{inputrc} file and re-read. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_list_funmap_names () +Print the names of all bindable Readline functions to @code{rl_outstream}. +@end deftypefun + +@node Allowing Undoing +@subsection Allowing Undoing + +Supporting the undo command is a painless thing, and makes your +functions much more useful. It is certainly easy to try +something if you know you can undo it. I could use an undo function for +the stock market. + +If your function simply inserts text once, or deletes text once, and +uses @code{rl_insert_text ()} or @code{rl_delete_text ()} to do it, then +undoing is already done for you automatically. + +If you do multiple insertions or multiple deletions, or any combination +of these operations, you should group them together into one operation. +This is done with @code{rl_begin_undo_group ()} and +@code{rl_end_undo_group ()}. + +The types of events that can be undone are: + +@example +enum undo_code @{ UNDO_DELETE, UNDO_INSERT, UNDO_BEGIN, UNDO_END @}; +@end example + +Notice that @code{UNDO_DELETE} means to insert some text, and +@code{UNDO_INSERT} means to delete some text. That is, the undo code +tells undo what to undo, not how to undo it. @code{UNDO_BEGIN} and +@code{UNDO_END} are tags added by @code{rl_begin_undo_group ()} and +@code{rl_end_undo_group ()}. + +@deftypefun int rl_begin_undo_group () +Begins saving undo information in a group construct. The undo +information usually comes from calls to @code{rl_insert_text ()} and +@code{rl_delete_text ()}, but could be the result of calls to +@code{rl_add_undo ()}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_end_undo_group () +Closes the current undo group started with @code{rl_begin_undo_group +()}. There should be one call to @code{rl_end_undo_group ()} +for each call to @code{rl_begin_undo_group ()}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_add_undo (enum undo_code what, int start, int end, char *text) +Remember how to undo an event (according to @var{what}). The affected +text runs from @var{start} to @var{end}, and encompasses @var{text}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void free_undo_list () +Free the existing undo list. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_do_undo () +Undo the first thing on the undo list. Returns @code{0} if there was +nothing to undo, non-zero if something was undone. +@end deftypefun + +Finally, if you neither insert nor delete text, but directly modify the +existing text (e.g., change its case), call @code{rl_modifying ()} +once, just before you modify the text. You must supply the indices of +the text range that you are going to modify. + +@deftypefun int rl_modifying (int start, int end) +Tell Readline to save the text between @var{start} and @var{end} as a +single undo unit. It is assumed that you will subsequently modify +that text. +@end deftypefun + +@node Redisplay +@subsection Redisplay + +@deftypefun void rl_redisplay () +Change what's displayed on the screen to reflect the current contents +of @code{rl_line_buffer}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_forced_update_display () +Force the line to be updated and redisplayed, whether or not +Readline thinks the screen display is correct. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_on_new_line () +Tell the update routines that we have moved onto a new (empty) line, +usually after ouputting a newline. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_reset_line_state () +Reset the display state to a clean state and redisplay the current line +starting on a new line. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_message (va_alist) +The arguments are a string as would be supplied to @code{printf}. The +resulting string is displayed in the @dfn{echo area}. The echo area +is also used to display numeric arguments and search strings. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_clear_message () +Clear the message in the echo area. +@end deftypefun + +@node Modifying Text +@subsection Modifying Text + +@deftypefun int rl_insert_text (char *text) +Insert @var{text} into the line at the current cursor position. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_delete_text (int start, int end) +Delete the text between @var{start} and @var{end} in the current line. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char *} rl_copy_text (int start, int end) +Return a copy of the text between @var{start} and @var{end} in +the current line. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_kill_text (int start, int end) +Copy the text between @var{start} and @var{end} in the current line +to the kill ring, appending or prepending to the last kill if the +last command was a kill command. The text is deleted. +If @var{start} is less than @var{end}, +the text is appended, otherwise prepended. If the last command was +not a kill, a new kill ring slot is used. +@end deftypefun + +@node Utility Functions +@subsection Utility Functions + +@deftypefun int rl_read_key () +Return the next character available. This handles input inserted into +the input stream via @var{pending input} (@pxref{Readline Variables}) +and @code{rl_stuff_char ()}, macros, and characters read from the keyboard. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_getc (FILE *) +Return the next character available from the keyboard. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_stuff_char (int c) +Insert @var{c} into the Readline input stream. It will be "read" +before Readline attempts to read characters from the terminal with +@code{rl_read_key ()}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun rl_extend_line_buffer (int len) +Ensure that @code{rl_line_buffer} has enough space to hold @var{len} +characters, possibly reallocating it if necessary. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_initialize () +Initialize or re-initialize Readline's internal state. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_reset_terminal (char *terminal_name) +Reinitialize Readline's idea of the terminal settings using +@var{terminal_name} as the terminal type (e.g., @code{vt100}). +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int alphabetic (int c) +Return 1 if @var{c} is an alphabetic character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int numeric (int c) +Return 1 if @var{c} is a numeric character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int ding () +Ring the terminal bell, obeying the setting of @code{bell-style}. +@end deftypefun + +The following are implemented as macros, defined in @code{chartypes.h}. + +@deftypefun int uppercase_p (int c) +Return 1 if @var{c} is an uppercase alphabetic character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int lowercase_p (int c) +Return 1 if @var{c} is a lowercase alphabetic character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int digit_p (int c) +Return 1 if @var{c} is a numeric character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int to_upper (int c) +If @var{c} is a lowercase alphabetic character, return the corresponding +uppercase character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int to_lower (int c) +If @var{c} is an uppercase alphabetic character, return the corresponding +lowercase character. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int digit_value (int c) +If @var{c} is a number, return the value it represents. +@end deftypefun + +@node Alternate Interface +@subsection Alternate Interface + +An alternate interface is available to plain @code{readline()}. Some +applications need to interleave keyboard I/O with file, device, or +window system I/O, typically by using a main loop to @code{select()} +on various file descriptors. To accomodate this need, readline can +also be invoked as a `callback' function from an event loop. There +are functions available to make this easy. + +@deftypefun void rl_callback_handler_install (char *prompt, Vfunction *lhandler) +Set up the terminal for readline I/O and display the initial +expanded value of @var{prompt}. Save the value of @var{lhandler} to +use as a callback when a complete line of input has been entered. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_callback_read_char () +Whenever an application determines that keyboard input is available, it +should call @code{rl_callback_read_char()}, which will read the next +character from the current input source. If that character completes the +line, @code{rl_callback_read_char} will invoke the @var{lhandler} +function saved by @code{rl_callback_handler_install} to process the +line. @code{EOF} is indicated by calling @var{lhandler} with a +@code{NULL} line. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun void rl_callback_handler_remove () +Restore the terminal to its initial state and remove the line handler. +This may be called from within a callback as well as independently. +@end deftypefun + +@subsection An Example + +Here is a function which changes lowercase characters to their uppercase +equivalents, and uppercase characters to lowercase. If +this function was bound to @samp{M-c}, then typing @samp{M-c} would +change the case of the character under point. Typing @samp{M-1 0 M-c} +would change the case of the following 10 characters, leaving the cursor on +the last character changed. + +@example +/* Invert the case of the COUNT following characters. */ +int +invert_case_line (count, key) + int count, key; +@{ + register int start, end, i; + + start = rl_point; + + if (rl_point >= rl_end) + return (0); + + if (count < 0) + @{ + direction = -1; + count = -count; + @} + else + direction = 1; + + /* Find the end of the range to modify. */ + end = start + (count * direction); + + /* Force it to be within range. */ + if (end > rl_end) + end = rl_end; + else if (end < 0) + end = 0; + + if (start == end) + return (0); + + if (start > end) + @{ + int temp = start; + start = end; + end = temp; + @} + + /* Tell readline that we are modifying the line, so it will save + the undo information. */ + rl_modifying (start, end); + + for (i = start; i != end; i++) + @{ + if (uppercase_p (rl_line_buffer[i])) + rl_line_buffer[i] = to_lower (rl_line_buffer[i]); + else if (lowercase_p (rl_line_buffer[i])) + rl_line_buffer[i] = to_upper (rl_line_buffer[i]); + @} + /* Move point to on top of the last character changed. */ + rl_point = (direction == 1) ? end - 1 : start; + return (0); +@} +@end example + +@node Custom Completers +@section Custom Completers + +Typically, a program that reads commands from the user has a way of +disambiguating commands and data. If your program is one of these, then +it can provide completion for commands, data, or both. +The following sections describe how your program and Readline +cooperate to provide this service. + +@menu +* How Completing Works:: The logic used to do completion. +* Completion Functions:: Functions provided by Readline. +* Completion Variables:: Variables which control completion. +* A Short Completion Example:: An example of writing completer subroutines. +@end menu + +@node How Completing Works +@subsection How Completing Works + +In order to complete some text, the full list of possible completions +must be available. That is, it is not possible to accurately +expand a partial word without knowing all of the possible words +which make sense in that context. The Readline library provides +the user interface to completion, and two of the most common +completion functions: filename and username. For completing other types +of text, you must write your own completion function. This section +describes exactly what such functions must do, and provides an example. + +There are three major functions used to perform completion: + +@enumerate +@item +The user-interface function @code{rl_complete ()}. This function is +called with the same arguments as other Readline +functions intended for interactive use: @var{count} and +@var{invoking_key}. It isolates the word to be completed and calls +@code{completion_matches ()} to generate a list of possible completions. +It then either lists the possible completions, inserts the possible +completions, or actually performs the +completion, depending on which behavior is desired. + +@item +The internal function @code{completion_matches ()} uses your +@dfn{generator} function to generate the list of possible matches, and +then returns the array of these matches. You should place the address +of your generator function in @code{rl_completion_entry_function}. + +@item +The generator function is called repeatedly from +@code{completion_matches ()}, returning a string each time. The +arguments to the generator function are @var{text} and @var{state}. +@var{text} is the partial word to be completed. @var{state} is zero the +first time the function is called, allowing the generator to perform +any necessary initialization, and a positive non-zero integer for +each subsequent call. When the generator function returns +@code{(char *)NULL} this signals @code{completion_matches ()} that there are +no more possibilities left. Usually the generator function computes the +list of possible completions when @var{state} is zero, and returns them +one at a time on subsequent calls. Each string the generator function +returns as a match must be allocated with @code{malloc()}; Readline +frees the strings when it has finished with them. + +@end enumerate + +@deftypefun int rl_complete (int ignore, int invoking_key) +Complete the word at or before point. You have supplied the function +that does the initial simple matching selection algorithm (see +@code{completion_matches ()}). The default is to do filename completion. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_completion_entry_function +This is a pointer to the generator function for @code{completion_matches +()}. If the value of @code{rl_completion_entry_function} is +@code{(Function *)NULL} then the default filename generator function, +@code{filename_completion_function ()}, is used. +@end deftypevar + +@node Completion Functions +@subsection Completion Functions + +Here is the complete list of callable completion functions present in +Readline. + +@deftypefun int rl_complete_internal (int what_to_do) +Complete the word at or before point. @var{what_to_do} says what to do +with the completion. A value of @samp{?} means list the possible +completions. @samp{TAB} means do standard completion. @samp{*} means +insert all of the possible completions. @samp{!} means to display +all of the possible completions, if there is more than one, as well as +performing partial completion. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_complete (int ignore, int invoking_key) +Complete the word at or before point. You have supplied the function +that does the initial simple matching selection algorithm (see +@code{completion_matches ()} and @code{rl_completion_entry_function}). +The default is to do filename +completion. This calls @code{rl_complete_internal ()} with an +argument depending on @var{invoking_key}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_possible_completions (int count, int invoking_key)) +List the possible completions. See description of @code{rl_complete +()}. This calls @code{rl_complete_internal ()} with an argument of +@samp{?}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun int rl_insert_completions (int count, int invoking_key)) +Insert the list of possible completions into the line, deleting the +partially-completed word. See description of @code{rl_complete ()}. +This calls @code{rl_complete_internal ()} with an argument of @samp{*}. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char **} completion_matches (char *text, CPFunction *entry_func) +Returns an array of @code{(char *)} which is a list of completions for +@var{text}. If there are no completions, returns @code{(char **)NULL}. +The first entry in the returned array is the substitution for @var{text}. +The remaining entries are the possible completions. The array is +terminated with a @code{NULL} pointer. + +@var{entry_func} is a function of two args, and returns a +@code{(char *)}. The first argument is @var{text}. The second is a +state argument; it is zero on the first call, and non-zero on subsequent +calls. @var{entry_func} returns a @code{NULL} pointer to the caller +when there are no more matches. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char *} filename_completion_function (char *text, int state) +A generator function for filename completion in the general case. Note +that completion in Bash is a little different because of all +the pathnames that must be followed when looking up completions for a +command. The Bash source is a useful reference for writing custom +completion functions. +@end deftypefun + +@deftypefun {char *} username_completion_function (char *text, int state) +A completion generator for usernames. @var{text} contains a partial +username preceded by a random character (usually @samp{~}). As with all +completion generators, @var{state} is zero on the first call and non-zero +for subsequent calls. +@end deftypefun + +@node Completion Variables +@subsection Completion Variables + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_completion_entry_function +A pointer to the generator function for @code{completion_matches ()}. +@code{NULL} means to use @code{filename_entry_function ()}, the default +filename completer. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {CPPFunction *} rl_attempted_completion_function +A pointer to an alternative function to create matches. +The function is called with @var{text}, @var{start}, and @var{end}. +@var{start} and @var{end} are indices in @code{rl_line_buffer} saying +what the boundaries of @var{text} are. If this function exists and +returns @code{NULL}, or if this variable is set to @code{NULL}, then +@code{rl_complete ()} will call the value of +@code{rl_completion_entry_function} to generate matches, otherwise the +array of strings returned will be used. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {CPFunction *} rl_filename_quoting_function +A pointer to a function that will quote a filename in an application- +specific fashion. This is called if filename completion is being +attempted and one of the characters in @code{rl_filename_quote_characters} +appears in a completed filename. The function is called with +@var{text}, @var{match_type}, and @var{quote_pointer}. The @var{text} +is the filename to be quoted. The @var{match_type} is either +@code{SINGLE_MATCH}, if there is only one completion match, or +@code{MULT_MATCH}. Some functions use this to decide whether or not to +insert a closing quote character. The @var{quote_pointer} is a pointer +to any opening quote character the user typed. Some functions choose +to reset this character. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {CPFunction *} rl_filename_dequoting_function +A pointer to a function that will remove application-specific quoting +characters from a filename before completion is attempted, so those +characters do not interfere with matching the text against names in +the filesystem. It is called with @var{text}, the text of the word +to be dequoted, and @var{quote_char}, which is the quoting character +that delimits the filename (usually @samp{'} or @samp{"}). If +@var{quote_char} is zero, the filename was not in an embedded string. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_char_is_quoted_p +A pointer to a function to call that determines whether or not a specific +character in the line buffer is quoted, according to whatever quoting +mechanism the program calling readline uses. The function is called with +two arguments: @var{text}, the text of the line, and @var{index}, the +index of the character in the line. It is used to decide whether a +character found in @code{rl_completer_word_break_characters} should be +used to break words for the completer. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_completion_query_items +Up to this many items will be displayed in response to a +possible-completions call. After that, we ask the user if she is sure +she wants to see them all. The default value is 100. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_basic_word_break_characters +The basic list of characters that signal a break between words for the +completer routine. The default value of this variable is the characters +which break words for completion in Bash, i.e., +@code{" \t\n\"\\'`@@$><=;|&@{("}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_basic_quote_characters +List of quote characters which can cause a word break. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_completer_word_break_characters +The list of characters that signal a break between words for +@code{rl_complete_internal ()}. The default list is the value of +@code{rl_basic_word_break_characters}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_completer_quote_characters +List of characters which can be used to quote a substring of the line. +Completion occurs on the entire substring, and within the substring +@code{rl_completer_word_break_characters} are treated as any other character, +unless they also appear within this list. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_filename_quote_characters +A list of characters that cause a filename to be quoted by the completer +when they appear in a completed filename. The default is the null string. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {char *} rl_special_prefixes +The list of characters that are word break characters, but should be +left in @var{text} when it is passed to the completion function. +Programs can use this to help determine what kind of completing to do. +For instance, Bash sets this variable to "$@@" so that it can complete +shell variables and hostnames. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {int} rl_completion_append_character +When a single completion alternative matches at the end of the command +line, this character is appended to the inserted completion text. The +default is a space character (@samp{ }). Setting this to the null +character (@samp{\0}) prevents anything being appended automatically. +This can be changed in custom completion functions to +provide the ``most sensible word separator character'' according to +an application-specific command line syntax specification. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_ignore_completion_duplicates +If non-zero, then disallow duplicates in the matches. Default is 1. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_filename_completion_desired +Non-zero means that the results of the matches are to be treated as +filenames. This is @emph{always} zero on entry, and can only be changed +within a completion entry generator function. If it is set to a non-zero +value, directory names have a slash appended and Readline attempts to +quote completed filenames if they contain any embedded word break +characters. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_filename_quoting_desired +Non-zero means that the results of the matches are to be quoted using +double quotes (or an application-specific quoting mechanism) if the +completed filename contains any characters in +@code{rl_filename_quote_chars}. This is @emph{always} non-zero +on entry, and can only be changed within a completion entry generator +function. The quoting is effected via a call to the function pointed to +by @code{rl_filename_quoting_function}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar int rl_inhibit_completion +If this variable is non-zero, completion is inhibit<ed. The completion +character will be inserted as any other bound to @code{self-insert}. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_ignore_some_completions_function +This function, if defined, is called by the completer when real filename +completion is done, after all the matching names have been generated. +It is passed a @code{NULL} terminated array of matches. +The first element (@code{matches[0]}) is the +maximal substring common to all matches. This function can +re-arrange the list of matches as required, but each element deleted +from the array must be freed. +@end deftypevar + +@deftypevar {Function *} rl_directory_completion_hook +This function, if defined, is allowed to modify the directory portion +of filenames Readline completes. It is called with the address of a +string (the current directory name) as an argument. It could be used +to expand symbolic links or shell variables in pathnames. +@end deftypevar + +@node A Short Completion Example +@subsection A Short Completion Example + +Here is a small application demonstrating the use of the GNU Readline +library. It is called @code{fileman}, and the source code resides in +@file{examples/fileman.c}. This sample application provides +completion of command names, line editing features, and access to the +history list. + +@page +@smallexample +/* fileman.c -- A tiny application which demonstrates how to use the + GNU Readline library. This application interactively allows users + to manipulate files and their modes. */ + +#include <stdio.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/file.h> +#include <sys/stat.h> +#include <sys/errno.h> + +#include <readline/readline.h> +#include <readline/history.h> + +extern char *getwd (); +extern char *xmalloc (); + +/* The names of functions that actually do the manipulation. */ +int com_list (), com_view (), com_rename (), com_stat (), com_pwd (); +int com_delete (), com_help (), com_cd (), com_quit (); + +/* A structure which contains information on the commands this program + can understand. */ + +typedef struct @{ + char *name; /* User printable name of the function. */ + Function *func; /* Function to call to do the job. */ + char *doc; /* Documentation for this function. */ +@} COMMAND; + +COMMAND commands[] = @{ + @{ "cd", com_cd, "Change to directory DIR" @}, + @{ "delete", com_delete, "Delete FILE" @}, + @{ "help", com_help, "Display this text" @}, + @{ "?", com_help, "Synonym for `help'" @}, + @{ "list", com_list, "List files in DIR" @}, + @{ "ls", com_list, "Synonym for `list'" @}, + @{ "pwd", com_pwd, "Print the current working directory" @}, + @{ "quit", com_quit, "Quit using Fileman" @}, + @{ "rename", com_rename, "Rename FILE to NEWNAME" @}, + @{ "stat", com_stat, "Print out statistics on FILE" @}, + @{ "view", com_view, "View the contents of FILE" @}, + @{ (char *)NULL, (Function *)NULL, (char *)NULL @} +@}; + +/* Forward declarations. */ +char *stripwhite (); +COMMAND *find_command (); + +/* The name of this program, as taken from argv[0]. */ +char *progname; + +/* When non-zero, this global means the user is done using this program. */ +int done; + +char * +dupstr (s) + int s; +@{ + char *r; + + r = xmalloc (strlen (s) + 1); + strcpy (r, s); + return (r); +@} + +main (argc, argv) + int argc; + char **argv; +@{ + char *line, *s; + + progname = argv[0]; + + initialize_readline (); /* Bind our completer. */ + + /* Loop reading and executing lines until the user quits. */ + for ( ; done == 0; ) + @{ + line = readline ("FileMan: "); + + if (!line) + break; + + /* Remove leading and trailing whitespace from the line. + Then, if there is anything left, add it to the history list + and execute it. */ + s = stripwhite (line); + + if (*s) + @{ + add_history (s); + execute_line (s); + @} + + free (line); + @} + exit (0); +@} + +/* Execute a command line. */ +int +execute_line (line) + char *line; +@{ + register int i; + COMMAND *command; + char *word; + + /* Isolate the command word. */ + i = 0; + while (line[i] && whitespace (line[i])) + i++; + word = line + i; + + while (line[i] && !whitespace (line[i])) + i++; + + if (line[i]) + line[i++] = '\0'; + + command = find_command (word); + + if (!command) + @{ + fprintf (stderr, "%s: No such command for FileMan.\n", word); + return (-1); + @} + + /* Get argument to command, if any. */ + while (whitespace (line[i])) + i++; + + word = line + i; + + /* Call the function. */ + return ((*(command->func)) (word)); +@} + +/* Look up NAME as the name of a command, and return a pointer to that + command. Return a NULL pointer if NAME isn't a command name. */ +COMMAND * +find_command (name) + char *name; +@{ + register int i; + + for (i = 0; commands[i].name; i++) + if (strcmp (name, commands[i].name) == 0) + return (&commands[i]); + + return ((COMMAND *)NULL); +@} + +/* Strip whitespace from the start and end of STRING. Return a pointer + into STRING. */ +char * +stripwhite (string) + char *string; +@{ + register char *s, *t; + + for (s = string; whitespace (*s); s++) + ; + + if (*s == 0) + return (s); + + t = s + strlen (s) - 1; + while (t > s && whitespace (*t)) + t--; + *++t = '\0'; + + return s; +@} + +/* **************************************************************** */ +/* */ +/* Interface to Readline Completion */ +/* */ +/* **************************************************************** */ + +char *command_generator (); +char **fileman_completion (); + +/* Tell the GNU Readline library how to complete. We want to try to complete + on command names if this is the first word in the line, or on filenames + if not. */ +initialize_readline () +@{ + /* Allow conditional parsing of the ~/.inputrc file. */ + rl_readline_name = "FileMan"; + + /* Tell the completer that we want a crack first. */ + rl_attempted_completion_function = (CPPFunction *)fileman_completion; +@} + +/* Attempt to complete on the contents of TEXT. START and END bound the + region of rl_line_buffer that contains the word to complete. TEXT is + the word to complete. We can use the entire contents of rl_line_buffer + in case we want to do some simple parsing. Return the array of matches, + or NULL if there aren't any. */ +char ** +fileman_completion (text, start, end) + char *text; + int start, end; +@{ + char **matches; + + matches = (char **)NULL; + + /* If this word is at the start of the line, then it is a command + to complete. Otherwise it is the name of a file in the current + directory. */ + if (start == 0) + matches = completion_matches (text, command_generator); + + return (matches); +@} + +/* Generator function for command completion. STATE lets us know whether + to start from scratch; without any state (i.e. STATE == 0), then we + start at the top of the list. */ +char * +command_generator (text, state) + char *text; + int state; +@{ + static int list_index, len; + char *name; + + /* If this is a new word to complete, initialize now. This includes + saving the length of TEXT for efficiency, and initializing the index + variable to 0. */ + if (!state) + @{ + list_index = 0; + len = strlen (text); + @} + + /* Return the next name which partially matches from the command list. */ + while (name = commands[list_index].name) + @{ + list_index++; + + if (strncmp (name, text, len) == 0) + return (dupstr(name)); + @} + + /* If no names matched, then return NULL. */ + return ((char *)NULL); +@} + +/* **************************************************************** */ +/* */ +/* FileMan Commands */ +/* */ +/* **************************************************************** */ + +/* String to pass to system (). This is for the LIST, VIEW and RENAME + commands. */ +static char syscom[1024]; + +/* List the file(s) named in arg. */ +com_list (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + if (!arg) + arg = ""; + + sprintf (syscom, "ls -FClg %s", arg); + return (system (syscom)); +@} + +com_view (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + if (!valid_argument ("view", arg)) + return 1; + + sprintf (syscom, "more %s", arg); + return (system (syscom)); +@} + +com_rename (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + too_dangerous ("rename"); + return (1); +@} + +com_stat (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + struct stat finfo; + + if (!valid_argument ("stat", arg)) + return (1); + + if (stat (arg, &finfo) == -1) + @{ + perror (arg); + return (1); + @} + + printf ("Statistics for `%s':\n", arg); + + printf ("%s has %d link%s, and is %d byte%s in length.\n", arg, + finfo.st_nlink, + (finfo.st_nlink == 1) ? "" : "s", + finfo.st_size, + (finfo.st_size == 1) ? "" : "s"); + printf ("Inode Last Change at: %s", ctime (&finfo.st_ctime)); + printf (" Last access at: %s", ctime (&finfo.st_atime)); + printf (" Last modified at: %s", ctime (&finfo.st_mtime)); + return (0); +@} + +com_delete (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + too_dangerous ("delete"); + return (1); +@} + +/* Print out help for ARG, or for all of the commands if ARG is + not present. */ +com_help (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + register int i; + int printed = 0; + + for (i = 0; commands[i].name; i++) + @{ + if (!*arg || (strcmp (arg, commands[i].name) == 0)) + @{ + printf ("%s\t\t%s.\n", commands[i].name, commands[i].doc); + printed++; + @} + @} + + if (!printed) + @{ + printf ("No commands match `%s'. Possibilties are:\n", arg); + + for (i = 0; commands[i].name; i++) + @{ + /* Print in six columns. */ + if (printed == 6) + @{ + printed = 0; + printf ("\n"); + @} + + printf ("%s\t", commands[i].name); + printed++; + @} + + if (printed) + printf ("\n"); + @} + return (0); +@} + +/* Change to the directory ARG. */ +com_cd (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + if (chdir (arg) == -1) + @{ + perror (arg); + return 1; + @} + + com_pwd (""); + return (0); +@} + +/* Print out the current working directory. */ +com_pwd (ignore) + char *ignore; +@{ + char dir[1024], *s; + + s = getwd (dir); + if (s == 0) + @{ + printf ("Error getting pwd: %s\n", dir); + return 1; + @} + + printf ("Current directory is %s\n", dir); + return 0; +@} + +/* The user wishes to quit using this program. Just set DONE non-zero. */ +com_quit (arg) + char *arg; +@{ + done = 1; + return (0); +@} + +/* Function which tells you that you can't do this. */ +too_dangerous (caller) + char *caller; +@{ + fprintf (stderr, + "%s: Too dangerous for me to distribute. Write it yourself.\n", + caller); +@} + +/* Return non-zero if ARG is a valid argument for CALLER, else print + an error message and return zero. */ +int +valid_argument (caller, arg) + char *caller, *arg; +@{ + if (!arg || !*arg) + @{ + fprintf (stderr, "%s: Argument required.\n", caller); + return (0); + @} + + return (1); +@} +@end smallexample diff --git a/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo b/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b2fd060 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,1261 @@ +@comment %**start of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@setfilename rluser.info +@comment %**end of header (This is for running Texinfo on a region.) +@setchapternewpage odd + +@ignore +This file documents the end user interface to the GNU command line +editing features. It is to be an appendix to manuals for programs which +use these features. There is a document entitled "readline.texinfo" +which contains both end-user and programmer documentation for the GNU +Readline Library. + +Copyright (C) 1988, 1991, 1993, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey. + +Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the +results, provided the printed document carries copying permission notice +identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph (this +paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). + +Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual +provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on +all copies. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this +manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the +GNU Copyright statement is available to the distributee, and provided that +the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a +permission notice identical to this one. + +Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. +@end ignore + +@comment If you are including this manual as an appendix, then set the +@comment variable readline-appendix. + +@node Command Line Editing +@chapter Command Line Editing + +This chapter describes the basic features of the @sc{GNU} +command line editing interface. + +@menu +* Introduction and Notation:: Notation used in this text. +* Readline Interaction:: The minimum set of commands for editing a line. +* Readline Init File:: Customizing Readline from a user's view. +* Bindable Readline Commands:: A description of most of the Readline commands + available for binding +* Readline vi Mode:: A short description of how to make Readline + behave like the vi editor. +@end menu + +@node Introduction and Notation +@section Introduction to Line Editing + +The following paragraphs describe the notation used to represent +keystrokes. + +The text @key{C-k} is read as `Control-K' and describes the character +produced when the @key{k} key is pressed while the Control key +is depressed. + +The text @key{M-k} is read as `Meta-K' and describes the character +produced when the meta key (if you have one) is depressed, and the @key{k} +key is pressed. If you do not have a meta key, the identical keystroke +can be generated by typing @key{ESC} @i{first}, and then typing @key{k}. +Either process is known as @dfn{metafying} the @key{k} key. + +The text @key{M-C-k} is read as `Meta-Control-k' and describes the +character produced by @dfn{metafying} @key{C-k}. + +In addition, several keys have their own names. Specifically, +@key{DEL}, @key{ESC}, @key{LFD}, @key{SPC}, @key{RET}, and @key{TAB} all +stand for themselves when seen in this text, or in an init file +(@pxref{Readline Init File}). + +@node Readline Interaction +@section Readline Interaction +@cindex interaction, readline + +Often during an interactive session you type in a long line of text, +only to notice that the first word on the line is misspelled. The +Readline library gives you a set of commands for manipulating the text +as you type it in, allowing you to just fix your typo, and not forcing +you to retype the majority of the line. Using these editing commands, +you move the cursor to the place that needs correction, and delete or +insert the text of the corrections. Then, when you are satisfied with +the line, you simply press @key{RETURN}. You do not have to be at the +end of the line to press @key{RETURN}; the entire line is accepted +regardless of the location of the cursor within the line. + +@menu +* Readline Bare Essentials:: The least you need to know about Readline. +* Readline Movement Commands:: Moving about the input line. +* Readline Killing Commands:: How to delete text, and how to get it back! +* Readline Arguments:: Giving numeric arguments to commands. +* Searching:: Searching through previous lines. + @end menu + +@node Readline Bare Essentials +@subsection Readline Bare Essentials +@cindex notation, readline +@cindex command editing +@cindex editing command lines + +In order to enter characters into the line, simply type them. The typed +character appears where the cursor was, and then the cursor moves one +space to the right. If you mistype a character, you can use your +erase character to back up and delete the mistyped character. + +Sometimes you may miss typing a character that you wanted to type, and +not notice your error until you have typed several other characters. In +that case, you can type @key{C-b} to move the cursor to the left, and then +correct your mistake. Afterwards, you can move the cursor to the right +with @key{C-f}. + +When you add text in the middle of a line, you will notice that characters +to the right of the cursor are `pushed over' to make room for the text +that you have inserted. Likewise, when you delete text behind the cursor, +characters to the right of the cursor are `pulled back' to fill in the +blank space created by the removal of the text. A list of the basic bare +essentials for editing the text of an input line follows. + +@table @asis +@item @key{C-b} +Move back one character. +@item @key{C-f} +Move forward one character. +@item @key{DEL} +Delete the character to the left of the cursor. +@item @key{C-d} +Delete the character underneath the cursor. +@item @w{Printing characters} +Insert the character into the line at the cursor. +@item @key{C-_} +Undo the last editing command. You can undo all the way back to an +empty line. +@end table + +@node Readline Movement Commands +@subsection Readline Movement Commands + + +The above table describes the most basic possible keystrokes that you need +in order to do editing of the input line. For your convenience, many +other commands have been added in addition to @key{C-b}, @key{C-f}, +@key{C-d}, and @key{DEL}. Here are some commands for moving more rapidly +about the line. + +@table @key +@item C-a +Move to the start of the line. +@item C-e +Move to the end of the line. +@item M-f +Move forward a word, where a word is composed of letters and digits. +@item M-b +Move backward a word. +@item C-l +Clear the screen, reprinting the current line at the top. +@end table + +Notice how @key{C-f} moves forward a character, while @key{M-f} moves +forward a word. It is a loose convention that control keystrokes +operate on characters while meta keystrokes operate on words. + +@node Readline Killing Commands +@subsection Readline Killing Commands + +@cindex killing text +@cindex yanking text + +@dfn{Killing} text means to delete the text from the line, but to save +it away for later use, usually by @dfn{yanking} (re-inserting) +it back into the line. +If the description for a command says that it `kills' text, then you can +be sure that you can get the text back in a different (or the same) +place later. + +When you use a kill command, the text is saved in a @dfn{kill-ring}. +Any number of consecutive kills save all of the killed text together, so +that when you yank it back, you get it all. The kill +ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously +typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing +another line. +@cindex kill ring + +Here is the list of commands for killing text. + +@table @key +@item C-k +Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line. + +@item M-d +Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between +words, to the end of the next word. + +@item M-DEL +Kill from the cursor the start of the previous word, or if between +words, to the start of the previous word. + +@item C-w +Kill from the cursor to the previous whitespace. This is different than +@key{M-DEL} because the word boundaries differ. + +@end table + +Here is how to @dfn{yank} the text back into the line. Yanking +means to copy the most-recently-killed text from the kill buffer. + +@table @key +@item C-y +Yank the most recently killed text back into the buffer at the cursor. + +@item M-y +Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if +the prior command is @key{C-y} or @key{M-y}. +@end table + +@node Readline Arguments +@subsection Readline Arguments + +You can pass numeric arguments to Readline commands. Sometimes the +argument acts as a repeat count, other times it is the @i{sign} of the +argument that is significant. If you pass a negative argument to a +command which normally acts in a forward direction, that command will +act in a backward direction. For example, to kill text back to the +start of the line, you might type @samp{M-- C-k}. + +The general way to pass numeric arguments to a command is to type meta +digits before the command. If the first `digit' typed is a minus +sign (@key{-}), then the sign of the argument will be negative. Once +you have typed one meta digit to get the argument started, you can type +the remainder of the digits, and then the command. For example, to give +the @key{C-d} command an argument of 10, you could type @samp{M-1 0 C-d}. + +@node Searching +@subsection Searching for Commands in the History + +Readline provides commands for searching through the command history +@ifset BashFeatures +(@pxref{Bash History Facilities}) +@end ifset +for lines containing a specified string. +There are two search modes: @var{incremental} and @var{non-incremental}. + +Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the +search string. +As each character of the search string is typed, Readline displays +the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far. +An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to +find the desired history entry. +The @key{ESC} character is used to terminate an incremental search. +@key{C-j} will also terminate the search. +@key{C-g} will abort an incremental search and restore the original line. +When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the +search string becomes the current line. +To find other matching entries in the history list, type @key{C-s} or +@key{C-r} as appropriate. +This will search backward or forward in the history for the next +entry matching the search string typed so far. +Any other key sequence bound to a Readline command will terminate +the search and execute that command. +For instance, a @key{RET} will terminate the search and accept +the line, thereby executing the command from the history list. + +Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting +to search for matching history lines. The search string may be +typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line. + +@node Readline Init File +@section Readline Init File +@cindex initialization file, readline + +Although the Readline library comes with a set of @code{emacs}-like +keybindings installed by default, it is possible to use a different set +of keybindings. +Any user can customize programs that use Readline by putting +commands in an @dfn{inputrc} file in his home directory. +The name of this +@ifset BashFeatures +file is taken from the value of the shell variable @code{INPUTRC}. If +@end ifset +@ifclear BashFeatures +file is taken from the value of the environment variable @code{INPUTRC}. If +@end ifclear +that variable is unset, the default is @file{~/.inputrc}. + +When a program which uses the Readline library starts up, the +init file is read, and the key bindings are set. + +In addition, the @code{C-x C-r} command re-reads this init file, thus +incorporating any changes that you might have made to it. + +@menu +* Readline Init File Syntax:: Syntax for the commands in the inputrc file. + +* Conditional Init Constructs:: Conditional key bindings in the inputrc file. + +* Sample Init File:: An example inputrc file. +@end menu + +@node Readline Init File Syntax +@subsection Readline Init File Syntax + +There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the +Readline init file. Blank lines are ignored. +Lines beginning with a @samp{#} are comments. +Lines beginning with a @samp{$} indicate conditional +constructs (@pxref{Conditional Init Constructs}). Other lines +denote variable settings and key bindings. + +@table @asis +@item Variable Settings +You can modify the run-time behavior of Readline by +altering the values of variables in Readline +using the @code{set} command within the init file. Here is how to +change from the default Emacs-like key binding to use +@code{vi} line editing commands: + +@example +set editing-mode vi +@end example + +A great deal of run-time behavior is changeable with the following +variables. + +@table @code + +@item bell-style +@vindex bell-style +Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell. +If set to @samp{none}, Readline never rings the bell. If set to +@samp{visible}, Readline uses a visible bell if one is available. +If set to @samp{audible} (the default), Readline attempts to ring +the terminal's bell. + +@item comment-begin +@vindex comment-begin +The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the +@code{insert-comment} command is executed. The default value +is @code{"#"}. + +@item completion-ignore-case +If set to @samp{on}, Readline performs filename matching and completion +in a case-insensitive fashion. +The default value is @samp{off}. + +@item completion-query-items +@vindex completion-query-items +The number of possible completions that determines when the user is +asked whether he wants to see the list of possibilities. If the +number of possible completions is greater than this value, +Readline will ask the user whether or not he wishes to view +them; otherwise, they are simply listed. The default limit is +@code{100}. + +@item convert-meta +@vindex convert-meta +If set to @samp{on}, Readline will convert characters with the +eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth +bit and prepending an @key{ESC} character, converting them to a +meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is @samp{on}. + +@item disable-completion +@vindex disable-completion +If set to @samp{On}, Readline will inhibit word completion. +Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had +been mapped to @code{self-insert}. The default is @samp{off}. + +@item editing-mode +@vindex editing-mode +The @code{editing-mode} variable controls which default set of +key bindings is used. By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing +mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs. This variable can be +set to either @samp{emacs} or @samp{vi}. + +@item enable-keypad +@vindex enable-keypad +When set to @samp{on}, Readline will try to enable the application +keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the +arrow keys. The default is @samp{off}. + +@item expand-tilde +@vindex expand-tilde +If set to @samp{on}, tilde expansion is performed when Readline +attempts word completion. The default is @samp{off}. + +@item horizontal-scroll-mode +@vindex horizontal-scroll-mode +This variable can be set to either @samp{on} or @samp{off}. Setting it +to @samp{on} means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll +horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width +of the screen, instead of wrapping onto a new screen line. By default, +this variable is set to @samp{off}. + +@item keymap +@vindex keymap +Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands. +Acceptable @code{keymap} names are +@code{emacs}, +@code{emacs-standard}, +@code{emacs-meta}, +@code{emacs-ctlx}, +@code{vi}, +@code{vi-command}, and +@code{vi-insert}. +@code{vi} is equivalent to @code{vi-command}; @code{emacs} is +equivalent to @code{emacs-standard}. The default value is @code{emacs}. +The value of the @code{editing-mode} variable also affects the +default keymap. + +@item mark-directories +If set to @samp{on}, completed directory names have a slash +appended. The default is @samp{on}. + +@item mark-modified-lines +@vindex mark-modified-lines +This variable, when set to @samp{on}, causes Readline to display an +asterisk (@samp{*}) at the start of history lines which have been modified. +This variable is @samp{off} by default. + +@item input-meta +@vindex input-meta +@vindex meta-flag +If set to @samp{on}, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it +will not strip the eighth bit from the characters it reads), +regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The +default value is @samp{off}. The name @code{meta-flag} is a +synonym for this variable. + +@item output-meta +@vindex output-meta +If set to @samp{on}, Readline will display characters with the +eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape +sequence. The default is @samp{off}. + +@item print-completions-horizontally +If set to @samp{on}, Readline will display completions with matches +sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen. +The default is @samp{off}. + +@item show-all-if-ambiguous +@vindex show-all-if-ambiguous +This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If +set to @samp{on}, +words which have more than one possible completion cause the +matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. +The default value is @samp{off}. + +@item visible-stats +@vindex visible-stats +If set to @samp{on}, a character denoting a file's type +is appended to the filename when listing possible +completions. The default is @samp{off}. + +@end table + +@item Key Bindings +The syntax for controlling key bindings in the init file is +simple. First you have to know the name of the command that you +want to change. The following sections contain tables of the command +name, the default keybinding, if any, and a short description of what +the command does. + +Once you know the name of the command, simply place the name of the key +you wish to bind the command to, a colon, and then the name of the +command on a line in the init file. The name of the key +can be expressed in different ways, depending on which is most +comfortable for you. + +@table @asis +@item @w{@var{keyname}: @var{function-name} or @var{macro}} +@var{keyname} is the name of a key spelled out in English. For example: +@example +Control-u: universal-argument +Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word +Control-o: "> output" +@end example + +In the above example, @key{C-u} is bound to the function +@code{universal-argument}, and @key{C-o} is bound to run the macro +expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text +@samp{> output} into the line). + +@item @w{"@var{keyseq}": @var{function-name} or @var{macro}} +@var{keyseq} differs from @var{keyname} above in that strings +denoting an entire key sequence can be specified, by placing +the key sequence in double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key +escapes can be used, as in the following example, but the +special character names are not recognized. + +@example +"\C-u": universal-argument +"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file +"\e[11~": "Function Key 1" +@end example + +In the above example, @key{C-u} is bound to the function +@code{universal-argument} (just as it was in the first example), +@samp{@key{C-x} @key{C-r}} is bound to the function @code{re-read-init-file}, +and @samp{@key{ESC} @key{[} @key{1} @key{1} @key{~}} is bound to insert +the text @samp{Function Key 1}. + +@end table + +The following GNU Emacs style escape sequences are available when +specifying key sequences: + +@table @code +@item @kbd{\C-} +control prefix +@item @kbd{\M-} +meta prefix +@item @kbd{\e} +an escape character +@item @kbd{\\} +backslash +@item @kbd{\"} +@key{"} +@item @kbd{\'} +@key{'} +@end table + +In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second +set of backslash escapes is available: + +@table @code +@item \a +alert (bell) +@item \b +backspace +@item \d +delete +@item \f +form feed +@item \n +newline +@item \r +carriage return +@item \t +horizontal tab +@item \v +vertical tab +@item \@var{nnn} +the character whose ASCII code is the octal value @var{nnn} +(one to three digits) +@item \x@var{nnn} +the character whose ASCII code is the hexadecimal value @var{nnn} +(one to three digits) +@end table + +When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must +be used to indicate a macro definition. +Unquoted text is assumed to be a function name. +In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded. +Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text, +including @samp{"} and @samp{'}. +For example, the following binding will make @samp{C-x \} +insert a single @samp{\} into the line: +@example +"\C-x\\": "\\" +@end example + +@end table + +@node Conditional Init Constructs +@subsection Conditional Init Constructs + +Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional +compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key +bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result +of tests. There are four parser directives used. + +@table @code +@item $if +The @code{$if} construct allows bindings to be made based on the +editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using +Readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line; +no characters are required to isolate it. + +@table @code +@item mode +The @code{mode=} form of the @code{$if} directive is used to test +whether Readline is in @code{emacs} or @code{vi} mode. +This may be used in conjunction +with the @samp{set keymap} command, for instance, to set bindings in +the @code{emacs-standard} and @code{emacs-ctlx} keymaps only if +Readline is starting out in @code{emacs} mode. + +@item term +The @code{term=} form may be used to include terminal-specific +key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by the +terminal's function keys. The word on the right side of the +@samp{=} is tested against both the full name of the terminal and +the portion of the terminal name before the first @samp{-}. This +allows @code{sun} to match both @code{sun} and @code{sun-cmd}, +for instance. + +@item application +The @var{application} construct is used to include +application-specific settings. Each program using the Readline +library sets the @var{application name}, and you can test for it. +This could be used to bind key sequences to functions useful for +a specific program. For instance, the following command adds a +key sequence that quotes the current or previous word in Bash: +@example +$if Bash +# Quote the current or previous word +"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" +$endif +@end example +@end table + +@item $endif +This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an +@code{$if} command. + +@item $else +Commands in this branch of the @code{$if} directive are executed if +the test fails. + +@item $include +This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads commands +and bindings from that file. +@example +$include /etc/inputrc +@end example +@end table + +@node Sample Init File +@subsection Sample Init File + +Here is an example of an inputrc file. This illustrates key +binding, variable assignment, and conditional syntax. + +@example +@page +# This file controls the behaviour of line input editing for +# programs that use the Gnu Readline library. Existing programs +# include FTP, Bash, and Gdb. +# +# You can re-read the inputrc file with C-x C-r. +# Lines beginning with '#' are comments. +# +# First, include any systemwide bindings and variable assignments from +# /etc/Inputrc +$include /etc/Inputrc + +# +# Set various bindings for emacs mode. + +set editing-mode emacs + +$if mode=emacs + +Meta-Control-h: backward-kill-word Text after the function name is ignored + +# +# Arrow keys in keypad mode +# +#"\M-OD": backward-char +#"\M-OC": forward-char +#"\M-OA": previous-history +#"\M-OB": next-history +# +# Arrow keys in ANSI mode +# +"\M-[D": backward-char +"\M-[C": forward-char +"\M-[A": previous-history +"\M-[B": next-history +# +# Arrow keys in 8 bit keypad mode +# +#"\M-\C-OD": backward-char +#"\M-\C-OC": forward-char +#"\M-\C-OA": previous-history +#"\M-\C-OB": next-history +# +# Arrow keys in 8 bit ANSI mode +# +#"\M-\C-[D": backward-char +#"\M-\C-[C": forward-char +#"\M-\C-[A": previous-history +#"\M-\C-[B": next-history + +C-q: quoted-insert + +$endif + +# An old-style binding. This happens to be the default. +TAB: complete + +# Macros that are convenient for shell interaction +$if Bash +# edit the path +"\C-xp": "PATH=$@{PATH@}\e\C-e\C-a\ef\C-f" +# prepare to type a quoted word -- insert open and close double quotes +# and move to just after the open quote +"\C-x\"": "\"\"\C-b" +# insert a backslash (testing backslash escapes in sequences and macros) +"\C-x\\": "\\" +# Quote the current or previous word +"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" +# Add a binding to refresh the line, which is unbound +"\C-xr": redraw-current-line +# Edit variable on current line. +"\M-\C-v": "\C-a\C-k$\C-y\M-\C-e\C-a\C-y=" +$endif + +# use a visible bell if one is available +set bell-style visible + +# don't strip characters to 7 bits when reading +set input-meta on + +# allow iso-latin1 characters to be inserted rather than converted to +# prefix-meta sequences +set convert-meta off + +# display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than +# as meta-prefixed characters +set output-meta on + +# if there are more than 150 possible completions for a word, ask the +# user if he wants to see all of them +set completion-query-items 150 + +# For FTP +$if Ftp +"\C-xg": "get \M-?" +"\C-xt": "put \M-?" +"\M-.": yank-last-arg +$endif +@end example + +@node Bindable Readline Commands +@section Bindable Readline Commands + +@menu +* Commands For Moving:: Moving about the line. +* Commands For History:: Getting at previous lines. +* Commands For Text:: Commands for changing text. +* Commands For Killing:: Commands for killing and yanking. +* Numeric Arguments:: Specifying numeric arguments, repeat counts. +* Commands For Completion:: Getting Readline to do the typing for you. +* Keyboard Macros:: Saving and re-executing typed characters +* Miscellaneous Commands:: Other miscellaneous commands. +@end menu + +This section describes Readline commands that may be bound to key +sequences. + +@node Commands For Moving +@subsection Commands For Moving +@ftable @code +@item beginning-of-line (C-a) +Move to the start of the current line. + +@item end-of-line (C-e) +Move to the end of the line. + +@item forward-char (C-f) +Move forward a character. + +@item backward-char (C-b) +Move back a character. + +@item forward-word (M-f) +Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of +letters and digits. + +@item backward-word (M-b) +Move back to the start of this, or the previous, word. Words are +composed of letters and digits. + +@item clear-screen (C-l) +Clear the screen and redraw the current line, +leaving the current line at the top of the screen. + +@item redraw-current-line () +Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound. + +@end ftable + +@node Commands For History +@subsection Commands For Manipulating The History + +@ftable @code +@item accept-line (Newline, Return) +@ifset BashFeatures +Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is +non-empty, add it to the history list according to the setting of +the @code{HISTCONTROL} and @code{HISTIGNORE} variables. +If this line was a history line, then restore the history line to its +original state. +@end ifset +@ifclear BashFeatures +Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is +non-empty, add it to the history list. If this line was a history +line, then restore the history line to its original state. +@end ifclear + +@item previous-history (C-p) +Move `up' through the history list. + +@item next-history (C-n) +Move `down' through the history list. + +@item beginning-of-history (M-<) +Move to the first line in the history. + +@item end-of-history (M->) +Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently +being entered. + +@item reverse-search-history (C-r) +Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through +the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. + +@item forward-search-history (C-s) +Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through +the the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. + +@item non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p) +Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' +through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search +for a string supplied by the user. + +@item non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n) +Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' +through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search +for a string supplied by the user. + +@item history-search-forward () +Search forward through the history for the string of characters +between the start of the current line and the current cursor +position (the @var{point}). This is a non-incremental search. By +default, this command is unbound. + +@item history-search-backward () +Search backward through the history for the string of characters +between the start of the current line and the point. This +is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound. + +@item yank-nth-arg (M-C-y) +Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually +the second word on the previous line). With an argument @var{n}, +insert the @var{n}th word from the previous command (the words +in the previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument +inserts the @var{n}th word from the end of the previous command. + +@item yank-last-arg (M-., M-_) +Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the +previous history entry). With an +argument, behave exactly like @code{yank-nth-arg}. +Successive calls to @code{yank-last-arg} move back through the history +list, inserting the last argument of each line in turn. + +@end ftable + +@node Commands For Text +@subsection Commands For Changing Text + +@ftable @code +@item delete-char (C-d) +Delete the character under the cursor. If the cursor is at the +beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and +the last character typed was not bound to @code{delete-char}, then +return @code{EOF}. + +@item backward-delete-char (Rubout) +Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means +to kill the characters instead of deleting them. + +@item quoted-insert (C-q, C-v) +Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is +how to insert key sequences like @key{C-q}, for example. + +@ifclear BashFeatures +@item tab-insert (M-TAB) +Insert a tab character. +@end ifclear + +@item self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...) +Insert yourself. + +@item transpose-chars (C-t) +Drag the character before the cursor forward over +the character at the cursor, moving the +cursor forward as well. If the insertion point +is at the end of the line, then this +transposes the last two characters of the line. +Negative arguments don't work. + +@item transpose-words (M-t) +Drag the word behind the cursor past the word in front of the cursor +moving the cursor over that word as well. + +@item upcase-word (M-u) +Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. + +@item downcase-word (M-l) +Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. + +@item capitalize-word (M-c) +Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor. + +@end ftable + +@node Commands For Killing +@subsection Killing And Yanking + +@ftable @code + +@item kill-line (C-k) +Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line. + +@item backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout) +Kill backward to the beginning of the line. + +@item unix-line-discard (C-u) +Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. +The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. + +@item kill-whole-line () +Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where the +cursor is. By default, this is unbound. + +@item kill-word (M-d) +Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between +words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same +as @code{forward-word}. + +@item backward-kill-word (M-DEL) +Kill the word behind the cursor. Word boundaries are the same +as @code{backward-word}. + +@item unix-word-rubout (C-w) +Kill the word behind the cursor, using white space as a word +boundary. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. + +@item delete-horizontal-space () +Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound. + +@item kill-region () +Kill the text between the point and the @emph{mark} (saved +cursor position). This text is referred to as the @var{region}. +By default, this command is unbound. + +@item copy-region-as-kill () +Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked +right away. By default, this command is unbound. + +@item copy-backward-word () +Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. +The word boundaries are the same as @code{backward-word}. +By default, this command is unbound. + +@item copy-forward-word () +Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. +The word boundaries are the same as @code{forward-word}. +By default, this command is unbound. + +@item yank (C-y) +Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at the current +cursor position. + +@item yank-pop (M-y) +Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if +the prior command is yank or yank-pop. +@end ftable + +@node Numeric Arguments +@subsection Specifying Numeric Arguments +@ftable @code + +@item digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--) +Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new +argument. @key{M--} starts a negative argument. + +@item universal-argument () +This is another way to specify an argument. +If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a +leading minus sign, those digits define the argument. +If the command is followed by digits, executing @code{universal-argument} +again ends the numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. +As a special case, if this command is immediately followed by a +character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count +for the next command is multiplied by four. +The argument count is initially one, so executing this function the +first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the +argument count sixteen, and so on. +By default, this is not bound to a key. +@end ftable + +@node Commands For Completion +@subsection Letting Readline Type For You + +@ftable @code +@item complete (TAB) +Attempt to do completion on the text before the cursor. This is +application-specific. Generally, if you are typing a filename +argument, you can do filename completion; if you are typing a command, +you can do command completion; if you are typing in a symbol to GDB, you +can do symbol name completion; if you are typing in a variable to Bash, +you can do variable name completion, and so on. +@ifset BashFeatures +Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the +text begins with @samp{$}), username (if the text begins with +@samp{~}), hostname (if the text begins with @samp{@@}), or +command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none +of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted. +@end ifset + +@item possible-completions (M-?) +List the possible completions of the text before the cursor. + +@item insert-completions (M-*) +Insert all completions of the text before point that would have +been generated by @code{possible-completions}. + +@item menu-complete () +Similar to @code{complete}, but replaces the word to be completed +with a single match from the list of possible completions. +Repeated execution of @code{menu-complete} steps through the list +of possible completions, inserting each match in turn. +At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung and the +original text is restored. +An argument of @var{n} moves @var{n} positions forward in the list +of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward +through the list. +This command is intended to be bound to @code{TAB}, but is unbound +by default. + +@ifset BashFeatures +@item complete-filename (M-/) +Attempt filename completion on the text before point. + +@item possible-filename-completions (C-x /) +List the possible completions of the text before point, +treating it as a filename. + +@item complete-username (M-~) +Attempt completion on the text before point, treating +it as a username. + +@item possible-username-completions (C-x ~) +List the possible completions of the text before point, +treating it as a username. + +@item complete-variable (M-$) +Attempt completion on the text before point, treating +it as a shell variable. + +@item possible-variable-completions (C-x $) +List the possible completions of the text before point, +treating it as a shell variable. + +@item complete-hostname (M-@@) +Attempt completion on the text before point, treating +it as a hostname. + +@item possible-hostname-completions (C-x @@) +List the possible completions of the text before point, +treating it as a hostname. + +@item complete-command (M-!) +Attempt completion on the text before point, treating +it as a command name. Command completion attempts to +match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell +functions, shell builtins, and finally executable filenames, +in that order. + +@item possible-command-completions (C-x !) +List the possible completions of the text before point, +treating it as a command name. + +@item dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB) +Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing +the text against lines from the history list for possible +completion matches. + +@item complete-into-braces (M-@{) +Perform filename completion and return the list of possible completions +enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell +(@pxref{Brace Expansion}). + +@end ifset +@end ftable + +@node Keyboard Macros +@subsection Keyboard Macros +@ftable @code + +@item start-kbd-macro (C-x () +Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro. + +@item end-kbd-macro (C-x )) +Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro +and save the definition. + +@item call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e) +Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters +in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. + +@end ftable + +@node Miscellaneous Commands +@subsection Some Miscellaneous Commands +@ftable @code + +@item re-read-init-file (C-x C-r) +Read in the contents of the inputrc file, and incorporate +any bindings or variable assignments found there. + +@item abort (C-g) +Abort the current editing command and +ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of +@code{bell-style}). + +@item do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-@var{x}, @dots{}) +If the metafied character @var{x} is lowercase, run the command +that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character. + +@item prefix-meta (ESC) +Make the next character typed be metafied. This is for keyboards +without a meta key. Typing @samp{ESC f} is equivalent to typing +@samp{M-f}. + +@item undo (C-_, C-x C-u) +Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. + +@item revert-line (M-r) +Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the @code{undo} +command enough times to get back to the beginning. + +@item tilde-expand (M-~) +Perform tilde expansion on the current word. + +@item set-mark (C-@@) +Set the mark to the current point. If a +numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position. + +@item exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x) +Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to +the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark. + +@item character-search (C-]) +A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that +character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences. + +@item character-search-backward (M-C-]) +A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence +of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent +occurrences. + +@item insert-comment (M-#) +The value of the @code{comment-begin} +variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line, +and the line is accepted as if a newline had been typed. +@ifset BashFeatures +This makes the current line a shell comment. +@end ifset + +@item dump-functions () +Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the +Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an @var{inputrc} file. This command is unbound by default. + +@item dump-variables () +Print all of the settable variables and their values to the +Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an @var{inputrc} file. This command is unbound by default. + +@item dump-macros () +Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the +strings they ouput. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an @var{inputrc} file. This command is unbound by default. + +@ifset BashFeatures +@item glob-expand-word (C-x *) +The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion, +and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word. + +@item glob-list-expansions (C-x g) +The list of expansions that would have been generated by +@code{glob-expand-word} is displayed, and the line is redrawn. + +@item display-shell-version (C-x C-v) +Display version information about the current instance of Bash. + +@item shell-expand-line (M-C-e) +Expand the line as the shell does. +This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell +word expansions (@pxref{Shell Expansions}). + +@item history-expand-line (M-^) +Perform history expansion on the current line. + +@item magic-space () +Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space +(@pxref{History Interaction}). + +@item alias-expand-line () +Perform alias expansion on the current line (@pxref{Aliases}). + +@item history-and-alias-expand-line () +Perform history and alias expansion on the current line. + +@item insert-last-argument (M-., M-_) +A synonym for @code{yank-last-arg}. + +@item operate-and-get-next (C-o) +Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line +relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any +argument is ignored. + +@item emacs-editing-mode (C-e) +When in @code{vi} editing mode, this causes a switch back to +@code{emacs} editing mode, as if the command @samp{set -o emacs} had +been executed. + +@end ifset + +@end ftable + +@node Readline vi Mode +@section Readline vi Mode + +While the Readline library does not have a full set of @code{vi} +editing functions, it does contain enough to allow simple editing +of the line. The Readline @code{vi} mode behaves as specified in +the @sc{POSIX} 1003.2 standard. + +@ifset BashFeatures +In order to switch interactively between @code{emacs} and @code{vi} +editing modes, use the @samp{set -o emacs} and @samp{set -o vi} +commands (@pxref{The Set Builtin}). +@end ifset +@ifclear BashFeatures +In order to switch interactively between @code{emacs} and @code{vi} +editing modes, use the command M-C-j (toggle-editing-mode). +@end ifclear +The Readline default is @code{emacs} mode. + +When you enter a line in @code{vi} mode, you are already placed in +`insertion' mode, as if you had typed an @samp{i}. Pressing @key{ESC} +switches you into `command' mode, where you can edit the text of the +line with the standard @code{vi} movement keys, move to previous +history lines with @samp{k} and subsequent lines with @samp{j}, and +so forth. diff --git a/readline/doc/texi2dvi b/readline/doc/texi2dvi new file mode 100755 index 0000000..00e154d --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/texi2dvi @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ +#! /bin/sh +# texi2dvi --- smartly produce DVI files from texinfo sources + +# Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +# $Id$ + +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) +# any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +# along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this +# program's maintainer or write to: The Free Software Foundation, +# Inc.; 59 Temple Place, Suite 330; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. + +# Commentary: + +# Author: Noah Friedman <friedman@prep.ai.mit.edu> + +# Please send bug reports, etc. to bug-texinfo@prep.ai.mit.edu +# If possible, please send a copy of the output of the script called with +# the `--debug' option when making a bug report. + +# In the interest of general portability, some common bourne shell +# constructs were avoided because they weren't guaranteed to be available +# in some earlier implementations. I've tried to make this program as +# portable as possible. Welcome to unix, where the lowest common +# denominator is rapidly diminishing. +# +# Among the more interesting lossages I noticed with some bourne shells +# are: +# * No shell functions. +# * No `unset' builtin. +# * `shift' cannot take a numeric argument, and signals an error if +# there are no arguments to shift. + +# Code: + +# Name by which this script was invoked. +progname=`echo "$0" | sed -e 's/[^\/]*\///g'` + +# This string is expanded by rcs automatically when this file is checked out. +rcs_revision='$Revision$' +version=`set - $rcs_revision; echo $2` + +# To prevent hairy quoting and escaping later. +bq='`' +eq="'" + +usage="Usage: $progname {options} [file1] {file2 {...}} +(version $version) + +Options are: +-D, --debug Turn on shell debugging ($bq${bq}set -x$eq$eq). +-h, --help You're looking at it. +-v, --version Print version number. + +Arguments in brackets are required. Those in braces are optional. +" + +# Initialize variables. +# Don't use `unset' since old bourne shells don't have this command. +# Instead, assign them an empty value. +# Some of these, like TEX and TEXINDEX, may be inherited from the environment +backup_extension=.bak +debug= +orig_pwd="`pwd`" +verbose= +texindex="${TEXINDEX-texindex}" +tex="${TEX-tex}" + +# Save this so we can construct a new TEXINPUTS path for each file to be +# processed. +TEXINPUTS_orig="$TEXINPUTS" +export TEXINPUTS + +# Parse command line arguments. +# Make sure that all wildcarded options are long enough to be unambiguous. +# It's a good idea to document the full long option name in each case. +# Long options which take arguments will need a `*' appended to the +# canonical name to match the value appended after the `=' character. +while : ; do + case $# in 0) break ;; esac + case "$1" in + -D | --debug | --d* ) + debug=t + shift + ;; + -h | --help | --h* ) + echo "$usage" 1>&2 + exit 0 + ;; + -v | --version | --v* ) + echo "texi2dvi version $version" 1>&2 + exit 0 + ;; + -- ) # Stop option processing + shift + break + ;; + -* ) + case "$1" in + --*=* ) arg=`echo "$1" | sed -e 's/=.*//'` ;; + * ) arg="$1" ;; + esac + exec 1>&2 + echo "$progname: unknown or ambiguous option $bq$arg$eq" + echo "$progname: Use $bq--help$eq for a list of options." + exit 1 + ;; + * ) + break + ;; + esac +done + +# See if there are any command line args left (which will be interpreted as +# filename arguments) +case $# in + 0 ) + exec 1>&2 + echo "$progname: at least one file name is required as an argument." + echo "$progname: Use $bq--help$eq for a description of command syntax." + exit 2 + ;; +esac + +case "$debug" in t ) set -x ;; esac + +# Texify files +for command_line_filename in ${1+"$@"} ; do + # Roughly equivalent to `dirname ...`, but more portable + directory="`echo ${command_line_filename} | sed 's/\/[^\/]*$//'`" + filename_texi="`basename ${command_line_filename}`" + # Strip off the last extension part (probably .texinfo or .texi) + filename_noext="`echo ${filename_texi} | sed 's/\.[^.]*$//'`" + + # If directory and file are the same, then it's probably because there's + # no pathname component. Set dirname to `.', the current directory. + if test "z${directory}" = "z${command_line_filename}" ; then + directory="." + fi + + # Source file might @include additional texinfo sources. Put `.' and + # directory where source file(s) reside in TEXINPUTS before anything + # else. `.' goes first to ensure that any old .aux, .cps, etc. files in + # ${directory} don't get used in preference to fresher files in `.'. + TEXINPUTS=".:${directory}:${TEXINPUTS_orig}" + + # "Unset" variables that might have values from previous iterations and + # which won't be completely reset later. + definite_index_files="" + + # See if file exists here. If it doesn't we're in trouble since, even + # though the user may be able to reenter a valid filename at the tex + # prompt (assuming they're attending the terminal), this script won't be + # able to find the right index files and so forth. + if test ! -r "${command_line_filename}" ; then + echo "${progname}: ${command_line_filename}: No such file or permission denied." 1>&2 + continue; + fi + + # Find all files having root filename with a two-letter extension, + # determine whether they're really index files, and save them. Foo.aux + # is actually the cross-references file, but we need to keep track of + # that too. + possible_index_files="`eval echo ${filename_noext}.?? ${filename_noext}.aux`" + for this_file in ${possible_index_files} ; do + # If file is empty, forget it. + if test ! -s "${this_file}" ; then + continue; + fi + + # Examine first character of file. If it's not a backslash or + # single quote, then it's definitely not an index or xref file. + first_character="`sed -n '1s/^\(.\).*$/\1/p;q' ${this_file}`" + if test "${first_character}" = "\\" -o "${first_character}" = "'" ; then + definite_index_files="${definite_index_files} ${this_file}" + fi + done + orig_index_files="${definite_index_files}" + orig_index_files_sans_aux="`echo ${definite_index_files} \ + | sed 's/'${filename_noext}'\.aux//; + s/^[ ]*//;s/[ ]*$//;'`" + + # Now save copies of original index files so we have some means of + # comparison later. + for index_file_to_save in ${orig_index_files} ; do + cp "${index_file_to_save}" "${index_file_to_save}${backup_extension}" + done + + # Run texindex on current index files. If they already exist, and + # after running TeX a first time the index files don't change, then + # there's no reason to run TeX again. But we won't know that if the + # index files are out of date or nonexistent. + if test "${orig_index_files_sans_aux}" ; then + ${texindex} ${orig_index_files_sans_aux} + fi + + if ${tex} ${command_line_filename} ; then # TeX run first time + definite_index_files="" + # Get list of new index files + possible_index_files="`eval echo ${filename_noext}.?? ${filename_noext}.aux`" + for this_file in ${possible_index_files} ; do + # If file is empty, forget it. + if test ! -s ${this_file} ; then + continue; + fi + + # Examine first character of file. If it's not a backslash or + # single quote, then it's definitely not an index or xref file. + first_character="`sed -n '1s/^\(.\).*$/\1/p;q' ${this_file}`" + if test "${first_character}" = "\\" -o "${first_character}" = "'" ; then + definite_index_files="${definite_index_files} ${this_file}" + fi + done + new_index_files="${definite_index_files}" + new_index_files_sans_aux="`echo ${definite_index_files} \ + | sed 's/'${filename_noext}'\.aux//; + s/^[ ]*//;s/[ ]*$//;'`" + + # If old and new list don't at least have the same file list, then one + # file or another has definitely changed. + if test "${orig_index_files}" != "${new_index_files}" ; then + index_files_changed_p=t + else + # File list is the same. We must compare each file until we find a + # difference. + index_files_changed_p="" + for this_file in ${new_index_files} ; do + # cmp -s will return nonzero exit status if files differ. + cmp -s "${this_file}" "${this_file}${backup_extension}" + if test $? -ne 0 ; then + # We only need to keep comparing until we find *one* that + # differs, because we'll have to run texindex & tex no + # matter what. + index_files_changed_p=t + break + fi + done + fi + + # If index files have changed since TeX has been run, or if the aux + # file wasn't present originally, run texindex and TeX again. + if test "${index_files_changed_p}" ; then + retval=0 + if test "${new_index_files_sans_aux}" ; then + ${texindex} ${new_index_files_sans_aux} + retval=$? + fi + if test ${retval} -eq 0 ; then + ${tex} "${command_line_filename}" + fi + fi + fi + + # Generate list of files to delete, then call rm once with the entire + # list. This is significantly faster than multiple executions of rm. + file_list="" + for file in ${orig_index_files} ; do + file_list="${file_list} ${file}${backup_extension}" + done + if test "${file_list}" ; then + rm -f ${file_list} + fi +done + +# texi2dvi ends here diff --git a/readline/doc/texi2html b/readline/doc/texi2html new file mode 100755 index 0000000..cc75178 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline/doc/texi2html @@ -0,0 +1,2021 @@ +#!/usr/bin/perl +'di '; +'ig 00 '; +#+############################################################################## +# # +# File: texi2html # +# # +# Description: Program to transform most Texinfo documents to HTML # +# # +#-############################################################################## + +# @(#)texi2html 1.51 09/10/96 Written (mainly) by Lionel Cons, Lionel.Cons@cern.ch + +# The man page for this program is included at the end of this file and can be +# viewed using the command 'nroff -man texi2html'. +# Please read the copyright at the end of the man page. + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Constants # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +$DEBUG_TOC = 1; +$DEBUG_INDEX = 2; +$DEBUG_BIB = 4; +$DEBUG_GLOSS = 8; +$DEBUG_DEF = 16; +$DEBUG_HTML = 32; +$DEBUG_USER = 64; + +$BIBRE = '\[[\w\/]+\]'; # RE for a bibliography reference +$FILERE = '[\/\w.+-]+'; # RE for a file name +$VARRE = '[^\s\{\}]+'; # RE for a variable name +$NODERE = '[^@{}:\'`",]+'; # RE for a node name +$NODESRE = '[^@{}:\'`"]+'; # RE for a list of node names +$XREFRE = '[^@{}]+'; # RE for a xref (should use NODERE) + +$ERROR = "***"; # prefix for errors and warnings +$THISPROG = "texi2html 1.51"; # program name and version +$HOMEPAGE = "http://wwwcn.cern.ch/dci/texi2html/"; # program home page +$TODAY = &pretty_date; # like "20 September 1993" +$SPLITTAG = "<!-- SPLIT HERE -->\n"; # tag to know where to split +$PROTECTTAG = "_ThisIsProtected_"; # tag to recognize protected sections +$html2_doctype = '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 2//EN">'; + +# +# language dependent constants +# +#$LDC_SEE = 'see'; +#$LDC_SECTION = 'section'; +#$LDC_IN = 'in'; +#$LDC_TOC = 'Table of Contents'; +#$LDC_GOTO = 'Go to the'; +#$LDC_FOOT = 'Footnotes'; +# TODO: @def* shortcuts + +# +# pre-defined indices +# +%predefined_index = ( + 'cp', 'c', + 'fn', 'f', + 'vr', 'v', + 'ky', 'k', + 'pg', 'p', + 'tp', 't', + ); + +# +# valid indices +# +%valid_index = ( + 'c', 1, + 'f', 1, + 'v', 1, + 'k', 1, + 'p', 1, + 't', 1, + ); + +# +# texinfo section names to level +# +%sec2level = ( + 'top', 0, + 'chapter', 1, + 'unnumbered', 1, + 'majorheading', 1, + 'chapheading', 1, + 'appendix', 1, + 'section', 2, + 'unnumberedsec', 2, + 'heading', 2, + 'appendixsec', 2, + 'appendixsection', 2, + 'subsection', 3, + 'unnumberedsubsec', 3, + 'subheading', 3, + 'appendixsubsec', 3, + 'subsubsection', 4, + 'unnumberedsubsubsec', 4, + 'subsubheading', 4, + 'appendixsubsubsec', 4, + ); + +# +# accent map, TeX command to ISO name +# +%accent_map = ( + '"', 'uml', + '~', 'tilde', + '^', 'circ', + '`', 'grave', + '\'', 'acute', + ); + +# +# texinfo "simple things" (@foo) to HTML ones +# +%simple_map = ( + # cf. makeinfo.c + "*", "<BR>", # HTML+ + " ", " ", + "\n", "\n", + "|", "", + # spacing commands + ":", "", + "!", "!", + "?", "?", + ".", ".", + ); + +# +# texinfo "things" (@foo{}) to HTML ones +# +%things_map = ( + 'TeX', 'TeX', + 'br', '<P>', # paragraph break + 'bullet', '*', + 'copyright', '(C)', + 'dots', '...', + 'equiv', '==', + 'error', 'error-->', + 'expansion', '==>', + 'minus', '-', + 'point', '-!-', + 'print', '-|', + 'result', '=>', + 'today', $TODAY, + ); + +# +# texinfo styles (@foo{bar}) to HTML ones +# +%style_map = ( + 'asis', '', + 'b', 'B', + 'cite', 'CITE', + 'code', 'CODE', + 'ctrl', '&do_ctrl', # special case + 'dfn', 'STRONG', # DFN tag is illegal in the standard + 'dmn', '', # useless + 'emph', 'EM', + 'file', '"TT', # will put quotes, cf. &apply_style + 'i', 'I', + 'kbd', 'KBD', + 'key', 'KBD', + 'r', '', # unsupported + 'samp', '"SAMP', # will put quotes, cf. &apply_style + 'sc', '&do_sc', # special case + 'strong', 'STRONG', + 't', 'TT', + 'titlefont', '', # useless + 'var', 'VAR', + 'w', '', # unsupported + ); + +# +# texinfo format (@foo/@end foo) to HTML ones +# +%format_map = ( + 'display', 'PRE', + 'example', 'PRE', + 'format', 'PRE', + 'lisp', 'PRE', + 'quotation', 'BLOCKQUOTE', + 'smallexample', 'PRE', + 'smalllisp', 'PRE', + # lists + 'itemize', 'UL', + 'enumerate', 'OL', + # poorly supported + 'flushleft', 'PRE', + 'flushright', 'PRE', + ); + +# +# texinfo definition shortcuts to real ones +# +%def_map = ( + # basic commands + 'deffn', 0, + 'defvr', 0, + 'deftypefn', 0, + 'deftypevr', 0, + 'defcv', 0, + 'defop', 0, + 'deftp', 0, + # basic x commands + 'deffnx', 0, + 'defvrx', 0, + 'deftypefnx', 0, + 'deftypevrx', 0, + 'defcvx', 0, + 'defopx', 0, + 'deftpx', 0, + # shortcuts + 'defun', 'deffn Function', + 'defmac', 'deffn Macro', + 'defspec', 'deffn {Special Form}', + 'defvar', 'defvr Variable', + 'defopt', 'defvr {User Option}', + 'deftypefun', 'deftypefn Function', + 'deftypevar', 'deftypevr Variable', + 'defivar', 'defcv {Instance Variable}', + 'defmethod', 'defop Method', + # x shortcuts + 'defunx', 'deffnx Function', + 'defmacx', 'deffnx Macro', + 'defspecx', 'deffnx {Special Form}', + 'defvarx', 'defvrx Variable', + 'defoptx', 'defvrx {User Option}', + 'deftypefunx', 'deftypefnx Function', + 'deftypevarx', 'deftypevrx Variable', + 'defivarx', 'defcvx {Instance Variable}', + 'defmethodx', 'defopx Method', + ); + +# +# things to skip +# +%to_skip = ( + # comments + 'c', 1, + 'comment', 1, + # useless + 'contents', 1, + 'shortcontents', 1, + 'summarycontents', 1, + 'footnotestyle', 1, + 'end ifclear', 1, + 'end ifset', 1, + 'titlepage', 1, + 'end titlepage', 1, + # unsupported commands (formatting) + 'afourpaper', 1, + 'cropmarks', 1, + 'finalout', 1, + 'headings', 1, + 'need', 1, + 'page', 1, + 'setchapternewpage', 1, + 'everyheading', 1, + 'everyfooting', 1, + 'evenheading', 1, + 'evenfooting', 1, + 'oddheading', 1, + 'oddfooting', 1, + 'smallbook', 1, + 'vskip', 1, + 'filbreak', 1, + # unsupported formats + 'cartouche', 1, + 'end cartouche', 1, + 'group', 1, + 'end group', 1, + ); + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Argument parsing, initialisation # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +$use_bibliography = 1; +$use_acc = 0; +$debug = 0; +$doctype = ''; +$check = 0; +$expandinfo = 0; +$use_glossary = 0; +$invisible_mark = ''; +$use_iso = 0; +@include_dirs = (); +$show_menu = 0; +$number_sections = 0; +$split_node = 0; +$split_chapter = 0; +$monolithic = 0; +$verbose = 0; +$usage = <<EOT; +This is $THISPROG +To convert a Texinfo file to HMTL: $0 [options] file + where options can be: + -expandinfo : use \@ifinfo sections, not \@iftex + -glossary : handle a glossary + -invisible name: use 'name' as an invisible anchor + -I dir : search also for files in 'dir' + -menu : handle menus + -monolithic : output only one file including ToC + -number : number sections + -split_chapter : split on main sections + -split_node : split on nodes + -usage : print usage instructions + -verbose : verbose output +To check converted files: $0 -check [-verbose] files +EOT + +while ($#ARGV >= 0 && $ARGV[0] =~ /^-/) { + $_ = shift(@ARGV); + if (/^-acc$/) { $use_acc = 1; next; } + if (/^-d(ebug)?(\d+)?$/) { $debug = $2 || shift(@ARGV); next; } + if (/^-doctype$/) { $doctype = shift(@ARGV); next; } + if (/^-c(heck)?$/) { $check = 1; next; } + if (/^-e(xpandinfo)?$/) { $expandinfo = 1; next; } + if (/^-g(lossary)?$/) { $use_glossary = 1; next; } + if (/^-i(nvisible)?$/) { $invisible_mark = shift(@ARGV); next; } + if (/^-iso$/) { $use_iso = 1; next; } + if (/^-I(.+)?$/) { push(@include_dirs, $1 || shift(@ARGV)); next; } + if (/^-m(enu)?$/) { $show_menu = 1; next; } + if (/^-mono(lithic)?$/) { $monolithic = 1; next; } + if (/^-n(umber)?$/) { $number_sections = 1; next; } + if (/^-s(plit)?_?(n(ode)?|c(hapter)?)?$/) { + if ($2 =~ /^n/) { + $split_node = 1; + } else { + $split_chapter = 1; + } + next; + } + if (/^-v(erbose)?$/) { $verbose = 1; next; } + die $usage; +} +if ($check) { + die $usage unless @ARGV > 0; + ✓ + exit; +} + +if (($split_node || $split_chapter) && $monolithic) { + warn "Can't use -monolithic with -split, -monolithic ignored.\n"; + $monolithic = 0; +} +if ($expandinfo) { + $to_skip{'ifinfo'}++; + $to_skip{'end ifinfo'}++; +} else { + $to_skip{'iftex'}++; + $to_skip{'end iftex'}++; +} +$invisible_mark = '<IMG SRC="invisible.xbm">' if $invisible_mark eq 'xbm'; +die $usage unless @ARGV == 1; +$docu = shift(@ARGV); +if ($docu =~ /.*\//) { + chop($docu_dir = $&); + $docu_name = $'; +} else { + $docu_dir = '.'; + $docu_name = $docu; +} +unshift(@include_dirs, $docu_dir); +$docu_name =~ s/\.te?x(i|info)?$//; # basename of the document + +$docu_doc = "$docu_name.html"; # document's contents +if ($monolithic) { + $docu_toc = $docu_foot = $docu_doc; +} else { + $docu_toc = "${docu_name}_toc.html"; # document's table of contents + $docu_foot = "${docu_name}_foot.html"; # document's footnotes +} + +# +# variables +# +%value = (); # hold texinfo variables +$value{'html'} = 1; # predefine html (the output format) +$value{'texi2html'} = '1.51'; # predefine texi2html (the translator) +# _foo: internal to track @foo +foreach ('_author', '_title', '_subtitle', + '_settitle', '_setfilename') { + $value{$_} = ''; # prevent -w warnings +} +%node2sec = (); # node to section name +%node2href = (); # node to HREF +%bib2href = (); # bibliography reference to HREF +%gloss2href = (); # glossary term to HREF +@sections = (); # list of sections +%tag2pro = (); # protected sections + +# +# initial indexes +# +$bib_num = 0; +$foot_num = 0; +$gloss_num = 0; +$idx_num = 0; +$sec_num = 0; +$doc_num = 0; +$html_num = 0; + +# +# can I use ISO8879 characters? (HTML+) +# +if ($use_iso) { + $things_map{'bullet'} = "•"; + $things_map{'copyright'} = "©"; + $things_map{'dots'} = "…"; + $things_map{'equiv'} = "≡"; + $things_map{'expansion'} = "→"; + $things_map{'point'} = "∗"; + $things_map{'result'} = "⇒"; +} + +# +# read texi2html extensions (if any) +# +$extensions = 'texi2html.ext'; # extensions in working directory +if (-f $extensions) { + print "# reading extensions from $extensions\n" if $verbose; + require($extensions); +} +($progdir = $0) =~ s/[^\/]+$//; +if ($progdir && ($progdir ne './')) { + $extensions = "${progdir}texi2html.ext"; # extensions in texi2html directory + if (-f $extensions) { + print "# reading extensions from $extensions\n" if $verbose; + require($extensions); + } +} + +print "# reading from $docu\n" if $verbose; + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Pass 1: read source, handle command, variable, simple substitution # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +@lines = (); # whole document +@toc_lines = (); # table of contents +$toplevel = 0; # top level seen in hierarchy +$curlevel = 0; # current level in TOC +$node = ''; # current node name +$in_table = 0; # am I inside a table +$table_type = ''; # type of table ('', 'f', 'v') +@tables = (); # nested table support +$in_bibliography = 0; # am I inside a bibliography +$in_glossary = 0; # am I inside a glossary +$in_top = 0; # am I inside the top node +$in_pre = 0; # am I inside a preformatted section +$in_list = 0; # am I inside a list +$in_html = 0; # am I inside an HTML section +$first_line = 1; # is it the first line +$dont_html = 0; # don't protect HTML on this line +$split_num = 0; # split index +$deferred_ref = ''; # deferred reference for indexes +@html_stack = (); # HTML elements stack +$html_element = ''; # current HTML element +&html_reset; + +# build code for simple substitutions +# the maps used (%simple_map and %things_map) MUST be aware of this +# watch out for regexps, / and escaped characters! +$subst_code = ''; +foreach (keys(%simple_map)) { + ($re = $_) =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g; # protect regexp chars + $subst_code .= "s/\\\@$re/$simple_map{$_}/g;\n"; +} +foreach (keys(%things_map)) { + $subst_code .= "s/\\\@$_\\{\\}/$things_map{$_}/g;\n"; +} +if ($use_acc) { + # accentuated characters + foreach (keys(%accent_map)) { + if ($_ eq "`") { + $subst_code .= "s/$;3"; + } elsif ($_ eq "'") { + $subst_code .= "s/$;4"; + } else { + $subst_code .= "s/\\\@\\$_"; + } + $subst_code .= "([aeiou])/&\${1}$accent_map{$_};/gi;\n"; + } +} +eval("sub simple_substitutions { $subst_code }"); + +&init_input; +while ($_ = &next_line) { + # + # remove \input on the first lines only + # + if ($first_line) { + next if /^\\input/; + $first_line = 0; + } + # + # parse texinfo tags + # + $tag = ''; + $end_tag = ''; + if (/^\@end\s+(\w+)\b/) { + $end_tag = $1; + } elsif (/^\@(\w+)\b/) { + $tag = $1; + } + # + # handle @ifhtml / @end ifhtml + # + if ($in_html) { + if ($end_tag eq 'ifhtml') { + $in_html = 0; + } else { + $tag2pro{$in_html} .= $_; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'ifhtml') { + $in_html = $PROTECTTAG . ++$html_num; + push(@lines, $in_html); + next; + } + # + # try to skip the line + # + if ($end_tag) { + next if $to_skip{"end $end_tag"}; + } elsif ($tag) { + next if $to_skip{$tag}; + last if $tag eq 'bye'; + } + if ($in_top) { + # parsing the top node + if ($tag eq 'node' || $tag eq 'include' || $sec2level{$tag}) { + # no more in top + $in_top = 0; + } else { + # skip it + next; + } + } + # + # try to remove inlined comments + # syntax from tex-mode.el comment-start-skip + # + s/((^|[^\@])(\@\@)*)\@c(omment)? .*/$1/; + # non-@ substitutions cf. texinfmt.el + s/``/\"/g; + s/''/\"/g; + s/([\w ])---([\w ])/$1--$2/g; + # + # analyze the tag + # + if ($tag) { + # skip lines + &skip_until($tag), next if $tag eq 'ignore'; + if ($expandinfo) { + &skip_until($tag), next if $tag eq 'iftex'; + } else { + &skip_until($tag), next if $tag eq 'ifinfo'; + } + &skip_until($tag), next if $tag eq 'tex'; + # handle special tables + if ($tag eq 'table') { + $table_type = ''; + } elsif ($tag eq 'ftable') { + $tag = 'table'; + $table_type = 'f'; + } elsif ($tag eq 'vtable') { + $tag = 'table'; + $table_type = 'v'; + } + # special cases + if ($tag eq 'top' || ($tag eq 'node' && /^\@node\s+top\s*,/i)) { + $in_top = 1; + @lines = (); # ignore all lines before top (title page garbage) + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'node') { + $in_top = 0; + warn "$ERROR Bad node line: $_" unless $_ =~ /^\@node\s$NODESRE$/o; + $_ = &protect_html($_); # if node contains '&' for instance + s/^\@node\s+//; + ($node) = split(/,/); + &normalise_node($node); + if ($split_node) { + &next_doc; + push(@lines, $SPLITTAG) if $split_num++; + push(@sections, $node); + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'include') { + if (/^\@include\s+($FILERE)\s*$/o) { + $file = $1; + unless (-e $file) { + foreach $dir (@include_dirs) { + $file = "$dir/$1"; + last if -e $file; + } + } + if (-e $file) { + &open($file); + print "# including $file\n" if $verbose; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Can't find $file, skipping"; + } + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad include line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'ifclear') { + if (/^\@ifclear\s+($VARRE)\s*$/o) { + next unless defined($value{$1}); + &skip_until($tag); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad ifclear line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'ifset') { + if (/^\@ifset\s+($VARRE)\s*$/o) { + next if defined($value{$1}); + &skip_until($tag); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad ifset line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'menu') { + unless ($show_menu) { + &skip_until($tag); + next; + } + &html_push_if($tag); + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + } elsif ($format_map{$tag}) { + $in_pre = 1 if $format_map{$tag} eq 'PRE'; + &html_push_if($format_map{$tag}); + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + $in_list++ if $format_map{$tag} eq 'UL' || $format_map{$tag} eq 'OL' ; + push(@lines, &debug("<$format_map{$tag}>\n", __LINE__)); + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'table') { + if (/^\@[fv]?table\s+\@(\w+)\s*$/) { + $in_table = $1; + unshift(@tables, join($;, $table_type, $in_table)); + push(@lines, &debug("<DL COMPACT>\n", __LINE__)); + &html_push_if('DL'); + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad table line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'synindex' || $tag eq 'syncodeindex') { + if (/^\@$tag\s+(\w)\w\s+(\w)\w\s*$/) { + eval("*${1}index = *${2}index"); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad syn*index line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'sp') { + push(@lines, &debug("<P>\n", __LINE__)); + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'setref') { + &protect_html; # if setref contains '&' for instance + if (/^\@$tag\s*{($NODERE)}\s*$/) { + $setref = $1; + $setref =~ s/\s+/ /g; # normalize + $setref =~ s/ $//; + $node2sec{$setref} = $name; + $node2href{$setref} = "$docu_doc#$docid"; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad setref line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif ($tag eq 'defindex' || $tag eq 'defcodeindex') { + if (/^\@$tag\s+(\w\w)\s*$/) { + $valid_index{$1} = 1; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad defindex line: $_"; + } + next; + } elsif (defined($def_map{$tag})) { + if ($def_map{$tag}) { + s/^\@$tag\s+//; + $tag = $def_map{$tag}; + $_ = "\@$tag $_"; + $tag =~ s/\s.*//; + } + } elsif (defined($user_sub{$tag})) { + s/^\@$tag\s+//; + $sub = $user_sub{$tag}; + print "# user $tag = $sub, arg: $_" if $debug & $DEBUG_USER; + if (defined(&$sub)) { + chop($_); + &$sub($_); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad user sub for $tag: $sub\n"; + } + next; + } + if (defined($def_map{$tag})) { + s/^\@$tag\s+//; + if ($tag =~ /x$/) { + # extra definition line + $tag = $`; + $is_extra = 1; + } else { + $is_extra = 0; + } + while (/\{([^\{\}]*)\}/) { + # this is a {} construct + ($before, $contents, $after) = ($`, $1, $'); + # protect spaces + $contents =~ s/\s+/$;9/g; + # restore $_ protecting {} + $_ = "$before$;7$contents$;8$after"; + } + @args = split(/\s+/, &protect_html($_)); + foreach (@args) { + s/$;9/ /g; # unprotect spaces + s/$;7/\{/g; # ... { + s/$;8/\}/g; # ... } + } + $type = shift(@args); + $type =~ s/^\{(.*)\}$/$1/; + print "# def ($tag): {$type} ", join(', ', @args), "\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_DEF; + $type .= ':'; # it's nicer like this + $name = shift(@args); + $name =~ s/^\{(.*)\}$/$1/; + if ($is_extra) { + $_ = &debug("<DT>", __LINE__); + } else { + $_ = &debug("<DL>\n<DT>", __LINE__); + } + if ($tag eq 'deffn' || $tag eq 'defvr' || $tag eq 'deftp') { + $_ .= "<U>$type</U> <B>$name</B>"; + $_ .= " <I>@args</I>" if @args; + } elsif ($tag eq 'deftypefn' || $tag eq 'deftypevr' + || $tag eq 'defcv' || $tag eq 'defop') { + $ftype = $name; + $name = shift(@args); + $name =~ s/^\{(.*)\}$/$1/; + $_ .= "<U>$type</U> $ftype <B>$name</B>"; + $_ .= " <I>@args</I>" if @args; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Unknown definition type: $tag\n"; + $_ .= "<U>$type</U> <B>$name</B>"; + $_ .= " <I>@args</I>" if @args; + } + $_ .= &debug("\n<DD>", __LINE__); + $name = &unprotect_html($name); + if ($tag eq 'deffn' || $tag eq 'deftypefn') { + unshift(@input_spool, "\@findex $name\n"); + } elsif ($tag eq 'defop') { + unshift(@input_spool, "\@findex $name on $ftype\n"); + } elsif ($tag eq 'defvr' || $tag eq 'deftypevr' || $tag eq 'defcv') { + unshift(@input_spool, "\@vindex $name\n"); + } else { + unshift(@input_spool, "\@tindex $name\n"); + } + $dont_html = 1; + } + } elsif ($end_tag) { + if ($format_map{$end_tag}) { + $in_pre = 0 if $format_map{$end_tag} eq 'PRE'; + $in_list-- if $format_map{$end_tag} eq 'UL' || $format_map{$end_tag} eq 'OL' ; + &html_pop_if('LI', 'P'); + &html_pop_if(); + push(@lines, &debug("</$format_map{$end_tag}>\n", __LINE__)); + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + } elsif ($end_tag eq 'table' || + $end_tag eq 'ftable' || + $end_tag eq 'vtable') { + shift(@tables); + if (@tables) { + ($table_type, $in_table) = split($;, $tables[0]); + } else { + $in_table = 0; + } + push(@lines, "</DL>\n"); + &html_pop_if('DD'); + &html_pop_if(); + } elsif (defined($def_map{$end_tag})) { + push(@lines, &debug("</DL>\n", __LINE__)); + } elsif ($end_tag eq 'menu') { + &html_pop_if(); + push(@lines, $_); # must keep it for pass 2 + } + next; + } + # + # misc things + # + # protect texi and HTML things + &protect_texi; + $_ = &protect_html($_) unless $dont_html; + $dont_html = 0; + # substitution (unsupported things) + s/^\@center\s+//g; + s/^\@exdent\s+//g; + s/\@noindent\s+//g; + s/\@refill\s+//g; + # other substitutions + &simple_substitutions; + s/\@value{($VARRE)}/$value{$1}/eg; + s/\@footnote\{/\@footnote$docu_doc\{/g; # mark footnotes, cf. pass 4 + # + # analyze the tag again + # + if ($tag) { + if (defined($sec2level{$tag}) && $sec2level{$tag} > 0) { + if (/^\@$tag\s+(.+)$/) { + $name = $1; + $name =~ s/\s+$//; + $level = $sec2level{$tag}; + $name = &update_sec_num($tag, $level) . " $name" + if $number_sections && $tag !~ /^unnumbered/; + if ($tag =~ /heading$/) { + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + if ($html_element ne 'body') { + # We are in a nice pickle here. We are trying to get a H? heading + # even though we are not in the body level. So, we convert it to a + # nice, bold, line by itself. + $_ = &debug("\n\n<P><STRONG>$name</STRONG></P>\n\n", __LINE__); + } else { + $_ = &debug("<H$level>$name</H$level>\n", __LINE__); + &html_push_if('body'); + } + print "# heading, section $name, level $level\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_TOC; + } else { + if ($split_chapter) { + unless ($toplevel) { + # first time we see a "section" + unless ($level == 1) { + warn "$ERROR The first section found is not of level 1: $_"; + warn "$ERROR I'll split on sections of level $level...\n"; + } + $toplevel = $level; + } + if ($level == $toplevel) { + &next_doc; + push(@lines, $SPLITTAG) if $split_num++; + push(@sections, $name); + } + } + $sec_num++; + $docid = "SEC$sec_num"; + $tocid = "TOC$sec_num"; + # check biblio and glossary + $in_bibliography = ($name =~ /^([A-Z]|\d+)?(\.\d+)*\s*bibliography$/i); + $in_glossary = ($name =~ /^([A-Z]|\d+)?(\.\d+)*\s*glossary$/i); + # check node + if ($node) { + if ($node2sec{$node}) { + warn "$ERROR Duplicate node found: $node\n"; + } else { + $node2sec{$node} = $name; + $node2href{$node} = "$docu_doc#$docid"; + print "# node $node, section $name, level $level\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_TOC; + } + $node = ''; + } else { + print "# no node, section $name, level $level\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_TOC; + } + # update TOC + while ($level > $curlevel) { + $curlevel++; + push(@toc_lines, "<UL>\n"); + } + while ($level < $curlevel) { + $curlevel--; + push(@toc_lines, "</UL>\n"); + } + $_ = "<LI>" . &anchor($tocid, "$docu_doc#$docid", $name, 1); + push(@toc_lines, &substitute_style($_)); + # update DOC + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + &html_reset; + $_ = "<H$level>".&anchor($docid, "$docu_toc#$tocid", $name)."</H$level>\n"; + $_ = &debug($_, __LINE__); + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + } + # update DOC + foreach $line (split(/\n+/, $_)) { + push(@lines, "$line\n"); + } + next; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad section line: $_"; + } + } else { + # track variables + $value{$1} = $2, next if /^\@set\s+($VARRE)\s+(.*)$/o; + delete $value{$1}, next if /^\@clear\s+($VARRE)\s*$/o; + # store things + $value{'_setfilename'} = $1, next if /^\@setfilename\s+(.*)$/; + $value{'_settitle'} = $1, next if /^\@settitle\s+(.*)$/; + $value{'_author'} .= "$1\n", next if /^\@author\s+(.*)$/; + $value{'_subtitle'} .= "$1\n", next if /^\@subtitle\s+(.*)$/; + $value{'_title'} .= "$1\n", next if /^\@title\s+(.*)$/; + # index + if (/^\@(..?)index\s+/) { + unless ($valid_index{$1}) { + warn "$ERROR Undefined index command: $_"; + next; + } + $id = 'IDX' . ++$idx_num; + $index = $1 . 'index'; + $what = &substitute_style($'); + $what =~ s/\s+$//; + print "# found $index for '$what' id $id\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_INDEX; + eval(<<EOC); + if (defined(\$$index\{\$what\})) { + \$$index\{\$what\} .= "$;$docu_doc#$id"; + } else { + \$$index\{\$what\} = "$docu_doc#$id"; + } +EOC + # + # dirty hack to see if I can put an invisible anchor... + # + if ($html_element eq 'P' || + $html_element eq 'LI' || + $html_element eq 'DT' || + $html_element eq 'DD' || + $html_element eq 'ADDRESS' || + $html_element eq 'B' || + $html_element eq 'BLOCKQUOTE' || + $html_element eq 'PRE' || + $html_element eq 'SAMP') { + push(@lines, &anchor($id, '', $invisible_mark, !$in_pre)); + } elsif ($html_element eq 'body') { + push(@lines, &debug("<P>\n", __LINE__)); + push(@lines, &anchor($id, '', $invisible_mark, !$in_pre)); + &html_push('P'); + } elsif ($html_element eq 'DL' || + $html_element eq 'UL' || + $html_element eq 'OL' ) { + $deferred_ref .= &anchor($id, '', $invisible_mark, !$in_pre) . " "; + } + next; + } + # list item + if (/^\@itemx?\s+/) { + $what = $'; + $what =~ s/\s+$//; + if ($in_bibliography && $use_bibliography) { + if ($what =~ /^$BIBRE$/o) { + $id = 'BIB' . ++$bib_num; + $bib2href{$what} = "$docu_doc#$id"; + print "# found bibliography for '$what' id $id\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_BIB; + $what = &anchor($id, '', $what); + } + } elsif ($in_glossary && $use_glossary) { + $id = 'GLOSS' . ++$gloss_num; + $entry = $what; + $entry =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/ unless $entry =~ /^[A-Z\s]+$/; + $gloss2href{$entry} = "$docu_doc#$id"; + print "# found glossary for '$entry' id $id\n" + if $debug & $DEBUG_GLOSS; + $what = &anchor($id, '', $what); + } + &html_pop_if('P'); + if ($html_element eq 'DL' || $html_element eq 'DD') { + if ($things_map{$in_table} && !$what) { + # special case to allow @table @bullet for instance + push(@lines, &debug("<DT>$things_map{$in_table}\n", __LINE__)); + } else { + push(@lines, &debug("<DT>\@$in_table\{$what\}\n", __LINE__)); + } + push(@lines, "<DD>"); + &html_push('DD') unless $html_element eq 'DD'; + if ($table_type) { # add also an index + unshift(@input_spool, "\@${table_type}index $what\n"); + } + } else { + push(@lines, &debug("<LI>$what\n", __LINE__)); + &html_push('LI') unless $html_element eq 'LI'; + } + push(@lines, &html_debug("\n", __LINE__)); + if ($deferred_ref) { + push(@lines, &debug("$deferred_ref\n", __LINE__)); + $deferred_ref = ''; + } + next; + } + } + } + # paragraph separator + if ($_ eq "\n") { + next if $#lines >= 0 && $lines[$#lines] eq "\n"; + if ($html_element eq 'P') { + push(@lines, "\n"); + $_ = &debug("</P>\n", __LINE__); + &html_pop; + } + } elsif ($html_element eq 'body' || $html_element eq 'BLOCKQUOTE') { + push(@lines, "<P>\n"); + &html_push('P'); + $_ = &debug($_, __LINE__); + } + # otherwise + push(@lines, $_); +} + +# finish TOC +$level = 0; +while ($level < $curlevel) { + $curlevel--; + push(@toc_lines, "</UL>\n"); +} + +print "# end of pass 1\n" if $verbose; + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Pass 2/3: handle style, menu, index, cross-reference # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +@lines2 = (); # whole document (2nd pass) +@lines3 = (); # whole document (3rd pass) +$in_menu = 0; # am I inside a menu + +while (@lines) { + $_ = shift(@lines); + # + # special case (protected sections) + # + if (/^$PROTECTTAG/o) { + push(@lines2, $_); + next; + } + # + # menu + # + $in_menu = 1, push(@lines2, &debug("<UL>\n", __LINE__)), next if /^\@menu\b/; + $in_menu = 0, push(@lines2, &debug("</UL>\n", __LINE__)), next if /^\@end\s+menu\b/; + if ($in_menu) { + if (/^\*\s+($NODERE)::/o) { + $descr = $'; + chop($descr); + &menu_entry($1, $1, $descr); + } elsif (/^\*\s+(.+):\s+([^\t,\.\n]+)[\t,\.\n]/) { + $descr = $'; + chop($descr); + &menu_entry($1, $2, $descr); + } elsif (/^\*/) { + warn "$ERROR Bad menu line: $_"; + } else { # description continued? + push(@lines2, $_); + } + next; + } + # + # printindex + # + if (/^\@printindex\s+(\w\w)\b/) { + local($index, *ary, @keys, $key, $letter, $last_letter, @refs); + if ($predefined_index{$1}) { + $index = $predefined_index{$1} . 'index'; + } else { + $index = $1 . 'index'; + } + eval("*ary = *$index"); + @keys = keys(%ary); + foreach $key (@keys) { + $_ = $key; + 1 while s/<(\w+)>\`(.*)\'<\/\1>/$2/; # remove HTML tags with quotes + 1 while s/<(\w+)>(.*)<\/\1>/$2/; # remove HTML tags + $_ = &unprotect_html($_); + &unprotect_texi; + tr/A-Z/a-z/; # lowercase + $key2alpha{$key} = $_; + print "# index $key sorted as $_\n" + if $key ne $_ && $debug & $DEBUG_INDEX; + } + $last_letter = undef; + foreach $key (sort byalpha @keys) { + $letter = substr($key2alpha{$key}, 0, 1); + $letter = substr($key2alpha{$key}, 0, 2) if $letter eq $;; + if (!defined($last_letter) || $letter ne $last_letter) { + push(@lines2, "</DIR>\n") if defined($last_letter); + push(@lines2, "<H2>" . &protect_html($letter) . "</H2>\n"); + push(@lines2, "<DIR>\n"); + $last_letter = $letter; + } + @refs = (); + foreach (split(/$;/, $ary{$key})) { + push(@refs, &anchor('', $_, $key, 0)); + } + push(@lines2, "<LI>" . join(", ", @refs) . "\n"); + } + push(@lines2, "</DIR>\n") if defined($last_letter); + next; + } + # + # simple style substitutions + # + $_ = &substitute_style($_); + # + # xref + # + while (/\@(x|px|info|)ref{($XREFRE)(}?)/o) { + # note: Texinfo may accept other characters + ($type, $nodes, $full) = ($1, $2, $3); + ($before, $after) = ($`, $'); + if (! $full && $after) { + warn "$ERROR Bad xref (no ending } on line): $_"; + $_ = "$before$;0${type}ref\{$nodes$after"; + next; # while xref + } + if ($type eq 'x') { + $type = 'See '; + } elsif ($type eq 'px') { + $type = 'see '; + } elsif ($type eq 'info') { + $type = 'See Info'; + } else { + $type = ''; + } + unless ($full) { + $next = shift(@lines); + $next = &substitute_style($next); + chop($nodes); # remove final newline + if ($next =~ /\}/) { # split on 2 lines + $nodes .= " $`"; + $after = $'; + } else { + $nodes .= " $next"; + $next = shift(@lines); + $next = &substitute_style($next); + chop($nodes); + if ($next =~ /\}/) { # split on 3 lines + $nodes .= " $`"; + $after = $'; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Bad xref (no ending }): $_"; + $_ = "$before$;0xref\{$nodes$after"; + unshift(@lines, $next); + next; # while xref + } + } + } + $nodes =~ s/\s+/ /g; # remove useless spaces + @args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $nodes); + $node = $args[0]; # the node is always the first arg + &normalise_node($node); + $sec = $node2sec{$node}; + if (@args == 5) { # reference to another manual + $sec = $args[2] || $node; + $man = $args[4] || $args[3]; + $_ = "${before}${type}section `$sec' in \@cite{$man}$after"; + } elsif ($type =~ /Info/) { # inforef + warn "$ERROR Wrong number of arguments: $_" unless @args == 3; + ($nn, $_, $in) = @args; + $_ = "${before}${type} file `$in', node `$nn'$after"; + } elsif ($sec) { + $href = $node2href{$node}; + $_ = "${before}${type}section " . &anchor('', $href, $sec) . $after; + } else { + warn "$ERROR Undefined node ($node): $_"; + $_ = "$before$;0xref{$nodes}$after"; + } + } + # + # try to guess bibliography references or glossary terms + # + unless (/^<H\d><A NAME=\"SEC\d/) { + if ($use_bibliography) { + $done = ''; + while (/$BIBRE/o) { + ($pre, $what, $post) = ($`, $&, $'); + $href = $bib2href{$what}; + if (defined($href) && $post !~ /^[^<]*<\/A>/) { + $done .= $pre . &anchor('', $href, $what); + } else { + $done .= "$pre$what"; + } + $_ = $post; + } + $_ = $done . $_; + } + if ($use_glossary) { + $done = ''; + while (/\b\w+\b/) { + ($pre, $what, $post) = ($`, $&, $'); + $entry = $what; + $entry =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/ unless $entry =~ /^[A-Z\s]+$/; + $href = $gloss2href{$entry}; + if (defined($href) && $post !~ /^[^<]*<\/A>/) { + $done .= $pre . &anchor('', $href, $what); + } else { + $done .= "$pre$what"; + } + $_ = $post; + } + $_ = $done . $_; + } + } + # otherwise + push(@lines2, $_); +} +print "# end of pass 2\n" if $verbose; + +# +# split style substitutions +# +while (@lines2) { + $_ = shift(@lines2); + # + # special case (protected sections) + # + if (/^$PROTECTTAG/o) { + push(@lines3, $_); + next; + } + # + # split style substitutions + # + $old = ''; + while ($old ne $_) { + $old = $_; + if (/\@(\w+)\{/) { + ($before, $style, $after) = ($`, $1, $'); + if (defined($style_map{$style})) { + $_ = $after; + $text = ''; + $after = ''; + $failed = 1; + while (@lines2) { + if (/\}/) { + $text .= $`; + $after = $'; + $failed = 0; + last; + } else { + $text .= $_; + $_ = shift(@lines2); + } + } + if ($failed) { + die "* Bad syntax (\@$style) after: $before\n"; + } else { + $text = &apply_style($style, $text); + $_ = "$before$text$after"; + } + } + } + } + # otherwise + push(@lines3, $_); +} +print "# end of pass 3\n" if $verbose; + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Pass 4: foot notes, final cleanup # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +@foot_lines = (); # footnotes +@doc_lines = (); # final document +$end_of_para = 0; # true if last line is <P> + +while (@lines3) { + $_ = shift(@lines3); + # + # special case (protected sections) + # + if (/^$PROTECTTAG/o) { + push(@doc_lines, $_); + $end_of_para = 0; + next; + } + # + # footnotes + # + while (/\@footnote([^\{\s]+)\{/) { + ($before, $d, $after) = ($`, $1, $'); + $_ = $after; + $text = ''; + $after = ''; + $failed = 1; + while (@lines3) { + if (/\}/) { + $text .= $`; + $after = $'; + $failed = 0; + last; + } else { + $text .= $_; + $_ = shift(@lines3); + } + } + if ($failed) { + die "* Bad syntax (\@footnote) after: $before\n"; + } else { + $foot_num++; + $docid = "DOCF$foot_num"; + $footid = "FOOT$foot_num"; + $foot = "($foot_num)"; + push(@foot_lines, "<H3>" . &anchor($footid, "$d#$docid", $foot) . "</H3>\n"); + $text = "<P>$text" unless $text =~ /^\s*<P>/; + push(@foot_lines, "$text\n"); + $_ = $before . &anchor($docid, "$docu_foot#$footid", $foot) . $after; + } + } + # + # remove unnecessary <P> + # + if (/^\s*<P>\s*$/) { + next if $end_of_para++; + } else { + $end_of_para = 0; + } + # otherwise + push(@doc_lines, $_); +} +print "# end of pass 4\n" if $verbose; + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Pass 5: print things # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +$header = <<EOT; +<!-- This HTML file has been created by $THISPROG + from $docu on $TODAY --> +EOT + +$full_title = $value{'_title'} || $value{'_settitle'} || "Untitled Document"; +$title = $value{'_settitle'} || $full_title; +$_ = &substitute_style($full_title); +&unprotect_texi; +s/\n$//; # rmv last \n (if any) +$full_title = "<H1>" . join("</H1>\n<H1>", split(/\n/, $_)) . "</H1>\n"; + +# +# print ToC +# +if (!$monolithic && @toc_lines) { + if (open(FILE, "> $docu_toc")) { + print "# creating $docu_toc...\n" if $verbose; + &print_toplevel_header("$title - Table of Contents"); + &print_ruler; + &print(*toc_lines, FILE); + &print_toplevel_footer; + close(FILE); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Can't write to $docu_toc: $!\n"; + } +} + +# +# print footnotes +# +if (!$monolithic && @foot_lines) { + if (open(FILE, "> $docu_foot")) { + print "# creating $docu_foot...\n" if $verbose; + &print_toplevel_header("$title - Footnotes"); + &print_ruler; + &print(*foot_lines, FILE); + &print_toplevel_footer; + close(FILE); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Can't write to $docu_foot: $!\n"; + } +} + +# +# print document +# +if ($split_chapter || $split_node) { # split + $doc_num = 0; + $last_num = scalar(@sections); + $first_doc = &doc_name(1); + $last_doc = &doc_name($last_num); + while (@sections) { + $section = shift(@sections); + &next_doc; + if (open(FILE, "> $docu_doc")) { + print "# creating $docu_doc...\n" if $verbose; + &print_header("$title - $section"); + $prev_doc = ($doc_num == 1 ? undef : &doc_name($doc_num - 1)); + $next_doc = ($doc_num == $last_num ? undef : &doc_name($doc_num + 1)); + $navigation = "Go to the "; + $navigation .= ($prev_doc ? &anchor('', $first_doc, "first") : "first"); + $navigation .= ", "; + $navigation .= ($prev_doc ? &anchor('', $prev_doc, "previous") : "previous"); + $navigation .= ", "; + $navigation .= ($next_doc ? &anchor('', $next_doc, "next") : "next"); + $navigation .= ", "; + $navigation .= ($next_doc ? &anchor('', $last_doc, "last") : "last"); + $navigation .= " section, " . &anchor('', $docu_toc, "table of contents") . ".\n"; + print FILE $navigation; + &print_ruler; + # find corresponding lines + @tmp_lines = (); + while (@doc_lines) { + $_ = shift(@doc_lines); + last if ($_ eq $SPLITTAG); + push(@tmp_lines, $_); + } + &print(*tmp_lines, FILE); + &print_ruler; + print FILE $navigation; + &print_footer; + close(FILE); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Can't write to $docu_doc: $!\n"; + } + } +} else { # not split + if (open(FILE, "> $docu_doc")) { + print "# creating $docu_doc...\n" if $verbose; + if ($monolithic || !@toc_lines) { + &print_toplevel_header($title); + } else { + &print_header($title); + print FILE $full_title; + } + if ($monolithic && @toc_lines) { + &print_ruler; + print FILE "<H1>Table of Contents</H1>\n"; + &print(*toc_lines, FILE); + } + &print_ruler; + &print(*doc_lines, FILE); + if ($monolithic && @foot_lines) { + &print_ruler; + print FILE "<H1>Footnotes</H1>\n"; + &print(*foot_lines, FILE); + } + if ($monolithic || !@toc_lines) { + &print_toplevel_footer; + } else { + &print_footer; + } + close(FILE); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Can't write to $docu_doc: $!\n"; + } +} + +print "# that's all folks\n" if $verbose; + +#+++############################################################################ +# # +# Low level functions # +# # +#---############################################################################ + +sub update_sec_num { + local($name, $level) = @_; + + $level--; # here we start at 0 + if ($name =~ /^appendix/) { + # appendix style + if (defined(@appendix_sec_num)) { + &incr_sec_num($level, @appendix_sec_num); + } else { + @appendix_sec_num = ('A', 0, 0, 0); + } + return(join('.', @appendix_sec_num[0..$level])); + } else { + # normal style + if (defined(@normal_sec_num)) { + &incr_sec_num($level, @normal_sec_num); + } else { + @normal_sec_num = (1, 0, 0, 0); + } + return(join('.', @normal_sec_num[0..$level])); + } +} + +sub incr_sec_num { + local($level, $l); + $level = shift(@_); + $_[$level]++; + foreach $l ($level+1 .. 3) { + $_[$l] = 0; + } +} + +sub check { + local($_, %seen, %context, $before, $match, $after); + + while (<>) { + if (/\@(\*|\.|\:|\@|\{|\})/) { + $seen{$&}++; + $context{$&} .= "> $_" if $verbose; + $_ = "$`XX$'"; + redo; + } + if (/\@(\w+)/) { + ($before, $match, $after) = ($`, $&, $'); + if ($before =~ /\b[\w-]+$/ && $after =~ /^[\w-.]*\b/) { # e-mail address + $seen{'e-mail address'}++; + $context{'e-mail address'} .= "> $_" if $verbose; + } else { + $seen{$match}++; + $context{$match} .= "> $_" if $verbose; + } + $match =~ s/^\@/X/; + $_ = "$before$match$after"; + redo; + } + } + + foreach (sort(keys(%seen))) { + if ($verbose) { + print "$_\n"; + print $context{$_}; + } else { + print "$_ ($seen{$_})\n"; + } + } +} + +sub open { + local($name) = @_; + + ++$fh_name; + if (open($fh_name, $name)) { + unshift(@fhs, $fh_name); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Can't read file $name: $!\n"; + } +} + +sub init_input { + @fhs = (); # hold the file handles to read + @input_spool = (); # spooled lines to read + $fh_name = 'FH000'; + &open($docu); +} + +sub next_line { + local($fh, $line); + + if (@input_spool) { + $line = shift(@input_spool); + return($line); + } + while (@fhs) { + $fh = $fhs[0]; + $line = <$fh>; + return($line) if $line; + close($fh); + shift(@fhs); + } + return(undef); +} + +# used in pass 1, use &next_line +sub skip_until { + local($tag) = @_; + local($_); + + while ($_ = &next_line) { + return if /^\@end\s+$tag\s*$/; + } + die "* Failed to find '$tag' after: " . $lines[$#lines]; +} + +# +# HTML stacking to have a better HTML output +# + +sub html_reset { + @html_stack = ('html'); + $html_element = 'body'; +} + +sub html_push { + local($what) = @_; + push(@html_stack, $html_element); + $html_element = $what; +} + +sub html_push_if { + local($what) = @_; + push(@html_stack, $html_element) + if ($html_element && $html_element ne 'P'); + $html_element = $what; +} + +sub html_pop { + $html_element = pop(@html_stack); +} + +sub html_pop_if { + local($elt); + + if (@_) { + foreach $elt (@_) { + if ($elt eq $html_element) { + $html_element = pop(@html_stack) if @html_stack; + last; + } + } + } else { + $html_element = pop(@html_stack) if @html_stack; + } +} + +sub html_debug { + local($what, $line) = @_; + return("<!-- $line @html_stack, $html_element -->$what") + if $debug & $DEBUG_HTML; + return($what); +} + +# to debug the output... +sub debug { + local($what, $line) = @_; + return("<!-- $line -->$what") + if $debug & $DEBUG_HTML; + return($what); +} + +sub normalise_node { + $_[0] =~ s/\s+/ /g; + $_[0] =~ s/ $//; + $_[0] =~ s/^ //; +} + +sub menu_entry { + local($entry, $node, $descr) = @_; + local($href); + + &normalise_node($node); + $href = $node2href{$node}; + if ($href) { + $descr =~ s/^\s+//; + $descr = ": $descr" if $descr; + push(@lines2, "<LI>" . &anchor('', $href, $entry) . "$descr\n"); + } else { + warn "$ERROR Undefined node ($node): $_"; + } +} + +sub do_ctrl { "^$_[0]" } + +sub do_sc { "\U$_[0]\E" } + +sub apply_style { + local($texi_style, $text) = @_; + local($style); + + $style = $style_map{$texi_style}; + if (defined($style)) { # known style + if ($style =~ /^\"/) { # add quotes + $style = $'; + $text = "\`$text\'"; + } + if ($style =~ /^\&/) { # custom + $style = $'; + $text = &$style($text); + } elsif ($style) { # good style + $text = "<$style>$text</$style>"; + } else { # no style + } + } else { # unknown style + $text = undef; + } + return($text); +} + +# remove Texinfo styles +sub remove_style { + local($_) = @_; + s/\@\w+{([^\{\}]+)}/$1/g; + return($_); +} + +sub substitute_style { + local($_) = @_; + local($changed, $done, $style, $text); + + $changed = 1; + while ($changed) { + $changed = 0; + $done = ''; + while (/\@(\w+){([^\{\}]+)}/) { + $text = &apply_style($1, $2); + if ($text) { + $_ = "$`$text$'"; + $changed = 1; + } else { + $done .= "$`\@$1"; + $_ = "{$2}$'"; + } + } + $_ = $done . $_; + } + return($_); +} + +sub anchor { + local($name, $href, $text, $newline) = @_; + local($result); + + $result = "<A"; + $result .= " NAME=\"$name\"" if $name; + $result .= " HREF=\"$href\"" if $href; + $result .= ">$text</A>"; + $result .= "\n" if $newline; + return($result); +} + +sub pretty_date { + local(@MoY, $sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst); + + @MoY = ('January', 'Febuary', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', + 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December'); + ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime(time); + $year += ($year < 70) ? 2000 : 1900; + return("$mday $MoY[$mon] $year"); +} + +sub doc_name { + local($num) = @_; + + return("${docu_name}_$num.html"); +} + +sub next_doc { + $docu_doc = &doc_name(++$doc_num); +} + +sub print { + local(*lines, $fh) = @_; + local($_); + + while (@lines) { + $_ = shift(@lines); + if (/^$PROTECTTAG/o) { + $_ = $tag2pro{$_}; + } else { + &unprotect_texi; + } + print $fh $_; + } +} + +sub print_ruler { + print FILE "<P><HR><P>\n"; +} + +sub print_header { + local($_); + + # clean the title + $_ = &remove_style($_[0]); + &unprotect_texi; + # print the header + if ($doctype eq 'html2') { + print FILE $html2_doctype; + } elsif ($doctype) { + print FILE $doctype; + } + print FILE <<EOT; +<HTML> +<HEAD> +$header +<TITLE>$_</TITLE> +</HEAD> +<BODY> +EOT +} + +sub print_toplevel_header { + local($_); + + &print_header; # pass given arg... + print FILE $full_title; + if ($value{'_subtitle'}) { + $value{'_subtitle'} =~ s/\n+$//; + foreach (split(/\n/, $value{'_subtitle'})) { + $_ = &substitute_style($_); + &unprotect_texi; + print FILE "<H2>$_</H2>\n"; + } + } + if ($value{'_author'}) { + $value{'_author'} =~ s/\n+$//; + foreach (split(/\n/, $value{'_author'})) { + $_ = &substitute_style($_); + &unprotect_texi; + s/[\w.-]+\@[\w.-]+/<A HREF="mailto:$&">$&<\/A>/g; + print FILE "<ADDRESS>$_</ADDRESS>\n"; + } + } + print FILE "<P>\n"; +} + +sub print_footer { + print FILE <<EOT; +</BODY> +</HTML> +EOT +} + +sub print_toplevel_footer { + &print_ruler; + print FILE <<EOT; +This document was generated on $TODAY using the +<A HREF=\"$HOMEPAGE\">texi2html</A> +translator version 1.51.</P> +EOT + &print_footer; +} + +sub protect_texi { + # protect @ { } ` ' + s/\@\@/$;0/go; + s/\@\{/$;1/go; + s/\@\}/$;2/go; + s/\@\`/$;3/go; + s/\@\'/$;4/go; +} + +sub protect_html { + local($what) = @_; + # protect & < > + $what =~ s/\&/\&\#38;/g; + $what =~ s/\</\&\#60;/g; + $what =~ s/\>/\&\#62;/g; + # but recognize some HTML things + $what =~ s/\&\#60;\/A\&\#62;/<\/A>/g; # </A> + $what =~ s/\&\#60;A ([^\&]+)\&\#62;/<A $1>/g; # <A [^&]+> + $what =~ s/\&\#60;IMG ([^\&]+)\&\#62;/<IMG $1>/g; # <IMG [^&]+> + return($what); +} + +sub unprotect_texi { + s/$;0/\@/go; + s/$;1/\{/go; + s/$;2/\}/go; + s/$;3/\`/go; + s/$;4/\'/go; +} + +sub unprotect_html { + local($what) = @_; + $what =~ s/\&\#38;/\&/g; + $what =~ s/\&\#60;/\</g; + $what =~ s/\&\#62;/\>/g; + return($what); +} + +sub byalpha { + $key2alpha{$a} cmp $key2alpha{$b}; +} + +############################################################################## + + # These next few lines are legal in both Perl and nroff. + +.00 ; # finish .ig + +'di \" finish diversion--previous line must be blank +.nr nl 0-1 \" fake up transition to first page again +.nr % 0 \" start at page 1 +'; __END__ ############# From here on it's a standard manual page ############ +.TH TEXI2HTML 1 "09/10/96" +.AT 3 +.SH NAME +texi2html \- a Texinfo to HTML converter +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B texi2html [options] file +.PP +.B texi2html -check [-verbose] files +.SH DESCRIPTION +.I Texi2html +converts the given Texinfo file to a set of HTML files. It tries to handle +most of the Texinfo commands. It creates hypertext links for cross-references, +footnotes... +.PP +It also tries to add links from a reference to its corresponding entry in the +bibliography (if any). It may also handle a glossary (see the +.B \-glossary +option). +.PP +.I Texi2html +creates several files depending on the contents of the Texinfo file and on +the chosen options (see FILES). +.PP +The HTML files created by +.I texi2html +are closer to TeX than to Info, that's why +.I texi2html +converts @iftex sections and not @ifinfo ones by default. You can reverse +this with the \-expandinfo option. +.SH OPTIONS +.TP 12 +.B \-check +Check the given file and give the list of all things that may be Texinfo commands. +This may be used to check the output of +.I texi2html +to find the Texinfo commands that have been left in the HTML file. +.TP +.B \-expandinfo +Expand @ifinfo sections, not @iftex ones. +.TP +.B \-glossary +Use the section named 'Glossary' to build a list of terms and put links in the HTML +document from each term toward its definition. +.TP +.B \-invisible \fIname\fP +Use \fIname\fP to create invisible destination anchors for index links. This is a workaround +for a known bug of many WWW browsers, including xmosaic. +.TP +.B \-I \fIdir\fP +Look also in \fIdir\fP to find included files. +.TP +.B \-menu +Show the Texinfo menus; by default they are ignored. +.TP +.B \-monolithic +Output only one file, including the table of contents and footnotes. +.TP +.B \-number +Number the sections. +.TP +.B \-split_chapter +Split the output into several HTML files (one per main section: +chapter, appendix...). +.TP +.B \-split_node +Split the output into several HTML files (one per node). +.TP +.B \-usage +Print usage instructions, listing the current available command-line options. +.TP +.B \-verbose +Give a verbose output. Can be used with the +.B \-check +option. +.PP +.SH FILES +By default +.I texi2html +creates the following files (foo being the name of the Texinfo file): +.TP 16 +.B foo_toc.html +The table of contents. +.TP +.B foo.html +The document's contents. +.TP +.B foo_foot.html +The footnotes (if any). +.PP +When used with the +.B \-split +option, it creates several files (one per chapter or node), named +.B foo_n.html +(n being the indice of the chapter or node), instead of the single +.B foo.html +file. +.PP +When used with the +.B \-monolithic +option, it creates only one file: +.B foo.html +.SH VARIABLES +.I texi2html +predefines the following variables: \fBhtml\fP, \fBtexi2html\fP. +.SH ADDITIONAL COMMANDS +.I texi2html +implements the following non-Texinfo commands: +.TP 16 +.B @ifhtml +This indicates the start of an HTML section, this section will passed through +without any modofication. +.TP +.B @end ifhtml +This indcates the end of an HTML section. +.SH VERSION +This is \fItexi2html\fP version 1.51, 09/10/96. +.PP +The latest version of \fItexi2html\fP can be found in WWW, cf. URL +http://wwwcn.cern.ch/dci/texi2html/ +.SH AUTHOR +The main author is Lionel Cons, CERN CN/DCI/UWS, Lionel.Cons@cern.ch. +Many other people around the net contributed to this program. +.SH COPYRIGHT +This program is the intellectual property of the European +Laboratory for Particle Physics (known as CERN). No guarantee whatsoever is +provided by CERN. No liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss or damage +of any kind resulting from any defect or inaccuracy in this information or +code. +.PP +CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland +.SH "SEE ALSO" +GNU Texinfo Documentation Format, +HyperText Markup Language (HTML), +World Wide Web (WWW). +.SH BUGS +This program does not understand all Texinfo commands (yet). +.PP +TeX specific commands (normally enclosed in @iftex) will be +passed unmodified. +.ex |