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-<P> -This document describes the end user interface of the GNU Readline Library, -a utility which aids in the consistency of user interface across discrete -programs that need to provide a command line interface. - -</P> -<P> -Published by the Free Software Foundation <BR> -59 Temple Place, Suite 330, <BR> -Boston, MA 02111 USA - -</P> -<P> -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. - -</P> -<P> -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire -resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission -notice identical to this one. - -</P> -<P> -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, -except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved -by the Free Software Foundation. - -</P> -<P> -Copyright (C) 1988-1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - -</P> - - - -<H1><A NAME="SEC1" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC1">Command Line Editing</A></H1> - -<P> -This chapter describes the basic features of the GNU -command line editing interface. - -</P> - -<UL> -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC2">Introduction and Notation</A>: Notation used in this text. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3">Readline Interaction</A>: The minimum set of commands for editing a line. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9">Readline Init File</A>: Customizing Readline from a user's view. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13">Bindable Readline Commands</A>: A description of most of the Readline commands - available for binding -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22">Readline vi Mode</A>: A short description of how to make Readline - behave like the vi editor. -</UL> - - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC2" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC2">Introduction to Line Editing</A></H2> - -<P> -The following paragraphs describe the notation used to represent -keystrokes. - -</P> -<P> -The text <KBD>C-k</KBD> is read as `Control-K' and describes the character -produced when the <KBD>k</KBD> key is pressed while the Control key -is depressed. - -</P> -<P> -The text <KBD>M-k</KBD> is read as `Meta-K' and describes the character -produced when the Meta key (if you have one) is depressed, and the <KBD>k</KBD> -key is pressed. -The Meta key is labeled <KBD>ALT</KBD> on many keyboards. -On keyboards with two keys labeled <KBD>ALT</KBD> (usually to either side of -the space bar), the <KBD>ALT</KBD> on the left side is generally set to -work as a Meta key. -The <KBD>ALT</KBD> key on the right may also be configured to work as a -Meta key or may be configured as some other modifier, such as a -Compose key for typing accented characters. - -</P> -<P> -If you do not have a Meta or <KBD>ALT</KBD> key, or another key working as -a Meta key, the identical keystroke can be generated by typing <KBD>ESC</KBD> -<I>first</I>, and then typing <KBD>k</KBD>. -Either process is known as <EM>metafying</EM> the <KBD>k</KBD> key. - -</P> -<P> -The text <KBD>M-C-k</KBD> is read as `Meta-Control-k' and describes the -character produced by <EM>metafying</EM> <KBD>C-k</KBD>. - -</P> -<P> -In addition, several keys have their own names. Specifically, -<KBD>DEL</KBD>, <KBD>ESC</KBD>, <KBD>LFD</KBD>, <KBD>SPC</KBD>, <KBD>RET</KBD>, and <KBD>TAB</KBD> all -stand for themselves when seen in this text, or in an init file -(see section <A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9">Readline Init File</A>). -If your keyboard lacks a <KBD>LFD</KBD> key, typing <KBD>C-j</KBD> will -produce the desired character. -The <KBD>RET</KBD> key may be labeled <KBD>Return</KBD> or <KBD>Enter</KBD> on -some keyboards. - -</P> - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC3" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC3">Readline Interaction</A></H2> -<P> -<A NAME="IDX1"></A> - -</P> -<P> -Often during an interactive session you type in a long line of text, -only to notice that the first word on the line is misspelled. The -Readline library gives you a set of commands for manipulating the text -as you type it in, allowing you to just fix your typo, and not forcing -you to retype the majority of the line. Using these editing commands, -you move the cursor to the place that needs correction, and delete or -insert the text of the corrections. Then, when you are satisfied with -the line, you simply press <KBD>RETURN</KBD>. You do not have to be at the -end of the line to press <KBD>RETURN</KBD>; the entire line is accepted -regardless of the location of the cursor within the line. - -</P> - -<UL> -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC4">Readline Bare Essentials</A>: The least you need to know about Readline. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC5">Readline Movement Commands</A>: Moving about the input line. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC6">Readline Killing Commands</A>: How to delete text, and how to get it back! -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC7">Readline Arguments</A>: Giving numeric arguments to commands. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8">Searching</A>: Searching through previous lines. -</UL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC4" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC4">Readline Bare Essentials</A></H3> -<P> -<A NAME="IDX2"></A> -<A NAME="IDX3"></A> -<A NAME="IDX4"></A> - -</P> -<P> -In order to enter characters into the line, simply type them. The typed -character appears where the cursor was, and then the cursor moves one -space to the right. If you mistype a character, you can use your -erase character to back up and delete the mistyped character. - -</P> -<P> -Sometimes you may mistype a character, and -not notice the error until you have typed several other characters. In -that case, you can type <KBD>C-b</KBD> to move the cursor to the left, and then -correct your mistake. Afterwards, you can move the cursor to the right -with <KBD>C-f</KBD>. - -</P> -<P> -When you add text in the middle of a line, you will notice that characters -to the right of the cursor are `pushed over' to make room for the text -that you have inserted. Likewise, when you delete text behind the cursor, -characters to the right of the cursor are `pulled back' to fill in the -blank space created by the removal of the text. A list of the bare -essentials for editing the text of an input line follows. - -</P> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><KBD>C-b</KBD> -<DD> -Move back one character. -<DT><KBD>C-f</KBD> -<DD> -Move forward one character. -<DT><KBD>DEL</KBD> or <KBD>Backspace</KBD> -<DD> -Delete the character to the left of the cursor. -<DT><KBD>C-d</KBD> -<DD> -Delete the character underneath the cursor. -<DT>Printing characters -<DD> -Insert the character into the line at the cursor. -<DT><KBD>C-_</KBD> or <KBD>C-x C-u</KBD> -<DD> -Undo the last editing command. You can undo all the way back to an -empty line. -</DL> - -<P> -(Depending on your configuration, the <KBD>Backspace</KBD> key be set to -delete the character to the left of the cursor and the <KBD>DEL</KBD> key set -to delete the character underneath the cursor, like <KBD>C-d</KBD>, rather -than the character to the left of the cursor.) - -</P> - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC5" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC5">Readline Movement Commands</A></H3> - -<P> -The above table describes the most basic keystrokes that you need -in order to do editing of the input line. For your convenience, many -other commands have been added in addition to <KBD>C-b</KBD>, <KBD>C-f</KBD>, -<KBD>C-d</KBD>, and <KBD>DEL</KBD>. Here are some commands for moving more rapidly -about the line. - -</P> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><KBD>C-a</KBD> -<DD> -Move to the start of the line. -<DT><KBD>C-e</KBD> -<DD> -Move to the end of the line. -<DT><KBD>M-f</KBD> -<DD> -Move forward a word, where a word is composed of letters and digits. -<DT><KBD>M-b</KBD> -<DD> -Move backward a word. -<DT><KBD>C-l</KBD> -<DD> -Clear the screen, reprinting the current line at the top. -</DL> - -<P> -Notice how <KBD>C-f</KBD> moves forward a character, while <KBD>M-f</KBD> moves -forward a word. It is a loose convention that control keystrokes -operate on characters while meta keystrokes operate on words. - -</P> - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC6" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC6">Readline Killing Commands</A></H3> - -<P> -<A NAME="IDX5"></A> -<A NAME="IDX6"></A> - -</P> -<P> -<EM>Killing</EM> text means to delete the text from the line, but to save -it away for later use, usually by <EM>yanking</EM> (re-inserting) -it back into the line. -(`Cut' and `paste' are more recent jargon for `kill' and `yank'.) - -</P> -<P> -If the description for a command says that it `kills' text, then you can -be sure that you can get the text back in a different (or the same) -place later. - -</P> -<P> -When you use a kill command, the text is saved in a <EM>kill-ring</EM>. -Any number of consecutive kills save all of the killed text together, so -that when you yank it back, you get it all. The kill -ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously -typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing -another line. -<A NAME="IDX7"></A> - -</P> -<P> -Here is the list of commands for killing text. - -</P> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><KBD>C-k</KBD> -<DD> -Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line. - -<DT><KBD>M-d</KBD> -<DD> -Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or, if between -words, to the end of the next word. -Word boundaries are the same as those used by <KBD>M-f</KBD>. - -<DT><KBD>M-DEL</KBD> -<DD> -Kill from the cursor the start of the previous word, or, if between -words, to the start of the previous word. -Word boundaries are the same as those used by <KBD>M-b</KBD>. - -<DT><KBD>C-w</KBD> -<DD> -Kill from the cursor to the previous whitespace. This is different than -<KBD>M-DEL</KBD> because the word boundaries differ. - -</DL> - -<P> -Here is how to <EM>yank</EM> the text back into the line. Yanking -means to copy the most-recently-killed text from the kill buffer. - -</P> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><KBD>C-y</KBD> -<DD> -Yank the most recently killed text back into the buffer at the cursor. - -<DT><KBD>M-y</KBD> -<DD> -Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if -the prior command is <KBD>C-y</KBD> or <KBD>M-y</KBD>. -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC7" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC7">Readline Arguments</A></H3> - -<P> -You can pass numeric arguments to Readline commands. Sometimes the -argument acts as a repeat count, other times it is the <I>sign</I> of the -argument that is significant. If you pass a negative argument to a -command which normally acts in a forward direction, that command will -act in a backward direction. For example, to kill text back to the -start of the line, you might type <SAMP>`M-- C-k'</SAMP>. - -</P> -<P> -The general way to pass numeric arguments to a command is to type meta -digits before the command. If the first `digit' typed is a minus -sign (<SAMP>`-'</SAMP>), then the sign of the argument will be negative. Once -you have typed one meta digit to get the argument started, you can type -the remainder of the digits, and then the command. For example, to give -the <KBD>C-d</KBD> command an argument of 10, you could type <SAMP>`M-1 0 C-d'</SAMP>. - -</P> - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC8" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC8">Searching for Commands in the History</A></H3> - -<P> -Readline provides commands for searching through the command history -for lines containing a specified string. -There are two search modes: <VAR>incremental</VAR> and <VAR>non-incremental</VAR>. - -</P> -<P> -Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the -search string. -As each character of the search string is typed, Readline displays -the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far. -An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to -find the desired history entry. -To search backward in the history for a particular string, type -<KBD>C-r</KBD>. Typing <KBD>C-s</KBD> searches forward through the history. -The characters present in the value of the <CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE> variable -are used to terminate an incremental search. -If that variable has not been assigned a value, the <KBD>ESC</KBD> and -<KBD>C-J</KBD> characters will terminate an incremental search. -<KBD>C-g</KBD> will abort an incremental search and restore the original line. -When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the -search string becomes the current line. - -</P> -<P> -To find other matching entries in the history list, type <KBD>C-r</KBD> or -<KBD>C-s</KBD> as appropriate. -This will search backward or forward in the history for the next -entry matching the search string typed so far. -Any other key sequence bound to a Readline command will terminate -the search and execute that command. -For instance, a <KBD>RET</KBD> will terminate the search and accept -the line, thereby executing the command from the history list. - -</P> -<P> -Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting -to search for matching history lines. The search string may be -typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line. - -</P> - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC9" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC9">Readline Init File</A></H2> -<P> -<A NAME="IDX8"></A> - -</P> -<P> -Although the Readline library comes with a set of Emacs-like -keybindings installed by default, it is possible to use a different set -of keybindings. -Any user can customize programs that use Readline by putting -commands in an <EM>inputrc</EM> file, conventionally in his home directory. -The name of this -file is taken from the value of the environment variable <CODE>INPUTRC</CODE>. If -that variable is unset, the default is <TT>`~/.inputrc'</TT>. - -</P> -<P> -When a program which uses the Readline library starts up, the -init file is read, and the key bindings are set. - -</P> -<P> -In addition, the <CODE>C-x C-r</CODE> command re-reads this init file, thus -incorporating any changes that you might have made to it. - -</P> - -<UL> -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC10">Readline Init File Syntax</A>: Syntax for the commands in the inputrc file. - -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11">Conditional Init Constructs</A>: Conditional key bindings in the inputrc file. - -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC12">Sample Init File</A>: An example inputrc file. -</UL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC10" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC10">Readline Init File Syntax</A></H3> - -<P> -There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the -Readline init file. Blank lines are ignored. -Lines beginning with a <SAMP>`#'</SAMP> are comments. -Lines beginning with a <SAMP>`$'</SAMP> indicate conditional -constructs (see section <A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11">Conditional Init Constructs</A>). Other lines -denote variable settings and key bindings. - -</P> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT>Variable Settings -<DD> -You can modify the run-time behavior of Readline by -altering the values of variables in Readline -using the <CODE>set</CODE> command within the init file. Here is how to -change from the default Emacs-like key binding to use -<CODE>vi</CODE> line editing commands: - - -<PRE> -set editing-mode vi -</PRE> - -A great deal of run-time behavior is changeable with the following -variables. - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>bell-style</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX9"></A> -Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell. -If set to <SAMP>`none'</SAMP>, Readline never rings the bell. If set to -<SAMP>`visible'</SAMP>, Readline uses a visible bell if one is available. -If set to <SAMP>`audible'</SAMP> (the default), Readline attempts to ring -the terminal's bell. - -<DT><CODE>comment-begin</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX10"></A> -The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the -<CODE>insert-comment</CODE> command is executed. The default value -is <CODE>"#"</CODE>. - -<DT><CODE>completion-ignore-case</CODE> -<DD> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline performs filename matching and completion -in a case-insensitive fashion. -The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX11"></A> -The number of possible completions that determines when the user is -asked whether he wants to see the list of possibilities. If the -number of possible completions is greater than this value, -Readline will ask the user whether or not he wishes to view -them; otherwise, they are simply listed. The default limit is -<CODE>100</CODE>. - -<DT><CODE>convert-meta</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX12"></A> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will convert characters with the -eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth -bit and prefixing an <KBD>ESC</KBD> character, converting them to a -meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>disable-completion</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX13"></A> -If set to <SAMP>`On'</SAMP>, Readline will inhibit word completion. -Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had -been mapped to <CODE>self-insert</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>editing-mode</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX14"></A> -The <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable controls which default set of -key bindings is used. By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing -mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs. This variable can be -set to either <SAMP>`emacs'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`vi'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX15"></A> -When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable the application -keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the -arrow keys. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX16"></A> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, tilde expansion is performed when Readline -attempts word completion. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX17"></A> -This variable can be set to either <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. Setting it -to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll -horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width -of the screen, instead of wrapping onto a new screen line. By default, -this variable is set to <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>input-meta</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX18"></A> -<A NAME="IDX19"></A> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it -will not strip the eighth bit from the characters it reads), -regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The -default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. The name <CODE>meta-flag</CODE> is a -synonym for this variable. - -<DT><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX20"></A> -The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without -subsequently executing the character as a command (see section <A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8">Searching for Commands in the History</A>). -If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and -<KBD>C-J</KBD> will terminate an incremental search. - -<DT><CODE>keymap</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX21"></A> -Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands. -Acceptable <CODE>keymap</CODE> names are -<CODE>emacs</CODE>, -<CODE>emacs-standard</CODE>, -<CODE>emacs-meta</CODE>, -<CODE>emacs-ctlx</CODE>, -<CODE>vi</CODE>, -<CODE>vi-command</CODE>, and -<CODE>vi-insert</CODE>. -<CODE>vi</CODE> is equivalent to <CODE>vi-command</CODE>; <CODE>emacs</CODE> is -equivalent to <CODE>emacs-standard</CODE>. The default value is <CODE>emacs</CODE>. -The value of the <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable also affects the -default keymap. - -<DT><CODE>mark-directories</CODE> -<DD> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed directory names have a slash -appended. The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX22"></A> -This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to display an -asterisk (<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>) at the start of history lines which have been modified. -This variable is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP> by default. - -<DT><CODE>output-meta</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX23"></A> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display characters with the -eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape -sequence. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>print-completions-horizontally</CODE> -<DD> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display completions with matches -sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen. -The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX24"></A> -This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If -set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, -words which have more than one possible completion cause the -matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. -The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>visible-stats</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX25"></A> -If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, a character denoting a file's type -is appended to the filename when listing possible -completions. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. - -</DL> - -<DT>Key Bindings -<DD> -The syntax for controlling key bindings in the init file is -simple. First you need to find the name of the command that you -want to change. The following sections contain tables of the command -name, the default keybinding, if any, and a short description of what -the command does. - -Once you know the name of the command, simply place the name of the key -you wish to bind the command to, a colon, and then the name of the -command on a line in the init file. The name of the key -can be expressed in different ways, depending on which is most -comfortable for you. - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><VAR>keyname</VAR>: <VAR>function-name</VAR> or <VAR>macro</VAR> -<DD> -<VAR>keyname</VAR> is the name of a key spelled out in English. For example: - -<PRE> -Control-u: universal-argument -Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word -Control-o: "> output" -</PRE> - -In the above example, <KBD>C-u</KBD> is bound to the function -<CODE>universal-argument</CODE>, and <KBD>C-o</KBD> is bound to run the macro -expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text -<SAMP>`> output'</SAMP> into the line). - -<DT>"<VAR>keyseq</VAR>": <VAR>function-name</VAR> or <VAR>macro</VAR> -<DD> -<VAR>keyseq</VAR> differs from <VAR>keyname</VAR> above in that strings -denoting an entire key sequence can be specified, by placing -the key sequence in double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key -escapes can be used, as in the following example, but the -special character names are not recognized. - - -<PRE> -"\C-u": universal-argument -"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file -"\e[11~": "Function Key 1" -</PRE> - -In the above example, <KBD>C-u</KBD> is bound to the function -<CODE>universal-argument</CODE> (just as it was in the first example), -<SAMP>`<KBD>C-x</KBD> <KBD>C-r</KBD>'</SAMP> is bound to the function <CODE>re-read-init-file</CODE>, -and <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> <KBD>[</KBD> <KBD>1</KBD> <KBD>1</KBD> <KBD>~</KBD>'</SAMP> is bound to insert -the text <SAMP>`Function Key 1'</SAMP>. - -</DL> - -The following GNU Emacs style escape sequences are available when -specifying key sequences: - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE><KBD>\C-</KBD></CODE> -<DD> -control prefix -<DT><CODE><KBD>\M-</KBD></CODE> -<DD> -meta prefix -<DT><CODE><KBD>\e</KBD></CODE> -<DD> -an escape character -<DT><CODE><KBD>\\</KBD></CODE> -<DD> -backslash -<DT><CODE><KBD>\"</KBD></CODE> -<DD> -<KBD>"</KBD>, a double quotation mark -<DT><CODE><KBD>\'</KBD></CODE> -<DD> -<KBD>'</KBD>, a single quote or apostrophe -</DL> - -In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second -set of backslash escapes is available: - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>\a</CODE> -<DD> -alert (bell) -<DT><CODE>\b</CODE> -<DD> -backspace -<DT><CODE>\d</CODE> -<DD> -delete -<DT><CODE>\f</CODE> -<DD> -form feed -<DT><CODE>\n</CODE> -<DD> -newline -<DT><CODE>\r</CODE> -<DD> -carriage return -<DT><CODE>\t</CODE> -<DD> -horizontal tab -<DT><CODE>\v</CODE> -<DD> -vertical tab -<DT><CODE>\<VAR>nnn</VAR></CODE> -<DD> -the character whose <CODE>ASCII</CODE> code is the octal value <VAR>nnn</VAR> -(one to three digits) -<DT><CODE>\x<VAR>nnn</VAR></CODE> -<DD> -the character whose <CODE>ASCII</CODE> code is the hexadecimal value <VAR>nnn</VAR> -(one to three digits) -</DL> - -When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must -be used to indicate a macro definition. -Unquoted text is assumed to be a function name. -In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded. -Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text, -including <SAMP>`"'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`''</SAMP>. -For example, the following binding will make <SAMP>`C-x \'</SAMP> -insert a single <SAMP>`\'</SAMP> into the line: - -<PRE> -"\C-x\\": "\\" -</PRE> - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC11" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC11">Conditional Init Constructs</A></H3> - -<P> -Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional -compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key -bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result -of tests. There are four parser directives used. - -</P> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>$if</CODE> -<DD> -The <CODE>$if</CODE> construct allows bindings to be made based on the -editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using -Readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line; -no characters are required to isolate it. - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>mode</CODE> -<DD> -The <CODE>mode=</CODE> form of the <CODE>$if</CODE> directive is used to test -whether Readline is in <CODE>emacs</CODE> or <CODE>vi</CODE> mode. -This may be used in conjunction -with the <SAMP>`set keymap'</SAMP> command, for instance, to set bindings in -the <CODE>emacs-standard</CODE> and <CODE>emacs-ctlx</CODE> keymaps only if -Readline is starting out in <CODE>emacs</CODE> mode. - -<DT><CODE>term</CODE> -<DD> -The <CODE>term=</CODE> form may be used to include terminal-specific -key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by the -terminal's function keys. The word on the right side of the -<SAMP>`='</SAMP> is tested against both the full name of the terminal and -the portion of the terminal name before the first <SAMP>`-'</SAMP>. This -allows <CODE>sun</CODE> to match both <CODE>sun</CODE> and <CODE>sun-cmd</CODE>, -for instance. - -<DT><CODE>application</CODE> -<DD> -The <VAR>application</VAR> construct is used to include -application-specific settings. Each program using the Readline -library sets the <VAR>application name</VAR>, and you can test for it. -This could be used to bind key sequences to functions useful for -a specific program. For instance, the following command adds a -key sequence that quotes the current or previous word in Bash: - -<PRE> -$if Bash -# Quote the current or previous word -"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" -$endif -</PRE> - -</DL> - -<DT><CODE>$endif</CODE> -<DD> -This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an -<CODE>$if</CODE> command. - -<DT><CODE>$else</CODE> -<DD> -Commands in this branch of the <CODE>$if</CODE> directive are executed if -the test fails. - -<DT><CODE>$include</CODE> -<DD> -This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads commands -and bindings from that file. - -<PRE> -$include /etc/inputrc -</PRE> - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC12" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC12">Sample Init File</A></H3> - -<P> -Here is an example of an inputrc file. This illustrates key -binding, variable assignment, and conditional syntax. - -</P> - -<PRE> -# This file controls the behaviour of line input editing for -# programs that use the Gnu Readline library. Existing programs -# include FTP, Bash, and Gdb. -# -# You can re-read the inputrc file with C-x C-r. -# Lines beginning with '#' are comments. -# -# First, include any systemwide bindings and variable assignments from -# /etc/Inputrc -$include /etc/Inputrc - -# -# Set various bindings for emacs mode. - -set editing-mode emacs - -$if mode=emacs - -Meta-Control-h: backward-kill-word Text after the function name is ignored - -# -# Arrow keys in keypad mode -# -#"\M-OD": backward-char -#"\M-OC": forward-char -#"\M-OA": previous-history -#"\M-OB": next-history -# -# Arrow keys in ANSI mode -# -"\M-[D": backward-char -"\M-[C": forward-char -"\M-[A": previous-history -"\M-[B": next-history -# -# Arrow keys in 8 bit keypad mode -# -#"\M-\C-OD": backward-char -#"\M-\C-OC": forward-char -#"\M-\C-OA": previous-history -#"\M-\C-OB": next-history -# -# Arrow keys in 8 bit ANSI mode -# -#"\M-\C-[D": backward-char -#"\M-\C-[C": forward-char -#"\M-\C-[A": previous-history -#"\M-\C-[B": next-history - -C-q: quoted-insert - -$endif - -# An old-style binding. This happens to be the default. -TAB: complete - -# Macros that are convenient for shell interaction -$if Bash -# edit the path -"\C-xp": "PATH=${PATH}\e\C-e\C-a\ef\C-f" -# prepare to type a quoted word -- insert open and close double quotes -# and move to just after the open quote -"\C-x\"": "\"\"\C-b" -# insert a backslash (testing backslash escapes in sequences and macros) -"\C-x\\": "\\" -# Quote the current or previous word -"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" -# Add a binding to refresh the line, which is unbound -"\C-xr": redraw-current-line -# Edit variable on current line. -"\M-\C-v": "\C-a\C-k$\C-y\M-\C-e\C-a\C-y=" -$endif - -# use a visible bell if one is available -set bell-style visible - -# don't strip characters to 7 bits when reading -set input-meta on - -# allow iso-latin1 characters to be inserted rather than converted to -# prefix-meta sequences -set convert-meta off - -# display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than -# as meta-prefixed characters -set output-meta on - -# if there are more than 150 possible completions for a word, ask the -# user if he wants to see all of them -set completion-query-items 150 - -# For FTP -$if Ftp -"\C-xg": "get \M-?" -"\C-xt": "put \M-?" -"\M-.": yank-last-arg -$endif -</PRE> - - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC13" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC13">Bindable Readline Commands</A></H2> - - -<UL> -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC14">Commands For Moving</A>: Moving about the line. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC15">Commands For History</A>: Getting at previous lines. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC16">Commands For Text</A>: Commands for changing text. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC17">Commands For Killing</A>: Commands for killing and yanking. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC18">Numeric Arguments</A>: Specifying numeric arguments, repeat counts. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC19">Commands For Completion</A>: Getting Readline to do the typing for you. -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC20">Keyboard Macros</A>: Saving and re-executing typed characters -<LI><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC21">Miscellaneous Commands</A>: Other miscellaneous commands. -</UL> - -<P> -This section describes Readline commands that may be bound to key -sequences. - -</P> -<P> -Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default. -In the following descriptions, <VAR>point</VAR> refers to the current cursor -position, and <VAR>mark</VAR> refers to a cursor position saved by the -<CODE>set-mark</CODE> command. -The text between the point and mark is referred to as the <VAR>region</VAR>. - -</P> - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC14" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC14">Commands For Moving</A></H3> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX26"></A> -Move to the start of the current line. - -<DT><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX27"></A> -Move to the end of the line. - -<DT><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX28"></A> -Move forward a character. - -<DT><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX29"></A> -Move back a character. - -<DT><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX30"></A> -Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of -letters and digits. - -<DT><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX31"></A> -Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words are -composed of letters and digits. - -<DT><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX32"></A> -Clear the screen and redraw the current line, -leaving the current line at the top of the screen. - -<DT><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX33"></A> -Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound. - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC15" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC15">Commands For Manipulating The History</A></H3> - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>accept-line (Newline, Return)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX34"></A> -Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is -non-empty, add it to the history list. If this line was a history -line, then restore the history line to its original state. - -<DT><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX35"></A> -Move `up' through the history list. - -<DT><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX36"></A> -Move `down' through the history list. - -<DT><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-<)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX37"></A> -Move to the first line in the history. - -<DT><CODE>end-of-history (M->)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX38"></A> -Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently -being entered. - -<DT><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX39"></A> -Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through -the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. - -<DT><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX40"></A> -Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through -the the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. - -<DT><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX41"></A> -Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' -through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search -for a string supplied by the user. - -<DT><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX42"></A> -Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' -through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search -for a string supplied by the user. - -<DT><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX43"></A> -Search forward through the history for the string of characters -between the start of the current line and the point. -This is a non-incremental search. -By default, this command is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX44"></A> -Search backward through the history for the string of characters -between the start of the current line and the point. This -is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX45"></A> -Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually -the second word on the previous line). With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>, -insert the <VAR>n</VAR>th word from the previous command (the words -in the previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument -inserts the <VAR>n</VAR>th word from the end of the previous command. - -<DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-., M-_)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX46"></A> -Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the -previous history entry). With an -argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>. -Successive calls to <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE> move back through the history -list, inserting the last argument of each line in turn. - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC16" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC16">Commands For Changing Text</A></H3> - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX47"></A> -Delete the character under the cursor. If the cursor is at the -beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and -the last character typed was not bound to <CODE>delete-char</CODE>, then -return <CODE>EOF</CODE>. - -<DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX48"></A> -Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means -to kill the characters instead of deleting them. - -<DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX49"></A> -Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the -end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is -deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key. - -<DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q, C-v)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX50"></A> -Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is -how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example. - -<DT><CODE>tab-insert (M-TAB)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX51"></A> -Insert a tab character. - -<DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX52"></A> -Insert yourself. - -<DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX53"></A> -Drag the character before the cursor forward over -the character at the cursor, moving the -cursor forward as well. If the insertion point -is at the end of the line, then this -transposes the last two characters of the line. -Negative arguments have no effect. - -<DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX54"></A> -Drag the word before point past the word after point, -moving point past that word as well. - -<DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX55"></A> -Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, -uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. - -<DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX56"></A> -Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, -lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. - -<DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX57"></A> -Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, -capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor. - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC17" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC17">Killing And Yanking</A></H3> - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX58"></A> -Kill the text from point to the end of the line. - -<DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX59"></A> -Kill backward to the beginning of the line. - -<DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX60"></A> -Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. - -<DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX61"></A> -Kill all characters on the current line, no matter point is. -By default, this is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX62"></A> -Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between -words, to the end of the next word. -Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>. - -<DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-DEL)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX63"></A> -Kill the word behind point. -Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>. - -<DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX64"></A> -Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary. -The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. - -<DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX65"></A> -Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX66"></A> -Kill the text in the current region. -By default, this command is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX67"></A> -Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked -right away. By default, this command is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX68"></A> -Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. -The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>. -By default, this command is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX69"></A> -Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. -The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>. -By default, this command is unbound. - -<DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX70"></A> -Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at the current -cursor position. - -<DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX71"></A> -Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if -the prior command is yank or yank-pop. -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC18" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC18">Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></H3> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX72"></A> -Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new -argument. <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument. - -<DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX73"></A> -This is another way to specify an argument. -If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a -leading minus sign, those digits define the argument. -If the command is followed by digits, executing <CODE>universal-argument</CODE> -again ends the numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. -As a special case, if this command is immediately followed by a -character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count -for the next command is multiplied by four. -The argument count is initially one, so executing this function the -first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the -argument count sixteen, and so on. -By default, this is not bound to a key. -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC19" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC19">Letting Readline Type For You</A></H3> - -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>complete (TAB)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX74"></A> -Attempt to do completion on the text before the cursor. This is -application-specific. Generally, if you are typing a filename -argument, you can do filename completion; if you are typing a command, -you can do command completion; if you are typing in a symbol to GDB, you -can do symbol name completion; if you are typing in a variable to Bash, -you can do variable name completion, and so on. - -<DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX75"></A> -List the possible completions of the text before the cursor. - -<DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX76"></A> -Insert all completions of the text before point that would have -been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>. - -<DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX77"></A> -Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed -with a single match from the list of possible completions. -Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list -of possible completions, inserting each match in turn. -At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung and the -original text is restored. -An argument of <VAR>n</VAR> moves <VAR>n</VAR> positions forward in the list -of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward -through the list. -This command is intended to be bound to <CODE>TAB</CODE>, but is unbound -by default. - -<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX78"></A> -Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or -end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>). -If at the end of the line, behaves identically to -<CODE>possible-completions</CODE>. -This command is unbound by default. - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC20" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC20">Keyboard Macros</A></H3> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX79"></A> -Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro. - -<DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX80"></A> -Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro -and save the definition. - -<DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX81"></A> -Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters -in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. - -</DL> - - - -<H3><A NAME="SEC21" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC21">Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></H3> -<DL COMPACT> - -<DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX82"></A> -Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate -any bindings or variable assignments found there. - -<DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX83"></A> -Abort the current editing command and -ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of -<CODE>bell-style</CODE>). - -<DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, ...)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX84"></A> -If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command -that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character. - -<DT><CODE>prefix-meta (ESC)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX85"></A> -Make the next character typed be metafied. This is for keyboards -without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`ESC f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing -<SAMP>`M-f'</SAMP>. - -<DT><CODE>undo (C-_, C-x C-u)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX86"></A> -Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. - -<DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX87"></A> -Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE> -command enough times to get back to the beginning. - -<DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-~)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX88"></A> -Perform tilde expansion on the current word. - -<DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX89"></A> -Set the mark to the current point. If a -numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position. - -<DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX90"></A> -Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to -the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark. - -<DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX91"></A> -A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that -character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences. - -<DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX92"></A> -A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence -of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent -occurrences. - -<DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX93"></A> -The value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE> -variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line, -and the line is accepted as if a newline had been typed. - -<DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX94"></A> -Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the -Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, -the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part -of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. - -<DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX95"></A> -Print all of the settable variables and their values to the -Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, -the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part -of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. - -<DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE> -<DD> -<A NAME="IDX96"></A> -Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the -strings they ouput. If a numeric argument is supplied, -the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part -of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. - -</DL> - - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC22" HREF="rluserman.html#TOC22">Readline vi Mode</A></H2> - -<P> -While the Readline library does not have a full set of <CODE>vi</CODE> -editing functions, it does contain enough to allow simple editing -of the line. The Readline <CODE>vi</CODE> mode behaves as specified in -the POSIX 1003.2 standard. - -</P> -<P> -In order to switch interactively between <CODE>emacs</CODE> and <CODE>vi</CODE> -editing modes, use the command M-C-j (toggle-editing-mode). -The Readline default is <CODE>emacs</CODE> mode. - -</P> -<P> -When you enter a line in <CODE>vi</CODE> mode, you are already placed in -`insertion' mode, as if you had typed an <SAMP>`i'</SAMP>. Pressing <KBD>ESC</KBD> -switches you into `command' mode, where you can edit the text of the -line with the standard <CODE>vi</CODE> movement keys, move to previous -history lines with <SAMP>`k'</SAMP> and subsequent lines with <SAMP>`j'</SAMP>, and -so forth. - -</P> - -<P><HR><P> -This document was generated on 1 March 2000 using the -<A HREF="http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/dis/texi2html/">texi2html</A> -translator version 1.52.</P> -</BODY> -</HTML> |