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Diffstat (limited to 'readline/doc/readline.0')
| -rw-r--r-- | readline/doc/readline.0 | 837 |
1 files changed, 323 insertions, 514 deletions
diff --git a/readline/doc/readline.0 b/readline/doc/readline.0 index 8d453cd..87beeac 100644 --- a/readline/doc/readline.0 +++ b/readline/doc/readline.0 @@ -1,93 +1,84 @@ - - - READLINE(3) READLINE(3) + NNAAMMEE readline - get a line from a user with editing SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS ##iinncclluuddee <<ssttddiioo..hh>> - ##iinncclluuddee <<rreeaaddlliinnee..hh>> - ##iinncclluuddee <<hhiissttoorryy..hh>> + ##iinncclluuddee <<rreeaaddlliinnee//rreeaaddlliinnee..hh>> + ##iinncclluuddee <<rreeaaddlliinnee//hhiissttoorryy..hh>> - cchhaarr **rreeaaddlliinnee ((pprroommpptt)) - cchhaarr **pprroommpptt;; + _c_h_a_r _* + rreeaaddlliinnee (_c_o_n_s_t _c_h_a_r _*_p_r_o_m_p_t); CCOOPPYYRRIIGGHHTT - Readline is Copyright (C) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996 by - the Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Readline is Copyright (C) 1989-2002 by the Free Software + Foundation, Inc. DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN rreeaaddlliinnee will read a line from the terminal and return it, - using pprroommpptt as a prompt. If pprroommpptt is null, no prompt is - issued. The line returned is allocated with _m_a_l_l_o_c(3), so - the caller must free it when finished. The line returned - has the final newline removed, so only the text of the - line remains. + using pprroommpptt as a prompt. If pprroommpptt is NNUULLLL or the empty + string, no prompt is issued. The line returned is allo- + cated with _m_a_l_l_o_c(3); the caller must free it when fin- + ished. The line returned has the final newline removed, + so only the text of the line remains. rreeaaddlliinnee offers editing capabilities while the user is entering the line. By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs. A vi-style line editing interface is also available. + This manual page describes only the most basic use of + rreeaaddlliinnee. Much more functionality is available; see _T_h_e + _G_N_U _R_e_a_d_l_i_n_e _L_i_b_r_a_r_y and _T_h_e _G_N_U _H_i_s_t_o_r_y _L_i_b_r_a_r_y for addi- + tional information. + RREETTUURRNN VVAALLUUEE - rreeaaddlliinnee returns the text of the line read. A blank line - returns the empty string. If EEOOFF is encountered while - reading a line, and the line is empty, NNUULLLL is returned. - If an EEOOFF is read with a non-empty line, it is treated as + rreeaaddlliinnee returns the text of the line read. A blank line + returns the empty string. If EEOOFF is encountered while + reading a line, and the line is empty, NNUULLLL is returned. + If an EEOOFF is read with a non-empty line, it is treated as a newline. NNOOTTAATTIIOONN - An emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes. - Control keys are denoted by C-_k_e_y, e.g., C-n means Con- + An emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes. + Control keys are denoted by C-_k_e_y, e.g., C-n means Con- trol-N. Similarly, _m_e_t_a keys are denoted by M-_k_e_y, so M-x means Meta-X. (On keyboards without a _m_e_t_a key, M-_x means - ESC _x, i.e., press the Escape key then the _x key. This - makes ESC the _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x. The combination M-C-_x means - ESC-Control-_x, or press the Escape key then hold the Con- + ESC _x, i.e., press the Escape key then the _x key. This + makes ESC the _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x. The combination M-C-_x means + ESC-Control-_x, or press the Escape key then hold the Con- trol key while pressing the _x key.) - Readline commands may be given numeric _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s, which + Readline commands may be given numeric _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s, which normally act as a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is - the sign of the argument that is significant. Passing a - negative argument to a command that acts in the forward - direction (e.g., kkiillll--lliinnee) causes that command to act in - a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with argu- + the sign of the argument that is significant. Passing a + negative argument to a command that acts in the forward + direction (e.g., kkiillll--lliinnee) causes that command to act in + a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with argu- ments deviates from this are noted. - When a command is described as _k_i_l_l_i_n_g text, the text - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 1 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - - deleted is saved for possible future retrieval (_y_a_n_k_i_n_g). - The killed text is saved in a _k_i_l_l _r_i_n_g. Consecutive - kills cause the text to be accumulated into one unit, - which can be yanked all at once. Commands which do not + When a command is described as _k_i_l_l_i_n_g text, the text + deleted is saved for possible future retrieval (_y_a_n_k_i_n_g). + The killed text is saved in a _k_i_l_l _r_i_n_g. Consecutive + kills cause the text to be accumulated into one unit, + which can be yanked all at once. Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text on the kill ring. IINNIITTIIAALLIIZZAATTIIOONN FFIILLEE - Readline is customized by putting commands in an initial- + Readline is customized by putting commands in an initial- ization file (the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file). The name of this file is - taken from the value of the IINNPPUUTTRRCC environment variable. - If that variable is unset, the default is _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c. - When a program which uses the readline library starts up, - the init file is read, and the key bindings and variables + taken from the value of the IINNPPUUTTRRCC environment variable. + If that variable is unset, the default is _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c. + When a program which uses the readline library starts up, + the init file is read, and the key bindings and variables are set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed in - the readline init file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines + the readline init file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines beginning with a ## are comments. Lines beginning with a $$ - indicate conditional constructs. Other lines denote key - bindings and variable settings. Each program using this + indicate conditional constructs. Other lines denote key + bindings and variable settings. Each program using this library may add its own commands and bindings. For example, placing @@ -95,55 +86,47 @@ IINNIITTIIAALLIIZZAATTIIOONN FFIILLEE M-Control-u: universal-argument or C-Meta-u: universal-argument - into the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c would make M-C-u execute the readline + + into the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c would make M-C-u execute the readline command _u_n_i_v_e_r_s_a_l_-_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t. - The following symbolic character names are recognized - while processing key bindings: _R_U_B_O_U_T, _D_E_L, _E_S_C, _L_F_D, _N_E_W_- - _L_I_N_E, _R_E_T, _R_E_T_U_R_N, _S_P_C, _S_P_A_C_E, and _T_A_B. + The following symbolic character names are recognized + while processing key bindings: _D_E_L, _E_S_C, _E_S_C_A_P_E, _L_F_D, _N_E_W_- + _L_I_N_E, _R_E_T, _R_E_T_U_R_N, _R_U_B_O_U_T, _S_P_A_C_E, _S_P_C, and _T_A_B. - In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be + In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _m_a_c_r_o). KKeeyy BBiinnddiinnggss - The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c - file is simple. All that is required is the name of the + The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c + file is simple. All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which - it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of - two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _M_e_t_a_- or - _C_o_n_t_r_o_l_- prefixes, or as a key sequence. When using the - form kkeeyynnaammee:_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e or _m_a_c_r_o, _k_e_y_n_a_m_e is the name - of a key spelled out in English. For example: + it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of + two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _M_e_t_a_- or + _C_o_n_t_r_o_l_- prefixes, or as a key sequence. + + When using the form kkeeyynnaammee:_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e or _m_a_c_r_o, _k_e_y_- + _n_a_m_e is the name of a key spelled out in English. For + example: Control-u: universal-argument Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word - Control-o: ">&output" + Control-o: "> output" In the above example, _C_-_u is bound to the function uunniivveerr-- - ssaall--aarrgguummeenntt, _M_-_D_E_L is bound to the function bbaacckk-- - wwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd, and _C_-_o is bound to run the macro - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 2 - - - + ssaall--aarrgguummeenntt, _M_-_D_E_L is bound to the function bbaacckk-- + wwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd, and _C_-_o is bound to run the macro + expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the + text ``> output'' into the line). - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - - expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the - text _>_&_o_u_t_p_u_t into the line). - - In the second form, ""kkeeyysseeqq"":_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e or _m_a_c_r_o, kkeeyy-- + In the second form, ""kkeeyysseeqq"":_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e or _m_a_c_r_o, kkeeyy-- sseeqq differs from kkeeyynnaammee above in that strings denoting an - entire key sequence may be specified by placing the - sequence within double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key - escapes can be used, as in the following example. + entire key sequence may be specified by placing the + sequence within double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key + escapes can be used, as in the following example, but the + symbolic character names are not recognized. "\C-u": universal-argument "\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file @@ -152,14 +135,16 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) In this example, _C_-_u is again bound to the function uunnii-- vveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt. _C_-_x _C_-_r is bound to the function rree--rreeaadd--iinniitt--ffiillee, and _E_S_C _[ _1 _1 _~ is bound to insert the - text FFuunnccttiioonn KKeeyy 11. The full set of GNU Emacs style - escape sequences is + text ``Function Key 1''. + + The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences available + when specifying key sequences is \\CC-- control prefix \\MM-- meta prefix \\ee an escape character \\\\ backslash - \\"" literal " - \\'' literal ' + \\"" literal ", a double quote + \\'' literal ', a single quote In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backslash escapes is available: @@ -171,48 +156,37 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) \\rr carriage return \\tt horizontal tab \\vv vertical tab - \\_n_n_n the character whose ASCII code is the octal - value _n_n_n (one to three digits) - \\xx_n_n_n the character whose ASCII code is the hex- - adecimal value _n_n_n (one to three digits) + \\_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the + octal value _n_n_n (one to three digits) + \\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the + hexadecimal value _H_H (one or two hex digits) When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes - should be used to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted + should be used to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted text is assumed to be a function name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded. Back- - slash will quote any other character in the macro text, + slash will quote any other character in the macro text, including " and '. - BBaasshh allows the current readline key bindings to be dis- - played or modified with the bbiinndd builtin command. The - editing mode may be switched during interactive use by - using the --oo option to the sseett builtin command. Other - programs using this library provide similar mechanisms. - The _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file may be edited and re-read if a program - does not provide any other means to incorporate new - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 3 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - - bindings. + BBaasshh allows the current readline key bindings to be dis- + played or modified with the bbiinndd builtin command. The + editing mode may be switched during interactive use by + using the --oo option to the sseett builtin command. Other + programs using this library provide similar mechanisms. + The _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file may be edited and re-read if a program + does not provide any other means to incorporate new bind- + ings. VVaarriiaabblleess - Readline has variables that can be used to further cus- + Readline has variables that can be used to further cus- tomize its behavior. A variable may be set in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file with a statement of the form sseett _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e_-_n_a_m_e _v_a_l_u_e Except where noted, readline variables can take the values - OOnn or OOffff. The variables and their default values are: + OOnn or OOffff (without regard to case). The variables and + their default values are: bbeellll--ssttyyllee ((aauuddiibbllee)) Controls what happens when readline wants to ring @@ -241,36 +215,28 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) ccoonnvveerrtt--mmeettaa ((OOnn)) If set to OOnn, readline will convert characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by - stripping the eighth bit and prepending an escape - character (in effect, using escape as the _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_- - _f_i_x). + stripping the eighth bit and prefixing it with an + escape character (in effect, using escape as the + _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x). ddiissaabbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonn ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline will inhibit word comple- tion. Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been mapped to sseellff--iinnsseerrtt. eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((eemmaaccss)) Controls whether readline begins with a set of key - bindings similar to _e_m_a_c_s or _v_i. eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee can + bindings similar to emacs or vi. eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee can be set to either eemmaaccss or vvii. eennaabbllee--kkeeyyppaadd ((OOffff)) When set to OOnn, readline will try to enable the application keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the arrow keys. - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 4 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - eexxppaanndd--ttiillddee ((OOffff)) If set to oonn, tilde expansion is performed when readline attempts word completion. + hhiissttoorryy--pprreesseerrvvee--ppooiinntt + If set to oonn, the history code attempts to place + point at the same location on each history line + retrived with pprreevviioouuss--hhiissttoorryy or nneexxtt--hhiissttoorryy. hhoorriizzoonnttaall--ssccrroollll--mmooddee ((OOffff)) When set to OOnn, makes readline use a single line for display, scrolling the input horizontally on a @@ -278,11 +244,11 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) screen width rather than wrapping to a new line. iinnppuutt--mmeettaa ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline will enable eight-bit input - (that is, it will not strip the high bit from the + (that is, it will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads), regardless of what the termi- nal claims it can support. The name mmeettaa--ffllaagg is a synonym for this variable. - iisseeaarrcchh--tteerrmmiinnaattoorrss ((````CC--[[CC--JJ'''')) + iisseeaarrcchh--tteerrmmiinnaattoorrss ((````CC--[[ CC--JJ'''')) The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without subsequently executing the character as a command. If this variable has @@ -293,19 +259,33 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) keymap names is _e_m_a_c_s_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_m_e_t_a_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_c_t_l_x_, _v_i_, _v_i_-_m_o_v_e_, _v_i_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d, and _v_i_-_i_n_s_e_r_t. _v_i is equivalent to _v_i_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d; _e_m_a_c_s is equivalent - to _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d. The default value is _e_m_a_c_s; the - value of eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee also affects the default + to _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d. The default value is _e_m_a_c_s. + The value of eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee also affects the default keymap. mmaarrkk--ddiirreeccttoorriieess ((OOnn)) - If set to OOnn, complete<d directory names have a + If set to OOnn, completed directory names have a slash appended. mmaarrkk--mmooddiiffiieedd--lliinneess ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, history lines that have been modified are displayed with a preceding asterisk (**). + mmaarrkk--ssyymmlliinnkkeedd--ddiirreeccttoorriieess ((OOffff)) + If set to OOnn, completed names which are symbolic + links to directories have a slash appended (subject + to the value of mmaarrkk--ddiirreeccttoorriieess). + mmaattcchh--hhiiddddeenn--ffiilleess ((OOnn)) + This variable, when set to OOnn, causes readline to + match files whose names begin with a `.' (hidden + files) when performing filename completion, unless + the leading `.' is supplied by the user in the + filename to be completed. oouuttppuutt--mmeettaa ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline will display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta- prefixed escape sequence. + ppaaggee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss ((OOnn)) + If set to OOnn, readline uses an internal _m_o_r_e-like + pager to display a screenful of possible comple- + tions at a time. pprriinntt--ccoommpplleettiioonnss--hhoorriizzoonnttaallllyy ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, readline will display completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical @@ -317,23 +297,11 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. vviissiibbllee--ssttaattss ((OOffff)) If set to OOnn, a character denoting a file's type as - reported by ssttaatt(2) is appended to the filename + reported by _s_t_a_t(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible completions. CCoonnddiittiioonnaall CCoonnssttrruuccttss Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 5 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings and variable settings to be per- formed as the result of tests. There are four parser @@ -374,7 +342,7 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) that quotes the current or previous word in Bash: - $$iiff bash + $$iiff Bash # Quote the current or previous word "\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" $$eennddiiff @@ -388,18 +356,6 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) $$iinncclluuddee This directive takes a single filename as an argu- ment and reads commands and bindings from that - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 6 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - file. For example, the following directive would read _/_e_t_c_/_i_n_p_u_t_r_c: @@ -416,34 +372,44 @@ SSEEAARRCCHHIINNGG string is typed, readline displays the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to find - the desired history entry. The characters present in the - value of the _i_s_e_a_r_c_h_-_t_e_r_m_i_n_a_t_o_r_s variable are used to ter- - minate an incremental search. If that variable has not - been assigned a value the Escape and Control-J characters - will terminate an incremental search. Control-G will - abort an incremental search and restore the original line. - When the search is terminated, the history entry contain- - ing the search string becomes the current line. To find - other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S - or Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or - forward in the history for the next line matching the - search string typed so far. Any other key sequence bound - to a readline command will terminate the search and exe- - cute that command. For instance, a _n_e_w_l_i_n_e will terminate + the desired history entry. To search backward in the his- + tory for a particular string, type CC--rr. Typing CC--ss + searches forward through the history. The characters pre- + sent in the value of the iisseeaarrcchh--tteerrmmiinnaattoorrss variable are + used to terminate an incremental search. If that variable + has not been assigned a value the _E_s_c_a_p_e and CC--JJ charac- + ters will terminate an incremental search. CC--GG will abort + an incremental search and restore the original line. When + the search is terminated, the history entry containing the + search string becomes the current line. + + To find other matching entries in the history list, type + CC--ss or CC--rr as appropriate. This will search backward or + forward in the history for the next line matching the + search string typed so far. Any other key sequence bound + to a readline command will terminate the search and exe- + cute that command. For instance, a newline will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby executing the com- - mand from the history list. + mand from the history list. A movement command will ter- + minate the search, make the last line found the current + line, and begin editing. - Non-incremental searches read the entire search string + Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting to search for matching history lines. The - search string may be typed by the user or be part of the + search string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line. EEDDIITTIINNGG CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS - The following is a list of the names of the commands and - the default key sequences to which they are bound. Com- + The following is a list of the names of the commands and + the default key sequences to which they are bound. Com- mand names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default. + In the following descriptions, _p_o_i_n_t refers to the current + cursor position, and _m_a_r_k refers to a cursor position + saved by the sseett--mmaarrkk command. The text between the point + and mark is referred to as the _r_e_g_i_o_n. + CCoommmmaannddss ffoorr MMoovviinngg bbeeggiinnnniinngg--ooff--lliinnee ((CC--aa)) Move to the start of the current line. @@ -453,19 +419,6 @@ EEDDIITTIINNGG CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS Move forward a character. bbaacckkwwaarrdd--cchhaarr ((CC--bb)) Move back a character. - - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 7 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd ((MM--ff)) Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters @@ -484,89 +437,76 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) CCoommmmaannddss ffoorr MMaanniippuullaattiinngg tthhee HHiissttoorryy aacccceepptt--lliinnee ((NNeewwlliinnee,, RReettuurrnn)) Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. - If this line is non-empty, add it to the history - list. If the line is a modified history line, then - restore the history line to its original state. + If this line is non-empty, it may be added to the + history list for future recall with aadddd__hhiissttoorryy(()). + If the line is a modified history line, the history + line is restored to its original state. pprreevviioouuss--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--pp)) - Fetch the previous command from the history list, + Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in the list. nneexxtt--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--nn)) - Fetch the next command from the history list, mov- + Fetch the next command from the history list, mov- ing forward in the list. bbeeggiinnnniinngg--ooff--hhiissttoorryy ((MM--<<)) Move to the first line in the history. eenndd--ooff--hhiissttoorryy ((MM-->>)) - Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the + Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently being entered. rreevveerrssee--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--rr)) - Search backward starting at the current line and + Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. ffoorrwwaarrdd--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--ss)) - Search forward starting at the current line and - moving `down' through the history as necessary. + Search forward starting at the current line and + moving `down' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. nnoonn--iinnccrreemmeennttaall--rreevveerrssee--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((MM--pp)) Search backward through the history starting at the - current line using a non-incremental search for a + current line using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the user. nnoonn--iinnccrreemmeennttaall--ffoorrwwaarrdd--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((MM--nn)) - Search forward through the history using a non- - incremental search for a string supplied by the + Search forward through the history using a non- + incremental search for a string supplied by the user. hhiissttoorryy--sseeaarrcchh--ffoorrwwaarrdd - Search forward through the history for the string + Search forward through the history for the string of characters between the start of the current line - and the current cursor position (the _p_o_i_n_t). This + and the current cursor position (the _p_o_i_n_t). This is a non-incremental search. - - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 8 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - hhiissttoorryy--sseeaarrcchh--bbaacckkwwaarrdd - Search backward through the history for the string + Search backward through the history for the string of characters between the start of the current line and the point. This is a non-incremental search. yyaannkk--nntthh--aarrgg ((MM--CC--yy)) - Insert the first argument to the previous command - (usually the second word on the previous line) at - point (the current cursor position). With an argu- - ment _n, insert the _nth word from the previous com- - mand (the words in the previous command begin with - word 0). A negative argument inserts the _nth word - from the end of the previous command. + Insert the first argument to the previous command + (usually the second word on the previous line) at + point. With an argument _n, insert the _nth word + from the previous command (the words in the previ- + ous command begin with word 0). A negative argu- + ment inserts the _nth word from the end of the pre- + vious command. yyaannkk--llaasstt--aarrgg ((MM--..,, MM--__)) - Insert the last argument to the previous command - (the last word of the previous history entry). + Insert the last argument to the previous command + (the last word of the previous history entry). With an argument, behave exactly like yyaannkk--nntthh--aarrgg. Successive calls to yyaannkk--llaasstt--aarrgg move back through - the history list, inserting the last argument of + the history list, inserting the last argument of each line in turn. CCoommmmaannddss ffoorr CChhaannggiinngg TTeexxtt ddeelleettee--cchhaarr ((CC--dd)) - Delete the character under the cursor. If point is - at the beginning of the line, there are no charac- - ters in the line, and the last character typed was - not bound to BBddeelleettee--cchhaarr, then return EEOOFF. + Delete the character at point. If point is at the + beginning of the line, there are no characters in + the line, and the last character typed was not + bound to ddeelleettee--cchhaarr, then return EEOOFF. bbaacckkwwaarrdd--ddeelleettee--cchhaarr ((RRuubboouutt)) Delete the character behind the cursor. When given - a numeric argument, save the deleted text on the + a numeric argument, save the deleted text on the kill ring. ffoorrwwaarrdd--bbaacckkwwaarrdd--ddeelleettee--cchhaarr - Delete the character under the cursor, unless the + Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the - character behind the cursor is deleted. By - default, this is not bound to a key. + character behind the cursor is deleted. qquuootteedd--iinnsseerrtt ((CC--qq,, CC--vv)) Add the next character that you type to the line verbatim. This is how to insert characters like @@ -577,69 +517,68 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) Insert the character typed. ttrraannssppoossee--cchhaarrss ((CC--tt)) Drag the character before point forward over the - character at point. Point moves forward as well. - If point is at the end of the line, then transpose - the two characters before point. Negative argu- - ments don't work. + character at point, moving point forward as well. + If point is at the end of the line, then this + transposes the two characters before point. Nega- + tive arguments have no effect. ttrraannssppoossee--wwoorrddss ((MM--tt)) - Drag the word behind the cursor past the word in - front of the cursor moving the cursor over that - word as well. - - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 9 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - + Drag the word before point past the word after + point, moving point over that word as well. If + point is at the end of the line, this transposes + the last two words on the line. uuppccaassee--wwoorrdd ((MM--uu)) - Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a + Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, uppercase the previous word, but do not move point. ddoowwnnccaassee--wwoorrdd ((MM--ll)) - Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a + Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, lowercase the previous word, but do not move point. ccaappiittaalliizzee--wwoorrdd ((MM--cc)) Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a - negative argument, capitalize the previous word, + negative argument, capitalize the previous word, but do not move point. + oovveerrwwrriittee--mmooddee + Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive + numeric argument, switches to overwrite mode. With + an explicit non-positive numeric argument, switches + to insert mode. This command affects only eemmaaccss + mode; vvii mode does overwrite differently. Each + call to _r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e_(_) starts in insert mode. In over- + write mode, characters bound to sseellff--iinnsseerrtt replace + the text at point rather than pushing the text to + the right. Characters bound to bbaacckk-- + wwaarrdd--ddeelleettee--cchhaarr replace the character before point + with a space. By default, this command is unbound. KKiilllliinngg aanndd YYaannkkiinngg kkiillll--lliinnee ((CC--kk)) - Kill the text from the current cursor position to - the end of the line. + Kill the text from point to the end of the line. bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--lliinnee ((CC--xx RRuubboouutt)) Kill backward to the beginning of the line. uunniixx--lliinnee--ddiissccaarrdd ((CC--uu)) - Kill backward from point to the beginning of the + Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. kkiillll--wwhhoollee--lliinnee - Kill all characters on the current line, no matter - where the cursor is. + Kill all characters on the current line, no matter + where point is. kkiillll--wwoorrdd ((MM--dd)) - Kill from the cursor to the end of the current - word, or if between words, to the end of the next - word. Word boundaries are the same as those used - by ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd. + Kill from point the end of the current word, or if + between words, to the end of the next word. Word + boundaries are the same as those used by ffoorr-- + wwaarrdd--wwoorrdd. bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd ((MM--RRuubboouutt)) - Kill the word behind the cursor. Word boundaries - are the same as those used by bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd. + Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are + the same as those used by bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd. uunniixx--wwoorrdd--rruubboouutt ((CC--ww)) - Kill the word behind the cursor, using white space - as a word boundary. The word boundaries are dif- - ferent from bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd. + Kill the word behind point, using white space as a + word boundary. The killed text is saved on the + kill-ring. ddeelleettee--hhoorriizzoonnttaall--ssppaaccee ((MM--\\)) Delete all spaces and tabs around point. kkiillll--rreeggiioonn - Kill the text between the point and _m_a_r_k (saved - cursor position). This text is referred to as the + Kill the text between the point and _m_a_r_k (saved + cursor position). This text is referred to as the _r_e_g_i_o_n. ccooppyy--rreeggiioonn--aass--kkiillll Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer. @@ -647,155 +586,118 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word boundaries are the same as bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd. ccooppyy--ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd - Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. + Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word boundaries are the same as ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd. yyaannkk ((CC--yy)) - Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at - the cursor. - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 10 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - + Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at + point. yyaannkk--ppoopp ((MM--yy)) - Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only + Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works following yyaannkk or yyaannkk--ppoopp. NNuummeerriicc AArrgguummeennttss ddiiggiitt--aarrgguummeenntt ((MM--00,, MM--11,, ......,, MM----)) - Add this digit to the argument already accumulat- - ing, or start a new argument. M-- starts a nega- + Add this digit to the argument already accumulat- + ing, or start a new argument. M-- starts a nega- tive argument. uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt - This is another way to specify an argument. If - this command is followed by one or more digits, - optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits + This is another way to specify an argument. If + this command is followed by one or more digits, + optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is followed by digits, executing uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt again ends the - numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a - special case, if this command is immediately fol- - lowed by a character that is neither a digit or + numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a + special case, if this command is immediately fol- + lowed by a character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count for the next command - is multiplied by four. The argument count is ini- - tially one, so executing this function the first - time makes the argument count four, a second time + is multiplied by four. The argument count is ini- + tially one, so executing this function the first + time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the argument count sixteen, and so on. CCoommpplleettiinngg ccoommpplleettee ((TTAABB)) - Attempt to perform completion on the text before + Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. The actual completion performed is applica- - tion-specific. BBaasshh, for instance, attempts com- - pletion treating the text as a variable (if the - text begins with $$), username (if the text begins - with ~~), hostname (if the text begins with @@), or - command (including aliases and functions) in turn. + tion-specific. BBaasshh, for instance, attempts com- + pletion treating the text as a variable (if the + text begins with $$), username (if the text begins + with ~~), hostname (if the text begins with @@), or + command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none of these produces a match, filename comple- - tion is attempted. GGddbb, on the other hand, allows - completion of program functions and variables, and - only attempts filename completion under certain + tion is attempted. GGddbb, on the other hand, allows + completion of program functions and variables, and + only attempts filename completion under certain circumstances. ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss ((MM--??)) - List the possible completions of the text before + List the possible completions of the text before point. iinnsseerrtt--ccoommpplleettiioonnss ((MM--**)) - Insert all completions of the text before point - that would have been generated by ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee-- + Insert all completions of the text before point + that would have been generated by ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee-- ttiioonnss. mmeennuu--ccoommpplleettee - Similar to ccoommpplleettee, but replaces the word to be + Similar to ccoommpplleettee, but replaces the word to be completed with a single match from the list of pos- sible completions. Repeated execution of mmeennuu--ccoomm-- - pplleettee steps through the list of possible comple- + pplleettee steps through the list of possible comple- tions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of - the list of completions, the bell is rung and the - original text is restored. An argument of _n moves - _n positions forward in the list of matches; a - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 11 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - - negative argument may be used to move backward - through the list. This command is intended to be - bound to TTAABB, but is unbound by default. + the list of completions, the bell is rung (subject + to the setting of 00aanndd tthhee oorriiggiinnaall tteexxtt iiss + rreessttoorreedd.. AAnn aarrgguummeenntt ooff _n mmoovveess _n ppoossiittiioonnss ffoorr-- + wwaarrdd iinn tthhee lliisstt ooff mmaattcchheess;; aa nneeggaattiivvee aarrgguummeenntt + mmaayy bbee uusseedd ttoo mmoovvee bbaacckkwwaarrdd tthhrroouugghh tthhee lliisstt.. + TThhiiss ccoommmmaanndd iiss iinntteennddeedd ttoo bbee bboouunndd ttoo TTAABB,, bbuutt iiss + uunnbboouunndd bbyy ddeeffaauulltt.. ddeelleettee--cchhaarr--oorr--lliisstt Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or end of the line (like ddeelleettee-- cchhaarr). If at the end of the line, behaves identi- - cally to ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss. This command is - unbound by default. + cally to ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss. KKeeyybbooaarrdd MMaaccrrooss ssttaarrtt--kkbbdd--mmaaccrroo ((CC--xx (()) - Begin saving the characters typed into the current + Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro. eenndd--kkbbdd--mmaaccrroo ((CC--xx )))) - Stop saving the characters typed into the current + Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro and store the definition. ccaallll--llaasstt--kkbbdd--mmaaccrroo ((CC--xx ee)) Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by mak- - ing the characters in the macro appear as if typed + ing the characters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. MMiisscceellllaanneeoouuss rree--rreeaadd--iinniitt--ffiillee ((CC--xx CC--rr)) - Read in the contents of the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file, and - incorporate any bindings or variable assignments + Read in the contents of the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file, and + incorporate any bindings or variable assignments found there. aabboorrtt ((CC--gg)) Abort the current editing command and ring the ter- minal's bell (subject to the setting of bbeellll--ssttyyllee). ddoo--uuppppeerrccaassee--vveerrssiioonn ((MM--aa,, MM--bb,, MM--_x,, ......)) - If the metafied character _x is lowercase, run the - command that is bound to the corresponding upper- + If the metafied character _x is lowercase, run the + command that is bound to the corresponding upper- case character. pprreeffiixx--mmeettaa ((EESSCC)) - Metafy the next character typed. EESSCC ff is equiva- + Metafy the next character typed. EESSCC ff is equiva- lent to MMeettaa--ff. uunnddoo ((CC--__,, CC--xx CC--uu)) - Incremental undo, separately remembered for each + Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. rreevveerrtt--lliinnee ((MM--rr)) - Undo all changes made to this line. This is like - executing the uunnddoo command enough times to return + Undo all changes made to this line. This is like + executing the uunnddoo command enough times to return the line to its initial state. ttiillddee--eexxppaanndd ((MM--&&)) Perform tilde expansion on the current word. sseett--mmaarrkk ((CC--@@,, MM--<<ssppaaccee>>)) - Set the mark to the current point. If a numeric - argument is supplied, the mark is set to that posi- - tion. + Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument + is supplied, the mark is set to that position. eexxcchhaannggee--ppooiinntt--aanndd--mmaarrkk ((CC--xx CC--xx)) Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to the saved position, and the old - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 12 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - cursor position is saved as the mark. cchhaarraacctteerr--sseeaarrcchh ((CC--]])) A character is read and point is moved to the next @@ -806,63 +708,60 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) vious occurrence of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences. iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt ((MM--##)) - The value of the readline ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn variable is - inserted at the beginning of the current line, and - the line is accepted as if a newline had been - typed. This makes the current line a shell com- - ment. + Without a numeric argument, the value of the read- + line ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn variable is inserted at the + beginning of the current line. If a numeric argu- + ment is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: + if the characters at the beginning of the line do + not match the value of ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn, the value is + inserted, otherwise the characters in ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn + are deleted from the beginning of the line. In + either case, the line is accepted as if a newline + had been typed. The default value of ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn + makes the current line a shell comment. If a + numeric argument causes the comment character to be + removed, the line will be executed by the shell. dduummpp--ffuunnccttiioonnss Print all of the functions and their key bindings - to the readline output stream. If a numeric argu- - ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a - way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file. + to the readline output stream. If a numeric + argument is supplied, the output is formatted in + such a way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c + file. dduummpp--vvaarriiaabblleess - Print all of the settable variables and their val- - ues to the readline output stream. If a numeric - argument is supplied, the output is formatted in - such a way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c + Print all of the settable variables and their val- + ues to the readline output stream. If a numeric + argument is supplied, the output is formatted in + such a way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file. dduummpp--mmaaccrrooss - Print all of the readline key sequences bound to - macros and the strings they ouput. If a numeric - argument is supplied, the output is formatted in - such a way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c + Print all of the readline key sequences bound to + macros and the strings they ouput. If a numeric + argument is supplied, the output is formatted in + such a way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file. eemmaaccss--eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((CC--ee)) - When in vvii editing mode, this causes a switch to + When in vvii command mode, this causes a switch to eemmaaccss editing mode. vvii--eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((MM--CC--jj)) When in eemmaaccss editing mode, this causes a switch to vvii editing mode. DDEEFFAAUULLTT KKEEYY BBIINNDDIINNGGSS - The following is a list of the default emacs and vi bind- - ings. Characters with the 8th bit set are written as + The following is a list of the default emacs and vi bind- + ings. Characters with the eighth bit set are written as M-<character>, and are referred to as _m_e_t_a_f_i_e_d characters. - The printable ASCII characters not mentioned in the list - of emacs standard bindings are bound to the _s_e_l_f_-_i_n_s_e_r_t - function, which just inserts the given character into the - input line. In vi insertion mode, all characters not - specifically mentioned are bound to _s_e_l_f_-_i_n_s_e_r_t. Charac- - ters assigned to signal generation by _s_t_t_y(1) or the ter- - minal driver, such as C-Z or C-C, retain that function. - Upper and lower case _m_e_t_a_f_i_e_d characters are bound to the - same function in the emacs mode meta keymap. The remain- - ing characters are unbound, which causes readline to ring - the bell (subject to the setting of the bbeellll--ssttyyllee - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 13 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - - variable). + The printable ASCII characters not mentioned in the list + of emacs standard bindings are bound to the sseellff--iinnsseerrtt + function, which just inserts the given character into the + input line. In vi insertion mode, all characters not + specifically mentioned are bound to sseellff--iinnsseerrtt. Charac- + ters assigned to signal generation by _s_t_t_y(1) or the ter- + minal driver, such as C-Z or C-C, retain that function. + Upper and lower case metafied characters are bound to the + same function in the emacs mode meta keymap. The remain- + ing characters are unbound, which causes readline to ring + the bell (subject to the setting of the bbeellll--ssttyyllee vari- + able). EEmmaaccss MMooddee Emacs Standard bindings @@ -916,18 +815,6 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) "M-." yank-last-arg "M-0" digit-argument "M-1" digit-argument - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 14 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - "M-2" digit-argument "M-3" digit-argument "M-4" digit-argument @@ -953,7 +840,7 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) "M-Y" yank-pop "M-\" delete-horizontal-space "M-~" tilde-expand - "M-C-?" backward-delete-word + "M-C-?" backward-kill-word "M-_" yank-last-arg Emacs Control-X bindings @@ -982,18 +869,6 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) "C-U" unix-line-discard "C-V" quoted-insert "C-W" unix-word-rubout - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 15 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - "C-Y" yank "C-[" vi-movement-mode "C-_" undo @@ -1020,6 +895,7 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) "C-V" quoted-insert "C-W" unix-word-rubout "C-Y" yank + "C-_" vi-undo " " forward-char "#" insert-comment "$" end-of-line @@ -1048,18 +924,6 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) "P" vi-put "R" vi-replace "S" vi-subst - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 16 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - "T" vi-char-search "U" revert-line "W" vi-next-word @@ -1086,7 +950,7 @@ READLINE(3) READLINE(3) "r" vi-change-char "s" vi-subst "t" vi-char-search - "u" undo + "u" vi-undo "w" vi-next-word "x" vi-delete "y" vi-yank-to @@ -1110,30 +974,19 @@ AAUUTTHHOORRSS chet@ins.CWRU.Edu BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS - If you find a bug in rreeaaddlliinnee,, you should report it. But - first, you should make sure that it really is a bug, and - that it appears in the latest version of the rreeaaddlliinnee + If you find a bug in rreeaaddlliinnee,, you should report it. But + first, you should make sure that it really is a bug, and + that it appears in the latest version of the rreeaaddlliinnee library that you have. - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 17 - - - - - -READLINE(3) READLINE(3) - - - Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, mail - a bug report to _b_u_g_-_r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e@_g_n_u_._o_r_g. If you have a fix, - you are welcome to mail that as well! Suggestions and - `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed to _b_u_g_-_r_e_a_d_- + Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, mail + a bug report to _b_u_g_-_r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e@_g_n_u_._o_r_g. If you have a fix, + you are welcome to mail that as well! Suggestions and + `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed to _b_u_g_-_r_e_a_d_- _l_i_n_e@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup ggnnuu..bbaasshh..bbuugg. - Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page + Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to _c_h_e_t_@_i_n_s_._C_W_R_U_._E_d_u. BBUUGGSS @@ -1141,48 +994,4 @@ BBUUGGSS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -GNU 1999 Jun 1 18 - - +GNU Readline 4.3 2002 January 22 READLINE(3) |