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diff --git a/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo b/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo deleted file mode 100644 index 418bfa8..0000000 --- a/readline/doc/hsuser.texinfo +++ /dev/null @@ -1,437 +0,0 @@ -@ignore -This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library. - -Copyright (C) 1988-2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey. - -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual -provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on -all copies. - -Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the -results, provided the printed document carries copying permission notice -identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph (this -paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the -GNU Copyright statement is available to the distributee, and provided that -the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. -@end ignore - -@node Using History Interactively -@chapter Using History Interactively - -@ifclear BashFeatures -@defcodeindex bt -@end ifclear - -@ifset BashFeatures -This chapter describes how to use the @sc{gnu} History Library -interactively, from a user's standpoint. -It should be considered a user's guide. -For information on using the @sc{gnu} History Library in other programs, -see the @sc{gnu} Readline Library Manual. -@end ifset -@ifclear BashFeatures -This chapter describes how to use the @sc{gnu} History Library interactively, -from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a user's guide. For -information on using the @sc{gnu} History Library in your own programs, -@pxref{Programming with GNU History}. -@end ifclear - -@ifset BashFeatures -@menu -* Bash History Facilities:: How Bash lets you manipulate your command - history. -* Bash History Builtins:: The Bash builtin commands that manipulate - the command history. -* History Interaction:: What it feels like using History as a user. -@end menu -@end ifset -@ifclear BashFeatures -@menu -* History Interaction:: What it feels like using History as a user. -@end menu -@end ifclear - -@ifset BashFeatures -@node Bash History Facilities -@section Bash History Facilities -@cindex command history -@cindex history list - -When the @option{-o history} option to the @code{set} builtin -is enabled (@pxref{The Set Builtin}), -the shell provides access to the @dfn{command history}, -the list of commands previously typed. -The value of the @env{HISTSIZE} shell variable is used as the -number of commands to save in a history list. -The text of the last @env{$HISTSIZE} -commands (default 500) is saved. -The shell stores each command in the history list prior to -parameter and variable expansion -but after history expansion is performed, subject to the -values of the shell variables -@env{HISTIGNORE} and @env{HISTCONTROL}. - -When the shell starts up, the history is initialized from the -file named by the @env{HISTFILE} variable (default @file{~/.bash_history}). -The file named by the value of @env{HISTFILE} is truncated, if -necessary, to contain no more than the number of lines specified by -the value of the @env{HISTFILESIZE} variable. -When an interactive shell exits, the last -@env{$HISTSIZE} lines are copied from the history list to the file -named by @env{$HISTFILE}. -If the @code{histappend} shell option is set (@pxref{Bash Builtins}), -the lines are appended to the history file, -otherwise the history file is overwritten. -If @env{HISTFILE} -is unset, or if the history file is unwritable, the history is -not saved. After saving the history, the history file is truncated -to contain no more than @env{$HISTFILESIZE} -lines. If @env{HISTFILESIZE} is not set, no truncation is performed. - -The builtin command @code{fc} may be used to list or edit and re-execute -a portion of the history list. -The @code{history} builtin may be used to display or modify the history -list and manipulate the history file. -When using command-line editing, search commands -are available in each editing mode that provide access to the -history list (@pxref{Commands For History}). - -The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history -list. The @env{HISTCONTROL} and @env{HISTIGNORE} -variables may be set to cause the shell to save only a subset of the -commands entered. -The @code{cmdhist} -shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each -line of a multi-line command in the same history entry, adding -semicolons where necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. -The @code{lithist} -shell option causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines -instead of semicolons. -The @code{shopt} builtin is used to set these options. -@xref{Bash Builtins}, for a description of @code{shopt}. - -@node Bash History Builtins -@section Bash History Builtins -@cindex history builtins - -Bash provides two builtin commands which manipulate the -history list and history file. - -@table @code - -@item fc -@btindex fc -@example -@code{fc [-e @var{ename}] [-nlr] [@var{first}] [@var{last}]} -@code{fc -s [@var{pat}=@var{rep}] [@var{command}]} -@end example - -Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from @var{first} to -@var{last} is selected from the history list. Both @var{first} and -@var{last} may be specified as a string (to locate the most recent -command beginning with that string) or as a number (an index into the -history list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the -current command number). If @var{last} is not specified it is set to -@var{first}. If @var{first} is not specified it is set to the previous -command for editing and @minus{}16 for listing. If the @option{-l} flag is -given, the commands are listed on standard output. The @option{-n} flag -suppresses the command numbers when listing. The @option{-r} flag -reverses the order of the listing. Otherwise, the editor given by -@var{ename} is invoked on a file containing those commands. If -@var{ename} is not given, the value of the following variable expansion -is used: @code{$@{FCEDIT:-$@{EDITOR:-vi@}@}}. This says to use the -value of the @env{FCEDIT} variable if set, or the value of the -@env{EDITOR} variable if that is set, or @code{vi} if neither is set. -When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and executed. - -In the second form, @var{command} is re-executed after each instance -of @var{pat} in the selected command is replaced by @var{rep}. - -A useful alias to use with the @code{fc} command is @code{r='fc -s'}, so -that typing @samp{r cc} runs the last command beginning with @code{cc} -and typing @samp{r} re-executes the last command (@pxref{Aliases}). - -@item history -@btindex history -@example -history [@var{n}] -history -c -history -d @var{offset} -history [-anrw] [@var{filename}] -history -ps @var{arg} -@end example - -With no options, display the history list with line numbers. -Lines prefixed with a @samp{*} have been modified. -An argument of @var{n} lists only the last @var{n} lines. -Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: - -@table @code -@item -c -Clear the history list. This may be combined -with the other options to replace the history list completely. - -@item -d @var{offset} -Delete the history entry at position @var{offset}. -@var{offset} should be specified as it appears when the history is -displayed. - -@item -a -Append the new -history lines (history lines entered since the beginning of the -current Bash session) to the history file. - -@item -n -Append the history lines not already read from the history file -to the current history list. These are lines appended to the history -file since the beginning of the current Bash session. - -@item -r -Read the current history file and append its contents to -the history list. - -@item -w -Write out the current history to the history file. - -@item -p -Perform history substitution on the @var{arg}s and display the result -on the standard output, without storing the results in the history list. - -@item -s -The @var{arg}s are added to the end of -the history list as a single entry. - -@end table - -When any of the @option{-w}, @option{-r}, @option{-a}, or @option{-n} options is -used, if @var{filename} -is given, then it is used as the history file. If not, then -the value of the @env{HISTFILE} variable is used. - -@end table -@end ifset - -@node History Interaction -@section History Expansion -@cindex history expansion - -The History library provides a history expansion feature that is similar -to the history expansion provided by @code{csh}. This section -describes the syntax used to manipulate the history information. - -History expansions introduce words from the history list into -the input stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the -arguments to a previous command into the current input line, or -fix errors in previous commands quickly. - -History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine -which line from the history list should be used during substitution. -The second is to select portions of that line for inclusion into the -current one. The line selected from the history is called the -@dfn{event}, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are -called @dfn{words}. Various @dfn{modifiers} are available to manipulate -the selected words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion -that Bash does, so that several words -surrounded by quotes are considered one word. -History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the -history expansion character, which is @samp{!} by default. -@ifset BashFeatures -Only @samp{\} and @samp{'} may be used to escape the history expansion -character. -@end ifset - -@ifset BashFeatures -Several shell options settable with the @code{shopt} -builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins}) may be used to tailor -the behavior of history expansion. If the -@code{histverify} shell option is enabled, and Readline -is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to -the shell parser. -Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the Readline -editing buffer for further modification. -If Readline is being used, and the @code{histreedit} -shell option is enabled, a failed history expansion will be -reloaded into the Readline editing buffer for correction. -The @option{-p} option to the @code{history} builtin command -may be used to see what a history expansion will do before using it. -The @option{-s} option to the @code{history} builtin may be used to -add commands to the end of the history list without actually executing -them, so that they are available for subsequent recall. -This is most useful in conjunction with Readline. - -The shell allows control of the various characters used by the -history expansion mechanism with the @code{histchars} variable. -@end ifset - -@menu -* Event Designators:: How to specify which history line to use. -* Word Designators:: Specifying which words are of interest. -* Modifiers:: Modifying the results of substitution. -@end menu - -@node Event Designators -@subsection Event Designators -@cindex event designators - -An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the -history list. -@cindex history events - -@table @asis - -@item @code{!} -Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab, -the end of the line, @samp{=} or @samp{(}. - -@item @code{!@var{n}} -Refer to command line @var{n}. - -@item @code{!-@var{n}} -Refer to the command @var{n} lines back. - -@item @code{!!} -Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for @samp{!-1}. - -@item @code{!@var{string}} -Refer to the most recent command starting with @var{string}. - -@item @code{!?@var{string}[?]} -Refer to the most recent command containing @var{string}. The trailing -@samp{?} may be omitted if the @var{string} is followed immediately by -a newline. - -@item @code{^@var{string1}^@var{string2}^} -Quick Substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing @var{string1} -with @var{string2}. Equivalent to -@code{!!:s/@var{string1}/@var{string2}/}. - -@item @code{!#} -The entire command line typed so far. - -@end table - -@node Word Designators -@subsection Word Designators - -Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. -A @samp{:} separates the event specification from the word designator. It -may be omitted if the word designator begins with a @samp{^}, @samp{$}, -@samp{*}, @samp{-}, or @samp{%}. Words are numbered from the beginning -of the line, with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero). Words are -inserted into the current line separated by single spaces. - -@need 0.75 -For example, - -@table @code -@item !! -designates the preceding command. When you type this, the preceding -command is repeated in toto. - -@item !!:$ -designates the last argument of the preceding command. This may be -shortened to @code{!$}. - -@item !fi:2 -designates the second argument of the most recent command starting with -the letters @code{fi}. -@end table - -@need 0.75 -Here are the word designators: - -@table @code - -@item 0 (zero) -The @code{0}th word. For many applications, this is the command word. - -@item @var{n} -The @var{n}th word. - -@item ^ -The first argument; that is, word 1. - -@item $ -The last argument. - -@item % -The word matched by the most recent @samp{?@var{string}?} search. - -@item @var{x}-@var{y} -A range of words; @samp{-@var{y}} abbreviates @samp{0-@var{y}}. - -@item * -All of the words, except the @code{0}th. This is a synonym for @samp{1-$}. -It is not an error to use @samp{*} if there is just one word in the event; -the empty string is returned in that case. - -@item @var{x}* -Abbreviates @samp{@var{x}-$} - -@item @var{x}- -Abbreviates @samp{@var{x}-$} like @samp{@var{x}*}, but omits the last word. - -@end table - -If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the -previous command is used as the event. - -@node Modifiers -@subsection Modifiers - -After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or more -of the following modifiers, each preceded by a @samp{:}. - -@table @code - -@item h -Remove a trailing pathname component, leaving only the head. - -@item t -Remove all leading pathname components, leaving the tail. - -@item r -Remove a trailing suffix of the form @samp{.@var{suffix}}, leaving -the basename. - -@item e -Remove all but the trailing suffix. - -@item p -Print the new command but do not execute it. - -@ifset BashFeatures -@item q -Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions. - -@item x -Quote the substituted words as with @samp{q}, -but break into words at spaces, tabs, and newlines. -@end ifset - -@item s/@var{old}/@var{new}/ -Substitute @var{new} for the first occurrence of @var{old} in the -event line. Any delimiter may be used in place of @samp{/}. -The delimiter may be quoted in @var{old} and @var{new} -with a single backslash. If @samp{&} appears in @var{new}, -it is replaced by @var{old}. A single backslash will quote -the @samp{&}. The final delimiter is optional if it is the last -character on the input line. - -@item & -Repeat the previous substitution. - -@item g -Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. Used in -conjunction with @samp{s}, as in @code{gs/@var{old}/@var{new}/}, -or with @samp{&}. - -@end table |