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diff --git a/gdb/doc/gdbinv-s.texi b/gdb/doc/gdbinv-s.texi new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2bc1bbb --- /dev/null +++ b/gdb/doc/gdbinv-s.texi @@ -0,0 +1,985 @@ +@c -*- Texinfo -*- +@c Copyright (c) 1990 1991 1992 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@c This file is part of the source for the GDB manual. +@c This text diverted to "Remote Debugging" section in general case; +@c however, if we're doing a manual specifically for one of these, it +@c belongs up front (in "Getting In and Out" chapter). +@ifset REMOTESTUB + +@node Remote Serial +@subsection The @value{GDBN} remote serial protocol + +@cindex remote serial debugging, overview +To debug a program running on another machine (the debugging +@dfn{target} machine), you must first arrange for all the usual +prerequisites for the program to run by itself. For example, for a C +program, you need + +@enumerate +@item +A startup routine to set up the C runtime environment; these usually +have a name like @file{crt0}. The startup routine may be supplied by +your hardware supplier, or you may have to write your own. + +@item +You probably need a C subroutine library to support your program's +subroutine calls, notably managing input and output. + +@item +A way of getting your program to the other machine---for example, a +download program. These are often supplied by the hardware +manufacturer, but you may have to write your own from hardware +documentation. +@end enumerate + +The next step is to arrange for your program to use a serial port to +communicate with the machine where @value{GDBN} is running (the @dfn{host} +machine). In general terms, the scheme looks like this: + +@table @emph +@item On the host, +@value{GDBN} already understands how to use this protocol; when everything +else is set up, you can simply use the @samp{target remote} command +(@pxref{Targets,,Specifying a Debugging Target}). + +@item On the target, +you must link with your program a few special-purpose subroutines that +implement the @value{GDBN} remote serial protocol. The file containing these +subroutines is called a @dfn{debugging stub}. +@end table + +The debugging stub is specific to the architecture of the remote +machine; for example, use @file{sparc-stub.c} to debug programs on +@sc{sparc} boards. + +@cindex remote serial stub list +These working remote stubs are distributed with @value{GDBN}: + +@c FIXME! verify these... +@table @code +@item sparc-stub.c +@kindex sparc-stub.c +For @sc{sparc} architectures. + +@item m68k-stub.c +@kindex m68-stub.c +For Motorola 680x0 architectures. + +@item i386-stub.c +@kindex i36-stub.c +For Intel 386 and compatible architectures. +@end table + +The @file{README} file in the @value{GDBN} distribution may list other +recently added stubs. + +@menu +* stub contents:: What the stub can do for you +* bootstrapping:: What you must do for the stub +* debug session:: Putting it all together +* protocol:: Outline of the communication protocol +@end menu + +@node stub contents +@subsubsection What the stub can do for you + +@cindex remote serial stub +The debugging stub for your architecture supplies these three +subroutines: + +@table @code +@item set_debug_traps +@kindex set_debug_traps +@cindex remote serial stub, initialization +This routine arranges to transfer control to @code{handle_exception} +when your program stops. You must call this subroutine explicitly near +the beginning of your program. + +@item handle_exception +@kindex handle_exception +@cindex remote serial stub, main routine +This is the central workhorse, but your program never calls it +explicitly---the setup code arranges for @code{handle_exception} to +run when a trap is triggered. + +@code{handle_exception} takes control when your program stops during +execution (for example, on a breakpoint), and mediates communications +with @value{GDBN} on the host machine. This is where the communications +protocol is implemented; @code{handle_exception} acts as the @value{GDBN} +representative on the target machine; it begins by sending summary +information on the state of your program, then continues to execute, +retrieving and transmitting any information @value{GDBN} needs, until you +execute a @value{GDBN} command that makes your program resume; at that point, +@code{handle_exception} returns control to your own code on the target +machine. + +@item breakpoint +@cindex @code{breakpoint} subroutine, remote +Use this auxiliary subroutine to make your program contain a +breakpoint. Depending on the particular situation, this may be the only +way for @value{GDBN} to get control. For instance, if your target +machine has some sort of interrupt button, you won't need to call this; +pressing the interrupt button will transfer control to +@code{handle_exception}---in efect, to @value{GDBN}. On some machines, +simply receiving characters on the serial port may also trigger a trap; +again, in that situation, you don't need to call @code{breakpoint} from +your own program---simply running @samp{target remote} from the host +@value{GDBN} session will get control. + +Call @code{breakpoint} if none of these is true, or if you simply want +to make certain your program stops at a predetermined point for the +start of your debugging session. +@end table + +@node bootstrapping +@subsubsection What you must do for the stub + +@cindex remote stub, support routines +The debugging stubs that come with @value{GDBN} are set up for a particular +chip architecture, but they have no information about the rest of your +debugging target machine. To allow the stub to work, you must supply +these special low-level subroutines: + +@table @code +@item int getDebugChar() +@kindex getDebugChar +Write this subroutine to read a single character from the serial port. +It may be identical to @code{getchar} for your target system; a +different name is used to allow you to distinguish the two if you wish. + +@item void putDebugChar(int) +@kindex putDebugChar +Write this subroutine to write a single character to the serial port. +It may be identical to @code{putchar} for your target system; a +different name is used to allow you to distinguish the two if you wish. + +@item void flush_i_cache() +@kindex flush_i_cache +Write this subroutine to flush the instruction cache, if any, on your +target machine. If there is no instruction cache, this subroutine may +be a no-op. + +On target machines that have instruction caches, @value{GDBN} requires this +function to make certain that the state of your program is stable. +@end table + +@noindent +You must also make sure this library routine is available: + +@table @code +@item void *memset(void *, int, int) +@kindex memset +This is the standard library function @code{memset} that sets an area of +memory to a known value. If you have one of the free versions of +@code{libc.a}, @code{memset} can be found there; otherwise, you must +either obtain it from your hardware manufacturer, or write your own. +@end table + +If you do not use the GNU C compiler, you may need other standard +library subroutines as well; this will vary from one stub to another, +but in general the stubs are likely to use any of the common library +subroutines which @code{gcc} generates as inline code. + + +@node debug session +@subsubsection Putting it all together + +@cindex remote serial debugging summary +In summary, when your program is ready to debug, you must follow these +steps. + +@enumerate +@item +Make sure you have the supporting low-level routines: +@code{getDebugChar}, @code{putDebugChar}, @code{flush_i_cache}, +@code{memset}. + +@item +Insert these lines near the top of your program: + +@example +set_debug_traps(); +breakpoint(); +@end example + +@item +Compile and link together: your program, the @value{GDBN} debugging stub for +your target architecture, and the supporting subroutines. + +@item +Make sure you have a serial connection between your target machine and +the @value{GDBN} host, and identify the serial port used for this on the host. + +@item +Download your program to your target machine (or get it there by +whatever means the manufacturer provides), and start it. + +@item +To start remote debugging, run @value{GDBN} on the host machine, and specify +as an executable file the program that is running in the remote machine. +This tells @value{GDBN} how to find your program's symbols and the contents +of its pure text. + +Then establish communication using the @code{target remote} command. +Its argument is the name of the device you're using to control the +target machine. For example: + +@example +target remote /dev/ttyb +@end example + +@noindent +if the serial line is connected to the device named @file{/dev/ttyb}. +@ignore +@c this is from the old text, but it doesn't seem to make sense now that I've +@c seen an example... pesch 4sep1992 +This will stop the remote machine if it is not already stopped. +@end ignore + +@end enumerate + +Now you can use all the usual commands to examine and change data and to +step and continue the remote program. + +To resume the remote program and stop debugging it, use the @code{detach} +command. + +@node protocol +@subsubsection Outline of the communication protocol + +@cindex debugging stub, example +@cindex remote stub, example +@cindex stub example, remote debugging +The stub files provided with @value{GDBN} implement the target side of the +communication protocol, and the @value{GDBN} side is implemented in the +@value{GDBN} source file @file{remote.c}. Normally, you can simply allow +these subroutines to communicate, and ignore the details. (If you're +implementing your own stub file, you can still ignore the details: start +with one of the existing stub files. @file{sparc-stub.c} is the best +organized, and therefore the easiest to read.) + +However, there may be occasions when you need to know something about +the protocol---for example, if there is only one serial port to your +target machine, you might want your program to do something special if +it recognizes a packet meant for @value{GDBN}. + +@cindex protocol, @value{GDBN} remote serial +@cindex serial protocol, @value{GDBN} remote +@cindex remote serial protocol +All @value{GDBN} commands and responses (other than acknowledgements, which +are single characters) are sent as a packet which includes a +checksum. A packet is introduced with the character @samp{$}, and ends +with the character @samp{#} followed by a two-digit checksum: + +@example +$@var{packet info}#@var{checksum} +@end example + +@cindex checksum, for @value{GDBN} remote +@noindent +@var{checksum} is computed as the modulo 256 sum of the @var{packet +info} characters. + +When either the host or the target machine receives a packet, the first +response expected is an acknowledgement: a single character, either +@samp{+} (to indicate the package was received correctly) or @samp{-} +(to request retransmission). + +The host (@value{GDBN}) sends commands, and the target (the debugging stub +incorporated in your program) sends data in response. The target also +sends data when your program stops. + +Command packets are distinguished by their first character, which +identifies the kind of command. + +These are the commands currently supported: + +@table @code +@item g +Requests the values of CPU registers. + +@item G +Sets the values of CPU registers. + +@item m@var{addr},@var{count} +Read @var{count} bytes at location @var{addr}. + +@item M@var{addr},@var{count}:@dots{} +Write @var{count} bytes at location @var{addr}. + +@item c +@itemx c@var{addr} +Resume execution at the current address (or at @var{addr} if supplied). + +@item s +@itemx s@var{addr} +Step the target program for one instruction, from either the current +program counter or from @var{addr} if supplied. + +@item k +Kill the target program. + +@item ? +Report the most recent signal. To allow you to take advantage of the +@value{GDBN} signal handling commands, one of the functions of the debugging +stub is to report CPU traps as the corresponding POSIX signal values. +@end table + +@kindex set remotedebug +@kindex show remotedebug +@cindex packets, reporting on stdout +@cindex serial connections, debugging +If you have trouble with the serial connection, you can use the command +@code{set remotedebug}. This makes @value{GDBN} report on all packets sent +back and forth across the serial line to the remote machine. The +packet-debugging information is printed on the @value{GDBN} standard output +stream. @code{set remotedebug off} turns it off, and @code{show +remotedebug} will show you its current state. +@end ifset + +@ifset Icmlx +@node i960-Nindy Remote +@subsection @value{GDBN} with a Remote i960 (Nindy) + +@cindex Nindy +@cindex i960 +@dfn{Nindy} is a ROM Monitor program for Intel 960 target systems. When +@value{GDBN} is configured to control a remote Intel 960 using Nindy, you can +tell @value{GDBN} how to connect to the 960 in several ways: + +@itemize @bullet +@item +Through command line options specifying serial port, version of the +Nindy protocol, and communications speed; + +@item +By responding to a prompt on startup; + +@item +By using the @code{target} command at any point during your @value{GDBN} +session. @xref{Target Commands, ,Commands for Managing Targets}. + +@end itemize + +@menu +* Nindy Startup:: Startup with Nindy +* Nindy Options:: Options for Nindy +* Nindy reset:: Nindy Reset Command +@end menu + +@node Nindy Startup +@subsubsection Startup with Nindy + +If you simply start @code{@value{GDBP}} without using any command-line +options, you are prompted for what serial port to use, @emph{before} you +reach the ordinary @value{GDBN} prompt: + +@example +Attach /dev/ttyNN -- specify NN, or "quit" to quit: +@end example + +@noindent +Respond to the prompt with whatever suffix (after @samp{/dev/tty}) +identifies the serial port you want to use. You can, if you choose, +simply start up with no Nindy connection by responding to the prompt +with an empty line. If you do this, and later wish to attach to Nindy, +use @code{target} (@pxref{Target Commands, ,Commands for Managing Targets}). + +@node Nindy Options +@subsubsection Options for Nindy + +These are the startup options for beginning your @value{GDBN} session with a +Nindy-960 board attached: + +@table @code +@item -r @var{port} +Specify the serial port name of a serial interface to be used to connect +to the target system. This option is only available when @value{GDBN} is +configured for the Intel 960 target architecture. You may specify +@var{port} as any of: a full pathname (e.g. @samp{-r /dev/ttya}), a +device name in @file{/dev} (e.g. @samp{-r ttya}), or simply the unique +suffix for a specific @code{tty} (e.g. @samp{-r a}). + +@item -O +(An uppercase letter ``O'', not a zero.) Specify that @value{GDBN} should use +the ``old'' Nindy monitor protocol to connect to the target system. +This option is only available when @value{GDBN} is configured for the Intel 960 +target architecture. + +@quotation +@emph{Warning:} if you specify @samp{-O}, but are actually trying to +connect to a target system that expects the newer protocol, the connection +will fail, appearing to be a speed mismatch. @value{GDBN} will repeatedly +attempt to reconnect at several different line speeds. You can abort +this process with an interrupt. +@end quotation + +@item -brk +Specify that @value{GDBN} should first send a @code{BREAK} signal to the target +system, in an attempt to reset it, before connecting to a Nindy target. + +@quotation +@emph{Warning:} Many target systems do not have the hardware that this +requires; it only works with a few boards. +@end quotation +@end table + +The standard @samp{-b} option controls the line speed used on the serial +port. + +@c @group +@node Nindy reset +@subsubsection Nindy Reset Command + +@table @code +@item reset +@kindex reset +For a Nindy target, this command sends a ``break'' to the remote target +system; this is only useful if the target has been equipped with a +circuit to perform a hard reset (or some other interesting action) when +a break is detected. +@end table +@c @end group +@end ifset + +@ifset AMDxxixK +@node EB29K Remote +@subsection @value{GDBN} with a Remote EB29K + +@cindex EB29K board +@cindex running 29K programs + +To use @value{GDBN} from a Unix system to run programs on AMD's EB29K +board in a PC, you must first connect a serial cable between the PC +and a serial port on the Unix system. In the following, we assume +you've hooked the cable between the PC's @file{COM1} port and +@file{/dev/ttya} on the Unix system. + +@menu +* Comms (EB29K):: Communications Setup +* gdb-EB29K:: EB29K cross-debugging +* Remote Log:: Remote Log +@end menu + +@node Comms (EB29K) +@subsubsection Communications Setup + +The next step is to set up the PC's port, by doing something like the +following in DOS on the PC: + +@example +C:\> MODE com1:9600,n,8,1,none +@end example + +@noindent +This example---run on an MS DOS 4.0 system---sets the PC port to 9600 +bps, no parity, eight data bits, one stop bit, and no ``retry'' action; +you must match the communications parameters when establishing the Unix +end of the connection as well. +@c FIXME: Who knows what this "no retry action" crud from the DOS manual may +@c mean? It's optional; leave it out? ---pesch@cygnus.com, 25feb91 + +To give control of the PC to the Unix side of the serial line, type +the following at the DOS console: + +@example +C:\> CTTY com1 +@end example + +@noindent +(Later, if you wish to return control to the DOS console, you can use +the command @code{CTTY con}---but you must send it over the device that +had control, in our example over the @file{COM1} serial line). + +From the Unix host, use a communications program such as @code{tip} or +@code{cu} to communicate with the PC; for example, + +@example +cu -s 9600 -l /dev/ttya +@end example + +@noindent +The @code{cu} options shown specify, respectively, the linespeed and the +serial port to use. If you use @code{tip} instead, your command line +may look something like the following: + +@example +tip -9600 /dev/ttya +@end example + +@noindent +Your system may define a different name where our example uses +@file{/dev/ttya} as the argument to @code{tip}. The communications +parameters, including which port to use, are associated with the +@code{tip} argument in the ``remote'' descriptions file---normally the +system table @file{/etc/remote}. +@c FIXME: What if anything needs doing to match the "n,8,1,none" part of +@c the DOS side's comms setup? cu can support -o (odd +@c parity), -e (even parity)---apparently no settings for no parity or +@c for character size. Taken from stty maybe...? John points out tip +@c can set these as internal variables, eg ~s parity=none; man stty +@c suggests that it *might* work to stty these options with stdin or +@c stdout redirected... ---pesch@cygnus.com, 25feb91 + +@kindex EBMON +Using the @code{tip} or @code{cu} connection, change the DOS working +directory to the directory containing a copy of your 29K program, then +start the PC program @code{EBMON} (an EB29K control program supplied +with your board by AMD). You should see an initial display from +@code{EBMON} similar to the one that follows, ending with the +@code{EBMON} prompt @samp{#}--- + +@example +C:\> G: + +G:\> CD \usr\joe\work29k + +G:\USR\JOE\WORK29K> EBMON +Am29000 PC Coprocessor Board Monitor, version 3.0-18 +Copyright 1990 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. +Written by Gibbons and Associates, Inc. + +Enter '?' or 'H' for help + +PC Coprocessor Type = EB29K +I/O Base = 0x208 +Memory Base = 0xd0000 + +Data Memory Size = 2048KB +Available I-RAM Range = 0x8000 to 0x1fffff +Available D-RAM Range = 0x80002000 to 0x801fffff + +PageSize = 0x400 +Register Stack Size = 0x800 +Memory Stack Size = 0x1800 + +CPU PRL = 0x3 +Am29027 Available = No +Byte Write Available = Yes + +# ~. +@end example + +Then exit the @code{cu} or @code{tip} program (done in the example by +typing @code{~.} at the @code{EBMON} prompt). @code{EBMON} will keep +running, ready for @value{GDBN} to take over. + +For this example, we've assumed what is probably the most convenient +way to make sure the same 29K program is on both the PC and the Unix +system: a PC/NFS connection that establishes ``drive @code{G:}'' on the +PC as a file system on the Unix host. If you do not have PC/NFS or +something similar connecting the two systems, you must arrange some +other way---perhaps floppy-disk transfer---of getting the 29K program +from the Unix system to the PC; @value{GDBN} will @emph{not} download it over the +serial line. + +@node gdb-EB29K +@subsubsection EB29K cross-debugging + +Finally, @code{cd} to the directory containing an image of your 29K +program on the Unix system, and start @value{GDBN}---specifying as argument the +name of your 29K program: + +@example +cd /usr/joe/work29k +@value{GDBP} myfoo +@end example + +Now you can use the @code{target} command: + +@example +target amd-eb /dev/ttya 9600 MYFOO +@c FIXME: test above 'target amd-eb' as spelled, with caps! caps are meant to +@c emphasize that this is the name as seen by DOS (since I think DOS is +@c single-minded about case of letters). ---pesch@cygnus.com, 25feb91 +@end example + +@noindent +In this example, we've assumed your program is in a file called +@file{myfoo}. Note that the filename given as the last argument to +@code{target amd-eb} should be the name of the program as it appears to DOS. +In our example this is simply @code{MYFOO}, but in general it can include +a DOS path, and depending on your transfer mechanism may not resemble +the name on the Unix side. + +At this point, you can set any breakpoints you wish; when you are ready +to see your program run on the 29K board, use the @value{GDBN} command +@code{run}. + +To stop debugging the remote program, use the @value{GDBN} @code{detach} +command. + +To return control of the PC to its console, use @code{tip} or @code{cu} +once again, after your @value{GDBN} session has concluded, to attach to +@code{EBMON}. You can then type the command @code{q} to shut down +@code{EBMON}, returning control to the DOS command-line interpreter. +Type @code{CTTY con} to return command input to the main DOS console, +and type @kbd{~.} to leave @code{tip} or @code{cu}. + +@node Remote Log +@subsubsection Remote Log +@kindex eb.log +@cindex log file for EB29K + +The @code{target amd-eb} command creates a file @file{eb.log} in the +current working directory, to help debug problems with the connection. +@file{eb.log} records all the output from @code{EBMON}, including echoes +of the commands sent to it. Running @samp{tail -f} on this file in +another window often helps to understand trouble with @code{EBMON}, or +unexpected events on the PC side of the connection. + +@end ifset + +@ifset STmm +@node ST2000 Remote +@subsection @value{GDBN} with a Tandem ST2000 + +To connect your ST2000 to the host system, see the manufacturer's +manual. Once the ST2000 is physically attached, you can run + +@example +target st2000 @var{dev} @var{speed} +@end example + +@noindent +to establish it as your debugging environment. + +The @code{load} and @code{attach} commands are @emph{not} defined for +this target; you must load your program into the ST2000 as you normally +would for standalone operation. @value{GDBN} will read debugging information +(such as symbols) from a separate, debugging version of the program +available on your host computer. +@c FIXME!! This is terribly vague; what little content is here is +@c basically hearsay. + +@cindex ST2000 auxiliary commands +These auxiliary @value{GDBN} commands are available to help you with the ST2000 +environment: + +@table @code +@item st2000 @var{command} +@kindex st2000 @var{cmd} +@cindex STDBUG commands (ST2000) +@cindex commands to STDBUG (ST2000) +Send a @var{command} to the STDBUG monitor. See the manufacturer's +manual for available commands. + +@item connect +@cindex connect (to STDBUG) +Connect the controlling terminal to the STDBUG command monitor. When +you are done interacting with STDBUG, typing either of two character +sequences will get you back to the @value{GDBN} command prompt: +@kbd{@key{RET}~.} (Return, followed by tilde and period) or +@kbd{@key{RET}~@key{C-d}} (Return, followed by tilde and control-D). +@end table +@end ifset + +@ifset VXWORKS +@node VxWorks Remote +@subsection @value{GDBN} and VxWorks +@cindex VxWorks + +@value{GDBN} enables developers to spawn and debug tasks running on networked +VxWorks targets from a Unix host. Already-running tasks spawned from +the VxWorks shell can also be debugged. @value{GDBN} uses code that runs on +both the UNIX host and on the VxWorks target. The program +@code{@value{GDBP}} is installed and executed on the UNIX host. + +The following information on connecting to VxWorks was current when +this manual was produced; newer releases of VxWorks may use revised +procedures. + +The remote debugging interface (RDB) routines are installed and executed +on the VxWorks target. These routines are included in the VxWorks library +@file{rdb.a} and are incorporated into the system image when source-level +debugging is enabled in the VxWorks configuration. + +@kindex INCLUDE_RDB +If you wish, you can define @code{INCLUDE_RDB} in the VxWorks +configuration file @file{configAll.h} to include the RDB interface +routines and spawn the source debugging task @code{tRdbTask} when +VxWorks is booted. For more information on configuring and remaking +VxWorks, see the manufacturer's manual. +@c VxWorks, see the @cite{VxWorks Programmer's Guide}. + +Once you have included the RDB interface in your VxWorks system image +and set your Unix execution search path to find @value{GDBN}, you are ready +to run @value{GDBN}. From your UNIX host, type: + +@smallexample +% @value{GDBP} +@end smallexample + +@value{GDBN} will come up showing the prompt: + +@smallexample +(@value{GDBP}) +@end smallexample + +@menu +* VxWorks connection:: Connecting to VxWorks +* VxWorks download:: VxWorks Download +* VxWorks attach:: Running Tasks +@end menu + +@node VxWorks connection +@subsubsection Connecting to VxWorks + +The @value{GDBN} command @code{target} lets you connect to a VxWorks target on the +network. To connect to a target whose host name is ``@code{tt}'', type: + +@smallexample +(@value{GDBP}) target vxworks tt +@end smallexample + +@value{GDBN} will display a message similar to the following: + +@smallexample +Attaching remote machine across net... Success! +@end smallexample + +@value{GDBN} will then attempt to read the symbol tables of any object modules +loaded into the VxWorks target since it was last booted. @value{GDBN} locates +these files by searching the directories listed in the command search +path (@pxref{Environment, ,Your Program's Environment}); if it fails +to find an object file, it will display a message such as: + +@smallexample +prog.o: No such file or directory. +@end smallexample + +This will cause the @code{target} command to abort. When this happens, +you should add the appropriate directory to the search path, with the +@value{GDBN} command @code{path}, and execute the @code{target} command +again. + +@node VxWorks download +@subsubsection VxWorks Download + +@cindex download to VxWorks +If you have connected to the VxWorks target and you want to debug an +object that has not yet been loaded, you can use the @value{GDBN} @code{load} +command to download a file from UNIX to VxWorks incrementally. The +object file given as an argument to the @code{load} command is actually +opened twice: first by the VxWorks target in order to download the code, +then by @value{GDBN} in order to read the symbol table. This can lead to +problems if the current working directories on the two systems differ. +It is simplest to set the working directory on both systems to the +directory in which the object file resides, and then to reference the +file by its name, without any path. Thus, to load a program +@file{prog.o}, residing in @file{wherever/vw/demo/rdb}, on VxWorks type: + +@smallexample +-> cd "wherever/vw/demo/rdb" +@end smallexample + +On @value{GDBN} type: + +@smallexample +(@value{GDBP}) cd wherever/vw/demo/rdb +(@value{GDBP}) load prog.o +@end smallexample + +@value{GDBN} will display a response similar to the following: + +@smallexample +Reading symbol data from wherever/vw/demo/rdb/prog.o... done. +@end smallexample + +You can also use the @code{load} command to reload an object module +after editing and recompiling the corresponding source file. Note that +this will cause @value{GDBN} to delete all currently-defined breakpoints, +auto-displays, and convenience variables, and to clear the value +history. (This is necessary in order to preserve the integrity of +debugger data structures that reference the target system's symbol +table.) + +@node VxWorks attach +@subsubsection Running Tasks + +@cindex running VxWorks tasks +You can also attach to an existing task using the @code{attach} command as +follows: + +@smallexample +(@value{GDBP}) attach @var{task} +@end smallexample + +@noindent +where @var{task} is the VxWorks hexadecimal task ID. The task can be running +or suspended when you attach to it. If running, it will be suspended at +the time of attachment. +@end ifset + +@ifset Hviii +@node Hitachi H8/300 Remote +@subsection @value{GDBN} and the Hitachi H8/300 +@value{GDBN} needs to know these things to talk to your H8/300: + +@enumerate +@item +that you want to use @samp{target hms}, the remote debugging +interface for the H8/300 (this is the default when +GDB is configured specifically for the H8/300); + +@item +what serial device connects your host to your H8/300 (the first serial +device available on your host is the default); + +@ignore +@c this is only for Unix hosts, not currently of interest. +@item +what speed to use over the serial device. +@end ignore +@end enumerate + +@kindex device +@cindex serial device for H8/300 +@ignore +@c only for Unix hosts +Use the special @code{gdb83} command @samp{device @var{port}} if you +need to explicitly set the serial device. The default @var{port} is the +first available port on your host. This is only necessary on Unix +hosts, where it is typically something like @file{/dev/ttya}. + +@kindex speed +@cindex serial line speed for H8/300 +@code{gdb83} has another special command to set the communications speed +for the H8/300: @samp{speed @var{bps}}. This command also is only used +from Unix hosts; on DOS hosts, set the line speed as usual from outside +GDB with the DOS @kbd{mode} command (for instance, @w{@samp{mode +com2:9600,n,8,1,p}} for a 9600 bps connection). +@end ignore + +@value{GDBN} depends on an auxiliary terminate-and-stay-resident program +called @code{asynctsr} to communicate with the H8/300 development board +through a PC serial port. You must also use the DOS @code{mode} command +to set up the serial port on the DOS side. + +The following sample session illustrates the steps needed to start a +program under @value{GDBN} control on your H8/300. The example uses a sample +H8/300 program called @file{t.x}. + +First hook up your H8/300 development board. In this example, we use a +board attached to serial port @code{COM2}; if you use a different serial +port, substitute its name in the argument of the @code{mode} command. +When you call @code{asynctsr}, the auxiliary comms program used by the +degugger, you give it just the numeric part of the serial port's name; +for example, @samp{asyncstr 2} below runs @code{asyncstr} on +@code{COM2}. + +@smallexample +(eg-C:\H8300\TEST) mode com2:9600,n,8,1,p + +Resident portion of MODE loaded + +COM2: 9600, n, 8, 1, p + +(eg-C:\H8300\TEST) asynctsr 2 +@end smallexample + +@quotation +@emph{Warning:} We have noticed a bug in PC-NFS that conflicts with +@code{asynctsr}. If you also run PC-NFS on your DOS host, you may need to +disable it, or even boot without it, to use @code{asynctsr} to control +your H8/300 board. +@end quotation + +Now that serial communications are set up, and the H8/300 is connected, +you can start up @value{GDBN}. Call @code{@value{GDBP}} with the name of your +program as the argument. @code{@value{GDBP}} prompts you, as usual, with the +prompt @samp{(@value{GDBP})}. Use two special commands to begin your debugging +session: @samp{target hms} to specify cross-debugging to the Hitachi board, +and the @code{load} command to download your program to the board. +@code{load} displays the names of the +program's sections, and a @samp{*} for each 2K of data downloaded. (If +you want to refresh @value{GDBN} data on symbols or on the executable file +without downloading, use the @value{GDBN} commands @code{file} or +@code{symbol-file}. These commands, and @code{load} itself, are +described in @ref{Files,,Commands to Specify Files}.) + +@smallexample +(eg-C:\H8300\TEST) @value{GDBP} t.x +GDB is free software and you are welcome to distribute copies + of it under certain conditions; type "show copying" to see + the conditions. +There is absolutely no warranty for GDB; type "show warranty" +for details. +GDB @value{GDBVN}, Copyright 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc... +(gdb) target hms +Connected to remote H8/300 HMS system. +(gdb) load t.x +.text : 0x8000 .. 0xabde *********** +.data : 0xabde .. 0xad30 * +.stack : 0xf000 .. 0xf014 * +@end smallexample + +At this point, you're ready to run or debug your program. From here on, +you can use all the usual @value{GDBN} commands. The @code{break} command +sets breakpoints; the @code{run} command starts your program; +@code{print} or @code{x} display data; the @code{continue} command +resumes execution after stopping at a breakpoint. You can use the +@code{help} command at any time to find out more about @value{GDBN} commands. + +Remember, however, that @emph{operating system} facilities aren't +available on your H8/300; for example, if your program hangs, you can't +send an interrupt---but you can press the @sc{reset} switch! + +Use the @sc{reset} button on the H8/300 board +@itemize @bullet +@item +to interrupt your program (don't use @kbd{ctl-C} on the DOS host---it has +no way to pass an interrupt signal to the H8/300); and + +@item +to return to the @value{GDBN} command prompt after your program finishes +normally. The communications protocol provides no other way for @value{GDBN} +to detect program completion. +@end itemize + +In either case, @value{GDBN} will see the effect of a @sc{reset} on the +H8/300 board as a ``normal exit'' of your program. +@end ifset + +@ifset ZviiiK +@node Z8000 Simulator +@subsection @value{GDBN} and its Zilog Z8000 Simulator + +@cindex simulator, Z8000 +@cindex Zilog Z8000 simulator +When configured for debugging Zilog Z8000 targets, @value{GDBN} includes a Z8000 +simulator. + +@table @code +@item target z8ksim +@kindex z8ksim +This debugging target is a simulator for the Z8002, the unsegmented +variant of the Z8000 architecture. +@end table + +@noindent +After this point, you can debug Z8000 programs in the same style as +programs for your host computer; use the @code{file} command to load a +new program image, the @code{run} command to run your program, and so +on. + +As well as making available all the usual Z8000 registers (see +@code{info reg}), this debugging target provides three additional items +of information as specially named registers: + +@table @code +@item cycles +Counts clock-ticks in the simulator. + +@item insts +Counts instructions run in the simulator. + +@item time +Execution time in 60ths of a second. +@end table + +You can refer to these values in @value{GDBN} expressions with the usual +conventions; for example, @w{@samp{b fputc if $cycles>5000}} sets a +conditional breakpoint that will suspend only after at least 5000 +simulated clock ticks. +@end ifset |