diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'binutils/README')
| -rw-r--r-- | binutils/README | 189 |
1 files changed, 189 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/binutils/README b/binutils/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4b2d277 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/README @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ +These are the GNU binutils. These are utilities of use when dealing +with object files. + +The linker (ld) is in a separate directory, which should be ../ld. +Linker-specific notes are in ../ld/README. + +As of version 2.5, the assembler (as) is also included in this package, in +../gas. Assembler-specific notes can be found in ../gas/README. + +Recent changes are in ./NEWS, ../ld/NEWS, and ../gas/NEWS. + +Unpacking and Installation -- quick overview +============================================ + +When you unpack the binutils-2.9.tar.gz file, you'll get a directory +called something like `binutils-2.9', which contains various files and +directories. Most of the files in the top directory are for +information and for configuration. The actual source code is in +subdirectories. + +To build binutils, you can just do: + + cd binutils-2.9 + ./configure [options] + make + make install # copies the programs files into /usr/local/bin + # by default. + +This will configure and build all the libraries as well as the +assembler, the binutils, and the linker. + +If you have GNU make, we recommend building in a different directory: + + mkdir objdir + cd objdir + ../binutils-2.9/configure [options] + make + make install + +This relies on the VPATH feature of GNU make. + +By default, the binutils will be configured to support the system on +which they are built. When doing cross development, use the --target +configure option to specify a different target. + +The --enable-targets option adds support for more binary file formats +besides the default. List them as the argument to --enable-targets, +separated by commas. For example: + + ./configure --enable-targets=sun3,rs6000-aix,decstation + +The name 'all' compiles in support for all valid BFD targets (this was +the default in releases before 2.3): + + ./configure --enable-targets=all + +You can also specify the --enable-shared option when you run +configure. This will build the BFD and opcodes libraries as shared +libraries. You can use arguments with the --enable-shared option to +indicate that only certain libraries should be built shared; for +example, --enable-shared=bfd. The only potential shared libraries in +a binutils release are bfd and opcodes. + +The binutils will be linked against the shared libraries. The build +step will attempt to place the correct library in the runtime search +path for the binaries. However, in some cases, after you install the +binaries, you may have to set an environment variable, normally +LD_LIBRARY_PATH, so that the system can find the installed libbfd +shared library. + +To build under openVMS/AXP, see the file makefile.vms in the top level +directory. + +If you don't have ar +==================== + +If your system does not already have an ar program, the normal +binutils build process will not work. In this case, run configure as +usual. Before running make, run this script: + +#!/bin/sh +MAKE_PROG="${MAKE-make}" +MAKE="${MAKE_PROG} AR=true LINK=true" +export MAKE +${MAKE} $* all-libiberty +${MAKE} $* all-intl +${MAKE} $* all-bfd +cd binutils +MAKE="${MAKE_PROG}" +export MAKE +${MAKE} $* ar_DEPENDENCIES= ar_LDADD='../bfd/*.o `cat ../libiberty/required-list ../libiberty/needed-list | sed -e "s,\([^ ][^ ]*\),../libiberty/\1,g"` `if test -f ../intl/gettext.o; then echo '../intl/*.o'; fi`' ar + +This script will build an ar program in binutils/ar. Move binutils/ar +into a directory on your PATH. After doing this, you can run make as +usual to build the complete binutils distribution. You do not need +the ranlib program in order to build the distribution. + +Porting +======= + +Binutils-2.9 supports many different architectures, but there +are many more not supported, including some that were supported +by earlier versions. We are hoping for volunteers to +improve this situation. + +The major effort in porting binutils to a new host and/or target +architecture involves the BFD library. There is some documentation +in ../bfd/doc. The file ../gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo (distributed +with gdb-4.x) may also be of help. + +Reporting bugs +============== + +Send bug reports and patches to bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org. Always mention +the version number you are running; this is printed by running any of +the binutils with the --version option. We appreciate reports about +bugs, but we do not promise to fix them. + +VMS +=== + +This section was written by Klaus K"ampf <kkaempf@rmi.de>. It +describes how to build and install the binutils on openVMS (Alpha and +Vax). (The BFD library only supports reading Vax object files.) + +Compiling the release: + +To compile the gnu binary utilities and the gnu assembler, you'll +need DEC C or GNU C for openVMS/Alpha. You'll need *both* compilers +on openVMS/Vax. + +Compiling with either DEC C or GNU C works on openVMS/Alpha only. Some +of the opcodes and binutils files trap a bug in the DEC C optimizer, +so these files must be compiled with /noopt. + +Compiling on openVMS/Vax is a bit complicated, as the bfd library traps +a bug in GNU C and the gnu assembler a bug in (my version of) DEC C. + +I never tried compiling with VAX C. + + +You further need GNU Make Version 3.76 or later. This is available +at ftp.progis.de or any GNU archive site. The makefiles assume that +gmake starts gnu make as a foreign command. + +If you're compiling with DEC C or VAX C, you must run + + $ @setup + +before starting gnu-make. This isn't needed with GNU C. + +On the Alpha you can choose the compiler by editing the toplevel +makefile.vms. Either select CC=cc (for DEC C) or CC=gcc (for GNU C) + + +Installing the release + +Provided that your directory setup conforms to the GNU on openVMS +standard, you already have a concealed deviced named 'GNU_ROOT'. +In this case, a simple + + $ gmake install + +suffices to copy all programs and libraries to the proper directories. + +Define the programs as foreign commands by adding these lines to your +login.com: + + $ gas :== $GNU_ROOT:[bin]as.exe + $ size :== $GNU_ROOT:[bin]size.exe + $ nm :== $GNU_ROOT:[bin]nm.exe + $ objdump :== $GNU_ROOT:[bin]objdump.exe + $ strings :== $GNU_ROOT:[bin]strings.exe + +If you have a different directory setup, copy the binary utilities +([.binutils]size.exe, [.binutils]nm.exe, [.binutils]objdump.exe, +and [.binutils]strings.exe) and the gnu assembler and preprocessor +([.gas]as.exe and [.gas]gasp.exe]) to a directory of your choice +and define all programs as foreign commands. + + +If you're satiesfied with the compilation, you may want to remove +unneeded objects and libraries: + + $ gmake clean + + +If you have any problems or questions about the binutils on VMS, feel +free to mail me at kkaempf@rmi.de. |