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author | K. Richard Pixley <rich@cygnus> | 1992-12-08 04:59:31 +0000 |
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committer | K. Richard Pixley <rich@cygnus> | 1992-12-08 04:59:31 +0000 |
commit | 43bbd567f2d928b2628e508ee9c75a3920e26b4d (patch) | |
tree | 21f1ab246e1a3f963e73c3662bc1d44f591349a1 /readline/doc | |
parent | a362ee23634a2f9ce9642eab09592e8ff6ae509b (diff) | |
download | gdb-43bbd567f2d928b2628e508ee9c75a3920e26b4d.zip gdb-43bbd567f2d928b2628e508ee9c75a3920e26b4d.tar.gz gdb-43bbd567f2d928b2628e508ee9c75a3920e26b4d.tar.bz2 |
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diff --git a/readline/doc/history.info b/readline/doc/history.info deleted file mode 100644 index df7651d..0000000 --- a/readline/doc/history.info +++ /dev/null @@ -1,514 +0,0 @@ -Info file history.info, produced by Makeinfo, -*- Text -*- from input -file hist.texinfo. - - This document describes the GNU History library, a programming tool -that provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines of -previously typed input. - - Copyright (C) 1988, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - - Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -pare preserved on all copies. - - Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of -this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that -the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - - Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a -translation approved by the Foundation. - - -File: history.info, Node: Top, Next: Using History Interactively, Prev: (DIR), Up: (DIR) - -GNU History Library -******************* - - This document describes the GNU History library, a programming tool -that provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines of -previously typed input. - -* Menu: - -* Using History Interactively:: GNU History User's Manual. -* Programming with GNU History:: GNU History Programmer's Manual. -* Concept Index:: Index of concepts described in this manual. -* Function and Variable Index:: Index of externally visible functions - and variables. - - -File: history.info, Node: Using History Interactively, Next: Programming with GNU History, Prev: Top, Up: Top - -Using History Interactively -*************************** - - This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library -interactively, from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a -user's guide. For information on using the GNU History Library in -your own programs, *note Programming with GNU History::.. - -* Menu: - -* History Interaction:: What it feels like using History as a user. - - -File: history.info, Node: History Interaction, Up: Using History Interactively - -History Interaction -=================== - - The History library provides a history expansion feature that is -similar to the history expansion in Csh. The following text describes -the sytax that you use to manipulate the history information. - - History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to -determine which line from the previous history should be used during -substitution. The second is to select portions of that line for -inclusion into the current one. The line selected from the previous -history is called the "event", and the portions of that line that are -acted upon are called "words". The line is broken into words in the -same fashion that the Bash shell does, so that several English (or -Unix) words surrounded by quotes are considered as one word. - -* Menu: - -* Event Designators:: How to specify which history line to use. -* Word Designators:: Specifying which words are of interest. -* Modifiers:: Modifying the results of susbstitution. - - -File: history.info, Node: Event Designators, Next: Word Designators, Up: History Interaction - -Event Designators ------------------ - - An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the -history list. - -`!' - Start a history subsititution, except when followed by a space, - tab, or the end of the line... = or (. - -`!!' - Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for `!-1'. - -`!n' - Refer to command line N. - -`!-n' - Refer to the command line N lines back. - -`!string' - Refer to the most recent command starting with STRING. - -`!?string'[`?'] - Refer to the most recent command containing STRING. - - -File: history.info, Node: Word Designators, Next: Modifiers, Prev: Event Designators, Up: History Interaction - -Word Designators ----------------- - - A : separates the event specification from the word designator. It -can be omitted if the word designator begins with a ^, $, * or %. -Words are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word -being denoted by a 0 (zero). - -`0 (zero)' - The zero'th word. For many applications, this is the command - word. - -`n' - The N'th word. - -`^' - The first argument. that is, word 1. - -`$' - The last argument. - -`%' - The word matched by the most recent `?string?' search. - -`x-y' - A range of words; `-Y' Abbreviates `0-Y'. - -`*' - All of the words, excepting the zero'th. This is a synonym for - `1-$'. It is not an error to use * if there is just one word in - the event. The empty string is returned in that case. - - -File: history.info, Node: Modifiers, Prev: Word Designators, Up: History Interaction - -Modifiers ---------- - - After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one -or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a :. - -`#' - The entire command line typed so far. This means the current - command, not the previous command, so it really isn't a word - designator, and doesn't belong in this section. - -`h' - Remove a trailing pathname component, leaving only the head. - -`r' - Remove a trailing suffix of the form `.'SUFFIX, leaving the - basename. - -`e' - Remove all but the suffix. - -`t' - Remove all leading pathname components, leaving the tail. - -`p' - Print the new command but do not execute it. - - -File: history.info, Node: Programming with GNU History, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Using History Interactively, Up: Top - -Programming with GNU History -**************************** - - This chapter describes how to interface the GNU History Library with -programs that you write. It should be considered a technical guide. -For information on the interactive use of GNU History, *note Using -History Interactively::.. - -* Menu: - -* Introduction to History:: What is the GNU History library for? -* History Storage:: How information is stored. -* History Functions:: Functions that you can use. -* History Variables:: Variables that control behaviour. -* History Programming Example:: Example of using the GNU History Library. - - -File: history.info, Node: Introduction to History, Next: History Storage, Up: Programming with GNU History - -Introduction to History -======================= - - Many programs read input from the user a line at a time. The GNU -history library is able to keep track of those lines, associate -arbitrary data with each line, and utilize information from previous -lines in making up new ones. - - The programmer using the History library has available to him -functions for remembering lines on a history stack, associating -arbitrary data with a line, removing lines from the stack, searching -through the stack for a line containing an arbitrary text string, and -referencing any line on the stack directly. In addition, a history -"expansion" function is available which provides for a consistent user -interface across many different programs. - - The end-user using programs written with the History library has the -benifit of a consistent user interface, with a set of well-known -commands for manipulating the text of previous lines and using that -text in new commands. The basic history manipulation commands are -similar to the history substitution used by `Csh'. - - If the programmer desires, he can use the Readline library, which -includes some history manipulation by default, and has the added -advantage of Emacs style command line editing. - - -File: history.info, Node: History Storage, Next: History Functions, Prev: Introduction to History, Up: Programming with GNU History - -History Storage -=============== - - typedef struct _hist_entry { - char *line; - char *data; - } HIST_ENTRY; - - -File: history.info, Node: History Functions, Next: History Variables, Prev: History Storage, Up: Programming with GNU History - -History Functions -================= - - This section describes the calling sequence for the various -functions present in GNU History. - - * Function: void using_history () - Begin a session in which the history functions might be used. - This just initializes the interactive variables. - - * Function: void add_history (CHAR *STRING) - Place STRING at the end of the history list. The associated data - field (if any) is set to `NULL'. - - * Function: int where_history () - Returns the number which says what history element we are now - looking at. - - * Function: int history_set_pos (INT POS) - Set the position in the history list to POS. - - * Function: int history_search_pos (CHAR *STRING, INT DIRECTION, INT - POS) - Search for STRING in the history list, starting at POS, an - absolute index into the list. DIRECTION, if negative, says to - search backwards from POS, else forwards. Returns the absolute - index of the history element where STRING was found, or -1 - otherwise. - - * Function: HIST_ENTRY *remove_history (); - Remove history element WHICH from the history. The removed - element is returned to you so you can free the line, data, and - containing structure. - - * Function: void stifle_history (INT MAX) - Stifle the history list, remembering only MAX number of entries. - - * Function: int unstifle_history (); - Stop stifling the history. This returns the previous amount the - history was stifled by. The value is positive if the history was - stifled, negative if it wasn't. - - * Function: int read_history (CHAR *FILENAME) - Add the contents of FILENAME to the history list, a line at a - time. If FILENAME is `NULL', then read from `~/.history'. - Returns 0 if successful, or errno if not. - - * Function: int read_history_range (CHAR *FILENAME, INT FROM, INT TO) - Read a range of lines from FILENAME, adding them to the history - list. Start reading at the FROM'th line and end at the TO'th. If - FROM is zero, start at the beginning. If TO is less than FROM, - then read until the end of the file. If FILENAME is `NULL', then - read from `~/.history'. Returns 0 if successful, or `errno' if - not. - - * Function: int write_history (CHAR *FILENAME) - Append the current history to FILENAME. If FILENAME is `NULL', - then append the history list to `~/.history'. Values returned - are as in `read_history ()'. - - * Function: int append_history (INT NELEMENTS, CHAR *FILENAME) - Append NELEMENT entries to FILENAME. The entries appended are - from the end of the list minus NELEMENTS up to the end of the - list. - - * Function: HIST_ENTRY *replace_history_entry () - Make the history entry at WHICH have LINE and DATA. This returns - the old entry so you can dispose of the data. In the case of an - invalid WHICH, a `NULL' pointer is returned. - - * Function: HIST_ENTRY *current_history () - Return the history entry at the current position, as determined by - `history_offset'. If there is no entry there, return a `NULL' - pointer. - - * Function: HIST_ENTRY *previous_history () - Back up HISTORY_OFFSET to the previous history entry, and return a - pointer to that entry. If there is no previous entry, return a - `NULL' pointer. - - * Function: HIST_ENTRY *next_history () - Move `history_offset' forward to the next history entry, and - return the a pointer to that entry. If there is no next entry, - return a `NULL' pointer. - - * Function: HIST_ENTRY **history_list () - Return a `NULL' terminated array of `HIST_ENTRY' which is the - current input history. Element 0 of this list is the beginning - of time. If there is no history, return `NULL'. - - * Function: int history_search (CHAR *STRING, INT DIRECTION) - Search the history for STRING, starting at `history_offset'. If - DIRECTION < 0, then the search is through previous entries, else - through subsequent. If STRING is found, then `current_history - ()' is the history entry, and the value of this function is the - offset in the line of that history entry that the STRING was - found in. Otherwise, nothing is changed, and a -1 is returned. - - * Function: int history_expand (CHAR *STRING, CHAR **OUTPUT) - Expand STRING, placing the result into OUTPUT, a pointer to a - string. Returns: - - `0' - If no expansions took place (or, if the only change in the - text was the de-slashifying of the history expansion - character), - - `1' - if expansions did take place, or - - `-1' - if there was an error in expansion. - - If an error ocurred in expansion, then OUTPUT contains a - descriptive error message. - - * Function: char *history_arg_extract (INT FIRST, INT LAST, CHAR - *STRING) - Extract a string segment consisting of the FIRST through LAST - arguments present in STRING. Arguments are broken up as in the - GNU Bash shell. - - * Function: int history_total_bytes (); - Return the number of bytes that the primary history entries are - using. This just adds up the lengths of `the_history->lines'. - - -File: history.info, Node: History Variables, Next: History Programming Example, Prev: History Functions, Up: Programming with GNU History - -History Variables -================= - - This section describes the variables in GNU History that are -externally visible. - - * Variable: int history_base - For convenience only. You set this when interpreting history - commands. It is the logical offset of the first history element. - - -File: history.info, Node: History Programming Example, Prev: History Variables, Up: Programming with GNU History - -History Programming Example -=========================== - - The following snippet of code demonstrates simple use of the GNU -History Library. - - main () - { - char line[1024], *t; - int done = 0; - - line[0] = 0; - - while (!done) - { - fprintf (stdout, "history%% "); - t = gets (line); - - if (!t) - strcpy (line, "quit"); - - if (line[0]) - { - char *expansion; - int result; - - using_history (); - - result = history_expand (line, &expansion); - strcpy (line, expansion); - free (expansion); - if (result) - fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", line); - - if (result < 0) - continue; - - add_history (line); - } - - if (strcmp (line, "quit") == 0) done = 1; - if (strcmp (line, "save") == 0) write_history (0); - if (strcmp (line, "read") == 0) read_history (0); - if (strcmp (line, "list") == 0) - { - register HIST_ENTRY **the_list = history_list (); - register int i; - - if (the_list) - for (i = 0; the_list[i]; i++) - fprintf (stdout, "%d: %s\n", - i + history_base, the_list[i]->line); - } - if (strncmp (line, "delete", strlen ("delete")) == 0) - { - int which; - if ((sscanf (line + strlen ("delete"), "%d", &which)) == 1) - { - HIST_ENTRY *entry = remove_history (which); - if (!entry) - fprintf (stderr, "No such entry %d\n", which); - else - { - free (entry->line); - free (entry); - } - } - else - { - fprintf (stderr, "non-numeric arg given to `delete'\n"); - } - } - } - } - - -File: history.info, Node: Concept Index, Next: Function and Variable Index, Prev: Programming with GNU History, Up: Top - -Concept Index -************* - -* Menu: - -* event designators: Event Designators. -* expansion: History Interaction. - - -File: history.info, Node: Function and Variable Index, Prev: Concept Index, Up: Top - -Function and Variable Index -*************************** - -* Menu: - -* HIST_ENTRY **history_list: History Functions. -* HIST_ENTRY *current_history: History Functions. -* HIST_ENTRY *next_history: History Functions. -* HIST_ENTRY *previous_history: History Functions. -* HIST_ENTRY *remove_history: History Functions. -* HIST_ENTRY *replace_history_entry: History Functions. -* char *history_arg_extract: History Functions. -* int append_history: History Functions. -* int history_base: History Variables. -* int history_expand: History Functions. -* int history_search: History Functions. -* int history_search_pos: History Functions. -* int history_set_pos: History Functions. -* int history_total_bytes: History Functions. -* int read_history: History Functions. -* int read_history_range: History Functions. -* int unstifle_history: History Functions. -* int where_history: History Functions. -* int write_history: History Functions. -* void add_history: History Functions. -* void stifle_history: History Functions. -* void using_history: History Functions. - - - -Tag Table: -Node: Top973 -Node: Using History Interactively1567 -Node: History Interaction2075 -Node: Event Designators3127 -Node: Word Designators3770 -Node: Modifiers4676 -Node: Programming with GNU History5425 -Node: Introduction to History6152 -Node: History Storage7502 -Node: History Functions7766 -Node: History Variables13063 -Node: History Programming Example13499 -Node: Concept Index15744 -Node: Function and Variable Index16030 - -End Tag Table diff --git a/readline/doc/readline.info b/readline/doc/readline.info deleted file mode 100644 index a93489f..0000000 --- a/readline/doc/readline.info +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1720 +0,0 @@ -Info file readline.info, produced by Makeinfo, -*- Text -*- from input -file rlman.texinfo. - - This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility which -aids in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs -that need to provide a command line interface. - - Copyright (C) 1988, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - - Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -pare preserved on all copies. - - Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of -this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that -the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - - Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a -translation approved by the Foundation. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Top, Next: Command Line Editing, Prev: (DIR), Up: (DIR) - -GNU Readline Library -******************** - - This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility which -aids in the consistency of user interface across discrete programs -that need to provide a command line interface. - -* Menu: - -* Command Line Editing:: GNU Readline User's Manual. -* Programming with GNU Readline:: GNU Readline Programmer's Manual. -* Concept Index:: Index of concepts described in this manual. -* Function and Variable Index:: Index of externally visible functions - and variables. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Command Line Editing, Next: Programming with GNU Readline, Prev: Top, Up: Top - -Command Line Editing -******************** - - This text describes GNU's command line editing interface. - -* Menu: - -* Introduction and Notation:: Notation used in this text. -* Readline Interaction:: The minimum set of commands for editing a line. -* Readline Init File:: Customizing Readline from a user's view. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Introduction and Notation, Next: Readline Interaction, Up: Command Line Editing - -Introduction to Line Editing -============================ - - The following paragraphs describe the notation we use to represent -keystrokes. - - The text C-k is read as `Control-K' and describes the character -produced when the Control key is depressed and the k key is struck. - - The text M-k is read as `Meta-K' and describes the character -produced when the meta key (if you have one) is depressed, and the k -key is struck. If you do not have a meta key, the identical keystroke -can be generated by typing ESC first, and then typing k. Either -process is known as "metafying" the k key. - - The text M-C-k is read as `Meta-Control-k' and describes the -character produced by "metafying" C-k. - - In addition, several keys have their own names. Specifically, DEL, -ESC, LFD, SPC, RET, and TAB all stand for themselves when seen in this -text, or in an init file (*note Readline Init File::., for more info). - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Interaction, Next: Readline Init File, Prev: Introduction and Notation, Up: Command Line Editing - -Readline Interaction -==================== - - Often during an interactive session you type in a long line of text, -only to notice that the first word on the line is misspelled. The -Readline library gives you a set of commands for manipulating the text -as you type it in, allowing you to just fix your typo, and not forcing -you to retype the majority of the line. Using these editing commands, -you move the cursor to the place that needs correction, and delete or -insert the text of the corrections. Then, when you are satisfied with -the line, you simply press RETURN. You do not have to be at the end -of the line to press RETURN; the entire line is accepted regardless of -the location of the cursor within the line. - -* Menu: - -* Readline Bare Essentials:: The least you need to know about Readline. -* Readline Movement Commands:: Moving about the input line. -* Readline Killing Commands:: How to delete text, and how to get it back! -* Readline Arguments:: Giving numeric arguments to commands. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Bare Essentials, Next: Readline Movement Commands, Up: Readline Interaction - -Readline Bare Essentials ------------------------- - - In order to enter characters into the line, simply type them. The -typed character appears where the cursor was, and then the cursor -moves one space to the right. If you mistype a character, you can use -DEL to back up, and delete the mistyped character. - - Sometimes you may miss typing a character that you wanted to type, -and not notice your error until you have typed several other -characters. In that case, you can type C-b to move the cursor to the -left, and then correct your mistake. Aftwerwards, you can move the -cursor to the right with C-f. - - When you add text in the middle of a line, you will notice that -characters to the right of the cursor get `pushed over' to make room -for the text that you have inserted. Likewise, when you delete text -behind the cursor, characters to the right of the cursor get `pulled -back' to fill in the blank space created by the removal of the text. -A list of the basic bare essentials for editing the text of an input -line follows. - -C-b - Move back one character. - -C-f - Move forward one character. - -DEL - Delete the character to the left of the cursor. - -C-d - Delete the character underneath the cursor. - -Printing characters - Insert itself into the line at the cursor. - -C-_ - Undo the last thing that you did. You can undo all the way back - to an empty line. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Movement Commands, Next: Readline Killing Commands, Prev: Readline Bare Essentials, Up: Readline Interaction - -Readline Movement Commands --------------------------- - - The above table describes the most basic possible keystrokes that -you need in order to do editing of the input line. For your -convenience, many other commands have been added in addition to C-b, -C-f, C-d, and DEL. Here are some commands for moving more rapidly -about the line. - -C-a - Move to the start of the line. - -C-e - Move to the end of the line. - -M-f - Move forward a word. - -M-b - Move backward a word. - -C-l - Clear the screen, reprinting the current line at the top. - - Notice how C-f moves forward a character, while M-f moves forward a -word. It is a loose convention that control keystrokes operate on -characters while meta keystrokes operate on words. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Killing Commands, Next: Readline Arguments, Prev: Readline Movement Commands, Up: Readline Interaction - -Readline Killing Commands -------------------------- - - The act of "cutting" text means to delete the text from the line, -and to save away the deleted text for later use, just as if you had -cut the text out of the line with a pair of scissors. There is a - - "Killing" text means to delete the text from the line, but to save -it away for later use, usually by "yanking" it back into the line. If -the description for a command says that it `kills' text, then you can -be sure that you can get the text back in a different (or the same) -place later. - - Here is the list of commands for killing text. - -C-k - Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the - line. - -M-d - Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between - words, to the end of the next word. - -M-DEL - Kill fromthe cursor the start of the previous word, or if between - words, to the start of the previous word. - -C-w - Kill from the cursor to the previous whitespace. This is - different than M-DEL because the word boundaries differ. - - And, here is how to "yank" the text back into the line. Yanking is - -C-y - Yank the most recently killed text back into the buffer at the - cursor. - -M-y - Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this - if the prior command is C-y or M-y. - - When you use a kill command, the text is saved in a "kill-ring". -Any number of consecutive kills save all of the killed text together, -so that when you yank it back, you get it in one clean sweep. The kill -ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously -typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing -another line. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Arguments, Prev: Readline Killing Commands, Up: Readline Interaction - -Readline Arguments ------------------- - - You can pass numeric arguments to Readline commands. Sometimes the -argument acts as a repeat count, other times it is the sign of the -argument that is significant. If you pass a negative argument to a -command which normally acts in a forward direction, that command will -act in a backward direction. For example, to kill text back to the -start of the line, you might type M-- C-k. - - The general way to pass numeric arguments to a command is to type -meta digits before the command. If the first `digit' you type is a -minus sign (-), then the sign of the argument will be negative. Once -you have typed one meta digit to get the argument started, you can type -the remainder of the digits, and then the command. For example, to -give the C-d command an argument of 10, you could type M-1 0 C-d. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Init File, Prev: Readline Interaction, Up: Command Line Editing - -Readline Init File -================== - - Although the Readline library comes with a set of Emacs-like -keybindings, it is possible that you would like to use a different set -of keybindings. You can customize programs that use Readline by -putting commands in an "init" file in your home directory. The name -of this file is `~/.inputrc'. - - When a program which uses the Readline library starts up, the -`~/.inputrc' file is read, and the keybindings are set. - - In addition, the `C-x C-r' command re-reads this init file, thus -incorporating any changes that you might have made to it. - -* Menu: - -* Readline Init Syntax:: Syntax for the commands in `~/.inputrc'. -* Readline Vi Mode:: Switching to `vi' mode in Readline. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Init Syntax, Next: Readline Vi Mode, Up: Readline Init File - -Readline Init Syntax --------------------- - - There are only four constructs allowed in the `~/.inputrc' file: - -Variable Settings - You can change the state of a few variables in Readline. You do - this by using the `set' command within the init file. Here is - how you would specify that you wish to use Vi line editing - commands: - - set editing-mode vi - - Right now, there are only a few variables which can be set; so - few in fact, that we just iterate them here: - - `editing-mode' - The `editing-mode' variable controls which editing mode you - are using. By default, GNU Readline starts up in Emacs - editing mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to - Emacs. This variable can either be set to `emacs' or `vi'. - - `horizontal-scroll-mode' - This variable can either be set to `On' or `Off'. Setting it - to `On' means that the text of the lines that you edit will - scroll horizontally on a single screen line when they are - larger than the width of the screen, instead of wrapping - onto a new screen line. By default, this variable is set to - `Off'. - - `mark-modified-lines' - This variable when set to `On', says to display an asterisk - (`*') at the starts of history lines which have been - modified. This variable is off by default. - - `prefer-visible-bell' - If this variable is set to `On' it means to use a visible - bell if one is available, rather than simply ringing the - terminal bell. By default, the value is `Off'. - -Key Bindings - The syntax for controlling keybindings in the `~/.inputrc' file is - simple. First you have to know the name of the command that you - want to change. The following pages contain tables of the - command name, the default keybinding, and a short description of - what the command does. - - Once you know the name of the command, simply place the name of - the key you wish to bind the command to, a colon, and then the - name of the command on a line in the `~/.inputrc' file. The name - of the key can be expressed in different ways, depending on which - is most comfortable for you. - - KEYNAME: FUNCTION-NAME or MACRO - KEYNAME is the name of a key spelled out in English. For - example: - - Control-u: universal-argument - Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word - Control-o: ">&output" - - In the above example, `C-u' is bound to the function - `universal-argument', and `C-o' is bound to run the macro - expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text - `>&output' into the line). - - "KEYSEQ": FUNCTION-NAME or MACRO - KEYSEQ differs from KEYNAME above in that strings denoting - an entire key sequence can be specified. Simply place the - key sequence in double quotes. GNU Emacs style key escapes - can be used, as in the following example: - - "\C-u": universal-argument - "\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file - "\e[11~": "Function Key 1" - - In the above example, `C-u' is bound to the function - `universal-argument' (just as it was in the first example), - `C-x C-r' is bound to the function `re-read-init-file', and - `ESC [ 1 1 ~' is bound to insert the text `Function Key 1'. - -* Menu: - -* Commands For Moving:: Moving about the line. -* Commands For History:: Getting at previous lines. -* Commands For Text:: Commands for changing text. -* Commands For Killing:: Commands for killing and yanking. -* Numeric Arguments:: Specifying numeric arguments, repeat counts. -* Commands For Completion:: Getting Readline to do the typing for you. -* Miscellaneous Commands:: Other miscillaneous commands. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Commands For Moving, Next: Commands For History, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Commands For Moving -................... - -`beginning-of-line (C-a)' - Move to the start of the current line. - -`end-of-line (C-e)' - Move to the end of the line. - -`forward-char (C-f)' - Move forward a character. - -`backward-char (C-b)' - Move back a character. - -`forward-word (M-f)' - Move forward to the end of the next word. - -`backward-word (M-b)' - Move back to the start of this, or the previous, word. - -`clear-screen (C-l)' - Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the - screen. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Commands For History, Next: Commands For Text, Prev: Commands For Moving, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Commands For Manipulating The History -..................................... - -`accept-line (Newline, Return)' - Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line - is non-empty, add it to the history list. If this line was a - history line, then restore the history line to its original state. - -`previous-history (C-p)' - Move `up' through the history list. - -`next-history (C-n)' - Move `down' through the history list. - -`beginning-of-history (M-<)' - Move to the first line in the history. - -`end-of-history (M->)' - Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line you are - entering! - -`reverse-search-history (C-r)' - Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' - through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. - -`forward-search-history (C-s)' - Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' - through the the history as neccessary. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Commands For Text, Next: Commands For Killing, Prev: Commands For History, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Commands For Changing Text -.......................... - -`delete-char (C-d)' - Delete the character under the cursor. If the cursor is at the - beginning of the line, and there are no characters in the line, - and the last character typed was not C-d, then return EOF. - -`backward-delete-char (Rubout)' - Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric arg says to - kill the characters instead of deleting them. - -`quoted-insert (C-q, C-v)' - Add the next character that you type to the line verbatim. This - is how to insert things like C-q for example. - -`tab-insert (M-TAB)' - Insert a tab character. - -`self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...)' - Insert yourself. - -`transpose-chars (C-t)' - Drag the character before point forward over the character at - point. Point moves forward as well. If point is at the end of - the line, then transpose the two characters before point. - Negative args don't work. - -`transpose-words (M-t)' - Drag the word behind the cursor past the word in front of the - cursor moving the cursor over that word as well. - -`upcase-word (M-u)' - Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative - argument, do the previous word, but do not move point. - -`downcase-word (M-l)' - Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative - argument, do the previous word, but do not move point. - -`capitalize-word (M-c)' - Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative - argument, do the previous word, but do not move point. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Commands For Killing, Next: Numeric Arguments, Prev: Commands For Text, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Killing And Yanking -................... - -`kill-line (C-k)' - Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the - line. - -`backward-kill-line ()' - Kill backward to the beginning of the line. This is normally - unbound. - -`kill-word (M-d)' - Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between - words, to the end of the next word. - -`backward-kill-word (M-DEL)' - Kill the word behind the cursor. - -`unix-line-discard (C-u)' - Do what C-u used to do in Unix line input. We save the killed - text on the kill-ring, though. - -`unix-word-rubout (C-w)' - Do what C-w used to do in Unix line input. The killed text is - saved on the kill-ring. This is different than - backward-kill-word because the word boundaries differ. - -`yank (C-y)' - Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point. - -`yank-pop (M-y)' - Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this - if the prior command is yank or yank-pop. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Numeric Arguments, Next: Commands For Completion, Prev: Commands For Killing, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Specifying Numeric Arguments -............................ - -`digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--)' - Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a - new argument. M-- starts a negative argument. - -`universal-argument ()' - Do what C-u does in emacs. By default, this is not bound. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Commands For Completion, Next: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Numeric Arguments, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Letting Readline Type For You -............................. - -`complete (TAB)' - Attempt to do completion on the text before point. This is - implementation defined. Generally, if you are typing a filename - argument, you can do filename completion; if you are typing a - command, you can do command completion, if you are typing in a - symbol to GDB, you can do symbol name completion, if you are - typing in a variable to Bash, you can do variable name - completion... - -`possible-completions (M-?)' - List the possible completions of the text before point. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Commands For Completion, Up: Readline Init Syntax - -Some Miscellaneous Commands -........................... - -`re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)' - Read in the contents of your `~/.inputrc' file, and incorporate - any bindings found there. - -`abort (C-g)' - Ding! Stops things. - -`do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, ...)' - Run the command that is bound to your uppercase brother. - -`prefix-meta (ESC)' - Make the next character that you type be metafied. This is for - people without a meta key. Typing `ESC f' is equivalent to typing - `M-f'. - -`undo (C-_)' - Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. - -`revert-line (M-r)' - Undo all changes made to this line. This is like typing the - `undo' command enough times to get back to the beginning. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Readline Vi Mode, Prev: Readline Init Syntax, Up: Readline Init File - -Readline Vi Mode ----------------- - - While the Readline library does not have a full set of Vi editing -functions, it does contain enough to allow simple editing of the line. - - In order to switch interactively between Emacs and Vi editing -modes, use the command M-C-j (toggle-editing-mode). - - When you enter a line in Vi mode, you are already placed in -`insertion' mode, as if you had typed an `i'. Pressing ESC switches -you into `edit' mode, where you can edit the text of the line with the -standard Vi movement keys, move to previous history lines with `k', -and following lines with `j', and so forth. - - This document describes the GNU Readline Library, a utility for -aiding in the consitency of user interface across discrete programs -that need to provide a command line interface. - - Copyright (C) 1988 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - - Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -pare preserved on all copies. - - Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of -this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that -the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - - Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a -translation approved by the Foundation. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Programming with GNU Readline, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Command Line Editing, Up: Top - -Programming with GNU Readline -***************************** - - This manual describes the interface between the GNU Readline -Library and user programs. If you are a programmer, and you wish to -include the features found in GNU Readline in your own programs, such -as completion, line editing, and interactive history manipulation, -this documentation is for you. - -* Menu: - -* Default Behaviour:: Using the default behaviour of Readline. -* Custom Functions:: Adding your own functions to Readline. -* Custom Completers:: Supplanting or supplementing Readline's - completion functions. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Default Behaviour, Next: Custom Functions, Up: Programming with GNU Readline - -Default Behaviour -================= - - Many programs provide a command line interface, such as `mail', -`ftp', and `sh'. For such programs, the default behaviour of Readline -is sufficient. This section describes how to use Readline in the -simplest way possible, perhaps to replace calls in your code to `gets -()'. - - The function `readline' prints a prompt and then reads and returns -a single line of text from the user. The line which `readline ()' -returns is allocated with `malloc ()'; you should `free ()' the line -when you are done with it. The declaration for `readline' in ANSI C is - - `char *readline (char *PROMPT);' - - So, one might say - - `char *line = readline ("Enter a line: ");' - - in order to read a line of text from the user. - - The line which is returned has the final newline removed, so only -the text of the line remains. - - If readline encounters an `EOF' while reading the line, and the -line is empty at that point, then `(char *)NULL' is returned. -Otherwise, the line is ended just as if a newline was typed. - - If you want the user to be able to get at the line later, (with C-p -for example), you must call `add_history ()' to save the line away in -a "history" list of such lines. - - `add_history (line)'; - - For full details on the GNU History Library, see the associated -manual. - - It is polite to avoid saving empty lines on the history list, since -it is rare than someone has a burning need to reuse a blank line. -Here is a function which usefully replaces the standard `gets ()' -library function: - - /* A static variable for holding the line. */ - static char *line_read = (char *)NULL; - - /* Read a string, and return a pointer to it. Returns NULL on EOF. */ - char * - do_gets () - { - /* If the buffer has already been allocated, return the memory - to the free pool. */ - if (line_read != (char *)NULL) - { - free (line_read); - line_read = (char *)NULL; - } - - /* Get a line from the user. */ - line_read = readline (""); - - /* If the line has any text in it, save it on the history. */ - if (line_read && *line_read) - add_history (line_read); - - return (line_read); - } - - The above code gives the user the default behaviour of TAB -completion: completion on file names. If you do not want readline to -complete on filenames, you can change the binding of the TAB key with -`rl_bind_key ()'. - - `int rl_bind_key (int KEY, (int (*)())FUNCTION);' - - `rl_bind_key ()' takes 2 arguments; KEY is the character that you -want to bind, and FUNCTION is the address of the function to run when -KEY is pressed. Binding TAB to `rl_insert ()' makes TAB just insert -itself. - - `rl_bind_key ()' returns non-zero if KEY is not a valid ASCII -character code (between 0 and 255). - - `rl_bind_key ('\t', rl_insert);' - - This code should be executed once at the start of your program; you -might write a function called `initialize_readline ()' which performs -this and other desired initializations, such as installing custom -completers, etc. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Custom Functions, Next: Custom Completers, Prev: Default Behaviour, Up: Programming with GNU Readline - -Custom Functions -================ - - Readline provides a great many functions for manipulating the text -of the line. But it isn't possible to anticipate the needs of all -programs. This section describes the various functions and variables -defined in within the Readline library which allow a user program to -add customized functionality to Readline. - -* Menu: - -* The Function Type:: C declarations to make code readable. -* Function Naming:: How to give a function you write a name. -* Keymaps:: Making keymaps. -* Binding Keys:: Changing Keymaps. -* Function Writing:: Variables and calling conventions. -* Allowing Undoing:: How to make your functions undoable. - - -File: readline.info, Node: The Function Type, Next: Function Naming, Up: Custom Functions - -The Function Type ------------------ - - For the sake of readabilty, we declare a new type of object, called -"Function". A `Function' is a C language function which returns an -`int'. The type declaration for `Function' is: - -`typedef int Function ();' - - The reason for declaring this new type is to make it easier to write -code describing pointers to C functions. Let us say we had a variable -called FUNC which was a pointer to a function. Instead of the classic -C declaration - - `int (*)()func;' - - we have - - `Function *func;' - - -File: readline.info, Node: Function Naming, Next: Keymaps, Prev: The Function Type, Up: Custom Functions - -Naming a Function ------------------ - - The user can dynamically change the bindings of keys while using -Readline. This is done by representing the function with a descriptive -name. The user is able to type the descriptive name when referring to -the function. Thus, in an init file, one might find - - Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word - - This binds the keystroke Meta-Rubout to the function -*descriptively* named `backward-kill-word'. You, as the programmer, -should bind the functions you write to descriptive names as well. -Readline provides a function for doing that: - - * Function: rl_add_defun (CHAR *NAME, FUNCTION *FUNCTION, INT KEY) - Add NAME to the list of named functions. Make FUNCTION be the - function that gets called. If KEY is not -1, then bind it to - FUNCTION using `rl_bind_key ()'. - - Using this function alone is sufficient for most applications. It -is the recommended way to add a few functions to the default functions -that Readline has built in already. If you need to do more or -different things than adding a function to Readline, you may need to -use the underlying functions described below. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Keymaps, Next: Binding Keys, Prev: Function Naming, Up: Custom Functions - -Selecting a Keymap ------------------- - - Key bindings take place on a "keymap". The keymap is the -association between the keys that the user types and the functions that -get run. You can make your own keymaps, copy existing keymaps, and -tell Readline which keymap to use. - - * Function: Keymap rl_make_bare_keymap () - Returns a new, empty keymap. The space for the keymap is - allocated with `malloc ()'; you should `free ()' it when you are - done. - - * Function: Keymap rl_copy_keymap (KEYMAP MAP) - Return a new keymap which is a copy of MAP. - - * Function: Keymap rl_make_keymap () - Return a new keymap with the printing characters bound to - rl_insert, the lowercase Meta characters bound to run their - equivalents, and the Meta digits bound to produce numeric - arguments. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Binding Keys, Next: Function Writing, Prev: Keymaps, Up: Custom Functions - -Binding Keys ------------- - - You associate keys with functions through the keymap. Here are -functions for doing that. - - * Function: int rl_bind_key (INT KEY, FUNCTION *FUNCTION) - Binds KEY to FUNCTION in the currently selected keymap. Returns - non-zero in the case of an invalid KEY. - - * Function: int rl_bind_key_in_map (INT KEY, FUNCTION *FUNCTION, - KEYMAP MAP) - Bind KEY to FUNCTION in MAP. Returns non-zero in the case of an - invalid KEY. - - * Function: int rl_unbind_key (INT KEY) - Make KEY do nothing in the currently selected keymap. Returns - non-zero in case of error. - - * Function: int rl_unbind_key_in_map (INT KEY, KEYMAP MAP) - Make KEY be bound to the null function in MAP. Returns non-zero - in case of error. - - * Function: rl_generic_bind (INT TYPE, CHAR *KEYSEQ, CHAR *DATA, - KEYMAP MAP) - Bind the key sequence represented by the string KEYSEQ to the - arbitrary pointer DATA. TYPE says what kind of data is pointed - to by DATA; right now this can be a function (`ISFUNC'), a macro - (`ISMACR'), or a keymap (`ISKMAP'). This makes new keymaps as - necessary. The initial place to do bindings is in MAP. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Function Writing, Next: Allowing Undoing, Prev: Binding Keys, Up: Custom Functions - -Writing a New Function ----------------------- - - In order to write new functions for Readline, you need to know the -calling conventions for keyboard invoked functions, and the names of -the variables that describe the current state of the line gathered so -far. - - * Variable: char *rl_line_buffer - This is the line gathered so far. You are welcome to modify the - contents of this, but see Undoing, below. - - * Variable: int rl_point - The offset of the current cursor position in RL_LINE_BUFFER. - - * Variable: int rl_end - The number of characters present in `rl_line_buffer'. When - `rl_point' is at the end of the line, then `rl_point' and - `rl_end' are equal. - - The calling sequence for a command `foo' looks like - - `foo (int count, int key)' - - where COUNT is the numeric argument (or 1 if defaulted) and KEY is -the key that invoked this function. - - It is completely up to the function as to what should be done with -the numeric argument; some functions use it as a repeat count, other -functions as a flag, and some choose to ignore it. In general, if a -function uses the numeric argument as a repeat count, it should be able -to do something useful with a negative argument as well as a positive -argument. At the very least, it should be aware that it can be passed -a negative argument. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Allowing Undoing, Prev: Function Writing, Up: Custom Functions - -Allowing Undoing ----------------- - - Supporting the undo command is a painless thing to do, and makes -your functions much more useful to the end user. It is certainly easy -to try something if you know you can undo it. I could use an undo -function for the stock market. - - If your function simply inserts text once, or deletes text once, -and it calls `rl_insert_text ()' or `rl_delete_text ()' to do it, then -undoing is already done for you automatically, and you can safely skip -this section. - - If you do multiple insertions or multiple deletions, or any -combination of these operations, you should group them together into -one operation. This can be done with `rl_begin_undo_group ()' and -`rl_end_undo_group ()'. - - * Function: rl_begin_undo_group () - Begins saving undo information in a group construct. The undo - information usually comes from calls to `rl_insert_text ()' and - `rl_delete_text ()', but they could be direct calls to - `rl_add_undo ()'. - - * Function: rl_end_undo_group () - Closes the current undo group started with `rl_begin_undo_group - ()'. There should be exactly one call to `rl_end_undo_group ()' - for every call to `rl_begin_undo_group ()'. - - Finally, if you neither insert nor delete text, but directly modify -the existing text (e.g. change its case), you call `rl_modifying ()' -once, just before you modify the text. You must supply the indices of -the text range that you are going to modify. - - * Function: rl_modifying (INT START, INT END) - Tell Readline to save the text between START and END as a single - undo unit. It is assumed that subsequent to this call you will - modify that range of text in some way. - -An Example ----------- - - Here is a function which changes lowercase characters to the -uppercase equivalents, and uppercase characters to the lowercase -equivalents. If this function was bound to `M-c', then typing `M-c' -would change the case of the character under point. Typing `10 M-c' -would change the case of the following 10 characters, leaving the -cursor on the last character changed. - - /* Invert the case of the COUNT following characters. */ - invert_case_line (count, key) - int count, key; - { - register int start, end; - - start = rl_point; - - if (count < 0) - { - direction = -1; - count = -count; - } - else - direction = 1; - - /* Find the end of the range to modify. */ - end = start + (count * direction); - - /* Force it to be within range. */ - if (end > rl_end) - end = rl_end; - else if (end < 0) - end = -1; - - if (start > end) - { - int temp = start; - start = end; - end = temp; - } - - if (start == end) - return; - - /* Tell readline that we are modifying the line, so save the undo - information. */ - rl_modifying (start, end); - - for (; start != end; start += direction) - { - if (uppercase_p (rl_line_buffer[start])) - rl_line_buffer[start] = to_lower (rl_line_buffer[start]); - else if (lowercase_p (rl_line_buffer[start])) - rl_line_buffer[start] = to_upper (rl_line_buffer[start]); - } - /* Move point to on top of the last character changed. */ - rl_point = end - direction; - } - - -File: readline.info, Node: Custom Completers, Prev: Custom Functions, Up: Programming with GNU Readline - -Custom Completers -================= - - Typically, a program that reads commands from the user has a way of -disambiguating commands and data. If your program is one of these, -then it can provide completion for either commands, or data, or both -commands and data. The following sections describe how your program -and Readline cooperate to provide this service to end users. - -* Menu: - -* How Completing Works:: The logic used to do completion. -* Completion Functions:: Functions provided by Readline. -* Completion Variables:: Variables which control completion. -* A Short Completion Example:: An example of writing completer subroutines. - - -File: readline.info, Node: How Completing Works, Next: Completion Functions, Up: Custom Completers - -How Completing Works --------------------- - - In order to complete some text, the full list of possible -completions must be available. That is to say, it is not possible to -accurately expand a partial word without knowing what all of the -possible words that make sense in that context are. The GNU Readline -library provides the user interface to completion, and additionally, -two of the most common completion functions; filename and username. -For completing other types of text, you must write your own completion -function. This section describes exactly what those functions must -do, and provides an example function. - - There are three major functions used to perform completion: - - 1. The user-interface function `rl_complete ()'. This function is - called interactively with the same calling conventions as other - functions in readline intended for interactive use; i.e. COUNT, - and INVOKING-KEY. It isolates the word to be completed and calls - `completion_matches ()' to generate a list of possible - completions. It then either lists the possible completions or - actually performs the completion, depending on which behaviour is - desired. - - 2. The internal function `completion_matches ()' uses your - "generator" function to generate the list of possible matches, and - then returns the array of these matches. You should place the - address of your generator function in - `rl_completion_entry_function'. - - 3. The generator function is called repeatedly from - `completion_matches ()', returning a string each time. The - arguments to the generator function are TEXT and STATE. TEXT is - the partial word to be completed. STATE is zero the first time - the function is called, and a positive non-zero integer for each - subsequent call. When the generator function returns `(char - *)NULL' this signals `completion_matches ()' that there are no - more possibilities left. - - * Function: rl_complete (INT IGNORE, INT INVOKING_KEY) - Complete the word at or before point. You have supplied the - function that does the initial simple matching selection - algorithm (see `completion_matches ()'). The default is to do - filename completion. - - Note that `rl_complete ()' has the identical calling conventions as -any other key-invokable function; this is because by default it is -bound to the `TAB' key. - - * Variable: Function *rl_completion_entry_function - This is a pointer to the generator function for - `completion_matches ()'. If the value of - `rl_completion_entry_function' is `(Function *)NULL' then the - default filename generator function is used, namely - `filename_entry_function ()'. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Completion Functions, Next: Completion Variables, Prev: How Completing Works, Up: Custom Completers - -Completion Functions --------------------- - - Here is the complete list of callable completion functions present -in Readline. - - * Function: rl_complete_internal (INT WHAT_TO_DO) - Complete the word at or before point. WHAT_TO_DO says what to do - with the completion. A value of `?' means list the possible - completions. `TAB' means do standard completion. `*' means - insert all of the possible completions. - - * Function: rl_complete (INT IGNORE, INT INVOKING_KEY) - Complete the word at or before point. You have supplied the - function that does the initial simple matching selection - algorithm (see `completion_matches ()'). The default is to do - filename completion. This just calls `rl_complete_internal ()' - with an argument of `TAB'. - - * Function: rl_possible_completions () - List the possible completions. See description of `rl_complete - ()'. This just calls `rl_complete_internal ()' with an argument - of `?'. - - * Function: char **completion_matches (CHAR *TEXT, CHAR - *(*ENTRY_FUNCTION) ()) - Returns an array of `(char *)' which is a list of completions for - TEXT. If there are no completions, returns `(char **)NULL'. The - first entry in the returned array is the substitution for TEXT. - The remaining entries are the possible completions. The array is - terminated with a `NULL' pointer. - - ENTRY_FUNCTION is a function of two args, and returns a `(char - *)'. The first argument is TEXT. The second is a state - argument; it is zero on the first call, and non-zero on subsequent - calls. It returns a `NULL' pointer to the caller when there are - no more matches. - - * Function: char *filename_completion_function (CHAR *TEXT, INT STATE) - A generator function for filename completion in the general case. - Note that completion in the Bash shell is a little different - because of all the pathnames that must be followed when looking - up the completion for a command. - - * Function: char *username_completion_function (CHAR *TEXT, INT STATE) - A completion generator for usernames. TEXT contains a partial - username preceded by a random character (usually `~'). - - -File: readline.info, Node: Completion Variables, Next: A Short Completion Example, Prev: Completion Functions, Up: Custom Completers - -Completion Variables --------------------- - - * Variable: Function *rl_completion_entry_function - A pointer to the generator function for `completion_matches ()'. - `NULL' means to use `filename_entry_function ()', the default - filename completer. - - * Variable: Function *rl_attempted_completion_function - A pointer to an alternative function to create matches. The - function is called with TEXT, START, and END. START and END are - indices in `rl_line_buffer' saying what the boundaries of TEXT - are. If this function exists and returns `NULL' then - `rl_complete ()' will call the value of - `rl_completion_entry_function' to generate matches, otherwise the - array of strings returned will be used. - - * Variable: int rl_completion_query_items - Up to this many items will be displayed in response to a - possible-completions call. After that, we ask the user if she is - sure she wants to see them all. The default value is 100. - - * Variable: char *rl_basic_word_break_characters - The basic list of characters that signal a break between words - for the completer routine. The contents of this variable is what - breaks words in the Bash shell, i.e. " \t\n\"\\'`@$><=;|&{(". - - * Variable: char *rl_completer_word_break_characters - The list of characters that signal a break between words for - `rl_complete_internal ()'. The default list is the contents of - `rl_basic_word_break_characters'. - - * Variable: char *rl_special_prefixes - The list of characters that are word break characters, but should - be left in TEXT when it is passed to the completion function. - Programs can use this to help determine what kind of completing - to do. - - * Variable: int rl_ignore_completion_duplicates - If non-zero, then disallow duplicates in the matches. Default is - 1. - - * Variable: int rl_filename_completion_desired - Non-zero means that the results of the matches are to be treated - as filenames. This is *always* zero on entry, and can only be - changed within a completion entry generator function. - - * Variable: Function *rl_ignore_some_completions_function - This function, if defined, is called by the completer when real - filename completion is done, after all the matching names have - been generated. It is passed a `NULL' terminated array of `(char - *)' known as MATCHES in the code. The 1st element (`matches[0]') - is the maximal substring that is common to all matches. This - function can re-arrange the list of matches as required, but each - deleted element of the array must be `free()''d. - - -File: readline.info, Node: A Short Completion Example, Prev: Completion Variables, Up: Custom Completers - -A Short Completion Example --------------------------- - - Here is a small application demonstrating the use of the GNU -Readline library. It is called `fileman', and the source code resides -in `readline/examples/fileman.c'. This sample application provides -completion of command names, line editing features, and access to the -history list. - - /* fileman.c -- A tiny application which demonstrates how to use the - GNU Readline library. This application interactively allows users - to manipulate files and their modes. */ - - #include <stdio.h> - #include <readline/readline.h> - #include <readline/history.h> - #include <sys/types.h> - #include <sys/file.h> - #include <sys/stat.h> - #include <sys/errno.h> - - /* The names of functions that actually do the manipulation. */ - int com_list (), com_view (), com_rename (), com_stat (), com_pwd (); - int com_delete (), com_help (), com_cd (), com_quit (); - - /* A structure which contains information on the commands this program - can understand. */ - - typedef struct { - char *name; /* User printable name of the function. */ - Function *func; /* Function to call to do the job. */ - char *doc; /* Documentation for this function. */ - } COMMAND; - - COMMAND commands[] = { - { "cd", com_cd, "Change to directory DIR" }, - { "delete", com_delete, "Delete FILE" }, - { "help", com_help, "Display this text" }, - { "?", com_help, "Synonym for `help'" }, - { "list", com_list, "List files in DIR" }, - { "ls", com_list, "Synonym for `list'" }, - { "pwd", com_pwd, "Print the current working directory" }, - { "quit", com_quit, "Quit using Fileman" }, - { "rename", com_rename, "Rename FILE to NEWNAME" }, - { "stat", com_stat, "Print out statistics on FILE" }, - { "view", com_view, "View the contents of FILE" }, - { (char *)NULL, (Function *)NULL, (char *)NULL } - }; - - /* The name of this program, as taken from argv[0]. */ - char *progname; - - /* When non-zero, this global means the user is done using this program. */ - int done = 0; - - main (argc, argv) - int argc; - char **argv; - { - progname = argv[0]; - - initialize_readline (); /* Bind our completer. */ - - /* Loop reading and executing lines until the user quits. */ - while (!done) - { - char *line; - - line = readline ("FileMan: "); - - if (!line) - { - done = 1; /* Encountered EOF at top level. */ - } - else - { - /* Remove leading and trailing whitespace from the line. - Then, if there is anything left, add it to the history list - and execute it. */ - stripwhite (line); - - if (*line) - { - add_history (line); - execute_line (line); - } - } - - if (line) - free (line); - } - exit (0); - } - - /* Execute a command line. */ - execute_line (line) - char *line; - { - register int i; - COMMAND *find_command (), *command; - char *word; - - /* Isolate the command word. */ - i = 0; - while (line[i] && !whitespace (line[i])) - i++; - - word = line; - - if (line[i]) - line[i++] = '\0'; - - command = find_command (word); - - if (!command) - { - fprintf (stderr, "%s: No such command for FileMan.\n", word); - return; - } - - /* Get argument to command, if any. */ - while (whitespace (line[i])) - i++; - - word = line + i; - - /* Call the function. */ - (*(command->func)) (word); - } - - /* Look up NAME as the name of a command, and return a pointer to that - command. Return a NULL pointer if NAME isn't a command name. */ - COMMAND * - find_command (name) - char *name; - { - register int i; - - for (i = 0; commands[i].name; i++) - if (strcmp (name, commands[i].name) == 0) - return (&commands[i]); - - return ((COMMAND *)NULL); - } - - /* Strip whitespace from the start and end of STRING. */ - stripwhite (string) - char *string; - { - register int i = 0; - - while (whitespace (string[i])) - i++; - - if (i) - strcpy (string, string + i); - - i = strlen (string) - 1; - - while (i > 0 && whitespace (string[i])) - i--; - - string[++i] = '\0'; - } - - /* **************************************************************** */ - /* */ - /* Interface to Readline Completion */ - /* */ - /* **************************************************************** */ - - /* Tell the GNU Readline library how to complete. We want to try to complete - on command names if this is the first word in the line, or on filenames - if not. */ - initialize_readline () - { - char **fileman_completion (); - - /* Allow conditional parsing of the ~/.inputrc file. */ - rl_readline_name = "FileMan"; - - /* Tell the completer that we want a crack first. */ - rl_attempted_completion_function = (Function *)fileman_completion; - } - - /* Attempt to complete on the contents of TEXT. START and END show the - region of TEXT that contains the word to complete. We can use the - entire line in case we want to do some simple parsing. Return the - array of matches, or NULL if there aren't any. */ - char ** - fileman_completion (text, start, end) - char *text; - int start, end; - { - char **matches; - char *command_generator (); - - matches = (char **)NULL; - - /* If this word is at the start of the line, then it is a command - to complete. Otherwise it is the name of a file in the current - directory. */ - if (start == 0) - matches = completion_matches (text, command_generator); - - return (matches); - } - - /* Generator function for command completion. STATE lets us know whether - to start from scratch; without any state (i.e. STATE == 0), then we - start at the top of the list. */ - char * - command_generator (text, state) - char *text; - int state; - { - static int list_index, len; - char *name; - - /* If this is a new word to complete, initialize now. This includes - saving the length of TEXT for efficiency, and initializing the index - variable to 0. */ - if (!state) - { - list_index = 0; - len = strlen (text); - } - - /* Return the next name which partially matches from the command list. */ - while (name = commands[list_index].name) - { - list_index++; - - if (strncmp (name, text, len) == 0) - return (name); - } - - /* If no names matched, then return NULL. */ - return ((char *)NULL); - } - - /* **************************************************************** */ - /* */ - /* FileMan Commands */ - /* */ - /* **************************************************************** */ - - /* String to pass to system (). This is for the LIST, VIEW and RENAME - commands. */ - static char syscom[1024]; - - /* List the file(s) named in arg. */ - com_list (arg) - char *arg; - { - if (!arg) - arg = "*"; - - sprintf (syscom, "ls -FClg %s", arg); - system (syscom); - } - - com_view (arg) - char *arg; - { - if (!valid_argument ("view", arg)) - return; - - sprintf (syscom, "cat %s | more", arg); - system (syscom); - } - - com_rename (arg) - char *arg; - { - too_dangerous ("rename"); - } - - com_stat (arg) - char *arg; - { - struct stat finfo; - - if (!valid_argument ("stat", arg)) - return; - - if (stat (arg, &finfo) == -1) - { - perror (arg); - return; - } - - printf ("Statistics for `%s':\n", arg); - - printf ("%s has %d link%s, and is %d bytes in length.\n", arg, - finfo.st_nlink, (finfo.st_nlink == 1) ? "" : "s", finfo.st_size); - printf (" Created on: %s", ctime (&finfo.st_ctime)); - printf (" Last access at: %s", ctime (&finfo.st_atime)); - printf ("Last modified at: %s", ctime (&finfo.st_mtime)); - } - - com_delete (arg) - char *arg; - { - too_dangerous ("delete"); - } - - /* Print out help for ARG, or for all of the commands if ARG is - not present. */ - com_help (arg) - char *arg; - { - register int i; - int printed = 0; - - for (i = 0; commands[i].name; i++) - { - if (!*arg || (strcmp (arg, commands[i].name) == 0)) - { - printf ("%s\t\t%s.\n", commands[i].name, commands[i].doc); - printed++; - } - } - - if (!printed) - { - printf ("No commands match `%s'. Possibilties are:\n", arg); - - for (i = 0; commands[i].name; i++) - { - /* Print in six columns. */ - if (printed == 6) - { - printed = 0; - printf ("\n"); - } - - printf ("%s\t", commands[i].name); - printed++; - } - - if (printed) - printf ("\n"); - } - } - - /* Change to the directory ARG. */ - com_cd (arg) - char *arg; - { - if (chdir (arg) == -1) - perror (arg); - - com_pwd (""); - } - - /* Print out the current working directory. */ - com_pwd (ignore) - char *ignore; - { - char dir[1024]; - - (void) getwd (dir); - - printf ("Current directory is %s\n", dir); - } - - /* The user wishes to quit using this program. Just set DONE non-zero. */ - com_quit (arg) - char *arg; - { - done = 1; - } - - /* Function which tells you that you can't do this. */ - too_dangerous (caller) - char *caller; - { - fprintf (stderr, - "%s: Too dangerous for me to distribute. Write it yourself.\n", - caller); - } - - /* Return non-zero if ARG is a valid argument for CALLER, else print - an error message and return zero. */ - int - valid_argument (caller, arg) - char *caller, *arg; - { - if (!arg || !*arg) - { - fprintf (stderr, "%s: Argument required.\n", caller); - return (0); - } - - return (1); - } - - -File: readline.info, Node: Concept Index, Next: Function and Variable Index, Prev: Programming with GNU Readline, Up: Top - -Concept Index -************* - -* Menu: - -* interaction, readline: Readline Interaction. -* readline, function: Default Behaviour. - - -File: readline.info, Node: Function and Variable Index, Prev: Concept Index, Up: Top - -Function and Variable Index -*************************** - -* Menu: - -* Function *rl_attempted_completion_function: Completion Variables. -* Function *rl_completion_entry_function: Completion Variables. -* Function *rl_completion_entry_function: How Completing Works. -* Function *rl_ignore_some_completions_function: Completion Variables. -* Keymap rl_copy_keymap: Keymaps. -* Keymap rl_make_bare_keymap: Keymaps. -* Keymap rl_make_keymap: Keymaps. -* abort (C-g): Miscellaneous Commands. -* accept-line (Newline, Return): Commands For History. -* backward-char (C-b): Commands For Moving. -* backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text. -* backward-kill-line (): Commands For Killing. -* backward-kill-word (M-DEL): Commands For Killing. -* backward-word (M-b): Commands For Moving. -* beginning-of-history (M-<): Commands For History. -* beginning-of-line (C-a): Commands For Moving. -* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. -* char **completion_matches: Completion Functions. -* char *filename_completion_function: Completion Functions. -* char *rl_basic_word_break_characters: Completion Variables. -* char *rl_completer_word_break_characters: Completion Variables. -* char *rl_line_buffer: Function Writing. -* char *rl_special_prefixes: Completion Variables. -* char *username_completion_function: Completion Functions. -* clear-screen (C-l): Commands For Moving. -* complete (TAB): Commands For Completion. -* delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. -* digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. -* do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, ...): Miscellaneous Commands. -* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. -* editing-mode: Readline Init Syntax. -* end-of-history (M->): Commands For History. -* end-of-line (C-e): Commands For Moving. -* forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. -* forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. -* forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. -* horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init Syntax. -* int rl_bind_key: Binding Keys. -* int rl_bind_key_in_map: Binding Keys. -* int rl_completion_query_items: Completion Variables. -* int rl_end: Function Writing. -* int rl_filename_completion_desired: Completion Variables. -* int rl_ignore_completion_duplicates: Completion Variables. -* int rl_point: Function Writing. -* int rl_unbind_key: Binding Keys. -* int rl_unbind_key_in_map: Binding Keys. -* kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. -* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. -* mark-modified-lines: Readline Init Syntax. -* next-history (C-n): Commands For History. -* possible-completions (M-?): Commands For Completion. -* prefer-visible-bell: Readline Init Syntax. -* prefix-meta (ESC): Miscellaneous Commands. -* previous-history (C-p): Commands For History. -* quoted-insert (C-q, C-v): Commands For Text. -* re-read-init-file (C-x C-r): Miscellaneous Commands. -* readline (): Default Behaviour. -* reverse-search-history (C-r): Commands For History. -* revert-line (M-r): Miscellaneous Commands. -* rl_add_defun: Function Naming. -* rl_begin_undo_group: Allowing Undoing. -* rl_bind_key (): Default Behaviour. -* rl_complete: How Completing Works. -* rl_complete: Completion Functions. -* rl_complete_internal: Completion Functions. -* rl_end_undo_group: Allowing Undoing. -* rl_generic_bind: Binding Keys. -* rl_modifying: Allowing Undoing. -* rl_possible_completions: Completion Functions. -* self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...): Commands For Text. -* tab-insert (M-TAB): Commands For Text. -* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. -* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. -* undo (C-_): Miscellaneous Commands. -* universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments. -* unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing. -* unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. -* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. -* yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. -* yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. - - - -Tag Table: -Node: Top998 -Node: Command Line Editing1611 -Node: Introduction and Notation2034 -Node: Readline Interaction3056 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials4195 -Node: Readline Movement Commands5703 -Node: Readline Killing Commands6594 -Node: Readline Arguments8438 -Node: Readline Init File9390 -Node: Readline Init Syntax10218 -Node: Commands For Moving14208 -Node: Commands For History14838 -Node: Commands For Text15913 -Node: Commands For Killing17581 -Node: Numeric Arguments18708 -Node: Commands For Completion19152 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands19876 -Node: Readline Vi Mode20718 -Node: Programming with GNU Readline22328 -Node: Default Behaviour23033 -Node: Custom Functions26258 -Node: The Function Type27057 -Node: Function Naming27690 -Node: Keymaps28942 -Node: Binding Keys29857 -Node: Function Writing31158 -Node: Allowing Undoing32599 -Node: Custom Completers36101 -Node: How Completing Works36849 -Node: Completion Functions39664 -Node: Completion Variables42000 -Node: A Short Completion Example44772 -Node: Concept Index56398 -Node: Function and Variable Index56687 - -End Tag Table |