checkpoint

2 files changed, 164 insertions, 151 deletions

diff --git a/opcodes/txvu-dis.c b/opcodes/txvu-dis.c
index 8652f12..db1ed0a 100644
--- a/opcodes/txvu-dis.c
+++ b/opcodes/txvu-dis.c
@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ print_insn_txvu (pc, info)
       (*info->memory_error_func) (status, pc, info);
       return -1;
     }
-  upper = bfd_getl32 (buffer);
-  lower = bfd_getl32 (buffer + 4);
+  /* The lower instruction has the lower address.  */
+  upper = bfd_getl32 (buffer + 4);
+  lower = bfd_getl32 (buffer);
 
   /* FIXME: This will need revisiting.  */
   print_insn (pc, info, upper, 0);
@@ -167,9 +168,11 @@ print_insn (pc, info, insn, lower_p)
 		value -= 1 << operand->bits;
 	    }
 
+#if 0 /* commas are part of the syntax string now */
 	  /* If second or later operand, print a comma.  */
 	  if (num_operands > 0)
 	    (*func) (stream, ",");
+#endif
 
 	  /* Print the operand as directed by the flags.  */
 	  if (operand->print)
@@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ print_insn (pc, info, insn, lower_p)
 	  else if (operand->flags & TXVU_OPERAND_FAKE)
 	    ; /* nothing to do (??? at least not yet) */
 	  else if (operand->flags & TXVU_OPERAND_RELATIVE_BRANCH)
-	    (*info->print_address_func) (pc + value, info);
+	    (*info->print_address_func) (pc + (value << 3), info);
 	  /* ??? Not all cases of this are currently caught.  */
 	  else if (operand->flags & TXVU_OPERAND_ABSOLUTE_BRANCH)
 	    (*info->print_address_func) ((bfd_vma) value & 0xffffffff, info);
diff --git a/opcodes/txvu-opc.c b/opcodes/txvu-opc.c
index 000b4b4..24d4687 100644
--- a/opcodes/txvu-opc.c
+++ b/opcodes/txvu-opc.c
@@ -197,9 +197,9 @@ const struct txvu_operand txvu_operands[] =
 #define LUIMM12 (LUIMM24 + 1)
   { 12, 0, 0, 0, insert_luimm12, extract_luimm12, 0 },
 
-  /* 11 bit pc-releative immediate.  */
+  /* 11 bit pc-relative signed immediate.  */
 #define LPCREL11 (LUIMM12 + 1)
-  { 11, 0, TXVU_OPERAND_RELATIVE_BRANCH, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 11, 0, TXVU_OPERAND_SIGNED + TXVU_OPERAND_RELATIVE_BRANCH, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
 
   /* Destination indicator, single letter only, with leading '.'.  */
 #define LDOTDEST1 (LPCREL11 + 1)
@@ -213,22 +213,22 @@ const struct txvu_operand txvu_operands[] =
 };
 
 /* Macros to put a field's value into the right place.  */
-/* FIXME: If assembler needs these, move to opcode/txvu.h.  */
+/* ??? If assembler needs these, move to opcode/txvu.h.  */
 
 /* value X, B bits, shift S */
-#define R(x,b,s) (((x) & ((1 << (b)) - 1)) << (s))
+#define V(x,b,s) (((x) & ((1 << (b)) - 1)) << (s))
 
 /* Field value macros for both upper and lower instructions.
    These shift a value into the right place in the instruction.  */
 
 /* [FI] T reg field (remember it's V for value, not vector, here).  */
-#define VT(x) R ((x), 5, TXVU_SHIFT_TREG)
+#define VT(x) V ((x), 5, TXVU_SHIFT_TREG)
 /* [FI] S reg field.  */
-#define VS(x) R ((x), 5, TXVU_SHIFT_SREG)
+#define VS(x) V ((x), 5, TXVU_SHIFT_SREG)
 /* [FI] D reg field.  */
-#define VD(x) R ((x), 5, TXVU_SHIFT_DREG)
+#define VD(x) V ((x), 5, TXVU_SHIFT_DREG)
 /* DEST field.  */
-#define VDEST(x) R ((x), 4, 21)
+#define VDEST(x) V ((x), 4, 21)
 
 /* Masks for fields in both upper and lower instructions.
    These mask out all bits but the ones for the field in the instruction.  */
@@ -241,19 +241,19 @@ const struct txvu_operand txvu_operands[] =
 /* Upper instruction Value macros.  */
 
 /* Upper Flag bits.  */
-#define VUF(x) R ((x), 5, 27)
+#define VUF(x) V ((x), 5, 27)
 /* Upper REServed two bits next to flag bits.  */
-#define VURES(x) R ((x), 2, 25)
+#define VURES(x) V ((x), 2, 25)
 /* 4 bit opcode field.  */
-#define VUOP4(x) R ((x), 4, 2)
+#define VUOP4(x) V ((x), 4, 2)
 /* 6 bit opcode field.  */
-#define VUOP6(x) R ((x), 6, 0)
+#define VUOP6(x) V ((x), 6, 0)
 /* 9 bit opcode field.  */
-#define VUOP9(x) R ((x), 9, 2)
+#define VUOP9(x) V ((x), 9, 2)
 /* 11 bit opcode field.  */
-#define VUOP11(x) R ((x), 11, 0)
+#define VUOP11(x) V ((x), 11, 0)
 /* BroadCast field.  */
-#define VUBC(x) R ((x), 2, 0)
+#define VUBC(x) V ((x), 2, 0)
 
 /* Upper instruction field masks.  */
 #define MUUBITS (VUF (~0) + VURES (~0))
@@ -263,8 +263,16 @@ const struct txvu_operand txvu_operands[] =
 #define MUOP9 VUOP9 (~0)
 #define MUOP11 VUOP11 (~0)
 
-/* A space, separates instruction name (mnemonic + mnemonic operands) from operands.  */
+/* A space, separates instruction name (mnemonic + mnemonic operands) from
+   operands.  */
 #define SP ' '
+/* Commas separate operands.  */
+#define C ','
+/* Special I,P,Q,R operands.  */
+#define I 'i'
+#define P 'p'
+#define Q 'q'
+#define R 'r'
 
 /* TXVU instructions.
    [??? some of these comments are left over from the ARC port from which
@@ -292,90 +300,90 @@ const struct txvu_operand txvu_operands[] =
 
 struct txvu_opcode txvu_upper_opcodes[] = {
 
-  /* Macros appear first.  */
+  /* Macros appear first, so the disassembler will try them first.  */
   /* ??? Any aliases?  */
-  /* FIXME: When close to being finished, clean up by aligning fields.  */
+  /* ??? When close to being finished, clean up by aligning fields.  */
 
   /* The rest of these needn't be sorted, but it helps to find them if they are.  */
-  { "abs", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x1fd) },
-  { "add", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x28) },
-  { "addi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x22) },
-  { "addq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x20) },
-  { "add", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + VUOP4 (~0), VUOP4 (0) },
-  { "adda", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2bc) },
-  { "addai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23e) },
-  { "addaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23c) },
-  { "adda", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0xf) },
+  { "abs", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x1fd) },
+  { "add", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x28) },
+  { "addi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x22) },
+  { "addq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x20) },
+  { "add", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + VUOP4 (~0), VUOP4 (0) },
+  { "adda", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2bc) },
+  { "addai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23e) },
+  { "addaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23c) },
+  { "adda", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0xf) },
   { "clip", { DOTDEST, SP, VFSREG }, MURES + MDEST + MT + MUOP11, VDEST (0xf) + VUOP11 (0x1ff) },
-  { "ftoi0", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17c) },
-  { "ftoi4", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17d) },
-  { "ftoi12", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17e) },
-  { "ftoi15", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17f) },
-  { "itof0", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13c) },
-  { "itof4", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13d) },
-  { "itof12", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13e) },
-  { "itof15", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13f) },
-  { "madd", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x29) },
-  { "maddi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x23) },
-  { "maddq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x21) },
-  { "madd", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x2) },
-  { "madda", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2bd) },
-  { "maddai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23f) },
-  { "maddaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23d) },
-  { "madda", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x2f) },
-  { "max", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2b) },
-  { "maxi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2d) },
-  { "max", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x4) },
-  /* FIXME: mini or min? */
-  { "mini", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2f) },
-  { "mini", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x1f) },
-  { "mini", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x5) },
-  { "msub", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2d) },
-  { "msubi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x27) },
-  { "msubq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x25) },
-  { "msub", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x3) },
-  { "msuba", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2fd) },
-  { "msubai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27f) },
-  { "msubaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27d) },
-  { "msuba", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x3f) },
-  { "mul", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2a) },
-  { "muli", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x1e) },
-  { "mulq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x1c) },
-  { "mul", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + VUOP4 (~0), VUOP4 (6) },
-  { "mula", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2be) },
-  { "mulai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x1fe) },
-  { "mulaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x1fc) },
-  { "mula", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x6f) },
+  { "ftoi0", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17c) },
+  { "ftoi4", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17d) },
+  { "ftoi12", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17e) },
+  { "ftoi15", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x17f) },
+  { "itof0", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13c) },
+  { "itof4", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13d) },
+  { "itof12", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13e) },
+  { "itof15", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x13f) },
+  { "madd", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x29) },
+  { "maddi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x23) },
+  { "maddq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x21) },
+  { "madd", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x2) },
+  { "madda", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2bd) },
+  { "maddai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23f) },
+  { "maddaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x23d) },
+  { "madda", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x2f) },
+  { "max", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2b) },
+  { "maxi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2d) },
+  { "max", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x4) },
+  /* ??? mini or min? */
+  { "mini", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2f) },
+  { "mini", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x1f) },
+  { "mini", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x5) },
+  { "msub", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2d) },
+  { "msubi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x27) },
+  { "msubq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x25) },
+  { "msub", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP4, VUOP4 (0x3) },
+  { "msuba", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2fd) },
+  { "msubai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27f) },
+  { "msubaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27d) },
+  { "msuba", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x3f) },
+  { "mul", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2a) },
+  { "muli", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x1e) },
+  { "mulq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x1c) },
+  { "mul", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + VUOP4 (~0), VUOP4 (6) },
+  { "mula", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2be) },
+  { "mulai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x1fe) },
+  { "mulaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x1fc) },
+  { "mula", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x6f) },
   { "nop", { 0 }, MURES + MDEST + MT + MS + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2ff) },
-  { "opmula", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, VFTREG, UXYZ }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2fe) },
-  { "opmsub", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG, UXYZ }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2e) },
-  { "sub", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2c) },
-  { "subi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x26) },
-  { "subq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x24) },
-  { "sub", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + VUOP4 (~0), VUOP4 (1) },
-  { "suba", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2fc) },
-  { "subai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'i' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27e) },
-  { "subaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, 'q' }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27c) },
-  { "suba", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, VFSREG, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x1f) }
+  { "opmula", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG, UXYZ }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2fe) },
+  { "opmsub", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG, UXYZ }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2e) },
+  { "sub", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x2c) },
+  { "subi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x26) },
+  { "subq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP6, VUOP6 (0x24) },
+  { "sub", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, VFDREG, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + VUOP4 (~0), VUOP4 (1) },
+  { "suba", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, VFTREG }, MURES + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x2fc) },
+  { "subai", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, I }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27e) },
+  { "subaq", { DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, Q }, MURES + MT + MUOP11, VUOP11 (0x27c) },
+  { "suba", { UBC, DOTDEST, SP, UACCDEST, C, VFSREG, C, UBCFTREG }, MURES + MUOP9, VUOP9 (0x1f) }
 };
 const int txvu_upper_opcodes_count = sizeof (txvu_upper_opcodes) / sizeof (txvu_upper_opcodes[0]);
 
 /* Lower instruction Value macros.  */
 
 /* 6 bit opcode.  */
-#define VLOP6(x) R ((x), 6, 0)
+#define VLOP6(x) V ((x), 6, 0)
 /* 7 bit opcode.  */
-#define VLOP7(x) R ((x), 7, 25)
+#define VLOP7(x) V ((x), 7, 25)
 /* 11 bit opcode.  */
-#define VLOP11(x) R ((x), 11, 0)
+#define VLOP11(x) V ((x), 11, 0)
 /* 11 bit immediate.  */
-#define VLIMM11(x) R ((x), 11, 0)
+#define VLIMM11(x) V ((x), 11, 0)
 /* FTF field.  */
-#define VLFTF(x) R ((x), 2, 23)
+#define VLFTF(x) V ((x), 2, 23)
 /* FSF field.  */
-#define VLFSF(x) R ((x), 2, 21)
+#define VLFSF(x) V ((x), 2, 21)
 /* Upper bit of 12 bit unsigned immediate.  */
-#define VLUIMM12TOP(x) R ((x), 1, 21)
+#define VLUIMM12TOP(x) V ((x), 1, 21)
 /* Upper 4 bits of 15 bit unsigned immediate.  */
 #define VLUIMM15TOP(x) VDEST (x)
 
@@ -384,88 +392,90 @@ const int txvu_upper_opcodes_count = sizeof (txvu_upper_opcodes) / sizeof (txvu_
 #define MLOP7 VLOP7 (~0)
 #define MLOP11 VLOP11 (~0)
 #define MLIMM11 VLIMM11 (~0)
-#define MLB24 R (1, 1, 24)
+#define MLB24 V (1, 1, 24)
 #define MLUIMM12TOP VLUIMM12TOP (~0)
 /* 12 bit unsigned immediates are split into two parts, 1 bit and 11 bits.
    The upper 1 bit is part of the `dest' field.  This mask is for the
    other 3 bits of the dest field.  */
-#define MLUIMM12UNUSED R (7, 3, 22)
+#define MLUIMM12UNUSED V (7, 3, 22)
 #define MLUIMM15TOP MDEST
 
 struct txvu_opcode txvu_lower_opcodes[] = {
 
-  /* Macros appear first.  */
+  /* Macros appear first, so the disassembler will try them first.  */
   /* ??? Any aliases?  */
+  /* ??? There isn't an explicit nop.  Apparently it's "move vf0,vf0".  */
+  { "nop", { 0 }, 0xffffffff, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x33c) },
 
   /* The rest of these needn't be sorted, but it helps to find them if they are.  */
   { "b", { SP, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MS, VLOP7 (0x20) },
-  { "bal", { SP, LITREG, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MS, VLOP7 (0x21) },
-  { "div", { SP, 'q', LFSFFSREG, LFTFFTREG }, MLOP7 + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x3bc) },
-  { "eatan", { SP, 'p', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7fd) },
-  { "eatanxy", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x77c) },
-  { "eatanxz", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x77d) },
-  { "eexp", { SP, 'p', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7fe) },
-  { "eleng", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x74e) },
-  { "ercpr", { SP, 'p', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7be) },
-  { "erleng", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x73f) },
-  { "ersadd", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x73d) },
-  { "ersqrt", { SP, 'p', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7bd) },
-  { "esadd", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x73c) },
-  { "esin", { SP, 'p', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7fc) },
-  { "esqrt", { SP, 'p', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7bc) },
-  { "esum", { SP, 'p', LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x77e) },
-  { "fcand", { SP, LVI01, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x12) },
-  { "fceq", { SP, LVI01, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x10) },
+  { "bal", { SP, LITREG, C, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MS, VLOP7 (0x21) },
+  { "div", { SP, Q, C, LFSFFSREG, C, LFTFFTREG }, MLOP7 + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x3bc) },
+  { "eatan", { SP, P, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7fd) },
+  { "eatanxy", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x77c) },
+  { "eatanxz", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x77d) },
+  { "eexp", { SP, P, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7fe) },
+  { "eleng", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x74e) },
+  { "ercpr", { SP, P, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7be) },
+  { "erleng", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x73f) },
+  { "ersadd", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x73d) },
+  { "ersqrt", { SP, P, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7bd) },
+  { "esadd", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x73c) },
+  { "esin", { SP, P, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7fc) },
+  { "esqrt", { SP, P, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP11 (0x7bc) },
+  { "esum", { SP, P, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLOP11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VDEST (0xf) + VLOP11 (0x77e) },
+  { "fcand", { SP, LVI01, C, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x12) },
+  { "fceq", { SP, LVI01, C, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x10) },
   { "fcget", { SP, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x1c) },
-  { "fcor", { SP, LVI01, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x13) },
-  { "fcset", { SP, LVI01, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x11) },
-  { "fmand", { SP, LITREG, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x1a) },
-  { "fmeq", { SP, LITREG, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x18) },
-  { "fmor", { SP, LITREG, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x1b) },
-  { "fsand", { SP, LITREG, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x16) },
-  { "fseq", { SP, LITREG, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x14) },
-  { "fsor", { SP, LITREG, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x17) },
-  { "fsset", { SP, LITREG, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x15) },
-  { "iadd", { SP, LIDREG, LISREG, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x30) },
-  { "iaddi", { SP, LITREG, LISREG, LIMM5 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x32) },
-  { "iaddiu", { SP, LITREG, LISREG, LUIMM15 }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x08) },
-  { "iand", { SP, LIDREG, LISREG, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x34) },
-  { "ibeq", { SP, LITREG, LISREG, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST, VLOP7 (0x28) },
-  { "ibgez", { SP, LISREG, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT, VLOP7 (0x2f) },
-  { "iblez", { SP, LISREG, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT, VLOP7 (0x2e) },
-  { "ibltz", { SP, LISREG, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT, VLOP7 (0x2c) },
-  { "ibne", { SP, LITREG, LISREG, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST, VLOP7 (0x29) },
+  { "fcor", { SP, LVI01, C, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x13) },
+  { "fcset", { SP, LVI01, C, LUIMM24 }, MLOP7 + MLB24, VLOP7 (0x11) },
+  { "fmand", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x1a) },
+  { "fmeq", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x18) },
+  { "fmor", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x1b) },
+  { "fsand", { SP, LITREG, C, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x16) },
+  { "fseq", { SP, LITREG, C, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x14) },
+  { "fsor", { SP, LITREG, C, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x17) },
+  { "fsset", { SP, LITREG, C, LUIMM12 }, MLOP7 + MLUIMM12UNUSED + MS, VLOP7 (0x15) },
+  { "iadd", { SP, LIDREG, C, LISREG, C, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x30) },
+  { "iaddi", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG, C, LIMM5 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x32) },
+  { "iaddiu", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG, C, LUIMM15 }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x08) },
+  { "iand", { SP, LIDREG, C, LISREG, C, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x34) },
+  { "ibeq", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG, C, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST, VLOP7 (0x28) },
+  { "ibgez", { SP, LISREG, C, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT, VLOP7 (0x2f) },
+  { "iblez", { SP, LISREG, C, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT, VLOP7 (0x2e) },
+  { "ibltz", { SP, LISREG, C, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT, VLOP7 (0x2c) },
+  { "ibne", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG, C, LPCREL11 }, MLOP7 + MDEST, VLOP7 (0x29) },
   /* FIXME: Need to not require commas around parens.  */
-  { "ilw", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x04) },
-  { "ilwr", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3fe) },
-  { "ior", { SP, LIDREG, LISREG, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x34) },
-  { "isub", { SP, LIDREG, LISREG, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x31) },
-  { "isubiu", { SP, LITREG, LISREG, LUIMM15 }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x09) },
-  { "isw", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x05) },
-  { "iswr", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3ff) },
-  { "jalr", { SP, LITREG, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x25) },
+  { "ilw", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, C, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x04) },
+  { "ilwr", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, C, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3fe) },
+  { "ior", { SP, LIDREG, C, LISREG, C, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x34) },
+  { "isub", { SP, LIDREG, C, LISREG, C, LITREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLOP6, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLOP6 (0x31) },
+  { "isubiu", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG, C, LUIMM15 }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x09) },
+  { "isw", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, C, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x05) },
+  { "iswr", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, C, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3ff) },
+  { "jalr", { SP, LITREG, C, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x25) },
   { "jr", { SP, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x24) },
-  { "lq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x00) },
+  { "lq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x00) },
   /* FIXME: No commas around -/+.  */
-  { "lqd", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, LIMM11, '(', '-', '-', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37e) },
-  { "lqi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, '+', '+', ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37c) },
+  { "lqd", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, LIMM11, '(', '-', '-', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37e) },
+  { "lqi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, '+', '+', ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37c) },
   /* Only a single VF reg is allowed here.  We can use VFTREG because LDOTDEST1
      handles verifying only a single choice of xyzw is present.  */
-  { "mfir", { LDOTDEST1, SP, VFTREG, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3fc) },
-  { "mfp", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, 'p' }, MLOP7 + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x67c) },
-  { "move", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x33c) },
-  { "mr32", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, VFSREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x33d) },
-  { "mtir", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3fd) },
-  { "rget", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, 'r' }, MLOP7 + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43d) },
-  { "rinit", { SP, 'r', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43e) },
-  { "rnext", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, 'r' }, MLOP7 + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43c) },
-  { "rsqrt", { SP, 'q', LFSFFSREG, LFTFFTREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3be) },
-  { "rxor", { 'r', LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43f) },
-  { "sq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x01) },
+  { "mfir", { LDOTDEST1, SP, VFTREG, C, LISREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3fc) },
+  { "mfp", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, P }, MLOP7 + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x67c) },
+  { "move", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x33c) },
+  { "mr32", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, VFSREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x33d) },
+  { "mtir", { LDOTDEST1, SP, LITREG, C, LFSREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3fd) },
+  { "rget", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, R }, MLOP7 + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43d) },
+  { "rinit", { SP, R, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43e) },
+  { "rnext", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, R }, MLOP7 + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43c) },
+  { "rsqrt", { SP, Q, C, LFSFFSREG, C, LFTFFTREG }, MLOP7 + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3be) },
+  { "rxor", { R, C, LFSFFSREG }, MLOP7 + VLFTF (~0) + MT + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x43f) },
+  { "sq", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x01) },
   /* FIXME: No commas around -/+.  */
-  { "sqd", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, LIMM11, '(', '-', '-', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37f) },
-  { "sqi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, '+', '+', ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37d) },
-  { "sqrt", { SP, 'q', LFTFFTREG }, MLOP7 + VLFSF (~0) + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3bd) },
+  { "sqd", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, LIMM11, '(', '-', '-', LISREG, ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37f) },
+  { "sqi", { DOTDEST, SP, VFTREG, C, LIMM11, '(', LISREG, '+', '+', ')' }, MLOP7, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x37d) },
+  { "sqrt", { SP, Q, C, LFTFFTREG }, MLOP7 + VLFSF (~0) + MS + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3bd) },
   { "waitp", { 0 }, 0xffffffff, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x7bf) },
   { "waitq", { 0 }, 0xffffffff, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x3bf) },
   { "xgkick", { LISREG }, MLOP7 + MDEST + MT + MLIMM11, VLOP7 (0x40) + VLIMM11 (0x6fc) },
@@ -481,8 +491,8 @@ static struct txvu_opcode *upper_opcode_map[26 + 1];
 static struct txvu_opcode *lower_opcode_map[26 + 1];
 
 /* Indexed by insn code.  Points to chain of opcodes with same insn code.  */
-static struct txvu_opcode *upper_icode_map[64];
-static struct txvu_opcode *lower_icode_map[64];
+static struct txvu_opcode *upper_icode_map[(1 << TXVU_ICODE_HASH_SIZE) - 1];
+static struct txvu_opcode *lower_icode_map[(1 << TXVU_ICODE_HASH_SIZE) - 1];
 
 /* Initialize any tables that need it.
    Must be called once at start up (or when first needed).