Add unit test for copy_bitwise

This adds a unit test for the copy_bitwise function in dwarf2loc.c.
With the old (broken) version of copy_bitwise this test would generate
the following failure message:

(gdb) maintenance selftest
Self test failed: copy_bitwise 11000000 != 10000000 (7+2 -> 0)

gdb/ChangeLog:
2016-11-24  Andreas Arnez  <arnez@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
	    Pedro Alves  <palves@redhat.com>

	* dwarf2loc.c (bits_to_str, check_copy_bitwise)
	(copy_bitwise_tests): New functions.
	(_initialize_dwarf2loc): Register the new function
	copy_bitwise_tests as a unit test.
	* selftest.c (run_self_tests): Improve the failure message's
	wording and formatting.

3 files changed, 151 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/gdb/ChangeLog b/gdb/ChangeLog
index aa2fe41..d667a37 100644
--- a/gdb/ChangeLog
+++ b/gdb/ChangeLog
@@ -1,4 +1,14 @@
 2016-11-24  Andreas Arnez  <arnez@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
+	    Pedro Alves  <palves@redhat.com>
+
+	* dwarf2loc.c (bits_to_str, check_copy_bitwise)
+	(copy_bitwise_tests): New functions.
+	(_initialize_dwarf2loc): Register the new function
+	copy_bitwise_tests as a unit test.
+	* selftest.c (run_self_tests): Improve the failure message's
+	wording and formatting.
+
+2016-11-24  Andreas Arnez  <arnez@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 
 	* dwarf2loc.c (extract_bits_primitive): Remove.
 	(extract_bits): Remove.
diff --git a/gdb/dwarf2loc.c b/gdb/dwarf2loc.c
index b238133..61f197b 100644
--- a/gdb/dwarf2loc.c
+++ b/gdb/dwarf2loc.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "dwarf2loc.h"
 #include "dwarf2-frame.h"
 #include "compile/compile.h"
+#include "selftest.h"
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -1567,6 +1568,141 @@ copy_bitwise (gdb_byte *dest, ULONGEST dest_offset,
     }
 }
 
+#if GDB_SELF_TEST
+
+namespace selftests {
+
+/* Helper function for the unit test of copy_bitwise.  Convert NBITS bits
+   out of BITS, starting at OFFS, to the respective '0'/'1'-string.  MSB0
+   specifies whether to assume big endian bit numbering.  Store the
+   resulting (not null-terminated) string at STR.  */
+
+static void
+bits_to_str (char *str, const gdb_byte *bits, ULONGEST offs,
+	     ULONGEST nbits, int msb0)
+{
+  unsigned int j;
+  size_t i;
+
+  for (i = offs / 8, j = offs % 8; nbits; i++, j = 0)
+    {
+      unsigned int ch = bits[i];
+      for (; j < 8 && nbits; j++, nbits--)
+	*str++ = (ch & (msb0 ? (1 << (7 - j)) : (1 << j))) ? '1' : '0';
+    }
+}
+
+/* Check one invocation of copy_bitwise with the given parameters.  */
+
+static void
+check_copy_bitwise (const gdb_byte *dest, unsigned int dest_offset,
+		    const gdb_byte *source, unsigned int source_offset,
+		    unsigned int nbits, int msb0)
+{
+  size_t len = align_up (dest_offset + nbits, 8);
+  char *expected = (char *) alloca (len + 1);
+  char *actual = (char *) alloca (len + 1);
+  gdb_byte *buf = (gdb_byte *) alloca (len / 8);
+
+  /* Compose a '0'/'1'-string that represents the expected result of
+     copy_bitwise below:
+      Bits from [0, DEST_OFFSET) are filled from DEST.
+      Bits from [DEST_OFFSET, DEST_OFFSET + NBITS) are filled from SOURCE.
+      Bits from [DEST_OFFSET + NBITS, LEN) are filled from DEST.
+
+     E.g., with:
+      dest_offset: 4
+      nbits:       2
+      len:         8
+      dest:        00000000
+      source:      11111111
+
+     We should end up with:
+      buf:         00001100
+                   DDDDSSDD (D=dest, S=source)
+  */
+  bits_to_str (expected, dest, 0, len, msb0);
+  bits_to_str (expected + dest_offset, source, source_offset, nbits, msb0);
+
+  /* Fill BUF with data from DEST, apply copy_bitwise, and convert the
+     result to a '0'/'1'-string.  */
+  memcpy (buf, dest, len / 8);
+  copy_bitwise (buf, dest_offset, source, source_offset, nbits, msb0);
+  bits_to_str (actual, buf, 0, len, msb0);
+
+  /* Compare the resulting strings.  */
+  expected[len] = actual[len] = '\0';
+  if (strcmp (expected, actual) != 0)
+    error (_("copy_bitwise %s != %s (%u+%u -> %u)"),
+	   expected, actual, source_offset, nbits, dest_offset);
+}
+
+/* Unit test for copy_bitwise.  */
+
+static void
+copy_bitwise_tests (void)
+{
+  /* Data to be used as both source and destination buffers.  The two
+     arrays below represent the lsb0- and msb0- encoded versions of the
+     following bit string, respectively:
+       00000000 00011111 11111111 01001000 10100101 11110010
+     This pattern is chosen such that it contains:
+     - constant 0- and 1- chunks of more than a full byte;
+     - 0/1- and 1/0 transitions on all bit positions within a byte;
+     - several sufficiently asymmetric bytes.
+  */
+  static const gdb_byte data_lsb0[] = {
+    0x00, 0xf8, 0xff, 0x12, 0xa5, 0x4f
+  };
+  static const gdb_byte data_msb0[] = {
+    0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0x48, 0xa5, 0xf2
+  };
+
+  constexpr size_t data_nbits = 8 * sizeof (data_lsb0);
+  constexpr unsigned max_nbits = 24;
+
+  /* Try all combinations of:
+      lsb0/msb0 bit order (using the respective data array)
+       X [0, MAX_NBITS] copy bit width
+       X feasible source offsets for the given copy bit width
+       X feasible destination offsets
+  */
+  for (int msb0 = 0; msb0 < 2; msb0++)
+    {
+      const gdb_byte *data = msb0 ? data_msb0 : data_lsb0;
+
+      for (unsigned int nbits = 1; nbits <= max_nbits; nbits++)
+	{
+	  const unsigned int max_offset = data_nbits - nbits;
+
+	  for (unsigned source_offset = 0;
+	       source_offset <= max_offset;
+	       source_offset++)
+	    {
+	      for (unsigned dest_offset = 0;
+		   dest_offset <= max_offset;
+		   dest_offset++)
+		{
+		  check_copy_bitwise (data + dest_offset / 8,
+				      dest_offset % 8,
+				      data + source_offset / 8,
+				      source_offset % 8,
+				      nbits, msb0);
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* Special cases: copy all, copy nothing.  */
+      check_copy_bitwise (data_lsb0, 0, data_msb0, 0, data_nbits, msb0);
+      check_copy_bitwise (data_msb0, 0, data_lsb0, 0, data_nbits, msb0);
+      check_copy_bitwise (data, data_nbits - 7, data, 9, 0, msb0);
+    }
+}
+
+} /* namespace selftests */
+
+#endif /* GDB_SELF_TEST */
+
 static void
 read_pieced_value (struct value *v)
 {
@@ -4527,4 +4663,8 @@ _initialize_dwarf2loc (void)
 			     NULL,
 			     show_entry_values_debug,
 			     &setdebuglist, &showdebuglist);
+
+#if GDB_SELF_TEST
+  register_self_test (selftests::copy_bitwise_tests);
+#endif
 }
diff --git a/gdb/selftest.c b/gdb/selftest.c
index 110b9e5..f771e57 100644
--- a/gdb/selftest.c
+++ b/gdb/selftest.c
@@ -50,8 +50,7 @@ run_self_tests (void)
       CATCH (ex, RETURN_MASK_ERROR)
 	{
 	  ++failed;
-	  exception_fprintf (gdb_stderr, ex,
-			     _("Self test threw exception"));
+	  exception_fprintf (gdb_stderr, ex, _("Self test failed: "));
 	}
       END_CATCH
     }