Fix regresssion(internal-error) printing subprogram argument (PR gdb/22670)

At <https://sourceware.org/ml/gdb-patches/2017-12/msg00298.html>, Joel
wrote:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Consider the following code which first declares a tagged type (the
equivalent of a class in Ada), and then a procedure which takes a
pointer (access) to this type's 'Class.

    package Pck is
       type Top_T is tagged record
          N : Integer := 1;
       end record;
       procedure Inspect (Obj: access Top_T'Class);
    end Pck;

Putting a breakpoint in that procedure and then running to it triggers
an internal error:

    (gdb) break inspect
    (gdb) continue
    Breakpoint 1, pck.inspect (obj=0x63e010
    /[...]/gdb/stack.c:621: internal-error: void print_frame_args(symbol*, frame_info*, int, ui_file*): Assertion `nsym != NULL' failed.

What's special about this subprogram is that it takes an access to
what we call a 'Class type, and for implementation reasons, the
compiler adds an extra argument named "objL". If you are curious why,
it allows the compiler for perform dynamic accessibility checks that
are mandated by the language.

If we look at the location where we get the internal error (in
stack.c), we find that we are looping over the symbol of each
parameter, and for each parameter, we do:

    /* We have to look up the symbol because arguments can have
       two entries (one a parameter, one a local) and the one we
       want is the local, which lookup_symbol will find for us.
    [...]
        nsym = lookup_symbol (SYMBOL_LINKAGE_NAME (sym),
                              b, VAR_DOMAIN, NULL).symbol;
        gdb_assert (nsym != NULL);

The lookup_symbol goes through the lookup structure, which means the
symbol's linkage name ("objL") gets transformed into a
lookup_name_info object (in block_lookup_symbol), before it gets fed
to the block symbol dictionary iterators.  This, in turn, triggers the
symbol matching by comparing the "lookup" name which, for Ada, means
among other things, lowercasing the given name to "objl".  It is this
transformation that causes the lookup find no matches, and therefore
trip this assertion.

Going back to the "offending" call to lookup_symbol in stack.c, what
we are trying to do, here, is do a lookup by linkage name.  So, I
think what we mean to be doing is a completely literal symbol lookup,
so maybe not even strcmp_iw, but actually just plain strcmp???

In the past, in practice, you could get that effect by doing a lookup
using the C language. But that doesn't work, because we still end up
somehow using Ada's lookup_name routine which transforms "objL".

So, ideally, as I hinted before, I think what we need is a way to
perform a literal lookup so that searches by linkage names like the
above can be performed.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This commit fixes the problem by implementing something similar to
Joel's literal idea, but with some important differences.

I considered adding a symbol_name_match_type::LINKAGE and supporting
searching by linkage name for any language, but the problem with that
is that the dictionaries only work with SYMBOL_SEARCH_NAME, because
that's what is used for hashing.  We'd need separate dictionaries for
hashed linkage names.

So with the current symbol tables infrastructure, it's not literal
linkage names that we want to pass down, but instead literal _search_
names (SYMBOL_SEARCH_NAME, etc.).

However, psymbols have no overload/function parameter info in C++, so
a straight strcmp doesn't work properly for C++ name matching.

So what we do is be a little less aggressive then and add a new
symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_SYMBOL instead that takes as input a
non-user-input search symbol, and then we skip any decoding/demangling
steps and make:

 - Ada treat that as a verbatim match,
 - other languages treat it as symbol_name_match_type::FULL.

This also fixes the new '"maint check-psymtabs" for Ada' testcase for
me (gdb.ada/maint_with_ada.exp).  I've not removed the kfail yet
because Joel still sees that testcase failing with this patch.
That'll be fixed in follow up patches.

gdb/ChangeLog:
2018-01-05  Pedro Alves  <palves@redhat.com>

	PR gdb/22670
	* ada-lang.c (literal_symbol_name_matcher): New function.
	(ada_get_symbol_name_matcher): Use it for
	symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME.
	* block.c (block_lookup_symbol): New parameter 'match_type'.  Pass
	it down instead of assuming symbol_name_match_type::FULL.
	* block.h (block_lookup_symbol): New parameter 'match_type'.
	* c-valprint.c (print_unpacked_pointer): Use
	lookup_symbol_search_name instead of lookup_symbol.
	* compile/compile-object-load.c (get_out_value_type): Pass down
	symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME.
	* cp-namespace.c (cp_basic_lookup_symbol): Pass down
	symbol_name_match_type::FULL.
	* cp-support.c (cp_get_symbol_name_matcher): Handle
	symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME.
	* infrun.c (insert_exception_resume_breakpoint): Use
	lookup_symbol_search_name.
	* p-valprint.c (pascal_val_print): Use lookup_symbol_search_name.
	* psymtab.c (maintenance_check_psymtabs): Use
	symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME and SYMBOL_SEARCH_NAME.
	* stack.c (print_frame_args): Use lookup_symbol_search_name and
	SYMBOL_SEARCH_NAME.
	* symtab.c (lookup_local_symbol): Don't demangle the lookup name
	if symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME.
	(lookup_symbol_in_language): Pass down
	symbol_name_match_type::FULL.
	(lookup_symbol_search_name): New.
	(lookup_language_this): Pass down
	symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME.
	(lookup_symbol_aux, lookup_local_symbol): New parameter
	'match_type'.  Pass it down.
	* symtab.h (symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME): New enumerator.
	(lookup_symbol_search_name): New declaration.
	(lookup_symbol_in_block): New 'match_type' parameter.

gdb/testsuite/ChangeLog:
2018-01-05  Joel Brobecker  <brobecker@adacore.com>

	PR gdb/22670
	* gdb.ada/access_tagged_param.exp: New file.
	* gdb.ada/access_tagged_param/foo.adb: New file.

1 files changed, 41 insertions, 14 deletions

diff --git a/gdb/symtab.c b/gdb/symtab.c
index 3865420..146dc2e 100644
--- a/gdb/symtab.c
+++ b/gdb/symtab.c
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ static int find_line_common (struct linetable *, int, int *, int);
 
 static struct block_symbol
   lookup_symbol_aux (const char *name,
+		     symbol_name_match_type match_type,
 		     const struct block *block,
 		     const domain_enum domain,
 		     enum language language,
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ static struct block_symbol
 
 static
 struct block_symbol lookup_local_symbol (const char *name,
+					 symbol_name_match_type match_type,
 					 const struct block *block,
 					 const domain_enum domain,
 					 enum language language);
@@ -1773,14 +1775,18 @@ demangle_for_lookup_info::demangle_for_lookup_info
 
       if (without_params != NULL)
 	{
-	  m_demangled_name = demangle_for_lookup (without_params.get (),
-						  lang, storage);
+	  if (lookup_name.match_type () != symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME)
+	    m_demangled_name = demangle_for_lookup (without_params.get (),
+						    lang, storage);
 	  return;
 	}
     }
 
-  m_demangled_name = demangle_for_lookup (lookup_name.name ().c_str (),
-					  lang, storage);
+  if (lookup_name.match_type () == symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME)
+    m_demangled_name = lookup_name.name ();
+  else
+    m_demangled_name = demangle_for_lookup (lookup_name.name ().c_str (),
+					    lang, storage);
 }
 
 /* See symtab.h.  */
@@ -1876,7 +1882,9 @@ lookup_symbol_in_language (const char *name, const struct block *block,
   demangle_result_storage storage;
   const char *modified_name = demangle_for_lookup (name, lang, storage);
 
-  return lookup_symbol_aux (modified_name, block, domain, lang,
+  return lookup_symbol_aux (modified_name,
+			    symbol_name_match_type::FULL,
+			    block, domain, lang,
 			    is_a_field_of_this);
 }
 
@@ -1895,6 +1903,16 @@ lookup_symbol (const char *name, const struct block *block,
 /* See symtab.h.  */
 
 struct block_symbol
+lookup_symbol_search_name (const char *search_name, const struct block *block,
+			   domain_enum domain)
+{
+  return lookup_symbol_aux (search_name, symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME,
+			    block, domain, language_asm, NULL);
+}
+
+/* See symtab.h.  */
+
+struct block_symbol
 lookup_language_this (const struct language_defn *lang,
 		      const struct block *block)
 {
@@ -1915,7 +1933,9 @@ lookup_language_this (const struct language_defn *lang,
     {
       struct symbol *sym;
 
-      sym = block_lookup_symbol (block, lang->la_name_of_this, VAR_DOMAIN);
+      sym = block_lookup_symbol (block, lang->la_name_of_this,
+				 symbol_name_match_type::SEARCH_NAME,
+				 VAR_DOMAIN);
       if (sym != NULL)
 	{
 	  if (symbol_lookup_debug > 1)
@@ -1986,7 +2006,8 @@ check_field (struct type *type, const char *name,
    (e.g., demangled name) of the symbol that we're looking for.  */
 
 static struct block_symbol
-lookup_symbol_aux (const char *name, const struct block *block,
+lookup_symbol_aux (const char *name, symbol_name_match_type match_type,
+		   const struct block *block,
 		   const domain_enum domain, enum language language,
 		   struct field_of_this_result *is_a_field_of_this)
 {
@@ -2015,7 +2036,7 @@ lookup_symbol_aux (const char *name, const struct block *block,
   /* Search specified block and its superiors.  Don't search
      STATIC_BLOCK or GLOBAL_BLOCK.  */
 
-  result = lookup_local_symbol (name, block, domain, language);
+  result = lookup_local_symbol (name, match_type, block, domain, language);
   if (result.symbol != NULL)
     {
       if (symbol_lookup_debug)
@@ -2097,7 +2118,9 @@ lookup_symbol_aux (const char *name, const struct block *block,
    Don't search STATIC_BLOCK or GLOBAL_BLOCK.  */
 
 static struct block_symbol
-lookup_local_symbol (const char *name, const struct block *block,
+lookup_local_symbol (const char *name,
+		     symbol_name_match_type match_type,
+		     const struct block *block,
 		     const domain_enum domain,
 		     enum language language)
 {
@@ -2112,7 +2135,7 @@ lookup_local_symbol (const char *name, const struct block *block,
 
   while (block != static_block)
     {
-      sym = lookup_symbol_in_block (name, block, domain);
+      sym = lookup_symbol_in_block (name, match_type, block, domain);
       if (sym != NULL)
 	return (struct block_symbol) {sym, block};
 
@@ -2165,7 +2188,8 @@ lookup_objfile_from_block (const struct block *block)
 /* See symtab.h.  */
 
 struct symbol *
-lookup_symbol_in_block (const char *name, const struct block *block,
+lookup_symbol_in_block (const char *name, symbol_name_match_type match_type,
+			const struct block *block,
 			const domain_enum domain)
 {
   struct symbol *sym;
@@ -2181,7 +2205,7 @@ lookup_symbol_in_block (const char *name, const struct block *block,
 			  domain_name (domain));
     }
 
-  sym = block_lookup_symbol (block, name, domain);
+  sym = block_lookup_symbol (block, name, match_type, domain);
   if (sym)
     {
       if (symbol_lookup_debug > 1)
@@ -2370,7 +2394,8 @@ lookup_symbol_via_quick_fns (struct objfile *objfile, int block_index,
 
   bv = COMPUNIT_BLOCKVECTOR (cust);
   block = BLOCKVECTOR_BLOCK (bv, block_index);
-  result.symbol = block_lookup_symbol (block, name, domain);
+  result.symbol = block_lookup_symbol (block, name,
+				       symbol_name_match_type::FULL, domain);
   if (result.symbol == NULL)
     error_in_psymtab_expansion (block_index, name, cust);
 
@@ -2483,7 +2508,9 @@ lookup_symbol_in_static_block (const char *name,
 			  domain_name (domain));
     }
 
-  sym = lookup_symbol_in_block (name, static_block, domain);
+  sym = lookup_symbol_in_block (name,
+				symbol_name_match_type::FULL,
+				static_block, domain);
   if (symbol_lookup_debug)
     {
       fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,