* common.h: Fix case of "Meta".

	* metag.h: New file.

	* dis-asm.h (print_insn_metag): New declaration.

	* metag.h: New file.

	* Makefile.am: Add Meta.
	* Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* configure: Regenerate.
	* configure.in: Add Meta.
	* disassemble.c: Add Meta support.
	* metag-dis.c: New file.

	* Makefile.am: Add Meta.
	* Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* archures.c (bfd_mach_metag): New.
	* bfd-in2.h: Regenerate.
	* config.bfd: Add Meta.
	* configure: Regenerate.
	* configure.in: Add Meta.
	* cpu-metag.c: New file.
	* elf-bfd.h: Add Meta.
	* elf32-metag.c: New file.
	* elf32-metag.h: New file.
	* libbfd.h: Regenerate.
	* reloc.c: Add Meta relocations.
	* targets.c: Add Meta.

	* Makefile.am: Add Meta.
	* Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* config/tc-metag.c: New file.
	* config/tc-metag.h: New file.
	* configure.tgt: Add Meta.
	* doc/Makefile.am: Add Meta.
	* doc/Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* doc/all.texi: Add Meta.
	* doc/as.texiinfo: Document Meta options.
	* doc/c-metag.texi: New file.

	* gas/metag/labelarithmetic.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/labelarithmetic.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore12.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore12.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore21-invalid.l: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore21-invalid.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore21.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore21.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore21ext.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metacore21ext.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metadsp21-invalid.l: New file.
	* gas/metag/metadsp21-invalid.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metadsp21.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metadsp21.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metadsp21ext.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metadsp21ext.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metafpu21.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metafpu21.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metafpu21ext.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/metafpu21ext.s: New file.
	* gas/metag/metag.exp: New file.
	* gas/metag/tls.d: New file.
	* gas/metag/tls.s: New file.

	* Makefile.am: Add Meta.
	* Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* configure.tgt: Add Meta.
	* emulparams/elf32metag.sh: New file.
	* emultempl/metagelf.em: New file.

	* ld-elf/merge.d: Mark Meta as xfail.
	* ld-gc/start.d: Skip this test on Meta.
	* ld-gc/personality.d: Skip this test on Meta.
	* ld-metag/external.s: New file.
	* ld-metag/metag.exp: New file.
	* ld-metag/pcrel.d: New file.
	* ld-metag/pcrel.s: New file.
	* ld-metag/shared.d: New file.
	* ld-metag/shared.r: New file.
	* ld-metag/shared.s: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub.d: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub.s: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_pic_app.d: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_pic_app.r: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_pic_app.s: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_pic_shared.d: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_pic_shared.s: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_shared.d: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_shared.r: New file.
	* ld-metag/stub_shared.s: New file.

	* binutils/readelf.c: (guess_is_rela): Add EM_METAG.
	(dump_relocations): Add EM_METAG.
	(get_machine_name): Correct case for Meta.
	(is_32bit_abs_reloc): Add support for Meta ADDR32 reloc.
	(is_none_reloc): Add support for Meta NONE reloc.

2 files changed, 7187 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gas/config/tc-metag.c b/gas/config/tc-metag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5e603a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gas/config/tc-metag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,7115 @@
+/* tc-metag.c -- Assembler for the Imagination Technologies Meta.
+   Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Contributed by Imagination Technologies Ltd.
+
+   This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
+
+   GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	 See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+   Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+   02110-1301, USA.  */
+
+#include "as.h"
+#include "subsegs.h"
+#include "symcat.h"
+#include "safe-ctype.h"
+#include "hashtab.h"
+#include "libbfd.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "opcode/metag.h"
+
+const char comment_chars[]        = "!";
+const char line_comment_chars[]   = "!#";
+const char line_separator_chars[] = ";";
+const char FLT_CHARS[]            = "rRsSfFdDxXpP";
+const char EXP_CHARS[]            = "eE";
+const char metag_symbol_chars[]   = "[";
+
+static char register_chars[256];
+static char mnemonic_chars[256];
+
+#define is_register_char(x) (register_chars[(unsigned char) x])
+#define is_mnemonic_char(x) (mnemonic_chars[(unsigned char) x])
+#define is_whitespace_char(x) (((x) == ' ') || ((x) == '\t'))
+#define is_space_char(x) ((x) == ' ')
+
+#define FPU_PREFIX_CHAR 'f'
+#define DSP_PREFIX_CHAR 'd'
+
+/* Instruction mnemonics that need disambiguating with respect to prefixes.  */
+#define FFB_INSN        "ffb"
+#define DCACHE_INSN     "dcache"
+#define DEFR_INSN       "defr"
+
+#define FPU_DOUBLE_CHAR 'd'
+#define FPU_PAIR_CHAR   'l'
+
+#define DSP_DUAL_CHAR	'l'
+
+#define END_OF_INSN     '\0'
+
+/* Maximum length of a mnemonic including all suffixes.  */
+#define MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN 16
+/* Maximum length of a register name.  */
+#define MAX_REG_LEN      17
+
+/* Addressing modes must be enclosed with square brackets.  */
+#define ADDR_BEGIN_CHAR '['
+#define ADDR_END_CHAR   ']'
+/* Immediates must be prefixed with a hash.  */
+#define IMM_CHAR        '#'
+
+#define COMMA           ','
+#define PLUS            '+'
+#define MINUS           '-'
+
+/* Short units are those that can be encoded with 2 bits.  */
+#define SHORT_UNITS     "D0, D1, A0 or A1"
+
+static unsigned int mcpu_opt = CoreMeta12;
+static unsigned int mfpu_opt = 0;
+static unsigned int mdsp_opt = 0;
+
+const char * md_shortopts = "m:";
+
+struct option md_longopts[] =
+{
+  {NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0}
+};
+size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
+
+/* Parser hash tables.  */
+static htab_t mnemonic_htab;
+static htab_t reg_htab;
+static htab_t dsp_reg_htab;
+static htab_t dsp_tmpl_reg_htab[2];
+static htab_t scond_htab;
+
+#define GOT_NAME "__GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE__"
+symbolS * GOT_symbol;
+
+enum fpu_insn_width {
+  FPU_WIDTH_SINGLE,
+  FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE,
+  FPU_WIDTH_PAIR,
+};
+
+#define FPU_ACTION_ABS_CHAR   'a'
+#define FPU_ACTION_INV_CHAR   'i'
+#define FPU_ACTION_QUIET_CHAR 'q'
+#define FPU_ACTION_ZERO_CHAR  'z'
+
+#define FPU_ACTION_ABS        0x1
+#define FPU_ACTION_INV        0x2
+#define FPU_ACTION_QUIET      0x4
+#define FPU_ACTION_ZERO       0x8
+
+enum dsp_insn_width {
+  DSP_WIDTH_SINGLE,
+  DSP_WIDTH_DUAL,
+};
+
+#define DSP_ACTION_QR64_CHAR     'q'
+#define DSP_ACTION_UMUL_CHAR     'u'
+#define DSP_ACTION_ROUND_CHAR    'r'
+#define DSP_ACTION_CLAMP9_CHAR   'g'
+#define DSP_ACTION_CLAMP8_CHAR   'b'
+#define DSP_ACTION_MOD_CHAR      'm'
+#define DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO_CHAR 'z'
+#define DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD_CHAR  'p'
+#define DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB_CHAR  'n'
+#define DSP_ACTION_OV_CHAR       'o'
+
+#define DSP_ACTION_QR64          0x001
+#define DSP_ACTION_UMUL          0x002
+#define DSP_ACTION_ROUND         0x004
+#define DSP_ACTION_CLAMP9        0x008
+#define DSP_ACTION_CLAMP8        0x010
+#define DSP_ACTION_MOD           0x020
+#define DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO      0x040
+#define DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD       0x080
+#define DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB       0x100
+#define DSP_ACTION_OV            0x200
+
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_8_CHAR    'b'
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_16_CHAR   'w'
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_TEMP_CHAR 't'
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_HIGH_CHAR 'h'
+
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_8         0x1
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_16        0x2
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_TEMP      0x4
+#define DSP_DAOPPAME_HIGH      0x8
+
+/* Structure holding information about a parsed instruction.  */
+typedef struct {
+  /* Instruction type.  */
+  enum insn_type type;
+  /* Split condition code. */
+  enum scond_code scond;
+
+  /* Instruction bits.  */
+  unsigned int bits;
+  /* Size of the instruction in bytes.  */
+  size_t len;
+
+  /* FPU instruction encoding.  */
+  enum fpu_insn_width fpu_width;
+  unsigned int fpu_action_flags;
+
+  /* DSP instruction encoding. */
+  enum dsp_insn_width dsp_width;
+  unsigned int dsp_action_flags;
+  unsigned int dsp_daoppame_flags;
+
+  /* Reloc encoding information, maximum of one reloc per insn.  */
+  enum bfd_reloc_code_real reloc_type;
+  int reloc_pcrel;
+  expressionS reloc_exp;
+  unsigned int reloc_size;
+} metag_insn;
+
+/* Structure holding information about a parsed addressing mode.  */
+typedef struct {
+  const metag_reg *base_reg;
+  const metag_reg *offset_reg;
+
+  expressionS exp;
+
+  enum bfd_reloc_code_real reloc_type;
+
+  /* Whether we have an immediate or not.  */
+  unsigned short immediate:1;
+  /* Whether or not the base register is updated.  */
+  unsigned short update:1;
+  /* Whether the operation uses the address pre or post increment.  */
+  unsigned short post_increment:1;
+  /* Whether the immediate should be negated.  */
+  unsigned short negate:1;
+} metag_addr;
+
+/* Linked list of possible parsers for this instruction.  */
+typedef struct _insn_templates {
+  const insn_template *template;
+  struct _insn_templates *next;
+} insn_templates;
+
+/* Parse an instruction that takes no operands.  */
+static const char *
+parse_none (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  insn->bits = template->meta_opcode;
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return line;
+}
+
+/* Return the next non-whitespace character in LINE or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+skip_whitespace (const char *line)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  if (is_whitespace_char (*l))
+    {
+      l++;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Return the next non-space character in LINE or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+skip_space (const char *line)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  if (is_space_char (*l))
+    {
+      l++;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Return the character after the current one in LINE if the current
+   character is a comma, otherwise NULL.  */
+static const char *
+skip_comma (const char *line)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  if (l == NULL || *l != COMMA)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l++;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Return the metag_reg struct corresponding to NAME or NULL if no such
+   register exists.  */
+static const metag_reg *
+parse_gp_reg (const char *name)
+{
+  const metag_reg *reg;
+  metag_reg entry;
+
+  entry.name = name;
+
+  reg = (const metag_reg *) htab_find (reg_htab, &entry);
+
+  return reg;
+}
+
+/* Parse a list of up to COUNT GP registers from LINE, returning the
+   registers parsed in REGS and the number parsed in REGS_READ. Return
+   a pointer to the next character or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+parse_gp_regs_list (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, size_t count,
+		    size_t *regs_read)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char reg_buf[MAX_REG_LEN];
+  int seen_regs = 0;
+  size_t i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+    {
+      size_t len = 0;
+      const char *next;
+
+      next = l;
+
+      if (i > 0)
+	{
+	  l = skip_comma (l);
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    {
+	      *regs_read = seen_regs;
+	      return next;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      while (is_register_char (*l))
+	{
+	  reg_buf[len] = *l;
+	  l++;
+	  len++;
+	  if (!(len < MAX_REG_LEN))
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+
+      reg_buf[len] = '\0';
+
+      if (len)
+	{
+	  const metag_reg *reg = parse_gp_reg (reg_buf);
+
+	  if (!reg)
+	    {
+	      *regs_read = seen_regs;
+	      return next;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      regs[i] = reg;
+	      seen_regs++;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  *regs_read = seen_regs;
+	  return next;
+	}
+    }
+
+  *regs_read = seen_regs;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a list of exactly COUNT GP registers from LINE, returning the
+   registers parsed in REGS. Return a pointer to the next character or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+parse_gp_regs (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, size_t count)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  size_t regs_read = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, count, &regs_read);
+
+  if (regs_read != count)
+    return NULL;
+  else
+    return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a list of exactly COUNT FPU registers from LINE, returning the
+   registers parsed in REGS. Return a pointer to the next character or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fpu_regs (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, size_t count)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  size_t regs_read = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, count, &regs_read);
+
+  if (regs_read != count)
+    return NULL;
+  else
+    {
+      size_t i;
+      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+	{
+	  if (regs[i]->unit != UNIT_FX)
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+      return l;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if REG1 and REG2 are in paired units.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_unit_pair (const metag_reg *reg1, const metag_reg *reg2)
+{
+  if ((reg1->unit == UNIT_A0 &&
+       (reg2->unit == UNIT_A1)) ||
+      (reg1->unit == UNIT_A1 &&
+       (reg2->unit == UNIT_A0)) ||
+      (reg1->unit == UNIT_D0 &&
+       (reg2->unit == UNIT_D1)) ||
+      (reg1->unit == UNIT_D1 &&
+       (reg2->unit == UNIT_D0)))
+    return TRUE;
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if REG1 and REG2 form a register pair.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_reg_pair (const metag_reg *reg1, const metag_reg *reg2)
+{
+  if (reg1->unit == UNIT_FX &&
+      reg2->unit == UNIT_FX &&
+      reg2->no == reg1->no + 1)
+    return TRUE;
+
+  if (reg1->no != reg2->no)
+    return FALSE;
+
+  return is_unit_pair (reg1, reg2);
+}
+
+/* Parse a pair of GP registers from LINE, returning the registers parsed
+   in REGS. Return a pointer to the next character or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+parse_pair_gp_regs (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (line, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+      l = parse_gp_regs (line, regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RD)
+	return l;
+      else
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (is_reg_pair (regs[0], regs[1]))
+    return l;
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse a unit-to-unit MOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mov_u2u (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	       const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  line = parse_gp_regs (line, regs, 2);
+
+  if (line == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!mfpu_opt && (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_FX || regs[1]->unit == UNIT_FX))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("no floating point unit specified"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[1]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[0]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[1]->unit << 10) |
+		(regs[0]->unit << 5));
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return line;
+}
+
+/* Parse a MOV to port instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mov_port (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  unsigned int is_movl = MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == MOVL_MINOR;
+  const metag_reg *dest_regs[2];
+  const metag_reg *port_regs[1];
+
+  if (is_movl)
+    l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 2);
+  else
+    l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (template->insn_type == INSN_FPU && dest_regs[0]->unit != UNIT_FX)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, port_regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (port_regs[0]->unit != UNIT_RD ||
+      port_regs[0]->no != 0)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (is_movl)
+    {
+      if (!is_unit_pair (dest_regs[0], dest_regs[1]))
+	return NULL;
+
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		    (dest_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+		    (dest_regs[1]->no << 9) |
+		    ((dest_regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+    }
+  else
+    insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		  (dest_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+		  (dest_regs[0]->unit << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a MOVL to TTREC instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_movl_ttrec (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		  const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *src_regs[2];
+  const metag_reg *dest_regs[1];
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (dest_regs[0]->unit != UNIT_TT ||
+      dest_regs[0]->no != 3)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!is_unit_pair (src_regs[0], src_regs[1]))
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(src_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(src_regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		((src_regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 7));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an incrementing or decrementing addressing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_addr_incr_op (const char *line, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const char *ll;
+
+  ll = l + 1;
+
+  if (*l == PLUS &&
+      *ll == PLUS)
+    {
+      addr->update = 1;
+      ll++;
+      return ll;
+    }
+  else if (*l == MINUS &&
+	   *ll == MINUS)
+    {
+      addr->update = 1;
+      addr->negate = 1;
+      ll++;
+      return ll;
+    }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse an pre-incrementing or pre-decrementing addressing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_addr_pre_incr_op (const char *line, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  return parse_addr_incr_op (line, addr);
+}
+
+/* Parse an post-incrementing or post-decrementing addressing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_addr_post_incr_op (const char *line, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  const char *l;
+
+  l = parse_addr_incr_op (line, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  addr->post_increment = 1;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an infix addressing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_addr_op (const char *line, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const char *ll;
+
+  ll = l + 1;
+
+  if (*l == PLUS)
+    {
+      if (*ll == PLUS)
+	{
+	  addr->update = 1;
+	  ll++;
+	  return ll;
+	}
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse the immediate portion of an addrssing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_imm_addr (const char *line, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char *save_input_line_pointer;
+  expressionS *exp = &addr->exp;
+
+  /* Skip #.  */
+  if (*l == '#')
+    l++;
+  else
+    return NULL;
+
+  save_input_line_pointer = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = (char *) l;
+
+  expression (exp);
+
+  l = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = save_input_line_pointer;
+
+  if (exp->X_op == O_absent || exp->X_op == O_big)
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  else if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
+    {
+      return l;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (exp->X_op == O_PIC_reloc &&
+	  exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSET_GOT)
+	{
+	  exp->X_op = O_symbol;
+	  addr->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSET_GOT;
+	}
+      else if (exp->X_op == O_PIC_reloc &&
+	       exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IE)
+	{
+	  exp->X_op = O_symbol;
+	  addr->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IE;
+	}
+      else if (exp->X_op == O_PIC_reloc &&
+	  exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_GOTOFF)
+	{
+	  exp->X_op = O_symbol;
+	  addr->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSET_GOTOFF;
+	}
+      else
+	addr->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSETOFF;
+      return l;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Parse the offset portion of an addressing mode (register or immediate).  */
+static const char *
+parse_addr_offset (const char *line, metag_addr *addr, int size)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+
+  if (*l == IMM_CHAR)
+    {
+      /* ++ is a valid operator in our addressing but not in an expr. Make
+	 sure that the expression parser never sees it.  */
+      char *ppp = strstr(l, "++");
+      char ppch = '+';
+
+      if (ppp)
+	*ppp = '\0';
+
+      l = parse_imm_addr (l, addr);
+
+      if (ppp)
+	*ppp = ppch;
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (addr->exp.X_add_number % size)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("offset must be a multiple of %d"), size);
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      addr->immediate = 1;
+      return l;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (regs[0]->unit != addr->base_reg->unit)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("offset and base must be from the same unit"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      addr->offset_reg = regs[0];
+      return l;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Parse an addressing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_addr (const char *line, metag_addr *addr, unsigned int size)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const char *ll;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+
+  /* Skip opening square bracket.  */
+  l++;
+
+  ll = parse_addr_pre_incr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (ll != NULL)
+    l = ll;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  addr->base_reg = regs[0];
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      addr->exp.X_op = O_constant;
+      addr->exp.X_add_symbol = NULL;
+      addr->exp.X_op_symbol = NULL;
+      if (addr->update == 1)
+	{
+	  /* We have a pre increment/decrement.  */
+	  addr->exp.X_add_number = size;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Simple register with no offset (0 immediate).  */
+	  addr->exp.X_add_number = 0;
+	}
+      addr->immediate = 1;
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  /* We already had a pre increment/decrement.  */
+  if (addr->update == 1)
+    return NULL;
+
+  ll = parse_addr_post_incr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (ll && *ll == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      if (addr->update == 1)
+	{
+	  /* We have a post increment/decrement.  */
+	  addr->exp.X_op = O_constant;
+	  addr->exp.X_add_number = size;
+	  addr->exp.X_add_symbol = NULL;
+	  addr->exp.X_op_symbol = NULL;
+	  addr->post_increment = 1;
+	}
+      addr->immediate = 1;
+      ll++;
+      return ll;
+    }
+
+  addr->post_increment = 0;
+
+  l = parse_addr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_addr_offset (l, addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  /* We already had a pre increment/decrement. */
+  if (addr->update == 1)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_addr_post_incr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse a GET or pipeline MOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_get (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, metag_addr *addr,
+	   unsigned int size, bfd_boolean is_mov)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  if (size == 8)
+    {
+      l = parse_pair_gp_regs (l, regs);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  if (!is_mov)
+	    as_bad (_("invalid destination register"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+      if (!is_mov)
+	as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a SET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_set (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, metag_addr *addr,
+	   unsigned int size)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (size == 8)
+    {
+      const char *ll = l;
+
+      ll = parse_pair_gp_regs (l, regs);
+
+      if (ll == NULL)
+	{
+	  /* Maybe this is an RD register, which is 64 bits wide so needs no
+	     pair.  */
+	  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+	  if (l == NULL ||
+	      regs[0]->unit != UNIT_RD)
+	    {
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	l = ll;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid source register"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Check a signed integer value can be represented in the given number
+   of bits.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+within_signed_range (int value, unsigned int bits)
+{
+  int min_val = -(1 << (bits - 1));
+  int max_val = (1 << (bits - 1)) - 1;
+  return (value <= max_val) && (value >= min_val);
+}
+
+/* Check an unsigned integer value can be represented in the given number
+   of bits.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+within_unsigned_range (unsigned int value, unsigned int bits)
+{
+  return value < (unsigned int)(1 << bits);
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if UNIT can be expressed using a short code.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_short_unit (enum metag_unit unit)
+{
+  switch (unit)
+    {
+    case UNIT_A0:
+    case UNIT_A1:
+    case UNIT_D0:
+    case UNIT_D1:
+      return TRUE;
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Copy reloc data from ADDR to INSN.  */
+static void
+copy_addr_reloc (metag_insn *insn, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  memcpy (&insn->reloc_exp, &addr->exp, sizeof(insn->reloc_exp));
+  insn->reloc_type = addr->reloc_type;
+}
+
+/* Parse a GET, SET or pipeline MOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_get_set (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	       const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  metag_addr addr;
+  unsigned int size = metag_get_set_size_bytes (template->meta_opcode);
+  bfd_boolean is_get = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_GET;
+  unsigned int reg_no;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (is_get)
+    {
+      bfd_boolean is_mov = strncmp (template->name, "MOV", 3) == 0;
+
+      l = parse_get (l, regs, &addr, size, is_mov);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!(regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1 ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RD && is_mov) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_CT && size == 4) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_PC && size == 4) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_TR && size == 4) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_TT && (size == 4 || size == 8)) ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_FX))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid destination unit"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RD)
+	{
+	  if (regs[0]->no == 0)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("mov cannot use RD port as destination"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      reg_no = regs[0]->no;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_set (l, regs, &addr, size);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!(regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RD ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_CT && size == 4) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_PC && size == 4) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_TR && size == 4) ||
+	    (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_TT && (size == 4 || size == 8)) ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_FX))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid source unit"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (addr.immediate == 0 &&
+	  (regs[0]->unit == addr.base_reg->unit ||
+	   (size == 8 && is_unit_pair (regs[0], addr.base_reg))))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("source and address units must not be shared for this addressing mode"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RD)
+	{
+	  if (regs[0]->no != 0)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("set can only use RD port as source"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	  reg_no = 16;
+	}
+      else
+	reg_no = regs[0]->no;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(reg_no << 19) |
+		(regs[0]->unit << 1));
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		 ((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+
+  if (addr.immediate)
+    {
+      int offset = addr.exp.X_add_number;
+
+      copy_addr_reloc (insn, &addr);
+
+      if (addr.negate)
+	offset = -offset;
+
+      offset = offset / (int)size;
+
+      if (!within_signed_range (offset, GET_SET_IMM_BITS))
+	{
+	  /* We already tried to encode as an extended GET/SET.  */
+	  as_bad (_("offset value out of range"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      offset = offset & GET_SET_IMM_MASK;
+
+      insn->bits |= (0x1 << 25);
+      insn->bits |= (offset << 8);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      insn->bits |= (addr.offset_reg->no << 9);
+    }
+
+  if (addr.update)
+    insn->bits |= (0x1 << 7);
+
+  if (addr.post_increment)
+    insn->bits |= 0x1;
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an extended GET or SET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_get_set_ext (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		   const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  metag_addr addr;
+  unsigned int size = metag_get_set_ext_size_bytes (template->meta_opcode);
+  bfd_boolean is_get = MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == GET_EXT_MINOR;
+  bfd_boolean is_mov = MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == MOV_EXT_MINOR;
+  unsigned int reg_unit;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (is_get || is_mov)
+    {
+      l = parse_get (l, regs, &addr, size, is_mov);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_set (l, regs, &addr, size);
+    }
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  /* Extended GET/SET does not support incrementing addressing.  */
+  if (addr.update)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (is_mov)
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit != UNIT_RD)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("destination unit must be RD"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      reg_unit = 0;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (!is_short_unit (regs[0]->unit))
+	{
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      reg_unit = regs[0]->unit;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		((reg_unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3));
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (addr.base_reg->no > 1)
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no & EXT_BASE_REG_MASK) |
+		 ((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+
+  if (addr.immediate)
+    {
+      int offset = addr.exp.X_add_number;
+
+      copy_addr_reloc (insn, &addr);
+
+      if (addr.negate)
+	offset = -offset;
+
+      offset = offset / (int)size;
+
+      if (!within_signed_range (offset, GET_SET_EXT_IMM_BITS))
+	{
+	  /* Parsing as a standard GET/SET provides a smaller offset.  */
+	  as_bad (_("offset value out of range"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      offset = offset & GET_SET_EXT_IMM_MASK;
+
+      insn->bits |= (offset << 7);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an MGET or MSET instruction addressing mode.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mget_mset_addr (const char *line, metag_addr *addr)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const char *ll;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+
+  /* Skip opening square bracket.  */
+  l++;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  addr->base_reg = regs[0];
+
+  ll = parse_addr_post_incr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (ll != NULL)
+    l = ll;
+
+  if (addr->negate == 1)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse an MGET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mget (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, metag_addr *addr,
+	    size_t *regs_read)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, MGET_MSET_MAX_REGS, regs_read);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *regs_read == 0)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid destination register list"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_mget_mset_addr (l, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an MSET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mset (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, metag_addr *addr,
+	    size_t *regs_read)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  l = parse_mget_mset_addr (l, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, MGET_MSET_MAX_REGS, regs_read);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *regs_read == 0)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid source register list"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Take a register list REGS of size REGS_READ and convert it into an
+   rmask value if possible. Return the rmask value in RMASK and the
+   lowest numbered register in LOWEST_REG. Return TRUE if the conversion
+   was successful.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+check_rmask (const metag_reg **regs, size_t regs_read, bfd_boolean is_fpu,
+	     bfd_boolean is_64bit, unsigned int *lowest_reg,
+	     unsigned int *rmask)
+{
+  unsigned int reg_unit = regs[0]->unit;
+  size_t i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < regs_read; i++)
+    {
+      if (is_fpu)
+	{
+	  if (is_64bit && regs[i]->no % 2)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("register list must be even numbered"));
+	      return FALSE;
+	    }
+	}
+      else if (regs[i]->unit != reg_unit)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("register list must be from the same unit"));
+	  return FALSE;
+	}
+
+      if (regs[i]->no < *lowest_reg)
+	*lowest_reg = regs[i]->no;
+    }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < regs_read; i++)
+    {
+      unsigned int next_bit, next_reg;
+      if (regs[i]->no == *lowest_reg)
+	continue;
+
+      if (is_fpu && is_64bit)
+	next_reg = ((regs[i]->no / 2) - ((*lowest_reg / 2) + 1));
+      else
+	next_reg = (regs[i]->no - (*lowest_reg + 1));
+
+      next_bit = (1 << next_reg);
+
+      if (*rmask & next_bit)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("register list must not contain duplicates"));
+	  return FALSE;
+	}
+
+      *rmask |= next_bit;
+    }
+
+  return TRUE;
+}
+
+/* Parse an MGET or MSET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mget_mset (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		 const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[MGET_MSET_MAX_REGS];
+  metag_addr addr;
+  bfd_boolean is_get = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_GET;
+  bfd_boolean is_fpu = (MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) & 0x6) == 0x6;
+  bfd_boolean is_64bit = (MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) & 0x1) == 0x1;
+  size_t regs_read = 0;
+  unsigned int rmask = 0, reg_unit = 0, lowest_reg = 0xffffffff;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (is_get)
+    {
+      l = parse_mget (l, regs, &addr, &regs_read);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_mset (l, regs, &addr, &regs_read);
+    }
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!check_rmask (regs, regs_read, is_fpu, is_64bit, &lowest_reg, &rmask))
+    return NULL;
+
+  reg_unit = regs[0]->unit;
+
+  if (is_fpu)
+    {
+      if (reg_unit != UNIT_FX)
+	return NULL;
+
+      reg_unit = 0;
+    }
+  else if (reg_unit == UNIT_FX)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(lowest_reg << 19) |
+		((reg_unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3));
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		 ((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+
+  insn->bits |= (rmask & RMASK_MASK) << 7;
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a list of registers for MMOV pipeline prime.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mmov_prime_list (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs,
+		       unsigned int *rmask)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *ra_regs[MMOV_MAX_REGS];
+  size_t regs_read = 0, i;
+  unsigned int mask = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, 1, &regs_read);
+
+  /* First register must be a port. */
+  if (l == NULL || regs[0]->unit != UNIT_RD)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, ra_regs, MMOV_MAX_REGS, &regs_read);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  /* Check remaining registers match the first.
+
+     Note that we also accept RA (0x10) as input for the remaining registers.
+     Whilst this doesn't represent the instruction in any way we're stuck
+     with it because the embedded assembler accepts it.  */
+  for (i = 0; i < regs_read; i++)
+    {
+      if (ra_regs[i]->unit != UNIT_RD ||
+	  (ra_regs[i]->no != 0x10 && ra_regs[i]->no != regs[0]->no))
+	return NULL;
+
+      mask = (mask << 1) | 0x1;
+    }
+
+  *rmask = mask;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a MMOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mmov (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  unsigned int is_fpu = template->insn_type == INSN_FPU;
+  unsigned int is_prime = ((MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) & 0x2) &&
+			   !is_fpu);
+  unsigned int is_64bit = MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int rmask = 0;
+
+  if (is_prime)
+    {
+      const metag_reg *reg;
+      metag_addr addr;
+
+      memset (&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+
+      l = parse_mmov_prime_list (l, &reg, &rmask);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = parse_mget_mset_addr (l, &addr);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		    (reg->no << 19) |
+		    (addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		    ((rmask & RMASK_MASK) << 7) |
+		    ((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      const metag_reg *regs[MMOV_MAX_REGS + 1];
+      unsigned int lowest_reg = 0xffffffff;
+      size_t regs_read = 0;
+
+      l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, MMOV_MAX_REGS + 1, &regs_read);
+
+      if (l == NULL || regs_read == 0)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!is_short_unit (regs[0]->unit) &&
+	  !(is_fpu && regs[0]->unit == UNIT_FX))
+	{
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (!(regs[regs_read-1]->unit == UNIT_RD &&
+	    regs[regs_read-1]->no == 0))
+	{
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (!check_rmask (regs, regs_read - 1, is_fpu, is_64bit, &lowest_reg,
+			&rmask))
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (is_fpu)
+	{
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(regs[0]->no << 14) |
+			((rmask & RMASK_MASK) << 7));
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			((rmask & RMASK_MASK) << 7) |
+			((regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3));
+	}
+    }
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an immediate constant.  */
+static const char *
+parse_imm_constant (const char *line, metag_insn *insn, int *value)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char *save_input_line_pointer;
+  expressionS *exp = &insn->reloc_exp;
+
+  /* Skip #. */
+  if (*l == '#')
+    l++;
+  else
+    return NULL;
+
+  save_input_line_pointer = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = (char *) l;
+
+  expression (exp);
+
+  l = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = save_input_line_pointer;
+
+  if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
+    {
+      *value = exp->X_add_number;
+
+      return l;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Parse an MDRD instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mdrd (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  unsigned int rmask = 0;
+  int value = 0, i;
+
+  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (value < 1 || value > 8)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("MDRD value must be between 1 and 8"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  for (i = 1; i < value; i++)
+    {
+      rmask <<= 1;
+      rmask |= 1;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(rmask << 7));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a conditional SET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_cond_set (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  metag_addr addr;
+  unsigned int size = metag_cond_set_size_bytes (template->meta_opcode);
+  unsigned int reg_no;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  l = parse_set (l, regs, &addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RD)
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->no != 0)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("set can only use RD port as source"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      reg_no = 16;
+    }
+  else
+    reg_no = regs[0]->no;
+
+  if (addr.update)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!(addr.immediate &&
+	addr.exp.X_add_number == 0))
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(reg_no << 19) |
+		(regs[0]->unit << 10));
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		 ((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an XFR instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_xfr (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	   const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  metag_addr dest_addr, src_addr;
+  unsigned int size = 4;
+
+  memset(&dest_addr, 0, sizeof(dest_addr));
+  memset(&src_addr, 0, sizeof(src_addr));
+  dest_addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+  src_addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, &dest_addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      dest_addr.immediate == 1)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid destination memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, &src_addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      src_addr.immediate == 1)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid source memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (dest_addr.base_reg->unit) ||
+      !is_short_unit (src_addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("address units must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if ((dest_addr.base_reg->unit != dest_addr.offset_reg->unit) ||
+      (src_addr.base_reg->unit != src_addr.offset_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base and offset must be from the same unit"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (dest_addr.update == 1 &&
+      src_addr.update == 1 &&
+      dest_addr.post_increment != src_addr.post_increment)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("source and destination increment mode must agree"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(src_addr.base_reg->no << 19) |
+		(src_addr.offset_reg->no << 14) |
+		((src_addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 2));
+
+  insn->bits |= ((dest_addr.base_reg->no << 9) |
+		 (dest_addr.offset_reg->no << 4) |
+		 ((dest_addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK)));
+
+  if (dest_addr.update == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 26);
+
+  if (src_addr.update == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 27);
+
+  if (dest_addr.post_increment == 1 ||
+      src_addr.post_increment == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 24);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an 8bit immediate value.  */
+static const char *
+parse_imm8 (const char *line, metag_insn *insn, int *value)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char *save_input_line_pointer;
+  expressionS *exp = &insn->reloc_exp;
+
+  /* Skip #. */
+  if (*l == '#')
+    l++;
+  else
+    return NULL;
+
+  save_input_line_pointer = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = (char *) l;
+
+  expression (exp);
+
+  l = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = save_input_line_pointer;
+
+  if (exp->X_op == O_absent || exp->X_op == O_big)
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  else if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
+    {
+      *value = exp->X_add_number;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_REL8;
+      insn->reloc_pcrel = 0;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a 16bit immediate value.  */
+static const char *
+parse_imm16 (const char *line, metag_insn *insn, int *value)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char *save_input_line_pointer;
+  expressionS *exp = &insn->reloc_exp;
+  bfd_boolean is_hi = FALSE;
+  bfd_boolean is_lo = FALSE;
+
+  /* Skip #. */
+  if (*l == '#')
+    l++;
+  else
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (strncasecmp (l, "HI", 2) == 0)
+    {
+      is_hi = TRUE;
+      l += 2;
+    }
+  else if (strncasecmp (l, "LO", 2) == 0)
+    {
+      is_lo = TRUE;
+      l += 2;
+    }
+
+  save_input_line_pointer = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = (char *) l;
+
+  expression (exp);
+
+  l = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = save_input_line_pointer;
+
+  if (exp->X_op == O_absent || exp->X_op == O_big)
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  else if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
+    {
+      if (is_hi)
+	*value = (exp->X_add_number >> 16) & IMM16_MASK;
+      else if (is_lo)
+	*value = exp->X_add_number & IMM16_MASK;
+      else
+	*value = exp->X_add_number;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (exp->X_op == O_PIC_reloc)
+	{
+	  exp->X_op = O_symbol;
+
+	  if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_GOTOFF)
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_HI16_GOTOFF;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_LO16_GOTOFF;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_PLT)
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_HI16_PLT;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_LO16_PLT;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO)
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO_HI16;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO_LO16;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IENONPIC)
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IENONPIC_HI16;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IENONPIC_LO16;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE)
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE_HI16;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE_LO16;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_GD ||
+		   exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDM)
+	    insn->reloc_type = exp->X_md;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (exp->X_op == O_symbol && exp->X_add_symbol == GOT_symbol)
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_HI16_GOTPC;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_LO16_GOTPC;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (is_hi)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_HIADDR16;
+	      else if (is_lo)
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_LOADDR16;
+	      else
+		insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_REL16;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      insn->reloc_pcrel = 0;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a MOV to control unit instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_mov_ct (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+  unsigned int top = template->meta_opcode & 0x1;
+  unsigned int is_trace = (template->meta_opcode >> 2) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int sign_extend = 0;
+  int value = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (is_trace)
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit != UNIT_TT)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit != UNIT_CT)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (value < 0)
+    sign_extend = 1;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3));
+
+  if (sign_extend == 1 && top == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a SWAP instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_swap (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[1]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[0]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[1]->unit << 10) |
+		(regs[0]->unit << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a JUMP instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_jump (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+  int value = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (regs[0]->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("register unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return FALSE;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) |
+		((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a 19bit immediate value.  */
+static const char *
+parse_imm19 (const char *line, metag_insn *insn, int *value)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char *save_input_line_pointer;
+  expressionS *exp = &insn->reloc_exp;
+
+  /* Skip #.  */
+  if (*l == '#')
+    l++;
+
+  save_input_line_pointer = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = (char *) l;
+
+  expression (exp);
+
+  l = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = save_input_line_pointer;
+
+  if (exp->X_op == O_absent || exp->X_op == O_big)
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  else if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
+    {
+      *value = exp->X_add_number;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (exp->X_op == O_PIC_reloc)
+	{
+	  exp->X_op = O_symbol;
+
+	  if (exp->X_md == BFD_RELOC_METAG_PLT)
+	    insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_RELBRANCH_PLT;
+	  else
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+      else
+	insn->reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_RELBRANCH;
+      insn->reloc_pcrel = 1;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a CALLR instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_callr (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+  int value = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (regs[0]->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("link register unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (regs[0]->no & ~CALLR_REG_MASK)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("link register must be in a low numbered register"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_imm19 (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!within_signed_range (value / 4, IMM19_BITS))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("target out of range"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no & CALLR_REG_MASK) |
+		((regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3) |
+		((value & IMM19_MASK) << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Return the value for the register field if we apply the O2R modifier
+   to operand 2 REG, combined with UNIT_BIT derived from the destination
+   register or source1. Uses address unit O2R if IS_ADDR is set.  */
+static int
+lookup_o2r (unsigned int is_addr, unsigned int unit_bit, const metag_reg *reg)
+{
+  if (reg->no & ~O2R_REG_MASK)
+    return -1;
+
+  if (is_addr)
+    {
+      if (unit_bit)
+	{
+	  switch (reg->unit)
+	    {
+	    case UNIT_D1:
+	      return reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_D0:
+	      return (1 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_RD:
+	      return (2 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_A0:
+	      return (3 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    default:
+	      return -1;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  switch (reg->unit)
+	    {
+	    case UNIT_A1:
+	      return reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_D0:
+	      return (1 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_RD:
+	      return (2 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_D1:
+	      return (3 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    default:
+	      return -1;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (unit_bit)
+	{
+	  switch (reg->unit)
+	    {
+	    case UNIT_A1:
+	      return reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_D0:
+	      return (1 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_RD:
+	      return (2 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_A0:
+	      return (3 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    default:
+	      return -1;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  switch (reg->unit)
+	    {
+	    case UNIT_A1:
+	      return reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_D1:
+	      return (1 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_RD:
+	      return (2 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    case UNIT_A0:
+	      return (3 << 3) | reg->no;
+	    default:
+	      return -1;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+/* Parse GP ALU instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_alu (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	   const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *dest_regs[1];
+  const metag_reg *src_regs[2];
+  int value = 0;
+  unsigned int o1z = 0;
+  unsigned int imm = (template->meta_opcode >> 25) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int cond = (template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int ca = (template->meta_opcode >> 5) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int top = template->meta_opcode & 0x1;
+  unsigned int sign_extend = 0;
+  unsigned int is_addr_op = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_ADDR;
+  unsigned int is_mul = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_MUL;
+  unsigned int unit_bit = 0;
+  bfd_boolean is_quickrot = template->arg_type & GP_ARGS_QR;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (is_addr_op)
+    {
+      if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0)
+	unit_bit = 0;
+      else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1)
+	unit_bit = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+	unit_bit = 0;
+      else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	unit_bit = 1;
+    }
+
+  if ((MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_ADDR ||
+      MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_ADD ||
+       MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_SUB) &&
+      ((template->meta_opcode >> 2) & 0x1))
+    o1z = 1;
+
+  if (imm)
+    {
+      if (!cond)
+	{
+	  if (is_addr_op)
+	    {
+	      if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      if (cond)
+	{
+	  l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 1);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+	  if (l == NULL ||
+	      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (is_addr_op)
+	    {
+	      if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  if (src_regs[0]->unit != dest_regs[0]->unit && !ca)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  l = parse_imm8 (l, insn, &value);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM8_BITS))
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			(src_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+			((value & IMM8_MASK) << 6));
+
+	  if (ca)
+	    {
+	      if (is_addr_op)
+		{
+		  if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0)
+		    unit_bit = 0;
+		  else if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1)
+		    unit_bit = 1;
+		  else
+		    return NULL;
+		}
+	      else
+		{
+		  if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+		    unit_bit = 0;
+		  else if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+		    unit_bit = 1;
+		  else
+		    return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      insn->bits |= dest_regs[0]->unit << 1;
+	    }
+	}
+      else if (o1z)
+	{
+	  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &value);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (value < 0)
+	    {
+	      if (!within_signed_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("immediate out of range"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	      sign_extend = 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("immediate out of range"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3));
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 1);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (!(src_regs[0]->unit == dest_regs[0]->unit))
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  /* CPC is valid for address ops. */
+	  if (src_regs[0]->no != dest_regs[0]->no &&
+	      !(is_addr_op && src_regs[0]->no == 0x10))
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+	  if (l == NULL ||
+	      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &value);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (value < 0)
+	    {
+	      if (!within_signed_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("immediate out of range"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	      sign_extend = 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("immediate out of range"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			(src_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3));
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      unsigned int o2r = 0;
+      int rs2;
+
+      if (cond || !o1z)
+	l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 2);
+      else
+	l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (cond || !o1z)
+	{
+	  if (is_addr_op)
+	    {
+	      if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (src_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (is_addr_op)
+	    {
+	      if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_A1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+		unit_bit = 0;
+	      else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+		unit_bit = 1;
+	      else
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      if (cond)
+	{
+	  if (src_regs[0]->unit != src_regs[1]->unit)
+	    {
+	      rs2 = lookup_o2r (is_addr_op, unit_bit, src_regs[1]);
+
+	      if (rs2 < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	      o2r = 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      rs2 = src_regs[1]->no;
+	    }
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			(src_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+			(rs2 << 9));
+
+	  if (is_mul)
+	    {
+	      if (dest_regs[0]->unit != src_regs[0]->unit && is_mul)
+		{
+		  if (ca)
+		    {
+		      insn->bits |= dest_regs[0]->unit << 1;
+		    }
+		  else
+		    return NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+	  else
+	    insn->bits |= dest_regs[0]->unit << 5;
+	}
+      else if (o1z)
+	{
+	  if (dest_regs[0]->unit != src_regs[0]->unit)
+	    {
+	      rs2 = lookup_o2r (is_addr_op, unit_bit, src_regs[0]);
+
+	      if (rs2 < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	      o2r = 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      rs2 = src_regs[0]->no;
+	    }
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			(rs2 << 9));
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (dest_regs[0]->unit != src_regs[0]->unit)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (dest_regs[0]->unit != src_regs[1]->unit)
+	    {
+	      rs2 = lookup_o2r (is_addr_op, unit_bit, src_regs[1]);
+
+	      if (rs2 < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	      o2r = 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      rs2 = src_regs[1]->no;
+	    }
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			(src_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+			(rs2 << 9));
+	}
+
+      if (o2r)
+	insn->bits |= 1;
+    }
+
+  if (is_quickrot)
+    {
+      const metag_reg *qr_regs[1];
+      bfd_boolean limit_regs = imm && cond;
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (l == NULL ||
+	  *l == END_OF_INSN)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = parse_gp_regs (l, qr_regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!((unit_bit == 0 && qr_regs[0]->unit != UNIT_A0) ||
+	    !(unit_bit == 1 && qr_regs[0]->unit != UNIT_A1)))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid quickrot unit specified"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      switch (qr_regs[0]->no)
+	{
+	case 2:
+	  break;
+	case 3:
+	  if (!limit_regs)
+	    {
+	      insn->bits |= (1 << 7);
+	      break;
+	    }
+	default:
+	  as_bad (_("invalid quickrot register specified"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (sign_extend == 1 && top == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+
+  insn->bits |= unit_bit << 24;
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a B instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_branch (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  int value = 0;
+
+  l = parse_imm19 (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!within_signed_range (value / 4, IMM19_BITS))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("target out of range"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		((value & IMM19_MASK) << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a KICK instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_kick (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[1]->unit != UNIT_TR)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("source register must be in the trigger unit"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[1]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[0]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[0]->unit << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a SWITCH instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_switch (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  int value = 0;
+
+  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM24_BITS))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("target out of range"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(value & IMM24_MASK));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a shift instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_shift (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  const metag_reg *src2_regs[1];
+  int value = 0;
+  unsigned int cond = (template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int ca = (template->meta_opcode >> 5) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int unit_bit = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+    unit_bit = 0;
+  else if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+    unit_bit = 1;
+  else
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[0]->unit != regs[1]->unit && !(cond && ca))
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (*l == '#')
+    {
+      l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &value);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM5_BITS))
+	return NULL;
+
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		    (1 << 25) |
+		    (regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		    (regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		    ((value & IMM5_MASK) << 9));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_gp_regs (l, src2_regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		    (regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		    (regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		    (src2_regs[0]->no << 9));
+
+      if (src2_regs[0]->unit != regs[1]->unit)
+	{
+	  as_bad(_("Source registers must be in the same unit"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (regs[0]->unit != regs[1]->unit)
+    {
+      if (cond && ca)
+	{
+	  if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+	    unit_bit = 0;
+	  else if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	    unit_bit = 1;
+	  else
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  insn->bits |= ((1 << 5) |
+			 (regs[0]->unit << 1));
+	}
+      else
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= unit_bit << 24;
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a MIN or MAX instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_min_max (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	       const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[3];
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 3);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!(regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0 ||
+	regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1))
+      return NULL;
+
+  if (!(regs[0]->unit == regs[1]->unit &&
+	regs[1]->unit == regs[2]->unit))
+      return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[2]->no << 9));
+
+  if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 24);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a bit operation instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_bitop (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  unsigned int swap_inst = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_MISC;
+  unsigned int is_bexl = 0;
+
+  if (swap_inst &&
+      ((template->meta_opcode >> 1) & 0xb) == 0xa)
+    is_bexl = 1;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!(regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0 ||
+	regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1))
+      return NULL;
+
+  if (is_bexl)
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0 &&
+	  regs[1]->unit != UNIT_D1)
+	return NULL;
+      else if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1 &&
+	       regs[1]->unit != UNIT_D0)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+  else if (!(regs[0]->unit == regs[1]->unit))
+      return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  if (swap_inst)
+    {
+      if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	insn->bits |= 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	insn->bits |= (1 << 24);
+    }
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a CMP or TST instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_cmp (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	   const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *dest_regs[1];
+  const metag_reg *src_regs[1];
+  int value = 0;
+  unsigned int imm = (template->meta_opcode >> 25) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int cond = (template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1;
+  unsigned int top = template->meta_opcode & 0x1;
+  unsigned int sign_extend = 0;
+  unsigned int unit_bit = 0;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+    unit_bit = 0;
+  else if (dest_regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+    unit_bit = 1;
+  else
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (imm)
+    {
+      if (cond)
+	{
+	  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &value);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM8_BITS))
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+			((value & IMM8_MASK) << 6));
+
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &value);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (value < 0)
+	    {
+	      if (!within_signed_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("immediate out of range"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	      sign_extend = 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("immediate out of range"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+			(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+			((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3));
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      unsigned int o2r = 0;
+      int rs2;
+
+      l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 1);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (dest_regs[0]->unit != src_regs[0]->unit)
+	{
+	  rs2 = lookup_o2r (0, unit_bit, src_regs[0]);
+
+	  if (rs2 < 0)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  o2r = 1;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  rs2 = src_regs[0]->no;
+	}
+
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		    (dest_regs[0]->no << 14) |
+		    (rs2 << 9));
+
+      if (o2r)
+	insn->bits |= 1;
+    }
+
+  if (sign_extend == 1 && top == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+
+  insn->bits |= unit_bit << 24;
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a CACHEW instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_cachew (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *src_regs[2];
+  unsigned int size = ((template->meta_opcode >> 1) & 0x1) ? 8 : 4;
+  metag_addr addr;
+  int offset;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, &addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      !is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit) ||
+      addr.update ||
+      !addr.immediate)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (size == 4)
+    l = parse_gp_regs (l, src_regs, 1);
+  else
+    l = parse_pair_gp_regs (l, src_regs);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      !is_short_unit (src_regs[0]->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid source register"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  offset = addr.exp.X_add_number;
+
+  if (addr.negate)
+    offset = -offset;
+
+  offset = offset / 64;
+
+  if (!within_signed_range (offset, GET_SET_IMM_BITS))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("offset value out of range"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(src_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		((offset & GET_SET_IMM_MASK) << 8) |
+		((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5) |
+		((src_regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a CACHEW instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_cacher (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *dest_regs[2];
+  unsigned int size = ((template->meta_opcode >> 1) & 0x1) ? 8 : 4;
+  metag_addr addr;
+  int offset;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (size == 4)
+    l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 1);
+  else
+    l = parse_pair_gp_regs (l, dest_regs);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      !is_short_unit (dest_regs[0]->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid destination register"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, &addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      !is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit) ||
+      addr.update ||
+      !addr.immediate)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  offset = addr.exp.X_add_number;
+
+  if (addr.negate)
+    offset = -offset;
+
+  offset = offset / (int)size;
+
+  if (!within_signed_range (offset, GET_SET_IMM_BITS))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("offset value out of range"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		((offset & GET_SET_IMM_MASK) << 8) |
+		((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5) |
+		((dest_regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an ICACHE instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_icache (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  int offset;
+  int pfcount;
+
+  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &offset);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!within_signed_range (offset, IMM15_BITS))
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &pfcount);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!within_unsigned_range (pfcount, IMM4_BITS))
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		((offset & IMM15_MASK) << 9) |
+		((pfcount & IMM4_MASK) << 1));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a LNKGET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_lnkget (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *dest_regs[2];
+  unsigned int size = metag_get_set_ext_size_bytes (template->meta_opcode);
+  metag_addr addr;
+  int offset;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (size == 8)
+    l = parse_pair_gp_regs (l, dest_regs);
+  else
+    l = parse_gp_regs (l, dest_regs, 1);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      !is_short_unit (dest_regs[0]->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid destination register"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_addr (l, &addr, size);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      !is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit) ||
+      addr.update ||
+      !addr.immediate)
+    {
+	  as_bad (_("invalid memory operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+    }
+
+  offset = addr.exp.X_add_number;
+
+  if (addr.negate)
+    offset = -offset;
+
+  offset = offset / size;
+
+  if (!within_signed_range (offset, GET_SET_IMM_BITS))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("offset value out of range"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(dest_regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		((offset & GET_SET_IMM_MASK) << 8) |
+		((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5) |
+		((dest_regs[0]->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 3));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU MOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fmov (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU MMOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fmmov (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  bfd_boolean to_fpu = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_GET;
+  bfd_boolean is_mmovl = MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) & 0x1;
+  size_t regs_read = 0;
+  const metag_reg *regs[16];
+  unsigned int lowest_data_reg = 0xffffffff;
+  unsigned int lowest_fpu_reg = 0xffffffff;
+  unsigned int rmask = 0, data_unit;
+  size_t i;
+  int last_reg = -1;
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width != FPU_WIDTH_SINGLE)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs_list (l, regs, 16, &regs_read);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs_read % 2)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (to_fpu)
+    {
+      for (i = 0; i < regs_read / 2; i++)
+	{
+	  if (regs[i]->unit != UNIT_FX)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (last_reg == -1)
+	    {
+	      last_reg = regs[i]->no;
+	      lowest_fpu_reg = last_reg;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (is_mmovl)
+		{
+		  if (regs[i]->no != (unsigned int)(last_reg + 2))
+		    return NULL;
+		}
+	      else if (regs[i]->no != (unsigned int)(last_reg + 1))
+		return NULL;
+
+	      last_reg = regs[i]->no;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      if (regs[i]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+	data_unit = 0;
+      else if (regs[i]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	data_unit = 1;
+      else
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!check_rmask (&regs[i], regs_read / 2, TRUE, FALSE, &lowest_data_reg,
+			&rmask))
+	return NULL;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+	data_unit = 0;
+      else if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	data_unit = 1;
+      else
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!check_rmask (regs, regs_read / 2, TRUE, FALSE, &lowest_data_reg,
+			&rmask))
+	return NULL;
+
+      for (i = regs_read / 2; i < regs_read; i++)
+	{
+	  if (regs[i]->unit != UNIT_FX)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (last_reg == -1)
+	    {
+	      last_reg = regs[i]->no;
+	      lowest_fpu_reg = last_reg;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (is_mmovl)
+		{
+		  if (regs[i]->no != (unsigned int)(last_reg + 2))
+		    return NULL;
+		}
+	      else if (regs[i]->no != (unsigned int)(last_reg + 1))
+		return NULL;
+
+	      last_reg = regs[i]->no;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		((lowest_data_reg & REG_MASK) << 19) |
+		((lowest_fpu_reg & REG_MASK) << 14) |
+		((rmask & RMASK_MASK) << 7) |
+		data_unit);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU data unit MOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fmov_data (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  unsigned int to_fpu = ((template->meta_opcode >> 7) & 0x1);
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  unsigned int base_unit;
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_gp_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (to_fpu)
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit != UNIT_FX)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+	base_unit = 0;
+      else if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	base_unit = 1;
+      else
+	return NULL;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0)
+	base_unit = 0;
+      else if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1)
+	base_unit = 1;
+      else
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (regs[1]->unit != UNIT_FX)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(base_unit << 24) |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 9));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU immediate MOV instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fmov_i (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+  int value = 0;
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 1);
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &value);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 2);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU PACK instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fpack (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[3];
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 3);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[0]->no % 2)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("destination register should be even numbered"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[2]->no << 9));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU SWAP instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fswap (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width != FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[0]->no % 2)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[1]->no % 2)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU CMP instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fcmp (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line, *l2;
+  const metag_reg *regs1[1];
+  const metag_reg *regs2[1];
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs1, 1);
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l2 = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs2, 1);
+
+  if (l2 != NULL)
+    {
+      insn->bits = (regs2[0]->no << 9);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      int constant = 0;
+      l2 = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &constant);
+      if (!l2 || constant != 0)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("comparison must be with register or #0"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      insn->bits = (1 << 8);
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= (template->meta_opcode |
+		 (regs1[0]->no << 14));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_ABS)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 19);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_QUIET)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 7);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l2;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU MIN or MAX instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fminmax (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	       const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[3];
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 3);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[2]->no << 9));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU data conversion instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fconv (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    {
+      if (strncasecmp (template->name, "FTOH", 4) &&
+	  strncasecmp (template->name, "HTOF", 4) &&
+	  strncasecmp (template->name, "FTOI", 4) &&
+	  strncasecmp (template->name, "ITOF", 4))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("instruction cannot operate on pair values"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_ZERO)
+    {
+      if (strncasecmp (template->name, "FTOI", 4) &&
+	  strncasecmp (template->name, "DTOI", 4) &&
+	  strncasecmp (template->name, "DTOL", 4))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("zero flag is not valid for this instruction"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!strncasecmp (template->name, "DTOL", 4) ||
+      !strncasecmp (template->name, "LTOD", 4))
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->no % 2)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("destination register should be even numbered"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (regs[1]->no % 2)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("source register should be even numbered"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_ZERO)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 12);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU extended data conversion instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fconvx (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	      const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  int fraction_bits = 0;
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    {
+      if (strncasecmp (template->name, "FTOX", 4) &&
+	  strncasecmp (template->name, "XTOF", 4))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("instruction cannot operate on pair values"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (l == NULL ||
+      *l == END_OF_INSN)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &fraction_bits);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  if (strncasecmp (template->name, "DTOXL", 5) &&
+      strncasecmp (template->name, "XLTOD", 5))
+    {
+      if (!within_unsigned_range (fraction_bits, IMM5_BITS))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("fraction bits value out of range"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      insn->bits |= ((fraction_bits & IMM5_MASK) << 9);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (!within_unsigned_range (fraction_bits, IMM6_BITS))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("fraction bits value out of range"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      insn->bits |= ((fraction_bits & IMM6_MASK) << 8);
+    }
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU basic arithmetic instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fbarith (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	       const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[3];
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 3);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[2]->no << 9));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_INV)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 7);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a floating point accumulator name.  */
+static const char *
+parse_acf (const char *line, int *part)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  size_t i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(metag_acftab)/sizeof(metag_acftab[0]); i++)
+    {
+      const metag_acf *acf = &metag_acftab[i];
+      size_t name_len = strlen (acf->name);
+
+      if (strncasecmp (l, acf->name, name_len) == 0)
+	{
+	  l += name_len;
+	  *part = acf->part;
+	  return l;
+	}
+    }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU extended arithmetic instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fearith (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	       const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[3];
+  bfd_boolean is_muz = (MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == 0x6 &&
+			((template->meta_opcode >> 4) & 0x1));
+  unsigned int is_o3o = template->meta_opcode & 0x1;
+  unsigned int is_mac = 0;
+  unsigned int is_maw = 0;
+
+  if (!strncasecmp (template->name, "MAW", 3))
+    is_maw = 1;
+
+  if (!strncasecmp (template->name, "MAC", 3))
+    {
+      int part;
+      l = parse_acf (l, &part);
+
+      if (l == NULL || part != 0)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      l = parse_fpu_regs (l, &regs[1], 2);
+
+      is_mac = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (is_o3o && is_maw)
+	l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 2);
+      else
+	l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 3);
+    }
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (is_o3o && is_maw)
+    insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		  (regs[1]->no << 9));
+  else
+    insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		  (regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  if (!(is_o3o && is_maw))
+    insn->bits |= (regs[2]->no << 9);
+
+  if (is_o3o && is_maw)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[0]->no << 14);
+  else if (!is_mac)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[0]->no << 19);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+
+  if (!is_mac && !is_maw)
+    if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_INV)
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 7);
+
+  if (is_muz)
+    if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_QUIET)
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU RCP or RSQ instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_frec (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 2);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 6);
+  else if (insn->fpu_width == FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_ZERO)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 10);
+  else if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_QUIET)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 9);
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_INV)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 7);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU vector arithmetic instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_fsimd (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	     const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[3];
+
+  if (insn->fpu_width != FPU_WIDTH_PAIR)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("simd instructions operate on pair values (L prefix)"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = parse_fpu_regs (l, regs, 3);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[0]->no % 2)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("destination register should be even numbered"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if ((regs[1]->no % 2) ||
+      (regs[2]->no % 2))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("source registers should be even numbered"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(regs[0]->no << 19) |
+		(regs[1]->no << 14) |
+		(regs[2]->no << 9));
+
+  if (insn->fpu_action_flags & FPU_ACTION_INV)
+    insn->bits |= (1 << 7);
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU accumulator GET or SET instruction. */
+static const char *
+parse_fget_set_acf (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  int part;
+  metag_addr addr;
+  bfd_boolean is_get = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_GET;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (is_get)
+    {
+      l = parse_acf (l, &part);
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = parse_mget_mset_addr (l, &addr);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_mget_mset_addr (l, &addr);
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = parse_acf (l, &part);
+    }
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode |
+		(part << 19));
+
+  if (!is_short_unit (addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base unit must be one of %s"), SHORT_UNITS);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no << 14) |
+		 ((addr.base_reg->unit & SHORT_UNIT_MASK) << 5));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Copy the name of the next register in LINE to REG_BUF.  */
+static size_t
+strip_reg_name(const char *line, char *reg_buf)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  size_t len = 0;
+
+  while (is_register_char (*l))
+    {
+      reg_buf[len] = *l;
+      l++;
+      len++;
+      if (!(len < MAX_REG_LEN))
+	return 0;
+    }
+
+  if (len)
+    reg_buf[len] = '\0';
+
+  return len;
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP register from LINE into REG using only the registers
+   from DSP_REGTAB. Return the next character or NULL.  */
+static const char *
+__parse_dsp_reg (const char *line, const metag_reg **reg, htab_t dsp_regtab)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char name[MAX_REG_LEN];
+  size_t len = 0;
+  metag_reg entry;
+  const metag_reg *_reg;
+
+  /* We don't entirely strip the register name because we might
+     actually want to match whole string in the register table,
+     e.g. "D0AW.1++" not just "D0AW.1". The string length of the table
+     entry limits our comaprison to a reasonable bound anyway.  */
+  while (is_register_char (*l) || *l == PLUS)
+    {
+      name[len] = *l;
+      l++;
+      len++;
+      if (!(len < MAX_REG_LEN))
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  if (!len)
+    return NULL;
+
+  name[len] = '\0';
+  entry.name = name;
+
+  _reg = (const metag_reg *) htab_find (dsp_regtab, &entry);
+  if (!_reg)
+    return NULL;
+
+  *reg = _reg;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP register and setup "reg" with a metag_reg whose "no"
+   member is suitable for encoding into a DSP insn register field.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dsp_insn_reg (const char *line, const metag_reg **reg)
+{
+  return __parse_dsp_reg (line, reg, dsp_reg_htab);
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP register and setup "reg" with a metag_reg whose "no"
+   member is suitable for encoding into a DSP template definition insn
+   register field.
+
+   There is a separate table for whether we're doing a load or a store
+   definition. "load" specifies which table to look at.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dsp_template_reg (const char *line, const metag_reg **reg,
+			bfd_boolean load)
+{
+  return __parse_dsp_reg (line, reg, dsp_tmpl_reg_htab[load]);
+}
+
+/* Parse a single DSP register from LINE.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dsp_reg (const char *line, const metag_reg **reg,
+	       bfd_boolean tmpl, bfd_boolean load)
+{
+  if (tmpl)
+    return parse_dsp_template_reg (line, reg, load);
+  else
+    return parse_dsp_insn_reg (line, reg);
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if UNIT is an address unit.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_addr_unit (enum metag_unit unit)
+{
+  switch (unit)
+    {
+    case UNIT_A0:
+    case UNIT_A1:
+      return TRUE;
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if UNIT1 and UNIT2 are equivalent units.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_same_data_unit (enum metag_unit unit1, enum metag_unit unit2)
+{
+  if (unit1 == unit2)
+    return TRUE;
+
+  switch (unit1)
+    {
+    case UNIT_D0:
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_ACC_D0 || unit2 == UNIT_RAM_D0)
+	return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case UNIT_D1:
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_ACC_D1 || unit2 == UNIT_RAM_D1)
+	return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case UNIT_ACC_D0:
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_D0 || unit2 == UNIT_RAM_D0)
+	return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case UNIT_ACC_D1:
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_D1 || unit2 == UNIT_RAM_D1)
+	return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case UNIT_RAM_D0:
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_ACC_D0 || unit2 == UNIT_D0)
+	return TRUE;
+      break;
+    case UNIT_RAM_D1:
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_ACC_D1 || unit2 == UNIT_D1)
+	return TRUE;
+      break;
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+    }
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if the register NUM is a quickrot control register.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_quickrot_reg (unsigned int num)
+{
+  switch (num)
+    {
+    case 2:
+    case 3:
+      return TRUE;
+    }
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if REG is an accumulator register.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_accumulator_reg (const metag_reg *reg)
+{
+  if (reg->unit == UNIT_ACC_D0 || reg->unit == UNIT_ACC_D1)
+    return TRUE;
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if REG is a DSP RAM register.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_dspram_reg (const metag_reg *reg)
+{
+  if (reg->unit == UNIT_RAM_D0 || reg->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1)
+      return TRUE;
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+static const char *
+__parse_gp_reg (const char *line, const metag_reg **reg, bfd_boolean load)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  char reg_buf[MAX_REG_LEN];
+  size_t len = 0;
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  /* Parse [DSPRAM.x].  */
+  if (*l == ADDR_BEGIN_CHAR)
+    {
+      l++;
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = parse_dsp_reg (l, reg, TRUE, load);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+	l++;
+      else
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("expected ']', not %c in %s"), *l, l);
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      return l;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+
+      len = strip_reg_name (l, reg_buf);
+      if (!len)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l += len;
+      *reg = parse_gp_reg (reg_buf);
+      if (*reg == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a list of DSP/GP registers. TRY_GP indicates whether we
+   should try to parse the register as a general-purpose register if
+   we fail to parse it as a DSP one. TMPL indicates whether the
+   registers are part of a template definition instruction. If this is
+   a template definition instruction LOAD says whether it's a load
+   template insn. FIRST_DST indicates whether the first register is
+   a destination operand.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dsp_regs_list (const char *line, const metag_reg **regs, size_t count,
+		     size_t *regs_read, bfd_boolean try_gp, bfd_boolean tmpl,
+		     bfd_boolean load, bfd_boolean first_dst)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  int seen_regs = 0;
+  size_t i;
+  const metag_reg *reg;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+    {
+      const char *next, *ll;
+
+      next = l;
+
+      if (i > 0)
+	{
+	  l = skip_comma (l);
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    {
+	      *regs_read = seen_regs;
+	      return next;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      ll = parse_dsp_reg (l, &reg, tmpl, load);
+
+      if (!ll)
+	{
+	  if (try_gp)
+	    {
+	      l = __parse_gp_reg (l, &reg, !(first_dst && i == 0));
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		{
+		  *regs_read = seen_regs;
+		  return next;
+		}
+	      regs[i] = reg;
+	      seen_regs++;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      *regs_read = seen_regs;
+	      return l;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  regs[i] = reg;
+	  seen_regs++;
+	  l = ll;
+	}
+    }
+
+  *regs_read = seen_regs;
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse the following memory references:
+
+     - [Ax.r]
+     - [Ax.r++]
+     - [Ax.r--]
+     - [Ax.r+Ax.r++]
+     - [Ax.r-Ax.r--]
+
+     - [DSPRam]
+     - [DSPRam++]
+     - [DSPRam+DSPRam++]
+     - [DSPRam-DSPRam--]  */
+static const char *
+parse_dsp_addr (const char *line, metag_addr *addr, unsigned int size,
+		bfd_boolean load)
+{
+  const char *l = line, *ll;
+  const metag_reg *regs[1];
+  size_t regs_read;
+
+  /* Skip opening square bracket.  */
+  l++;
+
+  l = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, regs, 1, &regs_read, TRUE, TRUE, load, FALSE);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (!is_addr_unit (regs[0]->unit) &&
+      !is_dspram_reg (regs[0]))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid register for memory access"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  addr->base_reg = regs[0];
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      addr->exp.X_op = O_constant;
+      addr->exp.X_add_symbol = NULL;
+      addr->exp.X_op_symbol = NULL;
+
+      /* Simple register with no offset (0 immediate).  */
+      addr->exp.X_add_number = 0;
+
+      addr->immediate = 1;
+      l++;
+
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  ll = parse_addr_post_incr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (ll && *ll == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      if (addr->update == 1)
+	{
+	  /* We have a post increment/decrement.  */
+	  addr->exp.X_op = O_constant;
+	  addr->exp.X_add_number = size;
+	  addr->exp.X_add_symbol = NULL;
+	  addr->exp.X_op_symbol = NULL;
+	  addr->post_increment = 1;
+	}
+      addr->immediate = 1;
+      ll++;
+      return ll;
+    }
+
+  addr->post_increment = 0;
+
+  l = parse_addr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  l = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, regs, 1, &regs_read, TRUE, TRUE, load, FALSE);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (regs[0]->unit != addr->base_reg->unit)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("offset and base must be from the same unit"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  addr->offset_reg = regs[0];
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  l = parse_addr_post_incr_op (l, addr);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  if (*l == ADDR_END_CHAR)
+    {
+      l++;
+      return l;
+    }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP GET or SET instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dget_set (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  metag_addr addr;
+  int unit = 0;
+  int rd_reg = 0;
+  bfd_boolean is_get = (template->meta_opcode & 0x100);
+  bfd_boolean is_dual = (template->meta_opcode & 0x4);
+  bfd_boolean is_template = FALSE;
+  const metag_reg *regs[2];
+  unsigned int size;
+  size_t count, regs_read;
+
+  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+  addr.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  size = is_dual ? 8 : 4;
+  count = is_dual ? 2 : 1;
+
+  if (is_get)
+    {
+      /* GETL can be used on one template table entry.  */
+      if (*l == 'T')
+	count = 1;
+
+      l = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, regs, count, &regs_read, FALSE,
+			       FALSE, FALSE, FALSE);
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("unexpected end of line"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      l = parse_addr (l, &addr, size);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = parse_addr (l, &addr, size);
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      /* GETL can be used on one template table entry.  */
+      if (*l == 'T')
+	count = 1;
+
+      l = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, regs, count, &regs_read, FALSE, FALSE,
+			       FALSE, FALSE);
+    }
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  /* The first register dictates the unit.  */
+  if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_DT)
+      is_template = TRUE;
+  else
+    {
+      if (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D0 || regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D0 ||
+	  regs[0]->unit == UNIT_ACC_D0)
+	unit = 0;
+      else
+	unit = 1;
+    }
+
+  rd_reg = regs[0]->no;
+
+  /* The 'H' modifier allows a DSP GET/SET instruction to target the
+     upper 8-bits of an accumulator. It is _only_ valid for the
+     accumulators.  */
+  if (insn->dsp_daoppame_flags & DSP_DAOPPAME_HIGH)
+    {
+      if (is_template || !(rd_reg >= 16 && rd_reg < 20))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("'H' modifier only valid for accumulator registers"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      /* Top 8-bits of the accumulator.  */
+      rd_reg |= 8;
+    }
+
+  if (is_template)
+    {
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode | (1 << 1));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      insn->bits = (template->meta_opcode | unit);
+    }
+
+  insn->bits |= (rd_reg << 19);
+
+  if (addr.immediate)
+    {
+      int offset = addr.exp.X_add_number;
+
+      if (addr.negate)
+	offset = -offset;
+
+      offset = offset / (int)size;
+
+      if (!within_signed_range (offset, DGET_SET_IMM_BITS))
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("offset value out of range"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      offset = offset & DGET_SET_IMM_MASK;
+
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 13);
+      insn->bits |= (offset << 9);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      int au = (addr.base_reg->unit == UNIT_A1);
+
+      insn->bits |= (au << 18);
+      insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no & REG_MASK) << 14);
+      insn->bits |= ((addr.offset_reg->no & REG_MASK) << 9);
+    }
+
+  if (is_dual)
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 2);
+
+  if (!is_addr_unit (addr.base_reg->unit))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("base unit must be either A0 or A1"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  unit = (addr.base_reg->unit == UNIT_A0) ? 0 : 1;
+  insn->bits |= ((addr.base_reg->no << 14) | (unit << 18));
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP template instruction.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dtemplate (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+		 const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const metag_reg *regs[TEMPLATE_NUM_REGS];
+  bfd_boolean daop_only = FALSE;
+  int regs_val[4];
+  int regs_which[4] = { -1, -1, -1, -1};	/* Register or immediate?  */
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < TEMPLATE_NUM_REGS; i++)
+    {
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("unexpected end of line"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      /* We may only have 3 register operands.  */
+      if (*l == END_OF_INSN && i == 3)
+	{
+	  daop_only = TRUE;
+	  break;
+	}
+
+      if (i != 0)
+	{
+	  l = skip_comma (l);
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (*l == IMM_CHAR)
+	{
+	  l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &regs_val[i]);
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("invalid immediate"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	  regs_which[i] = 0;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* We can't tell from the template instantiation whether
+	     this is a load or store. So we have to try looking up the
+	     register name in both the load and store tables.  */
+	  const char *l2 = l;
+	  l = __parse_gp_reg (l, &regs[i], TRUE);
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    {
+	      /* Try the store table too.  */
+	      l = __parse_gp_reg (l2, &regs[i], FALSE);
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		{
+		  /* Then try a DSP register.  */
+		  l = parse_dsp_insn_reg (l2, &regs[i]);
+		  if (l == NULL || regs[i]->unit == UNIT_DT)
+		    {
+		      as_bad (_("invalid register"));
+		      return NULL;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	  regs_which[i] = 1;
+	}
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = template->meta_opcode;
+
+  if (regs_which[0] == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (regs_val[0] << 19);
+  else if (regs_which[0] == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[0]->no << 19);
+
+  if (regs_which[1] == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (regs_val[1] << 14);
+  else if (regs_which[1] == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[1]->no << 14);
+
+  if (regs_which[2] == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (regs_val[2] << 9);
+  else if (regs_which[2] == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[2]->no << 9);
+
+  if (regs_which[3] == 0)
+    insn->bits |= (regs_val[3] << 4);
+  else if (regs_which[3] == 1)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[3]->no << 4);
+
+  /* DaOp only.  */
+  if (daop_only)
+    insn->bits |= (0x3 << 24); /* Set the minor opcode.  */
+  else if (insn->dsp_daoppame_flags & DSP_DAOPPAME_HIGH) /* Half Load/Store.  */
+    insn->bits |= (0x5 << 24); /* Set the minor opcode.  */
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP Template definiton memory reference, e.g
+   [A0.7+A0.5++]. DSPRAM is set to true by this function if this
+   template definition is a DSP RAM template definition.  */
+static const char *
+template_mem_ref(const char *line, metag_addr *addr,
+		 bfd_boolean *dspram, int size, bfd_boolean load)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  l = parse_dsp_addr (l, addr, size, load);
+
+  if (l != NULL)
+    {
+      if (is_addr_unit(addr->base_reg->unit))
+	*dspram = FALSE;
+      else
+	*dspram = TRUE;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Sets LOAD to TRUE if this is a Template load definiton (otherwise
+   it's a store). Fills out ADDR, TEMPLATE_REG and ADDR_UNIT.  */
+static const char *
+parse_template_regs (const char *line, bfd_boolean *load,
+		     unsigned int *addr_unit,
+		     const metag_reg **template_reg, metag_addr *addr,
+		     bfd_boolean *dspram, int size)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+
+  /* DSP Template load definition (Tx, [Ax]) */
+  if (*l == 'T')
+    {
+      *load = TRUE;
+      l = parse_dsp_reg (l, &template_reg[0], FALSE, FALSE);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      l = template_mem_ref (l, addr, dspram, size, *load);
+
+      if (addr->base_reg->unit == UNIT_A1)
+	*addr_unit = 1;
+
+    }
+  else if (*l == ADDR_BEGIN_CHAR) /* DSP Template store ([Ax], Tx) */
+    {
+      *load = FALSE;
+      l = template_mem_ref (l, addr, dspram, size, *load);
+      l = skip_comma(l);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = parse_dsp_reg (l, &template_reg[0], FALSE, FALSE);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (addr->base_reg->unit == UNIT_A1)
+	*addr_unit = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid register operand"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+#define INVALID_SHIFT (-1)
+
+static metag_reg _reg;
+
+/* Parse a template instruction definition.  */
+static const char *
+interpret_template_regs(const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+			const metag_reg **regs,
+			int *regs_shift, bfd_boolean *load, bfd_boolean *dspram,
+			int size, int *ls_shift, int *au_shift,
+			unsigned int *au, int *imm, int *imm_shift,
+			unsigned int *imm_mask)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  metag_addr addr;
+  const metag_reg *template_reg[1];
+
+  memset (&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+
+  regs_shift[0] = 19;
+  regs_shift[1] = INVALID_SHIFT;
+
+  insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+
+  l = skip_whitespace (l);
+
+  l = parse_template_regs (l, load, au, template_reg,
+			   &addr, dspram, size);
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("could not parse template definition"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  regs[2] = template_reg[0];
+  regs_shift[2] = 9;
+
+  /* DSPRAM definition.  */
+  if (*dspram)
+    {
+
+      _reg = *addr.base_reg;
+
+      if (addr.immediate)
+	{
+	  /* Set the post-increment bit in the register field.  */
+	  if (addr.update)
+	    _reg.no |= 0x1;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* The bottom bit of the increment register tells us
+	     whether it's increment register 0 or 1.  */
+	  if (addr.offset_reg->no & 0x1)
+	    _reg.no |= 0x3;
+	  else
+	    _reg.no |= 0x2;
+	}
+
+      regs[0] = &_reg;
+
+      insn->bits |= (0x3 << 17); /* This signifies a DSPRAM definition.  */
+    }
+  else /* DaOpPaMe definition.  */
+    {
+      regs[0] = addr.base_reg;
+      if (addr.immediate)
+	{
+	  /* Set the I bit.  */
+	  insn->bits |= (1 << 18);
+
+	  if (addr.update == 1)
+	    {
+	      if (addr.negate == 1)
+		*imm = 0x3;
+	      else
+		*imm = 0x1;
+	    }
+
+	  *imm_shift = 14;
+	  *imm_mask = 0x3;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Setup the offset register.  */
+	  regs[1] = addr.offset_reg;
+	  regs_shift[1] = 14;
+	}
+      *au_shift = 23;
+    }
+
+  *ls_shift = 13;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Does this combination of units need the O2R bit and can it be encoded?  */
+static bfd_boolean
+units_need_o2r (enum metag_unit unit1, enum metag_unit unit2)
+{
+  if (unit1 == unit2)
+    return FALSE;
+
+  if (unit1 == UNIT_D0 || unit1 == UNIT_ACC_D0 || unit1 == UNIT_RAM_D0)
+    {
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_ACC_D0 || unit2 == UNIT_RAM_D0 || unit2 == UNIT_D0)
+	return FALSE;
+
+      switch (unit2)
+	{
+	case UNIT_A1:
+	case UNIT_D1:
+	case UNIT_RD:
+	case UNIT_A0:
+	  return TRUE;
+	default:
+	  return FALSE;
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (unit1 == UNIT_D1 || unit1 == UNIT_ACC_D1 || unit1 == UNIT_RAM_D1)
+    {
+      if (unit2 == UNIT_ACC_D1 || unit2 == UNIT_RAM_D1 || unit2 == UNIT_D1)
+	return FALSE;
+
+      switch (unit2)
+	{
+	case UNIT_A1:
+	case UNIT_D0:
+	case UNIT_RD:
+	case UNIT_A0:
+	  return TRUE;
+	default:
+	  return FALSE;
+	}
+    }
+
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+/* Return TRUE if this is a DSP data unit.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+is_dsp_data_unit (const metag_reg *reg)
+{
+  switch (reg->unit)
+    {
+    case UNIT_D0:
+    case UNIT_D1:
+    case UNIT_ACC_D0:
+    case UNIT_ACC_D1:
+    case UNIT_RAM_D0:
+    case UNIT_RAM_D1:
+      return TRUE;
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+    }
+}
+
+static metag_reg o2r_reg;
+
+/* Parse a DaOpPaMe load template definition.  */
+static const char *
+parse_dalu (const char *line, metag_insn *insn,
+	    const insn_template *template)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const char *ll;
+  const metag_reg *regs[4];
+  metag_addr addr;
+  size_t regs_read;
+  bfd_boolean is_mov = MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_ADD;
+  bfd_boolean is_cmp = ((MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_CMP) &&
+			((template->meta_opcode & 0xee) == 0));
+  bfd_boolean is_dual = (insn->dsp_width == DSP_WIDTH_DUAL);
+  bfd_boolean is_quickrot64 = ((insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_QR64) != 0);
+  int l1_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  bfd_boolean load = FALSE;
+  int ls_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  bfd_boolean ar = FALSE;
+  int ar_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  int regs_shift[3] = { INVALID_SHIFT, INVALID_SHIFT, INVALID_SHIFT };
+  int imm = 0;
+  int imm_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int imm_mask = 0;
+  unsigned int au = 0;
+  int au_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int du = 0;
+  int du_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int sc = ((insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_OV) != 0);
+  int sc_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int om = ((insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_MOD) != 0);
+  int om_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int o2r = 0;
+  int o2r_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int qr = 0;
+  int qr_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  int qd_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int qn = 0;
+  int qn_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int a1 = ((insn->dsp_action_flags & (DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB|DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO)) != 0);
+  int a1_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int a2 = ((insn->dsp_action_flags & (DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB|DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD)) != 0);
+  int a2_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned su = ((insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_UMUL) != 0);
+  int su_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int ac;
+  int ac_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  unsigned int mx = (((insn->dsp_daoppame_flags & DSP_DAOPPAME_8) != 0) ||
+		     (insn->dsp_daoppame_flags & DSP_DAOPPAME_16) != 0);
+  int mx_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+  int size = is_dual ? 8 : 4;
+  bfd_boolean dspram;
+  bfd_boolean conditional = (MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) & 0x4);
+
+  /* XFIXME: check the flags are valid with the instruction.  */
+  if (is_quickrot64 && !(template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_QR))
+    {
+      as_bad (_("QUICKRoT 64-bit extension not applicable to this instruction"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  insn->bits = template->meta_opcode;
+
+  memset (regs, 0, sizeof (regs));
+  memset (&addr, 0, sizeof (addr));
+
+  /* There are the following forms of DSP ALU instructions,
+
+   * Group 1:
+      19. D[T]  Op    De.r,Dx.r,De.r
+      1.  D[T]  Op    De.r,Dx.r,De.r|ACe.r	[Accumulator in src 2]
+      3.  D[T]  Op    De.r,Dx.r,De.r[,Ae.r]	[QUICKRoT]
+      2.  D[T]  Op    ACe.e,ACx.r,ACo.e		[cross-unit accumulator op]
+      5.  D[T]  Op    De.r|ACe.r,Dx.r,De.r
+      20. D[T]  Op    De.r,Dx.r|ACx.r,De.r
+      8.  D     Opcc  De.r,Dx.r,Rx.r
+      6.  D     Op    De.r,Dx.r,Rx.r|RD
+      17. D     Op    De.r|ACe.r,Dx.r,Rx.r|RD
+      7.  D     Op    De.e,Dx.r,#I16
+
+   * Group 2:
+      4.  D[T]  Op    Dx.r,De.r
+      10. D     Op    Dx.r,Rx.r|RD
+      13. D     Op    Dx.r,Rx.r
+      11. D     Op    Dx.r,#I16
+      12. D[T]  Op    De.r,Dx.r
+      14. D     Op    DSPe.r,Dx.r
+      15. D     Op    DSPx.r,#I16
+      16. D     Op    De.r,DSPx.r
+      18. D     Op    De.r,Dx.r|ACx.r
+
+   * Group 3:
+      22. D     Op    De.r,Dx.r|ACx.r,De.r|#I5
+      23. D     Op    Ux.r,Dx.r|ACx.r,De.r|#I5
+      21. D     Op    De.r,Dx.r|ACx.r,#I5  */
+
+  /* Group 1.  */
+  if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_1)
+    {
+      du_shift = 24;
+
+      /* Could this be a cross-unit accumulator op,
+	 e.g. ACe.e,ACx.r,ACo.e */
+      if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_XACC)
+	{
+	  ll = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, regs, 3, &regs_read, FALSE, FALSE,
+				    FALSE, FALSE);
+	  if (ll != NULL && regs_read == 3
+	      && is_accumulator_reg (regs[0]))
+	    {
+	      if (regs[0]->unit != regs[1]->unit ||
+		  regs[2]->unit == regs[1]->unit)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid operands for cross-unit op"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      du = (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_ACC_D1);
+	      regs_shift[1] = 19;
+	      l = ll;
+
+	      /* All cross-unit accumulator ops have bits 8 and 6 set.  */
+	      insn->bits |= (5 << 6);
+
+	      goto check_for_template;
+	    }
+
+	  /* If we reach here, this instruction is not a
+	     cross-unit accumulator op.  */
+	}
+
+      if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_SPLIT8)
+	om_shift = 7;
+
+      sc_shift = 5;
+      l1_shift = 4;
+      o2r_shift = 0;
+
+      /* De.r|ACe.r,Dx.r,De.r */
+      if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_DACC)
+	{
+	  /* XFIXME: these need moving?  */
+	  a2_shift = 7;
+	  su_shift = 6;
+	  a1_shift = 2;
+	  om_shift = 3;
+
+	  ll = parse_dsp_reg (l, &regs[0], FALSE, FALSE);
+	  if (ll != NULL)
+	    {
+	      /* Using ACe.r as the dst requires one of the P,N or Z
+		 flags to be used.  */
+	      if (!(insn->dsp_action_flags &
+		    (DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB|DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD|DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO)))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("missing flags: one of 'P', 'N' or 'Z' required"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      l = ll;
+	      l = skip_comma (l);
+	      l = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, &regs[1], 2, &regs_read,
+				       TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE);
+	      if (l == NULL || regs_read != 2)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid register"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1 || regs[1]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1)
+		du = 1;
+
+	      regs_shift[0] = 19;
+	      regs_shift[1] = 14;
+	      regs_shift[2] = 9;
+	      goto check_for_template;
+	    }
+
+	  /* If we reach here, this instruction does not use the
+	     accumulator as the destination register.  */
+	  if ((insn->dsp_action_flags &
+	       (DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB|DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD|DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO)))
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("'P', 'N' or 'Z' flags may only be specified when accumulating"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      regs_shift[0] = 19;
+
+
+      l = parse_dsp_regs_list (l, regs, 2, &regs_read, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
+      if (l == NULL || regs_read != 2)
+	return NULL;
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1 || regs[1]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1)
+	du = 1;
+
+      if (is_accumulator_reg(regs[0]) && !(template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_DACC))
+       {
+	 as_bad (_("accumulator not a valid destination"));
+	 return NULL;
+       }
+
+      /* Check for immediate, e.g. De.r,Dx.r,#I16 */
+      if (*l == IMM_CHAR)
+	{
+	  l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &imm);
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("invalid immediate value"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  if (!within_signed_range (imm, IMM16_BITS))
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("immediate value out of range"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  if (regs[0]->unit != regs[1]->unit || regs[0]->no != regs[1]->no)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("immediate value not allowed when source & dest differ"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  imm_mask = 0xffff;
+	  imm_shift = 3;
+
+	  /* Set the I-bit */
+	  insn->bits |= (1 << 25);
+
+	  insn->bits |= (0x3 << 0);
+
+	  l1_shift = 2;
+
+	  /* Remove any bits that have been set in the immediate
+	     field.  */
+	  insn->bits &= ~(imm_mask << imm_shift);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+
+	  regs_shift[1] = 14;
+	  regs_shift[2] = 9;
+
+	  /* Is Rs2 an accumulator reg, e.g. De.r,Dx.r,De.r|ACe.r */
+	  ll = parse_dsp_reg (l, &regs[2], FALSE, FALSE);
+	  if (ll != NULL)
+	    {
+	      l = ll;
+
+	      if (!(template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_ACC2))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid register operand: %s"), regs[2]->name);
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      om_shift = 3;
+	      ar_shift = 7;
+	      ar = TRUE;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      /* De.r,Dx.r,De.r */
+	      l = __parse_gp_reg (l, &regs[2], TRUE);
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_ACC2)
+	    om_shift = 3;
+
+	  /* Is this a QUICKRoT instruction? De.r,Dx.r,De.r[,Ae.r] */
+	  if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_QR)
+	    {
+	      if (conditional)
+		qn_shift = 5;
+	      else
+		{
+		  qn_shift = 7;
+		  qr_shift = 6;
+		  qd_shift = 5;
+		}
+
+	      l = skip_comma (l);
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("QUICKRoT extension requires 4 registers"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      l = __parse_gp_reg (l, &regs[3], TRUE);
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid fourth register"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      if (!is_addr_unit (regs[3]->unit) ||
+		  !is_quickrot_reg (regs[3]->no))
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("A0.2,A0.3,A1.2,A1.3 required for QUICKRoT register"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      qn = (regs[3]->no == 3);
+	    }
+	}
+
+    check_for_template:
+      /* This is the common exit path. Check for o2r.  */
+      if (regs[2] != NULL)
+	{
+	  o2r = units_need_o2r (regs[1]->unit, regs[2]->unit);
+	  if (o2r)
+	    {
+	      o2r_reg.no = lookup_o2r (0, du, regs[2]);
+	      o2r_reg.unit = regs[2]->unit;
+	      regs[2] = &o2r_reg;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* Check any DSP RAM pointers are valid for this unit.  */
+      if ((du && (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D0)) ||
+	  (!du && (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1)) ||
+	  (du && (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D0)) ||
+	  (!du && (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1)) ||
+	  (du && regs[2] && (regs[2]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D0)) ||
+	  (!du && regs[2] && (regs[2]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1))) {
+	as_bad (_("DSP RAM pointer in incorrect unit"));
+	return NULL;
+      }
+
+      /* Is this a template definition?  */
+      if (IS_TEMPLATE_DEF (insn))
+	{
+	  l = interpret_template_regs(l, insn, regs, regs_shift, &load,
+				      &dspram, size, &ls_shift, &au_shift,
+				      &au, &imm, &imm_shift, &imm_mask);
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	  if (!dspram)
+	    mx_shift = 0;
+	}
+
+      goto matched;
+    }
+
+  /* Group 2.  */
+  if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_2)
+    {
+      bfd_boolean is_xsd = ((MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_MISC) &&
+			    (MINOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == 0xa));
+      bfd_boolean is_fpu_mov = template->insn_type == INSN_DSP_FPU;
+      bfd_boolean to_fpu = (template->meta_opcode >> 7) & 0x1;
+
+      if (is_xsd)
+	du_shift = 0;
+      else
+	du_shift = 24;
+
+      l1_shift = 4;
+
+      /* CMPs and TSTs don't store to their destination operand.  */
+      ll = __parse_gp_reg (l, regs, is_cmp);
+      if (ll == NULL)
+	{
+	  /* DSPe.r,Dx.r or DSPx.r,#I16 */
+	  if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_DSP_SRC1)
+	    {
+	      l = parse_dsp_reg (l, regs, FALSE, FALSE);
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid register operand #1"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      /* Only MOV instructions have a DSP register as a
+		 destination. Set the MOV DSPe.r opcode. The simple
+		 OR'ing is OK because the usual MOV opcode is 0x00.  */
+	      insn->bits = (0x91 << 24);
+	      du_shift = 0;
+	      l1_shift = 2;
+	      regs_shift[0] = 19;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("invalid register operand #2"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  l = ll;
+
+	  /* Everything but CMP and TST.  */
+	  if (MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_ADD ||
+	      MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_SUB ||
+	      MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) == OPC_9 ||
+	      MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_MISC ||
+	      ((template->meta_opcode & 0x0000002c) != 0))
+	    regs_shift[0] = 19;
+	  else
+	    regs_shift[0] = 14;
+	}
+
+      if (!is_dsp_data_unit (regs[0]) && !(regs[0]->unit == UNIT_FX &&
+					   is_fpu_mov && to_fpu))
+	return NULL;
+
+      du = (regs[0]->unit == UNIT_D1 || regs[0]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1 ||
+	    regs[0]->unit == UNIT_ACC_D1);
+
+      l = skip_comma (l);
+
+      if (*l == IMM_CHAR)
+	{
+	  if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_IMM &&
+	      !(is_mov && (MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) != OPC_9)))
+	    {
+	      l = parse_imm16 (l, insn, &imm);
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid immediate value"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+
+	      if (!within_signed_range (imm, IMM16_BITS))
+		return NULL;
+
+	      l1_shift = 2;
+	      regs_shift[0] = 19;
+
+	      imm_mask = 0xffff;
+	      imm_shift = 3;
+
+	      /* Set the I-bit unless it's a MOV because they're
+		 different.  */
+	      if (!(is_mov && MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) == OPC_9))
+		insn->bits |= (1 << 25);
+
+	      /* All instructions that takes immediates also have bit 1 set.  */
+	      insn->bits |= (1 << 1);
+
+	      if (MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) != OPC_9)
+		insn->bits |= (1 << 0);
+
+	      insn->bits &= ~(1 << 8);
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("this instruction does not accept an immediate"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) != OPC_9)
+	    {
+	      insn->bits |= (1 << 8);
+	      l1_shift = 4;
+	    }
+
+	  ll = __parse_gp_reg (l, &regs[1], TRUE);
+	  if (ll == NULL)
+	    {
+	      if (template->arg_type & DSP_ARGS_DSP_SRC2)
+		{
+		  l = parse_dsp_reg (l, &regs[1], FALSE, FALSE);
+		  if (l == NULL)
+		    {
+		      as_bad (_("invalid register operand #3"));
+		      return NULL;
+		    }
+
+		  /* MOV and NEG.  */
+		  if ((is_mov && (MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) != OPC_9)) ||
+		      MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_SUB)
+		    {
+		      if (is_accumulator_reg (regs[1]))
+			{
+			  if (is_fpu_mov)
+			    {
+			      as_bad (_("this instruction does not accept an accumulator"));
+			      return NULL;
+			    }
+			  ar_shift = 7;
+			  ar = 1;
+			  regs_shift[1] = 9;
+			}
+		      else
+			{
+			  du_shift = 0;
+			  l1_shift = 2;
+			  regs_shift[1] = 14;
+			  insn->bits = (0x92 << 24); /* Set opcode.  */
+			}
+		    }
+		}
+	      else
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("invalid register operand #4"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      /* Set the o2r bit if required.  */
+	      if (!is_fpu_mov && units_need_o2r (regs[0]->unit, regs[1]->unit))
+		{
+		  o2r_reg = *regs[1];
+		  o2r_reg.no = lookup_o2r (0, du, regs[1]);
+		  regs[1] = &o2r_reg;
+		  o2r_shift = 0;
+		  o2r = 1;
+		}
+	      else if (!is_dsp_data_unit (regs[1]) &&
+		       !(is_fpu_mov && !to_fpu && regs[1]->unit == UNIT_FX))
+		return NULL;
+
+	      if (is_fpu_mov && to_fpu)
+		du = (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1 ||
+		      regs[1]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1 ||
+		      regs[1]->unit == UNIT_ACC_D1);
+
+	      l = ll;
+
+	      if (MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) == OPC_ADD ||
+		  MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_SUB ||
+		  (((template->meta_opcode & 0x0000002c) == 0) &&
+		   MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) != OPC_MISC))
+		regs_shift[1] = 9;
+	      else
+		regs_shift[1] = 14;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* If it's an 0x0 MOV or NEG set some lower bits.  */
+      if ((MAJOR_OPCODE (insn->bits) == OPC_ADD ||
+	   MAJOR_OPCODE (template->meta_opcode) == OPC_SUB) && !is_fpu_mov)
+	{
+	  om_shift = 3;
+	  sc_shift = 5;
+	  insn->bits |= (1 << 2);
+	}
+
+      /* Check for template definitons.  */
+      if (IS_TEMPLATE_DEF (insn))
+	{
+	  l = interpret_template_regs(l, insn, regs, regs_shift, &load,
+				      &dspram, size, &ls_shift, &au_shift,
+				      &au, &imm, &imm_shift, &imm_mask);
+	  mx_shift = 0;
+
+	  if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+      goto matched;
+    }
+
+  /* Group 3.  */
+  du_shift = 24;
+  l1_shift = 4;
+
+  l = __parse_gp_reg (l, regs, FALSE);
+  if (l == NULL)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("invalid register operand"));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (*l == 'A')
+    {
+      l = parse_dsp_reg (l, &regs[1], FALSE, FALSE);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid accumulator register"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      ac = 1;
+      ac_shift = 0;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      l = __parse_gp_reg (l, &regs[1], TRUE);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid register operand"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+  regs_shift[0] = 19;
+  regs_shift[1] = 14;
+
+  du = (regs[1]->unit == UNIT_D1 || regs[1]->unit == UNIT_ACC_D1
+	|| regs[1]->unit == UNIT_RAM_D1);
+
+  l = skip_comma (l);
+
+  if (*l == IMM_CHAR)
+    {
+      l = parse_imm_constant (l, insn, &imm);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("invalid immediate value"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      if (!within_unsigned_range (imm, IMM5_BITS))
+	return NULL;
+
+      imm_mask = 0x1f;
+      imm_shift = 9;
+
+      /* Set the I-bit */
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 25);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      regs_shift[2] = 9;
+      l = __parse_gp_reg (l, &regs[2], TRUE);
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  /* Check for post-processing R,G,B flags. Conditional instructions
+     do not have these bits.  */
+  if (insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_CLAMP9)
+    {
+      if ((template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("conditional instruction cannot use G flag"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 3);
+    }
+
+  if (insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_CLAMP8)
+    {
+      if ((template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("conditional instruction cannot use B flag"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      insn->bits |= (0x3 << 2);
+    }
+
+  if (insn->dsp_action_flags & DSP_ACTION_ROUND)
+    {
+      if ((template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("conditional instruction cannot use R flag"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 2);
+    }
+
+  /* Conditional Data Unit Shift instructions cannot be dual unit.  */
+  if ((template->meta_opcode >> 26) & 0x1)
+    ls_shift = INVALID_SHIFT;
+
+  /* The Condition Is Always (CA) bit must be set if we're targetting a
+     Ux.r register as the destination. This means that we can't have
+     any other condition bits set.  */
+  if (!is_same_data_unit (regs[1]->unit, regs[0]->unit))
+    {
+      /* Set both the Conditional bit and the Condition is Always bit.  */
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 26);
+      insn->bits |= (1 << 5);
+
+      /* Fill out the Ud field.  */
+      insn->bits |= (regs[0]->unit << 1);
+    }
+
+  if (IS_TEMPLATE_DEF (insn))
+    {
+      l = interpret_template_regs(l, insn, regs, regs_shift, &load,
+				  &dspram, size, &ls_shift, &au_shift,
+				  &au, &imm, &imm_shift, &imm_mask);
+
+      if (l == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+      if (!dspram)
+	mx_shift = 5;
+    }
+
+  /* Fall through.  */
+ matched:
+
+  /* Set the registers and immediate values.  */
+  if (regs_shift[0] != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[0]->no << regs_shift[0]);
+
+  if (regs_shift[1] != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[1]->no << regs_shift[1]);
+
+  if (regs_shift[2] != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (regs[2]->no << regs_shift[2]);
+
+  /* Does this insn have an 'IMM' bit? The immediate value should
+     already have been masked.  */
+  if (imm_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= ((imm & imm_mask) << imm_shift);
+
+  /* Does this insn have an 'AU' bit? */
+  if (au_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (au << au_shift);
+
+  /* Does this instruction have an 'LS' bit?  */
+  if (ls_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (load << ls_shift);
+
+  /* Does this instruction have an 'AR' bit?  */
+  if (ar)
+      insn->bits |= (1 << ar_shift);
+
+  if (du_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (du << du_shift);
+
+  if (sc_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (sc << sc_shift);
+
+  if (om_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (om << om_shift);
+
+  if (o2r_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (o2r << o2r_shift);
+
+  if (qn_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (qn << qn_shift);
+
+  if (qr_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (qr << qr_shift);
+
+  if (qd_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (is_quickrot64 << qd_shift);
+
+  if (a1_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (a1 << a1_shift);
+
+  if (a2_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (a2 << a2_shift);
+
+  if (su_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (su << su_shift);
+
+  if (imm_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= ((imm & imm_mask) << imm_shift);
+
+  if (ac_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (ac << ac_shift);
+
+  if (mx_shift != INVALID_SHIFT)
+    insn->bits |= (mx << mx_shift);
+
+  if (is_dual)
+    {
+      if (l1_shift == INVALID_SHIFT)
+	{
+	  as_bad (_("'L' modifier not valid for this instruction"));
+	  return NULL;
+	}
+
+      insn->bits |= (1 << l1_shift);
+    }
+
+  insn->len = 4;
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+typedef const char *(*insn_parser)(const char *, metag_insn *,
+				   const insn_template *);
+
+/* Parser table.  */
+static const insn_parser insn_parsers[ENC_MAX] =
+  {
+    [ENC_NONE] = parse_none,
+    [ENC_MOV_U2U] = parse_mov_u2u,
+    [ENC_MOV_PORT] = parse_mov_port,
+    [ENC_MMOV] = parse_mmov,
+    [ENC_MDRD] = parse_mdrd,
+    [ENC_MOVL_TTREC] = parse_movl_ttrec,
+    [ENC_GET_SET] = parse_get_set,
+    [ENC_GET_SET_EXT] = parse_get_set_ext,
+    [ENC_MGET_MSET] = parse_mget_mset,
+    [ENC_COND_SET] = parse_cond_set,
+    [ENC_XFR] = parse_xfr,
+    [ENC_MOV_CT] = parse_mov_ct,
+    [ENC_SWAP] = parse_swap,
+    [ENC_JUMP] = parse_jump,
+    [ENC_CALLR] = parse_callr,
+    [ENC_ALU] = parse_alu,
+    [ENC_SHIFT] = parse_shift,
+    [ENC_MIN_MAX] = parse_min_max,
+    [ENC_BITOP] = parse_bitop,
+    [ENC_CMP] = parse_cmp,
+    [ENC_BRANCH] = parse_branch,
+    [ENC_KICK] = parse_kick,
+    [ENC_SWITCH] = parse_switch,
+    [ENC_CACHER] = parse_cacher,
+    [ENC_CACHEW] = parse_cachew,
+    [ENC_ICACHE] = parse_icache,
+    [ENC_LNKGET] = parse_lnkget,
+    [ENC_FMOV] = parse_fmov,
+    [ENC_FMMOV] = parse_fmmov,
+    [ENC_FMOV_DATA] = parse_fmov_data,
+    [ENC_FMOV_I] = parse_fmov_i,
+    [ENC_FPACK] = parse_fpack,
+    [ENC_FSWAP] = parse_fswap,
+    [ENC_FCMP] = parse_fcmp,
+    [ENC_FMINMAX] = parse_fminmax,
+    [ENC_FCONV] = parse_fconv,
+    [ENC_FCONVX] = parse_fconvx,
+    [ENC_FBARITH] = parse_fbarith,
+    [ENC_FEARITH] = parse_fearith,
+    [ENC_FREC] = parse_frec,
+    [ENC_FSIMD] = parse_fsimd,
+    [ENC_FGET_SET_ACF] = parse_fget_set_acf,
+    [ENC_DGET_SET] = parse_dget_set,
+    [ENC_DTEMPLATE] = parse_dtemplate,
+    [ENC_DALU] = parse_dalu,
+  };
+
+struct metag_core_option
+{
+  char *name;
+  unsigned int value;
+};
+
+/* CPU type options.  */
+static const struct metag_core_option metag_cpus[] =
+  {
+    {"all",               CoreMeta11|CoreMeta12|CoreMeta21},
+    {"metac11",           CoreMeta11},
+    {"metac12",           CoreMeta12},
+    {"metac21",           CoreMeta21},
+    {NULL,                0},
+  };
+
+/* FPU type options.  */
+static const struct metag_core_option metag_fpus[] =
+  {
+    {"metac21",           FpuMeta21},
+    {NULL,                0},
+  };
+
+/* DSP type options.  */
+static const struct metag_core_option metag_dsps[] =
+  {
+    {"metac21",           DspMeta21},
+    {NULL,                0},
+  };
+
+/* Parse a CPU command line option.  */
+static int
+metag_parse_cpu (char * str)
+{
+  const struct metag_core_option * opt;
+  int optlen;
+
+  optlen = strlen (str);
+
+  if (optlen == 0)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("missing cpu name `%s'"), str);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  for (opt = metag_cpus; opt->name != NULL; opt++)
+    if (strncmp (opt->name, str, optlen) == 0)
+      {
+	mcpu_opt = opt->value;
+	return 1;
+      }
+
+  as_bad (_("unknown cpu `%s'"), str);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Parse an FPU command line option.  */
+static int
+metag_parse_fpu (char * str)
+{
+  const struct metag_core_option * opt;
+  int optlen;
+
+  optlen = strlen (str);
+
+  if (optlen == 0)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("missing fpu name `%s'"), str);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  for (opt = metag_fpus; opt->name != NULL; opt++)
+    if (strncmp (opt->name, str, optlen) == 0)
+      {
+	mfpu_opt = opt->value;
+	return 1;
+      }
+
+  as_bad (_("unknown fpu `%s'"), str);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Parse a DSP command line option.  */
+static int
+metag_parse_dsp (char * str)
+{
+  const struct metag_core_option * opt;
+  int optlen;
+
+  optlen = strlen (str);
+
+  if (optlen == 0)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("missing DSP name `%s'"), str);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  for (opt = metag_dsps; opt->name != NULL; opt++)
+    if (strncmp (opt->name, str, optlen) == 0)
+      {
+	mdsp_opt = opt->value;
+	return 1;
+      }
+
+  as_bad (_("unknown DSP `%s'"), str);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+struct metag_long_option
+{
+  char * option;                /* Substring to match.  */
+  char * help;                  /* Help information.  */
+  int (* func) (char * subopt); /* Function to decode sub-option.  */
+  char * deprecated;            /* If non-null, print this message.  */
+};
+
+struct metag_long_option metag_long_opts[] =
+  {
+    {"mcpu=", N_("<cpu name>\t  assemble for CPU <cpu name>"),
+     metag_parse_cpu, NULL},
+    {"mfpu=", N_("<fpu name>\t  assemble for FPU architecture <fpu name>"),
+     metag_parse_fpu, NULL},
+    {"mdsp=", N_("<dsp name>\t  assemble for DSP architecture <dsp name>"),
+     metag_parse_dsp, NULL},
+    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
+  };
+
+int
+md_parse_option (int c, char * arg)
+{
+  struct metag_long_option *lopt;
+
+  for (lopt = metag_long_opts; lopt->option != NULL; lopt++)
+    {
+      /* These options are expected to have an argument.  */
+      if (c == lopt->option[0]
+	  && arg != NULL
+	  && strncmp (arg, lopt->option + 1,
+		      strlen (lopt->option + 1)) == 0)
+	{
+#if WARN_DEPRECATED
+	      /* If the option is deprecated, tell the user.  */
+	      if (lopt->deprecated != NULL)
+		as_tsktsk (_("option `-%c%s' is deprecated: %s"), c, arg,
+			   _(lopt->deprecated));
+#endif
+
+	      /* Call the sup-option parser.  */
+	      return lopt->func (arg + strlen (lopt->option) - 1);
+	}
+    }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void
+md_show_usage (FILE * stream)
+{
+  struct metag_long_option *lopt;
+
+  fprintf (stream, _(" Meta specific command line options:\n"));
+
+  for (lopt = metag_long_opts; lopt->option != NULL; lopt++)
+    if (lopt->help != NULL)
+      fprintf (stream, "  -%s%s\n", lopt->option, _(lopt->help));
+}
+
+/* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support.  */
+const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
+{
+  { "word",	cons,		2 },
+  { NULL, 	NULL, 		0 }
+};
+
+void
+md_begin (void)
+{
+  int c;
+
+  for (c = 0; c < 256; c++)
+    {
+      if (ISDIGIT (c))
+	{
+	  register_chars[c] = c;
+	  /* LOCK0, LOCK1, LOCK2.  */
+	  mnemonic_chars[c] = c;
+	}
+      else if (ISLOWER (c))
+	{
+	  register_chars[c] = c;
+	  mnemonic_chars[c] = c;
+	}
+      else if (ISUPPER (c))
+	{
+	  register_chars[c] = c;
+	  mnemonic_chars[c] = c;
+	}
+      else if (c == '.')
+	{
+	  register_chars[c] = c;
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+/* Parse a split condition code prefix.  */
+static const char *
+parse_split_condition (const char *line, metag_insn *insn)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  const split_condition *scond;
+  split_condition entry;
+  char buf[4];
+
+  memcpy (buf, l, 4);
+  buf[3] = '\0';
+
+  entry.name = buf;
+
+  scond = (const split_condition *) htab_find (scond_htab, &entry);
+
+  if (!scond)
+    return NULL;
+
+  insn->scond = scond->code;
+
+  return l + strlen (scond->name);
+}
+
+/* Parse an instruction prefix - F for float, D for DSP - and associated
+   flags and condition codes.  */
+static const char *
+parse_prefix (const char *line, metag_insn *insn)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+
+  l = skip_whitespace (l);
+
+  insn->type = INSN_GP;
+
+  if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_PREFIX_CHAR)
+    {
+      if (strncasecmp (l, FFB_INSN, strlen(FFB_INSN)))
+	{
+	  insn->type = INSN_FPU;
+
+	  l++;
+
+	  if (*l == END_OF_INSN)
+	    {
+	      as_bad (_("premature end of floating point prefix"));
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_DOUBLE_CHAR)
+	    {
+	      insn->fpu_width = FPU_WIDTH_DOUBLE;
+	      l++;
+	    }
+	  else if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_PAIR_CHAR)
+	    {
+	      const char *l2 = l;
+
+	      /* Check this isn't a split condition beginning with L.  */
+	      l2 = parse_split_condition (l2, insn);
+
+	      if (l2 && is_whitespace_char (*l2))
+		{
+		  l = l2;
+		}
+	      else
+		{
+		  insn->fpu_width = FPU_WIDTH_PAIR;
+		  l++;
+		}
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      insn->fpu_width = FPU_WIDTH_SINGLE;
+	    }
+
+	  if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_ACTION_ABS_CHAR)
+	    {
+	      insn->fpu_action_flags |= FPU_ACTION_ABS;
+	      l++;
+	    }
+	  else if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_ACTION_INV_CHAR)
+	    {
+	      insn->fpu_action_flags |= FPU_ACTION_INV;
+	      l++;
+	    }
+
+	  if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_ACTION_QUIET_CHAR)
+	    {
+	      insn->fpu_action_flags |= FPU_ACTION_QUIET;
+	      l++;
+	    }
+
+	  if (TOLOWER (*l) == FPU_ACTION_ZERO_CHAR)
+	    {
+	      insn->fpu_action_flags |= FPU_ACTION_ZERO;
+	      l++;
+	    }
+
+	  if (! is_whitespace_char (*l))
+	    {
+	      l = parse_split_condition (l, insn);
+
+	      if (!l)
+		{
+		  as_bad (_("unknown floating point prefix character"));
+		  return NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	  l = skip_space (l);
+	}
+    }
+  else if (TOLOWER (*l) == DSP_PREFIX_CHAR)
+    {
+      if (strncasecmp (l, DCACHE_INSN, strlen (DCACHE_INSN)) &&
+	  strncasecmp (l, DEFR_INSN, strlen (DEFR_INSN)))
+	{
+	  const char *ll = l;
+	  insn->type = INSN_DSP;
+
+	  l++;
+
+	  insn->dsp_width = DSP_WIDTH_SINGLE;
+
+	  while (!is_whitespace_char (*l))
+	    {
+	      /* We have to check for split condition codes first
+		 because they are the longest strings to match,
+		 e.g. if the string contains "LLS" we want it to match
+		 the split condition code "LLS", not the dual unit
+		 character "L".  */
+	      ll = l;
+	      l = parse_split_condition (l, insn);
+
+	      if (l == NULL)
+		l = ll;
+	      else
+		continue;
+
+	      /* Accept an FPU prefix char which may be used when doing
+		 template MOV with FPU registers. */
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == FPU_PREFIX_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->type = INSN_DSP_FPU;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_DUAL_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_width = DSP_WIDTH_DUAL;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_QR64_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_QR64;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_UMUL_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_UMUL;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_ROUND_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_ROUND;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_CLAMP9_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_CLAMP9;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_CLAMP8_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_CLAMP8;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_MOD_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_MOD;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_ACC_ZERO;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_ACC_ADD;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_ACC_SUB;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_ACTION_OV_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_action_flags |= DSP_ACTION_OV;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_DAOPPAME_8_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_daoppame_flags |= DSP_DAOPPAME_8;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_DAOPPAME_16_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_daoppame_flags |= DSP_DAOPPAME_16;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_DAOPPAME_TEMP_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_daoppame_flags |= DSP_DAOPPAME_TEMP;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      if (TOLOWER(*l) == DSP_DAOPPAME_HIGH_CHAR)
+		{
+		  insn->dsp_daoppame_flags |= DSP_DAOPPAME_HIGH;
+		  l++;
+		  continue;
+		}
+
+	      as_bad (_("unknown DSP prefix character %c %s"), *l, l);
+	      return NULL;
+	    }
+
+	  l = skip_space (l);
+	}
+    }
+
+  return l;
+}
+
+/* Return a list of appropriate instruction parsers for MNEMONIC.  */
+static insn_templates *
+find_insn_templates (const char *mnemonic)
+{
+  insn_template template;
+  insn_templates entry;
+  insn_templates *slot;
+
+  entry.template = &template;
+
+  memcpy ((void *)&entry.template->name, &mnemonic, sizeof (char *));
+
+  slot = (insn_templates *) htab_find (mnemonic_htab, &entry);
+
+  if (slot)
+    return slot;
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Make an uppercase copy of SRC into DST and return DST.  */
+static char *
+strupper (char * dst, const char *src)
+{
+  size_t i = 0;
+
+  while (src[i])
+    {
+      dst[i] = TOUPPER (src[i]);
+      i++;
+    }
+
+  dst[i] = 0;
+
+  return dst;
+}
+
+/* Calculate a hash value for a template. */
+static hashval_t
+hash_templates (const void *p)
+{
+  insn_templates *tp = (insn_templates *)p;
+  char buf[MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN];
+
+  strupper (buf, tp->template->name);
+
+  return htab_hash_string (buf);
+}
+
+/* Check if two templates are equal.  */
+static int
+eq_templates (const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+  insn_templates *ta = (insn_templates *)a;
+  insn_templates *tb = (insn_templates *)b;
+  return strcasecmp (ta->template->name, tb->template->name) == 0;
+}
+
+/* Create the hash table required for parsing instructions.  */
+static void
+create_mnemonic_htab (void)
+{
+  size_t i, num_templates = sizeof(metag_optab)/sizeof(metag_optab[0]);
+
+  mnemonic_htab = htab_create_alloc (num_templates, hash_templates,
+				     eq_templates, NULL, xcalloc, free);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < num_templates; i++)
+    {
+      const insn_template *template = &metag_optab[i];
+      insn_templates **slot = NULL;
+      insn_templates *new_entry;
+
+      new_entry = xmalloc (sizeof (insn_templates));
+
+      new_entry->template = template;
+      new_entry->next = NULL;
+
+      slot = (insn_templates **) htab_find_slot (mnemonic_htab, new_entry,
+						 INSERT);
+
+      if (*slot)
+	{
+	  insn_templates *last_entry = *slot;
+
+	  while (last_entry->next)
+	    last_entry = last_entry->next;
+
+	  last_entry->next = new_entry;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  *slot = new_entry;
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+/* Calculate a hash value for a register. */
+static hashval_t
+hash_regs (const void *p)
+{
+  metag_reg *rp = (metag_reg *)p;
+  char buf[MAX_REG_LEN];
+
+  strupper (buf, rp->name);
+
+  return htab_hash_string (buf);
+}
+
+/* Check if two registers are equal.  */
+static int
+eq_regs (const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+  metag_reg *ra = (metag_reg *)a;
+  metag_reg *rb = (metag_reg *)b;
+  return strcasecmp (ra->name, rb->name) == 0;
+}
+
+/* Create the hash table required for parsing registers.  */
+static void
+create_reg_htab (void)
+{
+  size_t i, num_regs = sizeof(metag_regtab)/sizeof(metag_regtab[0]);
+
+  reg_htab = htab_create_alloc (num_regs, hash_regs,
+				eq_regs, NULL, xcalloc, free);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < num_regs; i++)
+    {
+      const metag_reg *reg = &metag_regtab[i];
+      const metag_reg **slot;
+
+      slot = (const metag_reg **) htab_find_slot (reg_htab, reg, INSERT);
+
+      if (!*slot)
+	*slot = reg;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Create the hash table required for parsing DSP registers.  */
+static void
+create_dspreg_htabs (void)
+{
+  size_t i, num_regs = sizeof(metag_dsp_regtab)/sizeof(metag_dsp_regtab[0]);
+  size_t h;
+
+  dsp_reg_htab = htab_create_alloc (num_regs, hash_regs,
+				    eq_regs, NULL, xcalloc, free);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < num_regs; i++)
+    {
+      const metag_reg *reg = &metag_dsp_regtab[i];
+      const metag_reg **slot;
+
+      slot = (const metag_reg **) htab_find_slot (dsp_reg_htab, reg, INSERT);
+
+      /* Make sure there are no hash table collisions, which would
+	 require chaining entries.  */
+      BFD_ASSERT (*slot == NULL);
+      *slot = reg;
+    }
+
+  num_regs = sizeof(metag_dsp_tmpl_regtab[0])/sizeof(metag_dsp_tmpl_regtab[0][0]);
+
+  for (h = 0; h < 2; h++)
+    {
+      dsp_tmpl_reg_htab[h] = htab_create_alloc (num_regs, hash_regs,
+						eq_regs, NULL, xcalloc, free);
+    }
+
+  for (h = 0; h < 2; h++)
+    {
+      for (i = 0; i < num_regs; i++)
+	{
+	  const metag_reg *reg = &metag_dsp_tmpl_regtab[h][i];
+	  const metag_reg **slot;
+	  slot = (const metag_reg **) htab_find_slot (dsp_tmpl_reg_htab[h],
+						      reg, INSERT);
+
+	  /* Make sure there are no hash table collisions, which would
+	     require chaining entries.  */
+	  BFD_ASSERT (*slot == NULL);
+	  *slot = reg;
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+/* Calculate a hash value for a split condition code. */
+static hashval_t
+hash_scond (const void *p)
+{
+  split_condition *cp = (split_condition *)p;
+  char buf[4];
+
+  strupper (buf, cp->name);
+
+  return htab_hash_string (buf);
+}
+
+/* Check if two split condition codes are equal.  */
+static int
+eq_scond (const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+  split_condition *ra = (split_condition *)a;
+  split_condition *rb = (split_condition *)b;
+
+  return strcasecmp (ra->name, rb->name) == 0;
+}
+
+/* Create the hash table required for parsing split condition codes.  */
+static void
+create_scond_htab (void)
+{
+  size_t i, nentries;
+
+  nentries = sizeof (metag_scondtab) / sizeof (metag_scondtab[0]);
+
+  scond_htab = htab_create_alloc (nentries, hash_scond, eq_scond,
+				  NULL, xcalloc, free);
+  for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++)
+    {
+      const split_condition *scond = &metag_scondtab[i];
+      const split_condition **slot;
+
+      slot = (const split_condition **) htab_find_slot (scond_htab,
+							scond, INSERT);
+      /* Make sure there are no hash table collisions, which would
+	 require chaining entries.  */
+      BFD_ASSERT (*slot == NULL);
+      *slot = scond;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Entry point for instruction parsing.  */
+static bfd_boolean
+parse_insn (const char *line, metag_insn *insn)
+{
+  char mnemonic[MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN];
+  const char *l = line;
+  size_t mnemonic_len = 0;
+  insn_templates *templates;
+
+  l = skip_space (l);
+
+  while (is_mnemonic_char(*l))
+    {
+      l++;
+      mnemonic_len++;
+    }
+
+  if (mnemonic_len >= MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("instruction mnemonic too long: %s"), line);
+      return FALSE;
+    }
+
+  strncpy(mnemonic, line, mnemonic_len);
+
+  mnemonic[mnemonic_len] = '\0';
+
+  templates = find_insn_templates (mnemonic);
+
+  if (templates)
+    {
+      insn_templates *current_template = templates;
+
+      l = skip_space (l);
+
+      while (current_template)
+	{
+	  const insn_template *template = current_template->template;
+	  enum insn_encoding encoding = template->encoding;
+	  insn_parser parser = insn_parsers[encoding];
+
+	  current_template = current_template->next;
+
+	  if (template->insn_type == INSN_GP &&
+	      !(template->core_flags & mcpu_opt))
+	    continue;
+
+	  if (template->insn_type == INSN_FPU &&
+	      !(template->core_flags & mfpu_opt))
+	    continue;
+
+	  if (template->insn_type == INSN_DSP &&
+	      !(template->core_flags & mdsp_opt))
+	    continue;
+
+	  if (template->insn_type == INSN_DSP_FPU &&
+	      !((template->core_flags & mdsp_opt) &&
+		(template->core_flags & mfpu_opt)))
+	    continue;
+
+	  /* DSP instructions always require special decoding */
+	  if ((insn->type == INSN_DSP && (template->insn_type != INSN_DSP)) ||
+	      ((template->insn_type == INSN_DSP) && insn->type != INSN_DSP) ||
+	      (insn->type == INSN_DSP_FPU && (template->insn_type != INSN_DSP_FPU)) ||
+	      ((template->insn_type == INSN_DSP_FPU) && insn->type != INSN_DSP_FPU))
+	    continue;
+
+	  if (parser)
+	    {
+	      const char *end = parser(l, insn, template);
+
+	      if (end != NULL)
+		{
+		  if (*end != END_OF_INSN)
+		    as_bad (_("junk at end of line: \"%s\""), line);
+		  else
+		    return TRUE;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+
+      as_bad (_("failed to assemble instruction: \"%s\""), line);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      if (insn->type == INSN_FPU)
+	as_bad (_("unknown floating point mnemonic: \"%s\""), mnemonic);
+      else
+	as_bad (_("unknown mnemonic: \"%s\""), mnemonic);
+    }
+  return FALSE;
+}
+
+static void
+output_insn (metag_insn *insn)
+{
+  char *output;
+
+  output = frag_more (insn->len);
+  dwarf2_emit_insn (insn->len);
+
+  if (insn->reloc_type != BFD_RELOC_UNUSED)
+    {
+      fix_new_exp (frag_now, output - frag_now->fr_literal,
+		   insn->reloc_size, &insn->reloc_exp,
+		   insn->reloc_pcrel, insn->reloc_type);
+    }
+
+  md_number_to_chars (output, insn->bits, insn->len);
+}
+
+void
+md_assemble (char *line)
+{
+  const char *l = line;
+  metag_insn insn;
+
+  memset (&insn, 0, sizeof(insn));
+
+  insn.reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+  insn.reloc_pcrel = 0;
+  insn.reloc_size = 4;
+
+  if (!mnemonic_htab)
+    {
+      create_mnemonic_htab ();
+      create_reg_htab ();
+      create_dspreg_htabs ();
+      create_scond_htab ();
+    }
+
+  l = parse_prefix (l, &insn);
+
+  if (l == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  if (insn.type == INSN_DSP &&
+      !mdsp_opt)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("cannot assemble DSP instruction, DSP option not set: %s"),
+	      line);
+      return;
+    }
+  else if (insn.type == INSN_FPU &&
+	   !mfpu_opt)
+    {
+      as_bad (_("cannot assemble FPU instruction, FPU option not set: %s"),
+	      line);
+      return;
+    }
+
+  if (!parse_insn (l, &insn))
+    return;
+
+  output_insn (&insn);
+}
+
+void
+md_operand (expressionS * expressionP)
+{
+  if (* input_line_pointer == IMM_CHAR)
+    {
+      input_line_pointer ++;
+      expression (expressionP);
+    }
+}
+
+valueT
+md_section_align (segT segment ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, valueT size)
+{
+  return size;
+}
+
+symbolS *
+md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Functions concerning relocs.  */
+
+/* The location from which a PC relative jump should be calculated,
+   given a PC relative reloc.  */
+
+long
+md_pcrel_from_section (fixS * fixP, segT sec)
+{
+  if ((fixP->fx_addsy != (symbolS *) NULL
+       && (! S_IS_DEFINED (fixP->fx_addsy)
+	   || S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_addsy) != sec))
+      || metag_force_relocation (fixP))
+    {
+      /* The symbol is undefined (or is defined but not in this section).
+	 Let the linker figure it out.  */
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  return fixP->fx_frag->fr_address + fixP->fx_where;
+}
+
+/* Write a value out to the object file, using the appropriate endianness.  */
+
+void
+md_number_to_chars (char * buf, valueT val, int n)
+{
+  number_to_chars_littleendian (buf, val, n);
+}
+
+/* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant of type
+   type, and store the appropriate bytes in *litP.  The number of LITTLENUMS
+   emitted is stored in *sizeP .  An error message is returned, or NULL on OK.
+*/
+
+/* Equal to MAX_PRECISION in atof-ieee.c */
+#define MAX_LITTLENUMS 6
+
+char *
+md_atof (int type, char * litP, int * sizeP)
+{
+  int              i;
+  int              prec;
+  LITTLENUM_TYPE   words [MAX_LITTLENUMS];
+  char *           t;
+
+  switch (type)
+    {
+    case 'f':
+    case 'F':
+    case 's':
+    case 'S':
+      prec = 2;
+      break;
+
+    case 'd':
+    case 'D':
+    case 'r':
+    case 'R':
+      prec = 4;
+      break;
+
+   /* FIXME: Some targets allow other format chars for bigger sizes here.  */
+
+    default:
+      * sizeP = 0;
+      return _("Bad call to md_atof()");
+    }
+
+  t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
+  if (t)
+    input_line_pointer = t;
+  * sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < prec; i++)
+    {
+      md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) words[i],
+			  sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
+      litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
+    }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* If this function returns non-zero, it prevents the relocation
+   against symbol(s) in the FIXP from being replaced with relocations
+   against section symbols, and guarantees that a relocation will be
+   emitted even when the value can be resolved locally.  */
+
+int
+metag_force_relocation (fixS * fix)
+{
+  switch (fix->fx_r_type)
+    {
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_RELBRANCH_PLT:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IE:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDM:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_GD:
+      return 1;
+    default:
+      ;
+    }
+
+  return generic_force_reloc (fix);
+}
+
+bfd_boolean
+metag_fix_adjustable (fixS * fixP)
+{
+  if (fixP->fx_addsy == NULL)
+    return 1;
+
+  /* Prevent all adjustments to global symbols.  */
+  if (S_IS_EXTERNAL (fixP->fx_addsy))
+    return 0;
+  if (S_IS_WEAK (fixP->fx_addsy))
+    return 0;
+
+  if (fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_HI16_GOTOFF ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_LO16_GOTOFF ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSET_GOTOFF ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSET_GOT ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_HI16_GOTPC ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_LO16_GOTPC ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_HI16_PLT ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_LO16_PLT ||
+      fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_METAG_RELBRANCH_PLT)
+    return 0;
+
+  /* We need the symbol name for the VTABLE entries.  */
+  if (fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
+      || fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
+    return 0;
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* Return an initial guess of the length by which a fragment must grow to
+   hold a branch to reach its destination.
+   Also updates fr_type/fr_subtype as necessary.
+
+   Called just before doing relaxation.
+   Any symbol that is now undefined will not become defined.
+   The guess for fr_var is ACTUALLY the growth beyond fr_fix.
+   Whatever we do to grow fr_fix or fr_var contributes to our returned value.
+   Although it may not be explicit in the frag, pretend fr_var starts with a
+   0 value.  */
+
+int
+md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS * fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+			       segT    segment ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+  /* No assembler relaxation is defined (or necessary) for this port.  */
+  abort ();
+}
+
+/* *fragP has been relaxed to its final size, and now needs to have
+   the bytes inside it modified to conform to the new size.
+
+   Called after relaxation is finished.
+   fragP->fr_type == rs_machine_dependent.
+   fragP->fr_subtype is the subtype of what the address relaxed to.  */
+
+void
+md_convert_frag (bfd * abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, segT sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+		 fragS * fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+  /* No assembler relaxation is defined (or necessary) for this port.  */
+  abort ();
+}
+
+/* This is called from HANDLE_ALIGN in tc-metag.h.  */
+
+void
+metag_handle_align (fragS * fragP)
+{
+  static char const noop[4] = { 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xa0 };
+  int bytes, fix;
+  char *p;
+
+  if (fragP->fr_type != rs_align_code)
+    return;
+
+  bytes = fragP->fr_next->fr_address - fragP->fr_address - fragP->fr_fix;
+  p = fragP->fr_literal + fragP->fr_fix;
+  fix = 0;
+
+  if (bytes & 3)
+    {
+      fix = bytes & 3;
+      memset (p, 0, fix);
+      p += fix;
+      bytes -= fix;
+    }
+
+  while (bytes >= 4)
+    {
+      memcpy (p, noop, 4);
+      p += 4;
+      bytes -= 4;
+      fix += 4;
+    }
+
+  fragP->fr_fix += fix;
+  fragP->fr_var = 4;
+}
+
+static char *
+metag_end_of_match (char * cont, char * what)
+{
+  int len = strlen (what);
+
+  if (strncasecmp (cont, what, strlen (what)) == 0
+      && ! is_part_of_name (cont[len]))
+    return cont + len;
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+int
+metag_parse_name (char const * name, expressionS * exprP, enum expr_mode mode,
+		  char * nextcharP)
+{
+  char *next = input_line_pointer;
+  char *next_end;
+  int reloc_type;
+  operatorT op_type;
+  segT segment;
+
+  exprP->X_op_symbol = NULL;
+  exprP->X_md = BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
+
+  if (strcmp (name, GOT_NAME) == 0)
+    {
+      if (! GOT_symbol)
+	GOT_symbol = symbol_find_or_make (name);
+
+      exprP->X_add_symbol = GOT_symbol;
+    no_suffix:
+      /* If we have an absolute symbol or a
+	 reg, then we know its value now.  */
+      segment = S_GET_SEGMENT (exprP->X_add_symbol);
+      if (mode != expr_defer && segment == absolute_section)
+	{
+	  exprP->X_op = O_constant;
+	  exprP->X_add_number = S_GET_VALUE (exprP->X_add_symbol);
+	  exprP->X_add_symbol = NULL;
+	}
+      else if (mode != expr_defer && segment == reg_section)
+	{
+	  exprP->X_op = O_register;
+	  exprP->X_add_number = S_GET_VALUE (exprP->X_add_symbol);
+	  exprP->X_add_symbol = NULL;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  exprP->X_op = O_symbol;
+	  exprP->X_add_number = 0;
+	}
+
+      return 1;
+    }
+
+  exprP->X_add_symbol = symbol_find_or_make (name);
+
+  if (*nextcharP != '@')
+    goto no_suffix;
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "GOTOFF")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_GOTOFF;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "GOT")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_GETSET_GOT;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "PLT")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_PLT;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "TLSGD")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_GD;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "TLSLDM")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDM;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "TLSLDO")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "TLSIE")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IE;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "TLSIENONPIC")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IENONPIC;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;	/* FIXME: is this correct? */
+    }
+  else if ((next_end = metag_end_of_match (next + 1, "TLSLE")))
+    {
+      reloc_type = BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE;
+      op_type = O_PIC_reloc;
+    }
+  else
+    goto no_suffix;
+
+  *input_line_pointer = *nextcharP;
+  input_line_pointer = next_end;
+  *nextcharP = *input_line_pointer;
+  *input_line_pointer = '\0';
+
+  exprP->X_op = op_type;
+  exprP->X_add_number = 0;
+  exprP->X_md = reloc_type;
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
+   then it is done here.  */
+
+arelent *
+tc_gen_reloc (seg, fixp)
+     asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
+     fixS *fixp;
+{
+  arelent *reloc;
+
+  reloc		      = (arelent *) xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
+  reloc->sym_ptr_ptr  = (asymbol **) xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
+  *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
+  reloc->address      = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
+
+  reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
+  reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
+
+  if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
+    {
+      as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
+		    /* xgettext:c-format.  */
+		    _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
+		    (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
+
+      xfree (reloc);
+
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  return reloc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int
+md_chars_to_number (char *val, int n)
+{
+  int retval;
+  unsigned char * where = (unsigned char *) val;
+
+  for (retval = 0; n--;)
+    {
+      retval <<= 8;
+      retval |= where[n];
+    }
+  return retval;
+}
+
+void
+md_apply_fix (fixS *fixP, valueT *valP, segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+  char *buf = fixP->fx_where + fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal;
+  int value = (int)*valP;
+
+  switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
+    {
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_GD:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE_HI16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LE_LO16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IE:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IENONPIC_HI16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_IENONPIC_LO16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDM:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO_HI16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_TLS_LDO_LO16:
+      S_SET_THREAD_LOCAL (fixP->fx_addsy);
+      /* Fall through */
+
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_HIADDR16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_LOADDR16:
+    case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT:
+    case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY:
+      fixP->fx_done = FALSE;
+      break;
+
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_REL8:
+      if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM8_BITS))
+	{
+	  as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
+			"rel8 out of range %d", value);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  unsigned int newval;
+	  newval = md_chars_to_number (buf, 4);
+	  newval = (newval & 0xffffc03f) | ((value & IMM8_MASK) << 6);
+	  md_number_to_chars (buf, newval, 4);
+	}
+      break;
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_REL16:
+      if (!within_unsigned_range (value, IMM16_BITS))
+	{
+	  as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
+			"rel16 out of range %d", value);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  unsigned int newval;
+	  newval = md_chars_to_number (buf, 4);
+	  newval = (newval & 0xfff80007) | ((value & IMM16_MASK) << 3);
+	  md_number_to_chars (buf, newval, 4);
+	}
+      break;
+
+    case BFD_RELOC_8:
+      md_number_to_chars (buf, value, 1);
+      break;
+    case BFD_RELOC_16:
+      md_number_to_chars (buf, value, 2);
+      break;
+    case BFD_RELOC_32:
+      md_number_to_chars (buf, value, 4);
+      break;
+    case BFD_RELOC_64:
+      md_number_to_chars (buf, value, 8);
+
+    case BFD_RELOC_METAG_RELBRANCH:
+      if (!value)
+	break;
+
+      value = value / 4;
+
+      if (!within_signed_range (value, IMM19_BITS))
+	{
+	  as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
+			"relbranch out of range %d", value);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  unsigned int newval;
+	  newval = md_chars_to_number (buf, 4);
+	  newval = (newval & 0xff00001f) | ((value & IMM19_MASK) << 5);
+	  md_number_to_chars (buf, newval, 4);
+	}
+	break;
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+  if (fixP->fx_addsy == NULL)
+    fixP->fx_done = TRUE;
+}
diff --git a/gas/config/tc-metag.h b/gas/config/tc-metag.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0411f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gas/config/tc-metag.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/* tc-metag.h -- Header file for tc-metag.c.
+   Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Contributed by Imagination Technologies Ltd.
+
+   This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
+
+   GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	 See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+   Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+   02110-1301, USA.  */
+
+#define TC_METAG
+
+#define LISTING_HEADER "META GAS "
+
+/* The target BFD architecture.  */
+#define TARGET_ARCH bfd_arch_metag
+
+#define TARGET_FORMAT "elf32-metag"
+
+#define TARGET_BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN 0
+
+/* Permit temporary numeric labels.  */
+#define LOCAL_LABELS_FB 1
+
+#define DIFF_EXPR_OK		/* foo-. gets turned into PC relative relocs */
+
+/* We don't need to handle .word strangely.  */
+#define WORKING_DOT_WORD
+
+/* Values passed to md_apply_fix don't include the symbol value.  */
+#define MD_APPLY_SYM_VALUE(FIX) 0
+
+#define tc_fix_adjustable(FIX) metag_fix_adjustable (FIX)
+extern bfd_boolean metag_fix_adjustable (struct fix *);
+
+#define TC_FORCE_RELOCATION(fix) metag_force_relocation (fix)
+extern int metag_force_relocation (struct fix *);
+
+#define TC_HANDLES_FX_DONE
+
+/* Call md_pcrel_from_section(), not md_pcrel_from().  */
+#define MD_PCREL_FROM_SECTION(FIX, SEC) md_pcrel_from_section (FIX, SEC)
+extern long md_pcrel_from_section (struct fix *, segT);
+
+#define HANDLE_ALIGN(fragp) metag_handle_align (fragp)
+extern void metag_handle_align (struct frag *);
+
+#define DWARF2_LINE_MIN_INSN_LENGTH 1
+
+#define md_parse_name(name, exprP, mode, nextcharP) \
+  metag_parse_name ((name), (exprP), (mode), (nextcharP))
+extern int metag_parse_name (char const *, expressionS *, enum expr_mode, char *);
+
+/* This is used to construct expressions out of @GOTOFF, @PLT and @GOT
+   symbols.  The relocation type is stored in X_md.  */
+#define O_PIC_reloc O_md1
+
+#define TC_CASE_SENSITIVE
+
+extern const char       metag_symbol_chars[];
+#define tc_symbol_chars metag_symbol_chars