19990502 sourceware importbinu_ss_19990502

1 files changed, 1010 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gas/as.c b/gas/as.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cdd357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gas/as.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1010 @@
+/* as.c - GAS main program.
+   Copyright (C) 1987, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 1999
+   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
+
+   GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+   Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
+   02111-1307, USA. */
+
+/*
+ * Main program for AS; a 32-bit assembler of GNU.
+ * Understands command arguments.
+ * Has a few routines that don't fit in other modules because they
+ * are shared.
+ *
+ *
+ *			bugs
+ *
+ * : initialisers
+ *	Since no-one else says they will support them in future: I
+ * don't support them now.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "ansidecl.h"
+
+#define COMMON
+
+#include "as.h"
+#include "subsegs.h"
+#include "output-file.h"
+#include "sb.h"
+#include "macro.h"
+
+#ifndef HAVE_ITBL_CPU
+#define itbl_parse(itbl_file) 1
+#define itbl_init()
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SBRK
+#ifdef NEED_DECLARATION_SBRK
+extern PTR sbrk ();
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static void show_usage PARAMS ((FILE *));
+static void parse_args PARAMS ((int *, char ***));
+static void dump_statistics PARAMS ((void));
+static void perform_an_assembly_pass PARAMS ((int argc, char **argv));
+static int macro_expr PARAMS ((const char *, int, sb *, int *));
+
+int listing;			/* true if a listing is wanted */
+
+static char *listing_filename = NULL;	/* Name of listing file.  */
+
+/* Type of debugging to generate.  */
+
+enum debug_info_type debug_type = DEBUG_NONE;
+
+/* Maximum level of macro nesting.  */
+
+int max_macro_nest = 100;
+
+char *myname;			/* argv[0] */
+#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+segT reg_section, expr_section;
+segT text_section, data_section, bss_section;
+#endif
+
+/* The default obstack chunk size.  If we set this to zero, the
+   obstack code will use whatever will fit in a 4096 byte block.  */
+int chunksize = 0;
+
+/* To monitor memory allocation more effectively, make this non-zero.
+   Then the chunk sizes for gas and bfd will be reduced.  */
+int debug_memory = 0;
+
+/* We build a list of defsyms as we read the options, and then define
+   them after we have initialized everything.  */
+
+struct defsym_list
+{
+  struct defsym_list *next;
+  char *name;
+  valueT value;
+};
+
+static struct defsym_list *defsyms;
+
+/* Keep a record of the itbl files we read in. */
+
+struct itbl_file_list
+{
+  struct itbl_file_list *next;
+  char *name;
+};
+
+static struct itbl_file_list *itbl_files;
+
+void
+print_version_id ()
+{
+  static int printed;
+  if (printed)
+    return;
+  printed = 1;
+
+#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+  fprintf (stderr, _("GNU assembler version %s (%s) using BFD version %s"),
+	   VERSION, TARGET_ALIAS, BFD_VERSION);
+#else
+  fprintf (stderr, _("GNU assembler version %s (%s)"), VERSION, TARGET_ALIAS);
+#endif
+  fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+static void
+show_usage (stream)
+     FILE *stream;
+{
+  fprintf (stream, _("Usage: %s [option...] [asmfile...]\n"), myname);
+
+  fprintf (stream, _("\
+Options:\n\
+  -a[sub-option...]	turn on listings\n\
+    Sub-options [default hls]:\n\
+    c   omit false conditionals\n\
+    d   omit debugging directives\n\
+    h   include high-level source\n\
+    l   include assembly\n\
+    m   include macro expansions\n\
+    n   omit forms processing\n\
+    s   include symbols\n\
+    =file set listing file name (must be last sub-option)\n"));
+  
+  fprintf (stream, _("\
+  -D		          produce assembler debugging messages\n\
+  --defsym SYM=VAL        define symbol SYM to given value\n\
+  -f		          skip whitespace and comment preprocessing\n\
+  --gstabs	          generate stabs debugging information\n\
+  --help		  show this message and exit\n\
+  -I DIR		  add DIR to search list for .include directives\n\
+  -J		          don't warn about signed overflow\n\
+  -K		          warn when differences altered for long displacements\n\
+  -L,--keep-locals        keep local symbols (e.g. starting with `L')\n"));
+  
+  fprintf (stream, _("\
+  -M,--mri	          assemble in MRI compatibility mode\n\
+  --MD FILE	          write dependency information in FILE (default none)\n\
+  -nocpp		  ignored\n\
+  -o OBJFILE	          name the object-file output OBJFILE (default a.out)\n\
+  -R		          fold data section into text section\n\
+  --statistics	          print various measured statistics from execution\n\
+  --strip-local-absolute  strip local absolute symbols\n\
+  --traditional-format	  Use same format as native assembler when possible\n\
+  --version		  print assembler version number and exit\n\
+  -W			  suppress warnings\n\
+  --itbl INSTTBL	  extend instruction set to include instructions\n\
+			  matching the specifications defined in file INSTTBL\n\
+  -w			  ignored\n\
+  -X			  ignored\n\
+  -Z			  generate object file even after errors\n"));
+  
+  fprintf (stream, _("\
+  --listing-lhs-width	  set the width in words of the output data column of\n\
+			  the listing\n\
+  --listing-lhs-width2	  set the width in words of the continuation lines\n\
+			  of the output data column; ignored if smaller than\n\
+			  the width of the first line\n\
+  --listing-rhs-width	  set the max width in characters of the lines from\n\
+			  the source file\n\
+  --listing-cont-lines	  set the maximum number of continuation lines used\n\
+			  for the output data column of the listing\n"));
+
+  md_show_usage (stream);
+
+  fprintf (stream, _("\nReport bugs to bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org\n"));
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
+#define EMULATION_ENVIRON "AS_EMULATION"
+
+extern struct emulation mipsbelf, mipslelf, mipself;
+extern struct emulation mipsbecoff, mipslecoff, mipsecoff;
+extern struct emulation i386coff, i386elf;
+
+static struct emulation *const emulations[] = { EMULATIONS };
+static const int n_emulations = sizeof (emulations) / sizeof (emulations[0]);
+
+static void select_emulation_mode PARAMS ((int, char **));
+
+static void
+select_emulation_mode (argc, argv)
+     int argc;
+     char **argv;
+{
+  int i;
+  char *p, *em = 0;
+
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+    if (!strncmp ("--em", argv[i], 4))
+      break;
+
+  if (i == argc)
+    goto do_default;
+
+  p = strchr (argv[i], '=');
+  if (p)
+    p++;
+  else
+    p = argv[i+1];
+
+  if (!p || !*p)
+    as_fatal (_("missing emulation mode name"));
+  em = p;
+
+ do_default:
+  if (em == 0)
+    em = getenv (EMULATION_ENVIRON);
+  if (em == 0)
+    em = DEFAULT_EMULATION;
+
+  if (em)
+    {
+      for (i = 0; i < n_emulations; i++)
+	if (!strcmp (emulations[i]->name, em))
+	  break;
+      if (i == n_emulations)
+	as_fatal (_("unrecognized emulation name `%s'"), em);
+      this_emulation = emulations[i];
+    }
+  else
+    this_emulation = emulations[0];
+
+  this_emulation->init ();
+}
+
+const char *
+default_emul_bfd_name ()
+{
+  abort ();
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+void
+common_emul_init ()
+{
+  this_format = this_emulation->format;
+
+  if (this_emulation->leading_underscore == 2)
+    this_emulation->leading_underscore = this_format->dfl_leading_underscore;
+
+  if (this_emulation->default_endian != 2)
+    target_big_endian = this_emulation->default_endian;
+
+  if (this_emulation->fake_label_name == 0)
+    {
+      if (this_emulation->leading_underscore)
+	this_emulation->fake_label_name = "L0\001";
+      else
+	/* What other parameters should we test?  */
+	this_emulation->fake_label_name = ".L0\001";
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Since it is easy to do here we interpret the special arg "-"
+ * to mean "use stdin" and we set that argv[] pointing to "".
+ * After we have munged argv[], the only things left are source file
+ * name(s) and ""(s) denoting stdin. These file names are used
+ * (perhaps more than once) later.
+ *
+ * check for new machine-dep cmdline options in
+ * md_parse_option definitions in config/tc-*.c
+ */
+
+static void
+parse_args (pargc, pargv)
+     int *pargc;
+     char ***pargv;
+{
+  int old_argc, new_argc;
+  char **old_argv, **new_argv;
+
+  /* Starting the short option string with '-' is for programs that
+     expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about
+     the ordering of the two.  We describe each non-option ARGV-element
+     as if it were the argument of an option with character code 1.  */
+
+  char *shortopts;
+  extern CONST char *md_shortopts;
+  static const char std_shortopts[] =
+    {
+      '-', 'J',
+#ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
+      /* -K is not meaningful if .word is not being hacked.  */
+      'K',
+#endif
+      'L', 'M', 'R', 'W', 'Z', 'f', 'a', ':', ':', 'D', 'I', ':', 'o', ':',
+#ifndef VMS
+      /* -v takes an argument on VMS, so we don't make it a generic
+         option.  */
+      'v',
+#endif
+      'w', 'X',
+      /* New option for extending instruction set (see also --itbl below) */
+      't', ':',
+      '\0'
+    };
+  struct option *longopts;
+  extern struct option md_longopts[];
+  extern size_t md_longopts_size;
+  static const struct option std_longopts[] = {
+#define OPTION_HELP (OPTION_STD_BASE)
+    {"help", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_HELP},
+    {"keep-locals", no_argument, NULL, 'L'},
+    {"mri", no_argument, NULL, 'M'},
+#define OPTION_NOCPP (OPTION_STD_BASE + 1)
+    {"nocpp", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NOCPP},
+#define OPTION_STATISTICS (OPTION_STD_BASE + 2)
+    {"statistics", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_STATISTICS},
+#define OPTION_VERSION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 3)
+    {"version", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERSION},
+#define OPTION_DUMPCONFIG (OPTION_STD_BASE + 4)
+    {"dump-config", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_DUMPCONFIG},
+#define OPTION_VERBOSE (OPTION_STD_BASE + 5)
+    {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERBOSE},
+#define OPTION_EMULATION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 6)
+    {"emulation", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_EMULATION},
+#define OPTION_DEFSYM (OPTION_STD_BASE + 7)
+    {"defsym", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_DEFSYM},
+#define OPTION_INSTTBL (OPTION_STD_BASE + 8)
+    /* New option for extending instruction set (see also -t above).
+       The "-t file" or "--itbl file" option extends the basic set of
+       valid instructions by reading "file", a text file containing a
+       list of instruction formats.  The additional opcodes and their
+       formats are added to the built-in set of instructions, and
+       mnemonics for new registers may also be defined.  */
+    {"itbl", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_INSTTBL},
+#define OPTION_LISTING_LHS_WIDTH (OPTION_STD_BASE + 9)
+    {"listing-lhs-width", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_LISTING_LHS_WIDTH},
+#define OPTION_LISTING_LHS_WIDTH2 (OPTION_STD_BASE + 10)
+    {"listing-lhs-width", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_LISTING_LHS_WIDTH2},
+#define OPTION_LISTING_RHS_WIDTH (OPTION_STD_BASE + 11)
+    {"listing-rhs-width", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_LISTING_RHS_WIDTH},
+#define OPTION_LISTING_CONT_LINES (OPTION_STD_BASE + 12)
+    {"listing-cont-lines", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_LISTING_CONT_LINES},
+#define OPTION_DEPFILE (OPTION_STD_BASE + 13)
+    {"MD", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_DEPFILE},
+#define OPTION_GSTABS (OPTION_STD_BASE + 14)
+    {"gstabs", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_GSTABS},
+#define OPTION_STRIP_LOCAL_ABSOLUTE (OPTION_STD_BASE + 15)
+    {"strip-local-absolute", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_STRIP_LOCAL_ABSOLUTE},
+#define OPTION_TRADITIONAL_FORMAT (OPTION_STD_BASE + 16)
+    {"traditional-format", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_TRADITIONAL_FORMAT}
+  };
+
+  /* Construct the option lists from the standard list and the
+     target dependent list.  */
+  shortopts = concat (std_shortopts, md_shortopts, (char *) NULL);
+  longopts = (struct option *) xmalloc (sizeof (std_longopts) + md_longopts_size);
+  memcpy (longopts, std_longopts, sizeof (std_longopts));
+  memcpy ((char *) longopts + sizeof (std_longopts),
+	  md_longopts, md_longopts_size);
+
+  /* Make a local copy of the old argv.  */
+  old_argc = *pargc;
+  old_argv = *pargv;
+
+  /* Initialize a new argv that contains no options.  */
+  new_argv = (char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * (old_argc + 1));
+  new_argv[0] = old_argv[0];
+  new_argc = 1;
+  new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
+
+  while (1)
+    {
+      /* getopt_long_only is like getopt_long, but '-' as well as '--' can
+	 indicate a long option.  */
+      int longind;
+      int optc = getopt_long_only (old_argc, old_argv, shortopts, longopts,
+				   &longind);
+
+      if (optc == -1)
+	break;
+
+      switch (optc)
+	{
+	default:
+	  /* md_parse_option should return 1 if it recognizes optc,
+	     0 if not.  */
+	  if (md_parse_option (optc, optarg) != 0)
+	    break;
+	  /* `-v' isn't included in the general short_opts list, so check for
+	     it explicity here before deciding we've gotten a bad argument.  */
+	  if (optc == 'v')
+	    {
+#ifdef VMS
+	      /* Telling getopt to treat -v's value as optional can result
+		 in it picking up a following filename argument here.  The
+		 VMS code in md_parse_option can return 0 in that case,
+		 but it has no way of pushing the filename argument back.  */
+	      if (optarg && *optarg)
+		new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg,  new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
+	      else
+#else
+	      case 'v':
+#endif
+	      case OPTION_VERBOSE:
+		print_version_id ();
+	      break;
+	    }
+	  /*FALLTHRU*/
+
+	case '?':
+	  exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+	case 1:			/* File name.  */
+	  if (!strcmp (optarg, "-"))
+	    optarg = "";
+	  new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg;
+	  new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_HELP:
+	  show_usage (stdout);
+	  exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
+	case OPTION_NOCPP:
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_STATISTICS:
+	  flag_print_statistics = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_STRIP_LOCAL_ABSOLUTE:
+	  flag_strip_local_absolute = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_TRADITIONAL_FORMAT:
+	  flag_traditional_format = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_VERSION:
+	  /* This output is intended to follow the GNU standards document.  */
+	  printf (_("GNU assembler %s\n"), VERSION);
+	  printf (_("Copyright 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"));
+	  printf (_("\
+This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of\n\
+the GNU General Public License.  This program has absolutely no warranty.\n"));
+	  printf (_("This assembler was configured for a target of `%s'.\n"),
+		  TARGET_ALIAS);
+	  exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
+	case OPTION_EMULATION:
+#ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
+	  if (strcmp (optarg, this_emulation->name))
+	    as_fatal (_("multiple emulation names specified"));
+#else
+	  as_fatal (_("emulations not handled in this configuration"));
+#endif
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_DUMPCONFIG:
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("alias = %s\n"), TARGET_ALIAS);
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("canonical = %s\n"), TARGET_CANONICAL);
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("cpu-type = %s\n"), TARGET_CPU);
+#ifdef TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("format = %s\n"), TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT);
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_FORMAT
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("bfd-target = %s\n"), TARGET_FORMAT);
+#endif
+	  exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
+	case OPTION_DEFSYM:
+	  {
+	    char *s;
+	    long i;
+	    struct defsym_list *n;
+
+	    for (s = optarg; *s != '\0' && *s != '='; s++)
+	      ;
+	    if (*s == '\0')
+	      as_fatal (_("bad defsym; format is --defsym name=value"));
+	    *s++ = '\0';
+	    i = strtol (s, (char **) NULL, 0);
+	    n = (struct defsym_list *) xmalloc (sizeof *n);
+	    n->next = defsyms;
+	    n->name = optarg;
+	    n->value = i;
+	    defsyms = n;
+	  }
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_INSTTBL:
+	case 't':
+	  {
+	    /* optarg is the name of the file containing the instruction 
+	       formats, opcodes, register names, etc. */
+	    struct itbl_file_list *n;
+
+	    if (optarg == NULL)
+	      {
+		as_warn ( _("No file name following -t option\n") );
+		break;
+	      }
+	    
+	    n = (struct itbl_file_list *) xmalloc (sizeof *n);
+	    n->next = itbl_files;
+	    n->name = optarg;
+	    itbl_files = n;
+
+	    /* Parse the file and add the new instructions to our internal
+	       table.  If multiple instruction tables are specified, the 
+	       information from this table gets appended onto the existing 
+	       internal table. */
+	    itbl_files->name = xstrdup (optarg);
+	    if (itbl_parse (itbl_files->name) != 0)
+	      {
+		fprintf (stderr, _("Failed to read instruction table %s\n"), 
+			 itbl_files->name);
+		exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+	      }
+	  }
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_DEPFILE:
+	  start_dependencies (optarg);
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_GSTABS:
+	  debug_type = DEBUG_STABS;
+	  break;
+ 
+	case 'J':
+	  flag_signed_overflow_ok = 1;
+	  break;
+
+#ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
+	case 'K':
+	  flag_warn_displacement = 1;
+	  break;
+#endif
+
+	case 'L':
+	  flag_keep_locals = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case OPTION_LISTING_LHS_WIDTH:
+	  listing_lhs_width = atoi(optarg);
+	  if (listing_lhs_width_second < listing_lhs_width)
+	    listing_lhs_width_second = listing_lhs_width;
+	  break;
+	case OPTION_LISTING_LHS_WIDTH2:
+	  {
+	    int tmp = atoi(optarg);
+	    if (tmp > listing_lhs_width)
+	      listing_lhs_width_second = tmp;
+	  }
+	  break;
+	case OPTION_LISTING_RHS_WIDTH:
+	  listing_rhs_width = atoi(optarg);
+	  break;
+	case OPTION_LISTING_CONT_LINES:
+	  listing_lhs_cont_lines = atoi(optarg);
+	  break;
+
+	case 'M':
+	  flag_mri = 1;
+#ifdef TC_M68K
+	  flag_m68k_mri = 1;
+#endif
+	  break;
+
+	case 'R':
+	  flag_readonly_data_in_text = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case 'W':
+	  flag_no_warnings = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case 'Z':
+	  flag_always_generate_output = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case 'a':
+	  if (optarg)
+	    {
+	      while (*optarg)
+		{
+		  switch (*optarg)
+		    {
+		    case 'c':
+		      listing |= LISTING_NOCOND;
+		      break;
+		    case 'd':
+		      listing |= LISTING_NODEBUG;
+		      break;
+		    case 'h':
+		      listing |= LISTING_HLL;
+		      break;
+		    case 'l':
+		      listing |= LISTING_LISTING;
+		      break;
+		    case 'm':
+		      listing |= LISTING_MACEXP;
+		      break;
+		    case 'n':
+		      listing |= LISTING_NOFORM;
+		      break;
+		    case 's':
+		      listing |= LISTING_SYMBOLS;
+		      break;
+		    case '=':
+		      listing_filename = xstrdup (optarg + 1);
+		      optarg += strlen (listing_filename);
+		      break;
+		    default:
+		      as_fatal (_("invalid listing option `%c'"), *optarg);
+		      break;
+		    }
+		  optarg++;
+		}
+	    }
+	  if (!listing)
+	    listing = LISTING_DEFAULT;
+	  break;
+
+	case 'D':
+	  /* DEBUG is implemented: it debugs different */
+	  /* things from other people's assemblers. */
+	  flag_debug = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case 'f':
+	  flag_no_comments = 1;
+	  break;
+
+	case 'I':
+	  {			/* Include file directory */
+	    char *temp = xstrdup (optarg);
+	    add_include_dir (temp);
+	    break;
+	  }
+
+	case 'o':
+	  out_file_name = xstrdup (optarg);
+	  break;
+
+	case 'w':
+	  break;
+
+	case 'X':
+	  /* -X means treat warnings as errors */
+	  break;
+	}
+    }
+
+  free (shortopts);
+  free (longopts);
+
+  *pargc = new_argc;
+  *pargv = new_argv;
+}
+
+static long start_time;
+
+int 
+main (argc, argv)
+     int argc;
+     char **argv;
+{
+  int macro_alternate;
+  int macro_strip_at;
+  int keep_it;
+
+  start_time = get_run_time ();
+
+#if defined (HAVE_SETLOCALE) && defined (HAVE_LC_MESSAGES)
+  setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, "");
+#endif
+  bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
+  textdomain (PACKAGE);
+
+  if (debug_memory)
+    {
+#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+      extern long _bfd_chunksize;
+      _bfd_chunksize = 64;
+#endif
+      chunksize = 64;
+    }
+
+#ifdef HOST_SPECIAL_INIT
+  HOST_SPECIAL_INIT (argc, argv);
+#endif
+
+  myname = argv[0];
+  xmalloc_set_program_name (myname);
+
+  START_PROGRESS (myname, 0);
+
+#ifndef OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME
+#define OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME "a.out"
+#endif
+
+  out_file_name = OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
+
+  hex_init ();
+#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+  bfd_init ();
+  bfd_set_error_program_name (myname);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
+  select_emulation_mode (argc, argv);
+#endif
+
+  PROGRESS (1);
+  symbol_begin ();
+  frag_init ();
+  subsegs_begin ();
+  parse_args (&argc, &argv); 
+  read_begin ();
+  input_scrub_begin ();
+  expr_begin ();
+
+  if (flag_print_statistics)
+    xatexit (dump_statistics);
+
+  macro_alternate = 0;
+  macro_strip_at = 0;
+#ifdef TC_I960
+  macro_strip_at = flag_mri;
+#endif
+#ifdef TC_A29K
+  /* For compatibility with the AMD 29K family macro assembler
+     specification.  */
+  macro_alternate = 1;
+  macro_strip_at = 1;
+#endif
+
+  macro_init (macro_alternate, flag_mri, macro_strip_at, macro_expr);
+
+  PROGRESS (1);
+
+#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+  output_file_create (out_file_name);
+  assert (stdoutput != 0);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef tc_init_after_args
+  tc_init_after_args ();
+#endif
+
+  itbl_init ();
+
+  /* Now that we have fully initialized, and have created the output
+     file, define any symbols requested by --defsym command line
+     arguments.  */
+  while (defsyms != NULL)
+    {
+      symbolS *sym;
+      struct defsym_list *next;
+
+      sym = symbol_new (defsyms->name, absolute_section, defsyms->value,
+			&zero_address_frag);
+      symbol_table_insert (sym);
+      next = defsyms->next;
+      free (defsyms);
+      defsyms = next;
+    }
+
+  PROGRESS (1);
+
+  perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv);	/* Assemble it. */
+
+  cond_finish_check (-1);
+
+#ifdef md_end
+  md_end ();
+#endif
+
+  if (seen_at_least_1_file ()
+      && (flag_always_generate_output || had_errors () == 0))
+    keep_it = 1;
+  else
+    keep_it = 0;
+
+#if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
+  /* This used to be done at the start of write_object_file in
+     write.c, but that caused problems when doing listings when
+     keep_it was zero.  This could probably be moved above md_end, but
+     I didn't want to risk the change.  */
+  subsegs_finish ();
+#endif
+
+  if (keep_it)
+    write_object_file ();
+
+#ifndef NO_LISTING
+  listing_print (listing_filename);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef OBJ_VMS /* does its own file handling */
+#ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+  if (keep_it)
+#endif
+    output_file_close (out_file_name);
+#endif
+
+  if (had_errors () > 0 && ! flag_always_generate_output)
+    keep_it = 0;
+
+  if (!keep_it)
+    unlink (out_file_name);
+
+  input_scrub_end ();
+
+  END_PROGRESS (myname);
+
+  /* Use xexit instead of return, because under VMS environments they
+     may not place the same interpretation on the value given.  */
+  if (had_errors () > 0)
+    xexit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+  /* Only generate dependency file if assembler was successful.  */
+  print_dependencies ();
+
+  xexit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+static void
+dump_statistics ()
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_SBRK
+  char *lim = (char *) sbrk (0);
+#endif
+  long run_time = get_run_time () - start_time;
+
+  fprintf (stderr, _("%s: total time in assembly: %ld.%06ld\n"),
+	   myname, run_time / 1000000, run_time % 1000000);
+#ifdef HAVE_SBRK
+  fprintf (stderr, _("%s: data size %ld\n"),
+	   myname, (long) (lim - (char *) &environ));
+#endif
+
+  subsegs_print_statistics (stderr);
+  write_print_statistics (stderr);
+  symbol_print_statistics (stderr);
+  read_print_statistics (stderr);
+
+#ifdef tc_print_statistics
+  tc_print_statistics (stderr);
+#endif
+#ifdef obj_print_statistics
+  obj_print_statistics (stderr);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+/*			perform_an_assembly_pass()
+ *
+ * Here to attempt 1 pass over each input file.
+ * We scan argv[*] looking for filenames or exactly "" which is
+ * shorthand for stdin. Any argv that is NULL is not a file-name.
+ * We set need_pass_2 TRUE if, after this, we still have unresolved
+ * expressions of the form (unknown value)+-(unknown value).
+ *
+ * Note the un*x semantics: there is only 1 logical input file, but it
+ * may be a catenation of many 'physical' input files.
+ */
+static void 
+perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv)
+     int argc;
+     char **argv;
+{
+  int saw_a_file = 0;
+#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+  flagword applicable;
+#endif
+
+  need_pass_2 = 0;
+
+#ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
+#ifdef MANY_SEGMENTS
+  {
+    unsigned int i;
+    for (i = SEG_E0; i < SEG_UNKNOWN; i++)
+      segment_info[i].fix_root = 0;
+  }
+  /* Create the three fixed ones */
+  {
+    segT seg;
+
+#ifdef TE_APOLLO
+    seg = subseg_new (".wtext", 0);
+#else
+    seg = subseg_new (".text", 0);
+#endif
+    assert (seg == SEG_E0);
+    seg = subseg_new (".data", 0);
+    assert (seg == SEG_E1);
+    seg = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
+    assert (seg == SEG_E2);
+#ifdef TE_APOLLO
+    create_target_segments ();
+#endif
+  }
+
+#else /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
+  text_fix_root = NULL;
+  data_fix_root = NULL;
+  bss_fix_root = NULL;
+#endif /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
+#else /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
+  /* Create the standard sections, and those the assembler uses
+     internally.  */
+  text_section = subseg_new (TEXT_SECTION_NAME, 0);
+  data_section = subseg_new (DATA_SECTION_NAME, 0);
+  bss_section = subseg_new (BSS_SECTION_NAME, 0);
+  /* @@ FIXME -- we're setting the RELOC flag so that sections are assumed
+     to have relocs, otherwise we don't find out in time. */
+  applicable = bfd_applicable_section_flags (stdoutput);
+  bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, text_section,
+			 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC
+				       | SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY));
+  /* @@ FIXME -- SEC_CODE seems to mean code only, rather than code possibly.*/
+  bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, data_section,
+			 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC));
+  bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, bss_section, applicable & SEC_ALLOC);
+  seg_info (bss_section)->bss = 1;
+  subseg_new (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, 0);
+  subseg_new (BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME, 0);
+  reg_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `reg' section*", 0);
+  expr_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `expr' section*", 0);
+
+#endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
+
+  subseg_set (text_section, 0);
+
+  /* This may add symbol table entries, which requires having an open BFD,
+     and sections already created, in BFD_ASSEMBLER mode.  */
+  md_begin ();
+
+#ifdef obj_begin
+  obj_begin ();
+#endif
+
+  argv++;			/* skip argv[0] */
+  argc--;			/* skip argv[0] */
+  while (argc--)
+    {
+      if (*argv)
+	{			/* Is it a file-name argument? */
+	  PROGRESS (1);
+	  saw_a_file++;
+	  /* argv->"" if stdin desired, else->filename */
+	  read_a_source_file (*argv);
+	}
+      argv++;			/* completed that argv */
+    }
+  if (!saw_a_file)
+    read_a_source_file ("");
+}				/* perform_an_assembly_pass() */
+
+/* The interface between the macro code and gas expression handling.  */
+
+static int
+macro_expr (emsg, idx, in, val)
+     const char *emsg;
+     int idx;
+     sb *in;
+     int *val;
+{
+  char *hold;
+  expressionS ex;
+
+  sb_terminate (in);
+
+  hold = input_line_pointer;
+  input_line_pointer = in->ptr + idx;
+  expression (&ex);
+  idx = input_line_pointer - in->ptr;
+  input_line_pointer = hold;
+
+  if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
+    as_bad ("%s", emsg);
+
+  *val = (int) ex.X_add_number;
+
+  return idx;
+}
+
+/* end of as.c */