Allow BFD to recognize macOS universal libraries

Bug #13157 is about a gdb regression, where previously it could handle
universal libraries, but now cannot.

gdb isn't working for me on macOS for other reasons, so I wrote this
small test program to show the problem:

    #include <config.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <bfd.h>

    void
    die (const char *what)
    {
      fprintf (stderr, "die: %s\n", what);
      exit (1);
    }

    int
    main (int argc, char **argv)
    {
      bfd *file = bfd_openr (argv[1], NULL);
      if (file == NULL)
	die ("couldn't open");

      if (!bfd_check_format (file, bfd_archive))
	die ("not an archive");

      printf ("yay\n");

      bfd_close (file);
      return 0;
    }

Then I built a simple universal binary.  With git master BFD, I get:

    $ ./doit ./universal-exe
    die: not an archive

Jeff Muizelaar tracked this down to the BFD change for PR binutils/21787.
This patch changed bfd_generic_archive_p to sometimes reset the BFD's
"format" field.

However, simply changing bfd_generic_archive_p regressed the test case
in that bug.

Debugging PR binutils/21787 again, what I saw is that the mach-o
universal binary support acts like a bfd_archive but does not provide
a _close_and_cleanup function.  However, if a BFD appears as an
archive member, it must always remove its own entry from its parent's
map.  Otherwise, when the parent is destroyed, the already-destroyed
child BFD will be referenced.  mach-o does not use the usual archive
member support, so simply using _bfd_archive_close_and_cleanup (as
other targets do) will not work.

This patch fixes the problem by introducing a new
_bfd_unlink_from_archive_parent function, then arranging for it to be
called in the mach-o case.

Ok?

bfd/ChangeLog
2018-07-02  Jeff Muizelaar  <jrmuizel@gmail.com>
	    Tom Tromey  <tom@tromey.com>

	PR 13157
	PR 21787
	* mach-o.c (bfd_mach_o_fat_close_and_cleanup): New function.
	(bfd_mach_o_close_and_cleanup): Redefine.
	* archive.c (_bfd_unlink_from_archive_parent): New function,
	extracted from..
	(_bfd_archive_close_and_cleanup): ..here.
	(bfd_generic_archive_p): Do not clear archive's format.
	* libbfd-in.h (_bfd_unlink_from_archive_parent): Declare.
	* libbfd.h: Regenerate.

1 files changed, 1 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/bfd/libbfd.h b/bfd/libbfd.h
index 85f61b2..a884aab 100644
--- a/bfd/libbfd.h
+++ b/bfd/libbfd.h
@@ -282,6 +282,7 @@ extern int bfd_generic_stat_arch_elt
 #define _bfd_generic_close_and_cleanup _bfd_archive_close_and_cleanup
 extern bfd_boolean _bfd_archive_close_and_cleanup
   (bfd *) ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
+extern void _bfd_unlink_from_archive_parent (bfd *) ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 #define _bfd_generic_bfd_free_cached_info _bfd_bool_bfd_true
 extern bfd_boolean _bfd_generic_new_section_hook
   (bfd *, asection *) ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;