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authorSteve Chamberlain <sac@cygnus>1991-11-30 21:41:22 +0000
committerSteve Chamberlain <sac@cygnus>1991-11-30 21:41:22 +0000
commit9fda1a399cb205730f28edd0b9b61c4c774a3ce2 (patch)
tree8a4e69f9cae6d816f9c2b04a5afc7bb70cfc1a78 /bfd/coffcode.h
parent8978401fd13b2a57627d372076101006516497c9 (diff)
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New documentation style
Diffstat (limited to 'bfd/coffcode.h')
-rw-r--r--bfd/coffcode.h529
1 files changed, 279 insertions, 250 deletions
diff --git a/bfd/coffcode.h b/bfd/coffcode.h
index 1edcd2f..01a2ffa 100644
--- a/bfd/coffcode.h
+++ b/bfd/coffcode.h
@@ -18,231 +18,249 @@ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
-/*doc*
-@section coff backends
-
-BFD supports a number of different flavours of coff format. The major
-difference between formats are the sizes and alignments of fields in
-structures on disk, and the occasional extra field.
-
-Coff in all its varieties is implimented with a few common files and a
-number of implementation specific files. For example, The 88k bcs coff
-format is implemented in the file @code{coff-m88k.c}. This file
-@code{#include}s @code{coff-m88k.h} which defines the external
-structure of the coff format for the 88k, and @code{internalcoff.h}
-which defines the internal structure. @code{coff-m88k.c} also defines
-the relocations used by the 88k format @xref{Relocations}. Then the
-major portion of coff code is included (@code{coffcode.h}) which
-defines the methods used to act upon the types defined in
-@code{coff-m88k.h} and @code{internalcoff.h}.
-
-The Intel i960 processor version of coff is implemented in
-@code{coff-i960.c}. This file has the same structure as
-@code{coff-m88k.c}, except that it includes @code{coff-i960.h} rather
-than @code{coff-m88k.h}.
-
-@subsection Porting To A New Version of Coff
-
-The recommended method is to select from the existing implimentations
-the version of coff which is most like the one you want to use, for
-our purposes, we'll say that i386 coff is the one you select, and that
-your coff flavour is called foo. Copy the @code{i386coff.c} to @code{foocoff.c},
-copy @code{../include/i386coff.h} to @code{../include/foocoff.h} and
-add the lines to @code{targets.c} and @code{Makefile.in} so that your
-new back end is used.
-
-Alter the shapes of the structures in @code{../include/foocoff.h} so
-that they match what you need. You will probably also have to add
-@code{#ifdef}s to the code in @code{internalcoff.h} and
-@code{coffcode.h} if your version of coff is too wild.
-
-You can verify that your new BFD backend works quite simply by
-building @code{objdump} from the @code{binutils} directory, and
-making sure that its version of what's going on at your host systems
-idea (assuming it has the pretty standard coff dump utility (usually
-called @code{att-dump} or just @code{dump})) are the same.
-
-Then clean up your code, and send what you've done to Cygnus. Then your stuff
-will be in the next release, and you won't have to keep integrating
-it.
-
-@subsection How The Coff Backend Works
-
-@subsubsection Bit Twiddling
-Each flavour of coff supported in BFD has its own header file
-descibing the external layout of the structures. There is also an
-internal description of the coff layout (in @code{internalcoff.h})
-file (@code{}). A major function of the coff backend is swapping the
-bytes and twiddling the bits to translate the external form of the
-structures into the normal internal form. This is all performed in the
-@code{bfd_swap}_@i{thing}_@i{direction} routines. Some elements are
-different sizes between different versions of coff, it is the duty of
-the coff version specific include file to override the definitions of
-various packing routines in @code{coffcode.h}. Eg the size of line
-number entry in coff is sometimes 16 bits, and sometimes 32 bits.
-@code{#define}ing @code{PUT_LNSZ_LNNO} and @code{GET_LNSZ_LNNO} will
-select the correct one. No doubt, some day someone will find a version
-of coff which has a varying field size not catered for at the moment.
-To port BFD, that person will have to add more @code{#defines}.
-
-Three of the bit twiddling routines are exported to @code{gdb};
-@code{coff_swap_aux_in}, @code{coff_swap_sym_in} and
-@code{coff_swap_linno_in}. @code{GDB} reads the symbol table on its
-own, but uses BFD to fix things up.
-
-More of the bit twiddlers are exported for @code{gas};
-@code{coff_swap_aux_out}, @code{coff_swap_sym_out},
-@code{coff_swap_lineno_out}, @code{coff_swap_reloc_out},
-@code{coff_swap_filehdr_out}, @code{coff_swap_aouthdr_out},
-@code{coff_swap_scnhdr_out}. @code{Gas} currently keeps track of all
-the symbol table and reloc drudgery itself, thereby saving the
-internal BFD overhead, but uses BFD to swap things on the way out,
-making cross ports much safer. This also allows BFD (and thus the
-linker) to use the same header files as @code{gas}, which makes one
-avenue to disaster disappear.
-
-@subsubsection Symbol Reading
-The simple canonical form for symbols used by BFD is not rich enough
-to keep all the information available in a coff symbol table. The back
-end gets around this by keeping the original symbol table around,
-"behind the scenes".
-
-When a symbol table is requested (through a call to
-@code{bfd_canonicalize_symtab}, a request gets through to
-@code{get_normalized_symtab}. This reads the symbol table from the
-coff file and swaps all the structures inside into the internal form.
-It also fixes up all the pointers in the table (represented in the file
-by offsets from the first symbol in the table) into physical pointers
-to elements in the new internal table. This involves some work since
-the meanings of fields changes depending upon context; a field that is a
-pointer to another structure in the symbol table at one moment may be
-the size in bytes of a structure in the next.
-
-Another pass is made over the table. All symbols which mark file names
-(@code{C_FILE} symbols) are modified so that the internal string
-points to the value in the auxent (the real filename) rather than the
-normal text associated with the symbol (@code{".file"}).
-
-At this time the symbol names are moved around. Coff stores all
-symbols less than nine characters long physically within the symbol
-table, longer strings are kept at the end of the file in the string
-table. This pass moves all strings into memory, and replaces them with
-pointers to the strings.
-
-The symbol table is massaged once again, this time to create the
-canonical table used by the BFD application. Each symbol is inspected
-in turn, and a decision made (using the @code{sclass} field) about the
-various flags to set in the @code{asymbol} @xref{Symbols}. The
-generated canonical table shares strings with the hidden internal
-symbol table.
-
-Any linenumbers are read from the coff file too, and attached to the
-symbols which own the functions the linenumbers belong to.
-
-@subsubsection Symbol Writing
-Writing a symbol to a coff file which didn't come from a coff file
-will lose any debugging information. The @code{asymbol} structure
-remembers the BFD from which was born, and on output the back end
-makes sure that the same destination target as source target is
-present.
-
-When the symbols have come from a coff file then all the debugging
-information is preserved.
-
-Symbol tables are provided for writing to the back end in a vector of
-pointers to pointers. This allows applications like the linker to
-accumulate and output large symbol tables without having to do too
-much byte copying.
-
-The symbol table is not output to a writable BFD until it is closed.
-The order of operations on the canonical symbol table at that point
-are:
-@table @code
-@item coff_renumber_symbols
-This function runs through the provided symbol table and patches each
-symbol marked as a file place holder (@code{C_FILE}) to point to the
-next file place holder in the list. It also marks each @code{offset}
-field in the list with the offset from the first symbol of the current
-symbol.
-
-Another function of this procedure is to turn the canonical value form
-of BFD into the form used by coff. Internally, BFD expects symbol
-values to be offsets from a section base; so a symbol physically at
-0x120, but in a section starting at 0x100, would have the value 0x20.
-Coff expects symbols to contain their final value, so symbols have
-their values changed at this point to reflect their sum with their
-owning section. Note that this transformation uses the
-@code{output_section} field of the @code{asymbol}'s @code{asection}
-@xref{Sections}.
-@item coff_mangle_symbols
-This routine runs though the provided symbol table and uses the
-offsets generated by the previous pass and the pointers generated when
-the symbol table was read in to create the structured hierachy
-required by coff. It changes each pointer to a symbol to an index into
-the symbol table of the symbol being referenced.
-@item coff_write_symbols
-This routine runs through the symbol table and patches up the symbols
-from their internal form into the coff way, calls the bit twiddlers
-and writes out the tabel to the file.
-@end table
-*/
+/*
-/*proto*
+SECTION
+ coff backends
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ BFD supports a number of different flavours of coff format.
+ The major difference between formats are the sizes and
+ alignments of fields in structures on disk, and the occasional
+ extra field.
+
+ Coff in all its varieties is implimented with a few common
+ files and a number of implementation specific files. For
+ example, The 88k bcs coff format is implemented in the file
+ @code{coff-m88k.c}. This file @code{#include}s
+ @code{coff-m88k.h} which defines the external structure of the
+ coff format for the 88k, and @code{internalcoff.h} which
+ defines the internal structure. @code{coff-m88k.c} also
+ defines pthe relocations used by the 88k format
+ @xref{Relocations}. Then the major portion of coff code is
+ included (@code{coffcode.h}) which defines the methods used to
+ act upon the types defined in @code{coff-m88k.h} and
+ @code{internalcoff.h}.
+
+
+ The Intel i960 processor version of coff is implemented in
+ @code{coff-i960.c}. This file has the same structure as
+ @code{coff-m88k.c}, except that it includes @code{coff-i960.h}
+ rather than @code{coff-m88k.h}.
+
+SUBSECTION
+ Porting To A New Version of Coff
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ The recommended method is to select from the existing
+ implimentations the version of coff which is most like the one
+ you want to use, for our purposes, we'll say that i386 coff is
+ the one you select, and that your coff flavour is called foo.
+ Copy the @code{i386coff.c} to @code{foocoff.c}, copy
+ @code{../include/i386coff.h} to @code{../include/foocoff.h}
+ and add the lines to @code{targets.c} and @code{Makefile.in}
+ so that your new back end is used. Alter the shapes of the
+ structures in @code{../include/foocoff.h} so that they match
+ what you need. You will probably also have to add
+ @code{#ifdef}s to the code in @code{internalcoff.h} and
+ @code{coffcode.h} if your version of coff is too wild.
+
+ You can verify that your new BFD backend works quite simply by
+ building @code{objdump} from the @code{binutils} directory,
+ and making sure that its version of what's going on at your
+ host systems idea (assuming it has the pretty standard coff
+ dump utility (usually called @code{att-dump} or just
+ @code{dump})) are the same. Then clean up your code, and send
+ what you've done to Cygnus. Then your stuff will be in the
+ next release, and you won't have to keep integrating it.
+
+SUBSECTION
+ How The Coff Backend Works
+
+SUBSUBSECTION
+ Bit Twiddling
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Each flavour of coff supported in BFD has its own header file
+ descibing the external layout of the structures. There is also
+ an internal description of the coff layout (in
+ @code{internalcoff.h}) file (@code{}). A major function of the
+ coff backend is swapping the bytes and twiddling the bits to
+ translate the external form of the structures into the normal
+ internal form. This is all performed in the
+ @code{bfd_swap}_@i{thing}_@i{direction} routines. Some
+ elements are different sizes between different versions of
+ coff, it is the duty of the coff version specific include file
+ to override the definitions of various packing routines in
+ @code{coffcode.h}. Eg the size of line number entry in coff is
+ sometimes 16 bits, and sometimes 32 bits. @code{#define}ing
+ @code{PUT_LNSZ_LNNO} and @code{GET_LNSZ_LNNO} will select the
+ correct one. No doubt, some day someone will find a version of
+ coff which has a varying field size not catered for at the
+ moment. To port BFD, that person will have to add more @code{#defines}.
+ Three of the bit twiddling routines are exported to
+ @code{gdb}; @code{coff_swap_aux_in}, @code{coff_swap_sym_in}
+ and @code{coff_swap_linno_in}. @code{GDB} reads the symbol
+ table on its own, but uses BFD to fix things up. More of the
+ bit twiddlers are exported for @code{gas};
+ @code{coff_swap_aux_out}, @code{coff_swap_sym_out},
+ @code{coff_swap_lineno_out}, @code{coff_swap_reloc_out},
+ @code{coff_swap_filehdr_out}, @code{coff_swap_aouthdr_out},
+ @code{coff_swap_scnhdr_out}. @code{Gas} currently keeps track
+ of all the symbol table and reloc drudgery itself, thereby
+ saving the internal BFD overhead, but uses BFD to swap things
+ on the way out, making cross ports much safer. This also
+ allows BFD (and thus the linker) to use the same header files
+ as @code{gas}, which makes one avenue to disaster disappear.
+
+SUBSUBSECTION
+ Symbol Reading
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ The simple canonical form for symbols used by BFD is not rich
+ enough to keep all the information available in a coff symbol
+ table. The back end gets around this by keeping the original
+ symbol table around, "behind the scenes".
+
+ When a symbol table is requested (through a call to
+ @code{bfd_canonicalize_symtab}, a request gets through to
+ @code{get_normalized_symtab}. This reads the symbol table from
+ the coff file and swaps all the structures inside into the
+ internal form. It also fixes up all the pointers in the table
+ (represented in the file by offsets from the first symbol in
+ the table) into physical pointers to elements in the new
+ internal table. This involves some work since the meanings of
+ fields changes depending upon context; a field that is a
+ pointer to another structure in the symbol table at one moment
+ may be the size in bytes of a structure in the next. Another
+ pass is made over the table. All symbols which mark file names
+ (@code{C_FILE} symbols) are modified so that the internal
+ string points to the value in the auxent (the real filename)
+ rather than the normal text associated with the symbol
+ (@code{".file"}).
+
+ At this time the symbol names are moved around. Coff stores
+ all symbols less than nine characters long physically
+ within the symbol table, longer strings are kept at the end of
+ the file in the string table. This pass moves all strings
+ into memory, and replaces them with pointers to the strings.
+
+
+ The symbol table is massaged once again, this time to create
+ the canonical table used by the BFD application. Each symbol
+ is inspected in turn, and a decision made (using the
+ @code{sclass} field) about the various flags to set in the
+ @code{asymbol} @xref{Symbols}. The generated canonical table
+ shares strings with the hidden internal symbol table.
+
+ Any linenumbers are read from the coff file too, and attached
+ to the symbols which own the functions the linenumbers belong to.
+
+SUBSUBSECTION
+ Symbol Writing
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Writing a symbol to a coff file which didn't come from a coff
+ file will lose any debugging information. The @code{asymbol}
+ structure remembers the BFD from which was born, and on output
+ the back end makes sure that the same destination target as
+ source target is present.
+
+ When the symbols have come from a coff file then all the
+ debugging information is preserved.
+
+ Symbol tables are provided for writing to the back end in a
+ vector of pointers to pointers. This allows applications like
+ the linker to accumulate and output large symbol tables
+ without having to do too much byte copying.
+
+
+
+ This function runs through the provided symbol table and
+ patches each symbol marked as a file place holder
+ (@code{C_FILE}) to point to the next file place holder in the
+ list. It also marks each @code{offset} field in the list with
+ the offset from the first symbol of the current symbol.
+
+ Another function of this procedure is to turn the canonical
+ value form of BFD into the form used by coff. Internally, BFD
+ expects symbol values to be offsets from a section base; so a
+ symbol physically at 0x120, but in a section starting at
+ 0x100, would have the value 0x20. Coff expects symbols to
+ contain their final value, so symbols have their values
+ changed at this point to reflect their sum with their owning
+ section. Note that this transformation uses the
+ <<output_section>> field of the @code{asymbol}'s
+ @code{asection} @xref{Sections}.
+
+ o coff_mangle_symbols
+ This routine runs though the provided symbol table and uses
+ the offsets generated by the previous pass and the pointers
+ generated when the symbol table was read in to create the
+ structured hierachy required by coff. It changes each pointer
+ to a symbol to an index into the symbol table of the symbol
+ being referenced.
+
+ o coff_write_symbols
+ This routine runs through the symbol table and patches up the
+ symbols from their internal form into the coff way, calls the
+ bit twiddlers and writes out the tabel to the file.
-The hidden information for an asymbol is:
+*/
-*+++
+/*
+INTERNAL
-$ typedef struct coff_ptr_struct
-$ {
-Remembers the offset from the first symbol in the file for this
-symbol. Generated by @code{coff_renumber_symbols}.
+ The hidden information for an asymbol is described in a
+ coff_ptr_struct, which is typedefed to a combined_entry_type
-$ unsigned int offset;
+ .typedef struct coff_ptr_struct
+ .{
-Should the tag field of this symbol be renumbered.
-Created by @code{coff_pointerize_aux}.
+ Remembers the offset from the first symbol in the file for
+ this symbol. Generated by @code{coff_renumber_symbols}.
-$ char fix_tag;
+ .unsigned int offset;
-Should the endidx field of this symbol be renumbered.
-Created by @code{coff_pointerize_aux}.
+ Should the tag field of this symbol be renumbered.
+ Created by @code{coff_pointerize_aux}.
-$ char fix_end;
+ .char fix_tag;
-The container for the symbol structure as read and translated from the file.
+ Should the endidx field of this symbol be renumbered.
+ Created by @code{coff_pointerize_aux}.
-$ union {
-$ union internal_auxent auxent;
-$ struct internal_syment syment;
-$ } u;
-$ } combined_entry_type;
-$
+ .char fix_end;
-*---
+ The container for the symbol structure as read and translated
+ from the file.
-Each canonical asymbol really looks like this:
+ .union {
+ . union internal_auxent auxent;
+ . struct internal_syment syment;
+ . } u;
+ .} combined_entry_type;
-*+++
+ Each canonical asymbol really looks like this:
-$ typedef struct coff_symbol_struct
-$ {
+ .typedef struct coff_symbol_struct
+ .{
-The actual symbol which the rest of BFD works with
+ The actual symbol which the rest of BFD works with
-$ asymbol symbol;
+ .asymbol symbol;
-A pointer to the hidden information for this symbol
+ A pointer to the hidden information for this symbol
-$ combined_entry_type *native;
+ .combined_entry_type *native;
-A pointer to the linenumber information for this symbol
+ A pointer to the linenumber information for this symbol
-$ struct lineno_cache_entry *lineno;
-$ } coff_symbol_type;
+ .struct lineno_cache_entry *lineno;
+ .} coff_symbol_type;
-*---
*/
@@ -1635,17 +1653,21 @@ DEFUN(coff_write_symbols,(abfd),
}
}
-/*doc*
-@subsubsection Writing Relocations
-To write a relocations, all the back end does is step though the
-canonical relocation table, and create an @code{internal_reloc}. The
-symbol index to use is removed from the @code{offset} field in the
-symbol table supplied, the address comes directly from the sum of the
-section base address and the relocation offset and the type is dug
-directly from the howto field.
-
-Then the @code{internal_reloc} is swapped into the shape of an
-@code{external_reloc} and written out to disk.
+/*
+SUBSUBSECTION
+ Writing Relocations
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ To write relocations, all the back end does is step though the
+ canonical relocation table, and create an
+ @code{internal_reloc}. The symbol index to use is removed from
+ the @code{offset} field in the symbol table supplied, the
+ address comes directly from the sum of the section base
+ address and the relocation offset and the type is dug directly
+ from the howto field. Then the @code{internal_reloc} is
+ swapped into the shape of an @code{external_reloc} and written
+ out to disk.
+
*/
static void
@@ -2693,21 +2715,25 @@ DEFUN(section_from_bfd_index,(abfd, index),
#ifndef NO_COFF_LINENOS
-/*doc*
-@subsubsection Reading Linenumbers
-Createing the linenumber table is done by reading in the entire coff
-linenumber table, and creating another table for internal use.
+/*
+SUBSUBSECTION
+ Reading Linenumbers
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Creating the linenumber table is done by reading in the entire
+ coff linenumber table, and creating another table for internal use.
-A coff line number table is structured so that each
-function is marked as having a line number of 0. Each line within the
-function is an offset from the first line in the function. The base of
-the line number information for the table is stored in the symbol
-associated with the function.
+ A coff line number table is structured so that each function
+ is marked as having a line number of 0. Each line within the
+ function is an offset from the first line in the function. The
+ base of the line number information for the table is stored in
+ the symbol associated with the function.
-The information is copied from the external to the internal table, and
-each symbol which marks a function is marked by pointing its...
+ The information is copied from the external to the internal
+ table, and each symbol which marks a function is marked by
+ pointing its...
-**How does this work ?**
+ How does this work ?
*/
@@ -3050,31 +3076,34 @@ sec_ptr asect;
return (asect->reloc_count + 1) * sizeof(arelent *);
}
-/*doc*
-@subsubsection Reading Relocations
-Coff relocations are easily transformed into the internal BFD form
-(@code{arelent}).
-
-Reading a coff relocation table is done in the following stages:
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-The entire coff relocation table is read into memory.
-@item
-Each relocation is processed in turn, first it is swapped from the
-external to the internal form.
-@item
-The symbol referenced in the relocation's symbol index is turned into
-a pointer into the canonical symbol table. Note that this table is the
-same as the one returned by a call to @code{bfd_canonicalize_symtab}.
-The back end will call the routine and save the result if a
-canonicalization hasn't been done.
-@item
-The reloc index is turned into a pointer to a howto structure, in a
-back end specific way. For instance, the 386 and 960 use the
-@code{r_type} to directly produce an index into a howto table vector;
-the 88k subtracts a number from the @code{r_type} field and creates an
-addend field.
-@end itemize
+/*
+SUBSUBSECTION
+ Reading Relocations
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Coff relocations are easily transformed into the internal BFD form
+ (@code{arelent}).
+
+ Reading a coff relocation table is done in the following stages:
+
+ o The entire coff relocation table is read into memory.
+
+ o Each relocation is processed in turn, first it is swapped from the
+ external to the internal form.
+
+ o The symbol referenced in the relocation's symbol index is
+ turned intoa pointer into the canonical symbol table. Note
+ that this table is the same as the one returned by a call to
+ @code{bfd_canonicalize_symtab}. The back end will call the
+ routine and save the result if a canonicalization hasn't been done.
+
+ o The reloc index is turned into a pointer to a howto
+ structure, in a back end specific way. For instance, the 386
+ and 960 use the @code{r_type} to directly produce an index
+ into a howto table vector; the 88k subtracts a number from the
+ @code{r_type} field and creates an addend field.
+
+
*/
#ifndef CALC_ADDEND