Read Ada main name from executable, not inferior

An upstream bug report points out this bug: if the user switches from
one Ada executable to another without "kill"ing the inferior, then the
"start" command will fail.

What happens here is that the Ada "main" name is found in a constant
string in the executable.  But, if the inferior is running, then the
process_stratum target reads from the inferior memory.

This patch fixes the problem by changing the main name code to set
trust-readonly-sections, causing the target stack to read from the
executable instead.

I looked briefly at changing GNAT to emit DW_AT_main_subprogram
instead, but this looks to be pretty involved.

Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=25811

6 files changed, 132 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/gdb/ada-lang.c b/gdb/ada-lang.c
index cc64e09..f6a623d 100644
--- a/gdb/ada-lang.c
+++ b/gdb/ada-lang.c
@@ -814,6 +814,13 @@ ada_main_name ()
       if (main_program_name_addr == 0)
 	error (_("Invalid address for Ada main program name."));
 
+      /* Force trust_readonly, because we always want to fetch this
+	 string from the executable, not from inferior memory.  If the
+	 user changes the exec-file and invokes "start", we want to
+	 pick the "main" from the new executable, not one that may
+	 come from the still-live inferior.  */
+      scoped_restore save_trust_readonly
+	= make_scoped_restore (&trust_readonly, true);
       main_program_name = target_read_string (main_program_name_addr, 1024);
       return main_program_name.get ();
     }
diff --git a/gdb/target.c b/gdb/target.c
index 05db7e7..68d7fe2 100644
--- a/gdb/target.c
+++ b/gdb/target.c
@@ -116,10 +116,9 @@ static struct target_ops *the_debug_target;
 
 static struct cmd_list_element *targetlist = NULL;
 
-/* True if we should trust readonly sections from the
-   executable when reading memory.  */
+/* See target.h.  */
 
-static bool trust_readonly = false;
+bool trust_readonly = false;
 
 /* Nonzero if we should show true memory content including
    memory breakpoint inserted by gdb.  */
diff --git a/gdb/target.h b/gdb/target.h
index 12851f2..aa07075 100644
--- a/gdb/target.h
+++ b/gdb/target.h
@@ -2477,6 +2477,10 @@ extern int remote_timeout;
 extern scoped_restore_tmpl<int>
     make_scoped_restore_show_memory_breakpoints (int show);
 
+/* True if we should trust readonly sections from the
+   executable when reading memory.  */
+extern bool trust_readonly;
+
 extern bool may_write_registers;
 extern bool may_write_memory;
 extern bool may_insert_breakpoints;
diff --git a/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart.exp b/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2c76b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Copyright 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+load_lib "ada.exp"
+
+require allow_ada_tests
+
+# This testcase verifies the behavior of the `start' command, which
+# does not work when we use the gdb stub...
+require !use_gdb_stub
+
+standard_ada_testfile first
+
+if {[gdb_compile_ada "${srcfile}" "${binfile}" executable {debug}] != ""} {
+    return -1
+}
+
+# Build the second test program
+set srcfile2 ${srcdir}/${subdir}/${testdir}/second.adb
+set binfile2 [standard_output_file second]
+
+if {[gdb_compile_ada "${srcfile2}" "${binfile2}" executable {debug}] != ""} {
+    return -1
+}
+
+foreach_with_prefix scenario {kill no-kill} {
+    clean_restart $binfile
+
+    # Start the program, we should land in the program main procedure
+    if {[gdb_start_cmd] < 0} {
+	fail start
+	return -1
+    }
+
+    gdb_test "" \
+	"first \\(\\) at .*first.adb.*" \
+	"start first"
+
+    gdb_test_no_output "set confirm off"
+
+    if {$scenario == "kill"} {
+	gdb_test "kill" "Inferior $decimal .*killed.*"
+    }
+
+    gdb_test "file $binfile2" "Reading symbols from .*" \
+	"switch to second executable"
+
+    # Start the program a second time, GDB should land in procedure
+    # Second this time.
+    if {[gdb_start_cmd] < 0} {
+	fail "start second"
+    } else {
+	gdb_test "" \
+	    "second \\(\\) at .*second.adb.*" \
+	    "start second"
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart/first.adb b/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart/first.adb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9be0835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart/first.adb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+--  Copyright 2005-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+--
+--  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+--  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+--  the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+--  (at your option) any later version.
+--
+--  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+--  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+--  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+--  GNU General Public License for more details.
+--
+--  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+--  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+procedure First is
+
+   procedure Break_Me is
+   begin
+      null;
+   end Break_Me;
+
+begin
+   Break_Me;
+end First;
diff --git a/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart/second.adb b/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart/second.adb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7270cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gdb/testsuite/gdb.ada/file-then-restart/second.adb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+--  Copyright 2005-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+--
+--  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+--  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+--  the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+--  (at your option) any later version.
+--
+--  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+--  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+--  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+--  GNU General Public License for more details.
+--
+--  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+--  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+procedure Second is
+
+   procedure Break_Me is
+   begin
+      null;
+   end Break_Me;
+
+begin
+   Break_Me;
+end Second;