libcpp: Implement C++23 P2334R1 - #elifdef/#elifndef

This patch implements C++23 P2334R1, which is easy because Joseph has done
all the hard work for C2X already.
Unlike the C N2645 paper, the C++ P2334R1 contains one important addition
(but not in the normative text):
"While this is a new preprocessor feature and cannot be treated as a defect
report, implementations that support older versions of the standard are
encouraged to implement this feature in the older language modes as well
as C++23."
so there are different variants how to implement it.
One is ignoring that sentence and only implementing it
for -std=c++23/-std=gnu++23 like it is only implemented for -std=c2x.
Another option would be to implement it also in the older GNU modes but
not in the C/CXX modes (but it would be strange if we did that just for
C++ and not for C).
Yet another option is to enable it unconditionally.
And yet another option would be to enable it unconditionally but emit
a warning (or pedwarn) when it is seen.
Note, when it is enabled for the older language modes, as Joseph wrote
in the c11-elifdef-1.c testcase, it can result e.g. in rejecting previously
valid code:
 #define A
 #undef B
 #if 0
 #elifdef A
 #error "#elifdef A applied"
 #endif
 #if 0
 #elifndef B
 #error "#elifndef B applied"
 #endif
Note, seems clang went the enable it unconditionally in all standard
versions of both C and C++, no warnings or anything whatsoever, so
essentially treated it as a DR that changed behavior of e.g. the above code.
After feedback, this option enables #elifdef/#elifndef for -std=c2x
and -std=c++2{b,3} and enables it also for -std=gnu*, but for GNU modes
older than C2X or C++23 if -pedantic it emits a pedwarn on the directives
that either would be rejected in the corresponding -std=c* modes, e.g.
  #if 1
  #elifdef A // pedwarn if -pedantic
  #endif
or when the directives would be silently accepted, but when they are
recognized it changes behavior, so e.g.
  #define A
  #if 0
  #elifdef A // pedwarn if -pedantic
  #define M 1
  #endif
It won't pedwarn if the directives would be silently ignored and wouldn't
change anything, like:
  #define A
  #if 0
  #elifndef A
  #define M 1
  #endif
or
  #undef B
  #if 0
  #elifdef B
  #define M 1
  #endif

2021-10-06  Jakub Jelinek  <jakub@redhat.com>

libcpp/
	* init.c (lang_defaults): Implement P2334R1, enable elifdef for
	-std=c++23 and -std=gnu++23.
	* directives.c (_cpp_handle_directive): Support elifdef/elifndef if
	either CPP_OPTION (pfile, elifdef) or !CPP_OPTION (pfile, std).
	(do_elif): For older non-std modes if pedantic pedwarn about
	#elifdef/#elifndef directives that change behavior.
gcc/testsuite/
	* gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-1.c: New test.
	* gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-2.c: New test.
	* gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-3.c: New test.
	* gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-4.c: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-1.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-2.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-3.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-4.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-5.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-6.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-7.C: New test.

11 files changed, 465 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-1.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-1.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7965e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-1.C
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// { dg-do preprocess { target { ! c++23 } } }
+
+#include "../../gcc.dg/cpp/c11-elifdef-1.c"
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-2.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-2.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6408271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-2.C
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// P2334R1
+// { dg-do preprocess { target c++23 } }
+
+#include "../../gcc.dg/cpp/c2x-elifdef-1.c"
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-3.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-3.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9acce0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-3.C
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// P2334R1
+// { dg-do preprocess { target c++23 } }
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#elifdef A // { dg-error "#elifdef without #if" }
+#elifdef B // { dg-error "#elifdef without #if" }
+#elifndef A // { dg-error "#elifndef without #if" }
+#elifndef B // { dg-error "#elifndef without #if" }
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifdef A // { dg-error "#elifdef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifdef B // { dg-error "#elifdef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifndef A // { dg-error "#elifndef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifndef B // { dg-error "#elifndef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A = // { dg-error "extra tokens at end of #elifdef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B = // { dg-error "extra tokens at end of #elifdef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A = // { dg-error "extra tokens at end of #elifndef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B = // { dg-error "extra tokens at end of #elifndef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef // { dg-error "no macro name given in #elifdef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef // { dg-error "no macro name given in #elifndef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef , // { dg-error "macro names must be identifiers" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef , // { dg-error "macro names must be identifiers" }
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-4.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-4.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08edf58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-4.C
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// P2334R1
+// { dg-do preprocess }
+// { dg-options "" }
+
+#include "../../gcc.dg/cpp/c2x-elifdef-1.c"
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-5.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-5.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7d4007
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-5.C
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// P2334R1
+// { dg-do preprocess }
+// { dg-options "" }
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#elifdef A // { dg-error "#elifdef without #if" }
+#elifdef B // { dg-error "#elifdef without #if" }
+#elifndef A // { dg-error "#elifndef without #if" }
+#elifndef B // { dg-error "#elifndef without #if" }
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifdef A // { dg-error "#elifdef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifdef B // { dg-error "#elifdef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifndef A // { dg-error "#elifndef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 1 // { dg-error "-:began here" }
+#else
+#elifndef B // { dg-error "#elifndef after #else" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A = // { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifdef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B = // { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifdef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A = // { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifndef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B = // { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifndef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef // { dg-error "no macro name given in #elifdef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef // { dg-error "no macro name given in #elifndef directive" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef , // { dg-error "macro names must be identifiers" }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef , // { dg-error "macro names must be identifiers" }
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-6.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-6.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94d2118
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-6.C
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// P2334R1
+// { dg-do preprocess }
+// { dg-options "-pedantic" }
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	// { dg-warning "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#define M1 1
+#endif
+
+#if M1 != 1
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B
+#error "#elifdef B applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A
+#error "#elifndef A applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	// { dg-warning "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#define M2 2
+#endif
+
+#if M2 != 2
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	// { dg-warning "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#else
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	// { dg-warning "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#else
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef A	// { dg-warning "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef B	// { dg-warning "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
+
+// As with #elif, the syntax of the new directives is relaxed after a
+   non-skipped group. 
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef x * y	// { dg-warning "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef !	// { dg-warning "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-7.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-7.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb9b8ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp/elifdef-7.C
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// P2334R1
+// { dg-do preprocess }
+// { dg-options "-pedantic-errors" }
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	// { dg-error "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#define M1 1
+#endif
+
+#if M1 != 1
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B
+#error "#elifdef B applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A
+#error "#elifndef A applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	// { dg-error "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#define M2 2
+#endif
+
+#if M2 != 2
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	// { dg-error "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#else
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	// { dg-error "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#else
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef A	// { dg-error "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef B	// { dg-error "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
+
+// As with #elif, the syntax of the new directives is relaxed after a
+   non-skipped group. 
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef x * y	// { dg-error "#elifdef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef !	// { dg-error "#elifndef before C\\\+\\\+23 is a GCC extension" "" { target c++20_down } }
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-1.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efcfbc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/* Test #elifdef and #elifndef in GNU11.  */
+/* { dg-do preprocess } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu11" } */
+
+#include "c2x-elifdef-1.c"
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-2.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5bd705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/* Test #elifdef and #elifndef in GNU11: erroneous usages.  */
+/* { dg-do preprocess } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu11" } */
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#elifdef A /* { dg-error "#elifdef without #if" } */
+#elifdef B /* { dg-error "#elifdef without #if" } */
+#elifndef A /* { dg-error "#elifndef without #if" } */
+#elifndef B /* { dg-error "#elifndef without #if" } */
+
+#if 1 /* { dg-error "-:began here" } */
+#else
+#elifdef A /* { dg-error "#elifdef after #else" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1 /* { dg-error "-:began here" } */
+#else
+#elifdef B /* { dg-error "#elifdef after #else" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1 /* { dg-error "-:began here" } */
+#else
+#elifndef A /* { dg-error "#elifndef after #else" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1 /* { dg-error "-:began here" } */
+#else
+#elifndef B /* { dg-error "#elifndef after #else" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A = /* { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifdef directive" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B = /* { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifdef directive" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A = /* { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifndef directive" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B = /* { dg-warning "extra tokens at end of #elifndef directive" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef /* { dg-error "no macro name given in #elifdef directive" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef /* { dg-error "no macro name given in #elifndef directive" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef , /* { dg-error "macro names must be identifiers" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef , /* { dg-error "macro names must be identifiers" } */
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-3.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b769a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/* Test #elifdef and #elifndef in GNU11.  */
+/* { dg-do preprocess } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu11 -pedantic" } */
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	/* { dg-warning "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#define M1 1
+#endif
+
+#if M1 != 1
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B
+#error "#elifdef B applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A
+#error "#elifndef A applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	/* { dg-warning "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#define M2 2
+#endif
+
+#if M2 != 2
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	/* { dg-warning "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#else
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	/* { dg-warning "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#else
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef A	/* { dg-warning "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef B	/* { dg-warning "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
+
+/* As with #elif, the syntax of the new directives is relaxed after a
+   non-skipped group.  */
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef x * y	/* { dg-warning "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef !	/* { dg-warning "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-4.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-4.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aba3467
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/cpp/gnu11-elifdef-4.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/* Test #elifdef and #elifndef in GNU11.  */
+/* { dg-do preprocess } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu11 -pedantic-errors" } */
+
+#define A
+#undef B
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	/* { dg-error "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#define M1 1
+#endif
+
+#if M1 != 1
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef B
+#error "#elifdef B applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef A
+#error "#elifndef A applied"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	/* { dg-error "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#define M2 2
+#endif
+
+#if M2 != 2
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifdef A	/* { dg-error "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#else
+#error "#elifdef A did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#elifndef B	/* { dg-error "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#else
+#error "#elifndef B did not apply"
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef A	/* { dg-error "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef B	/* { dg-error "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
+
+/* As with #elif, the syntax of the new directives is relaxed after a
+   non-skipped group.  */
+
+#if 1
+#elifdef x * y	/* { dg-error "#elifdef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#elifndef !	/* { dg-error "#elifndef before C2X is a GCC extension" } */
+#endif