libcpp: Named universal character escapes and delimited escape sequence tweaks

On Tue, Aug 30, 2022 at 09:10:37PM +0000, Joseph Myers wrote:
> I'm seeing build failures of glibc for powerpc64, as illustrated by the
> following C code:
>
> #if 0
> \NARG
> #endif
>
> (the actual sysdeps/powerpc/powerpc64/sysdep.h code is inside #ifdef
> __ASSEMBLER__).
>
> This shows some problems with this feature - and with delimited escape
> sequences - as it affects C.  It's fine to accept it as an extension
> inside string and character literals, because \N or \u{...} would be
> invalid in the absence of the feature (i.e. the syntax for such literals
> fails to match, meaning that the rule about undefined behavior for a
> single ' or " as a pp-token applies).  But outside string and character
> literals, the usual lexing rules apply, the \ is a pp-token on its own and
> the code is valid at the preprocessing level, and with expansion of macros
> appearing before or after the \ (e.g. u defined as a macro in the \u{...}
> case) it may be valid code at the language level as well.  I don't know
> what older C++ versions say about this, but for C this means e.g.
>
> #define z(x) 0
> #define a z(
> int x = a\NARG);
>
> needs to be accepted as expanding to "int x = 0;", not interpreted as
> using the \N feature in an identifier and produce an error.

The following patch changes this, so that:
1) outside of string/character literals, \N without following { is never
   treated as an error nor warning, it is silently treated as \ separate
   token followed by whatever is after it
2) \u{123} and \N{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE} are not handled as
   extension at all outside of string/character literals in the strict
   standard modes (-std=c*) except for -std=c++{23,2b}, only in the
   -std=gnu* modes, because it changes behavior on valid sources, e.g.
   #define z(x) 0
   #define a z(
   int x = a\u{123});
   int y = a\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE});
3) introduces -Wunicode warning (on by default) and warns for cases
   of what looks like invalid delimited escape sequence or named
   universal character escape outside of string/character literals
   and is treated as separate tokens

2022-09-07  Jakub Jelinek  <jakub@redhat.com>

libcpp/
	* include/cpplib.h (struct cpp_options): Add cpp_warn_unicode member.
	(enum cpp_warning_reason): Add CPP_W_UNICODE.
	* init.cc (cpp_create_reader): Initialize cpp_warn_unicode.
	* charset.cc (_cpp_valid_ucn): In possible identifier contexts, don't
	handle \u{ or \N{ specially in -std=c* modes except -std=c++2{3,b}.
	In possible identifier contexts, don't emit an error and punt
	if \N isn't followed by {, or if \N{} surrounds some lower case
	letters or _.  In possible identifier contexts when not C++23, don't
	emit an error but warning about unknown character names and treat as
	separate tokens.  When treating as separate tokens \u{ or \N{, emit
	warnings.
gcc/
	* doc/invoke.texi (-Wno-unicode): Document.
gcc/c-family/
	* c.opt (Winvalid-utf8): Use ObjC instead of objC.  Remove
	" in comments" from description.
	(Wunicode): New option.
gcc/testsuite/
	* c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-4.c: New test.
	* c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-5.c: New test.
	* c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-6.c: New test.
	* c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-7.c: New test.
	* c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-5.c: New test.
	* c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-6.c: New test.
	* c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-7.c: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape1.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape2.C: New test.

11 files changed, 150 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/gcc/c-family/c.opt b/gcc/c-family/c.opt
index 4515664..1c7f89e 100644
--- a/gcc/c-family/c.opt
+++ b/gcc/c-family/c.opt
@@ -822,8 +822,8 @@ C ObjC C++ ObjC++ CPP(warn_invalid_pch) CppReason(CPP_W_INVALID_PCH) Var(cpp_war
 Warn about PCH files that are found but not used.
 
 Winvalid-utf8
-C objC C++ ObjC++ CPP(cpp_warn_invalid_utf8) CppReason(CPP_W_INVALID_UTF8) Var(warn_invalid_utf8) Init(0) Warning
-Warn about invalid UTF-8 characters in comments.
+C ObjC C++ ObjC++ CPP(cpp_warn_invalid_utf8) CppReason(CPP_W_INVALID_UTF8) Var(warn_invalid_utf8) Init(0) Warning
+Warn about invalid UTF-8 characters.
 
 Wjump-misses-init
 C ObjC Var(warn_jump_misses_init) Warning LangEnabledby(C ObjC,Wc++-compat)
@@ -1345,6 +1345,10 @@ Wundef
 C ObjC C++ ObjC++ CPP(warn_undef) CppReason(CPP_W_UNDEF) Var(cpp_warn_undef) Init(0) Warning
 Warn if an undefined macro is used in an #if directive.
 
+Wunicode
+C ObjC C++ ObjC++ CPP(cpp_warn_unicode) CppReason(CPP_W_UNICODE) Var(warn_unicode) Init(1) Warning
+Warn about invalid forms of delimited or named escape sequences.
+
 Wuninitialized
 C ObjC C++ ObjC++ LTO LangEnabledBy(C ObjC C++ ObjC++ LTO,Wall)
 ;
diff --git a/gcc/doc/invoke.texi b/gcc/doc/invoke.texi
index 9d662e3..cc631df 100644
--- a/gcc/doc/invoke.texi
+++ b/gcc/doc/invoke.texi
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ Objective-C and Objective-C++ Dialects}.
 -Winfinite-recursion @gol
 -Winit-self  -Winline  -Wno-int-conversion  -Wint-in-bool-context @gol
 -Wno-int-to-pointer-cast  -Wno-invalid-memory-model @gol
--Winvalid-pch  -Winvalid-utf8 -Wjump-misses-init  @gol
+-Winvalid-pch  -Winvalid-utf8  -Wno-unicode  -Wjump-misses-init  @gol
 -Wlarger-than=@var{byte-size}  -Wlogical-not-parentheses  -Wlogical-op  @gol
 -Wlong-long  -Wno-lto-type-mismatch -Wmain  -Wmaybe-uninitialized @gol
 -Wmemset-elt-size  -Wmemset-transposed-args @gol
@@ -9578,6 +9578,12 @@ Warn if an invalid UTF-8 character is found.
 This warning is on by default for C++23 if @option{-finput-charset=UTF-8}
 is used and turned into error with @option{-pedantic-errors}.
 
+@item -Wno-unicode
+@opindex Wunicode
+@opindex Wno-unicode
+Don't diagnose invalid forms of delimited or named escape sequences which are
+treated as separate tokens.  @option{Wunicode} is enabled by default.
+
 @item -Wlong-long
 @opindex Wlong-long
 @opindex Wno-long-long
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-4.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-4.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..107051f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-4.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* P2290R3 - Delimited escape sequences */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu99 -Wno-c++-compat" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu++20" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\u{});		/* { dg-warning "empty delimited escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int c = a\u{);		/* { dg-warning "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int d = a\u{12XYZ});	/* { dg-warning "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{12; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int e = a\u123);
+int f = a\U1234567);
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-5.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-5.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e04f519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-5.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* P2290R3 - Delimited escape sequences */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c17 -Wno-c++-compat" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c++23" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\u{});		/* { dg-warning "empty delimited escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } } */
+int c = a\u{);		/* { dg-warning "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } } */
+int d = a\u{12XYZ});	/* { dg-warning "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{12; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } } */
+int e = a\u123);
+int f = a\U1234567);
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-6.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-6.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2a4e93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-6.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* P2290R3 - Delimited escape sequences */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu99 -Wno-c++-compat -Wno-unicode" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu++20 -Wno-unicode" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\u{});		/* { dg-bogus "empty delimited escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int c = a\u{);		/* { dg-bogus "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int d = a\u{12XYZ});	/* { dg-bogus "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{12; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int e = a\u123);
+int f = a\U1234567);
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-7.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-7.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2f0da4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/delimited-escape-seq-7.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* P2290R3 - Delimited escape sequences */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c17 -Wno-c++-compat -Wno-unicode" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c++23 -Wno-unicode" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\u{});		/* { dg-bogus "empty delimited escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int c = a\u{);		/* { dg-bogus "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int d = a\u{12XYZ});	/* { dg-bogus "'\\\\u\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\u\\\{12; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int e = a\u123);
+int f = a\U1234567);
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-5.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-5.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1c53c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-5.c
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* P2071R2 - Named universal character escapes */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu99 -Wno-c++-compat" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu++20" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\N{});				/* { dg-warning "empty named universal character escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int c = a\N{);				/* { dg-warning "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int d = a\N);
+int e = a\NARG);
+int f = a\N{abc});				/* { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{abc\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int g = a\N{ABC.123});				/* { dg-warning "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{ABC; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int h = a\N{NON-EXISTENT CHAR});	/* { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{NON-EXISTENT CHAR\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int i = a\N{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute});	/* { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+					/* { dg-message "did you mean \\\\N\\\{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE\\\}\\?" "" { target *-*-* } .-1 } */
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-6.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-6.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6a5a10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-6.c
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* P2071R2 - Named universal character escapes */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c17 -Wno-c++-compat" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c++20" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\N{});
+int c = a\N{);
+int d = a\N);
+int e = a\NARG);
+int f = a\N{abc});
+int g = a\N{ABC.123});
+int h = a\N{NON-EXISTENT CHAR});	/* { dg-bogus "is not a valid universal character" } */
+int i = a\N{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute});
+int j = a\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE});
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-7.c b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-7.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6142bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/cpp/named-universal-char-escape-7.c
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* P2071R2 - Named universal character escapes */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-require-effective-target wchar } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu99 -Wno-c++-compat -Wno-unicode" { target c } } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=gnu++20 -Wno-unicode" { target c++ } } */
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\N{});				/* { dg-bogus "empty named universal character escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int c = a\N{);				/* { dg-bogus "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int d = a\N);
+int e = a\NARG);
+int f = a\N{abc});				/* { dg-bogus "\\\\N\\\{abc\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int g = a\N{ABC.123});				/* { dg-bogus "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{ABC; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int h = a\N{NON-EXISTENT CHAR});	/* { dg-bogus "\\\\N\\\{NON-EXISTENT CHAR\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+int i = a\N{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute});	/* { dg-bogus "\\\\N\\\{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" } */
+					/* { dg-bogus "did you mean \\\\N\\\{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE\\\}\\?" "" { target *-*-* } .-1 } */
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape1.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape1.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe49482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape1.C
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// P2071R2 - Named universal character escapes
+// { dg-do compile }
+// { dg-require-effective-target wchar }
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\N{});				// { dg-warning "empty named universal character escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } }
+int c = a\N{);				// { dg-warning "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } }
+int d = a\N);
+int e = a\NARG);
+int f = a\N{abc});			// { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{abc\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } }
+int g = a\N{ABC.123});			// { dg-warning "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{ABC; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } }
+int h = a\N{NON-EXISTENT CHAR});	// { dg-error "is not a valid universal character" "" { target c++23 } }
+					// { dg-error "was not declared in this scope" "" { target c++23 } .-1 }
+int i = a\N{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute});	// { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++23 } }
+					// { dg-message "did you mean \\\\N\\\{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE\\\}\\?" "" { target c++23 } .-1 }
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape2.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape2.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8699e09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/named-universal-char-escape2.C
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// P2071R2 - Named universal character escapes
+// { dg-do compile }
+// { dg-require-effective-target wchar }
+// { dg-options "" }
+
+#define z(x) 0
+#define a z(
+int b = a\N{});				// { dg-warning "empty named universal character escape sequence; treating it as separate tokens" }
+int c = a\N{);				// { dg-warning "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{; treating it as separate tokens" }
+int d = a\N);
+int e = a\NARG);
+int f = a\N{abc});			// { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{abc\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" }
+int g = a\N{ABC.123});			// { dg-warning "'\\\\N\\\{' not terminated with '\\\}' after \\\\N\\\{ABC; treating it as separate tokens" }
+int h = a\N{NON-EXISTENT CHAR});	// { dg-error "is not a valid universal character" "" { target c++23 } }
+					// { dg-error "was not declared in this scope" "" { target c++23 } .-1 }
+					// { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{NON-EXISTENT CHAR\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" "" { target c++20_down } .-2 }
+int i = a\N{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute});	// { dg-warning "\\\\N\\\{Latin_Small_Letter_A_With_Acute\\\} is not a valid universal character; treating it as separate tokens" }
+					// { dg-message "did you mean \\\\N\\\{LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE\\\}\\?" "" { target *-*-* } .-1 }