Add a new option -fstrict-flex-arrays[=n] and new attribute strict_flex_array

Add the following new option -fstrict-flex-arrays[=n] and a corresponding
attribute strict_flex_array to GCC:

'-fstrict-flex-arrays'
     Control when to treat the trailing array of a structure as a flexible array
     member for the purpose of accessing the elements of such an array.
     The positive form is equivalent to '-fstrict-flex-arrays=3', which is the
     strictest.  A trailing array is treated as a flexible array member only when
     it declared as a flexible array member per C99 standard onwards.
     The negative form is equivalent to '-fstrict-flex-arrays=0', which is the
     least strict.  All trailing arrays of structures are treated as flexible
     array members.

'-fstrict-flex-arrays=LEVEL'
     Control when to treat the trailing array of a structure as a flexible array
     member for the purpose of accessing the elements of such an array.  The value
     of LEVEL controls the level of strictness

     The possible values of LEVEL are the same as for the
     'strict_flex_array' attribute (*note Variable Attributes::).

     You can control this behavior for a specific trailing array field
     of a structure by using the variable attribute 'strict_flex_array'
     attribute (*note Variable Attributes::).

'strict_flex_array (LEVEL)'
     The 'strict_flex_array' attribute should be attached to the trailing
     array field of a structure. It controls when to treat the trailing array
     field of a structure as a flexible array member for the purposes of accessing
     the elements of such an array. LEVEL must be an integer betwen 0 to 3.

     LEVEL=0 is the least strict level, all trailing arrays of
     structures are treated as flexible array members.  LEVEL=3 is the
     strictest level, only when the trailing array is declared as a
     flexible array member per C99 standard onwards ('[]'), it is
     treated as a flexible array member.

     There are two more levels in between 0 and 3, which are provided to
     support older codes that use GCC zero-length array extension
     ('[0]') or one-element array as flexible array members('[1]'): When
     LEVEL is 1, the trailing array is treated as a flexible array member
     when it is declared as either '[]', '[0]', or '[1]'; When
     LEVEL is 2, the trailing array is treated as a flexible array member
     when it is declared as either '[]', or '[0]'.

     This attribute can be used with or without the
     '-fstrict-flex-arrays'.  When both the attribute and the option
     present at the same time, the level of the strictness for the
     specific trailing array field is determined by the attribute.

gcc/c-family/ChangeLog:

	* c-attribs.cc (handle_strict_flex_array_attribute): New function.
	(c_common_attribute_table): New item for strict_flex_array.
	* c.opt: (fstrict-flex-arrays): New option.
	(fstrict-flex-arrays=): New option.

gcc/c/ChangeLog:

	* c-decl.cc (flexible_array_member_type_p): New function.
	(one_element_array_type_p): Likewise.
	(zero_length_array_type_p): Likewise.
	(add_flexible_array_elts_to_size): Call new utility
	routine flexible_array_member_type_p.
	(is_flexible_array_member_p): New function.
	(finish_struct): Set the new DECL_NOT_FLEXARRAY flag.

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

	* module.cc (trees_out::core_bools): Stream out new bit
	decl_not_flexarray.
	(trees_in::core_bools): Stream in new bit decl_not_flexarray.

gcc/ChangeLog:

	* doc/extend.texi: Document strict_flex_array attribute.
	* doc/invoke.texi: Document -fstrict-flex-arrays[=n] option.
	* print-tree.cc (print_node): Print new bit decl_not_flexarray.
	* tree-core.h (struct tree_decl_common): New bit field
	decl_not_flexarray.
	* tree-streamer-in.cc (unpack_ts_decl_common_value_fields): Stream
	in new bit decl_not_flexarray.
	* tree-streamer-out.cc (pack_ts_decl_common_value_fields): Stream
	out new bit decl_not_flexarray.
	* tree.cc (array_at_struct_end_p): Update it with the new bit field
	decl_not_flexarray.
	* tree.h (DECL_NOT_FLEXARRAY): New flag.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* g++.dg/strict-flex-array-1.C: New test.
	* gcc.dg/strict-flex-array-1.c: New test.

2 files changed, 53 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/gcc/doc/extend.texi b/gcc/doc/extend.texi
index 9ddfcf7..cfbe32a 100644
--- a/gcc/doc/extend.texi
+++ b/gcc/doc/extend.texi
@@ -7459,6 +7459,32 @@ This warning can be disabled by @option{-Wno-if-not-aligned}.
 The @code{warn_if_not_aligned} attribute can also be used for types
 (@pxref{Common Type Attributes}.)
 
+@cindex @code{strict_flex_array} variable attribute
+@item strict_flex_array (@var{level})
+The @code{strict_flex_array} attribute should be attached to the trailing
+array field of a structure.  It controls when to treat the trailing array
+field of a structure as a flexible array member for the purposes of accessing
+the elements of such an array.
+@var{level} must be an integer betwen 0 to 3.
+
+@var{level}=0 is the least strict level, all trailing arrays of structures
+are treated as flexible array members. @var{level}=3 is the strictest level,
+only when the trailing array is declared as a flexible array member per C99
+standard onwards (@samp{[]}), it is treated as a flexible array member.
+
+There are two more levels in between 0 and 3, which are provided to support
+older codes that use GCC zero-length array extension (@samp{[0]}) or one-element
+array as flexible array members (@samp{[1]}):
+When @var{level} is 1, the trailing array is treated as a flexible array member
+when it is declared as either @samp{[]}, @samp{[0]}, or @samp{[1]};
+When @var{level} is 2, the trailing array is treated as a flexible array member
+when it is declared as either @samp{[]}, or @samp{[0]}.
+
+This attribute can be used with or without the @option{-fstrict-flex-arrays}.
+When both the attribute and the option present at the same time, the level of
+the strictness for the specific trailing array field is determined by the
+attribute.
+
 @item alloc_size (@var{position})
 @itemx alloc_size (@var{position-1}, @var{position-2})
 @cindex @code{alloc_size} variable attribute
diff --git a/gcc/doc/invoke.texi b/gcc/doc/invoke.texi
index a2b0b96..1eeaec1 100644
--- a/gcc/doc/invoke.texi
+++ b/gcc/doc/invoke.texi
@@ -207,7 +207,8 @@ in the following sections.
 -fopenmp  -fopenmp-simd @gol
 -fpermitted-flt-eval-methods=@var{standard} @gol
 -fplan9-extensions  -fsigned-bitfields  -funsigned-bitfields @gol
--fsigned-char  -funsigned-char  -fsso-struct=@var{endianness}}
+-fsigned-char  -funsigned-char -fstrict-flex-arrays[=@var{n}] @gol
+-fsso-struct=@var{endianness}}
 
 @item C++ Language Options
 @xref{C++ Dialect Options,,Options Controlling C++ Dialect}.
@@ -2835,6 +2836,31 @@ The type @code{char} is always a distinct type from each of
 @code{signed char} or @code{unsigned char}, even though its behavior
 is always just like one of those two.
 
+@item -fstrict-flex-arrays
+@opindex fstrict-flex-arrays
+@opindex fno-strict-flex-arrays
+Control when to treat the trailing array of a structure as a flexible array
+member for the purpose of accessing the elements of such an array.
+The positive form is equivalent to @option{-fstrict-flex-arrays=3}, which is the
+strictest.  A trailing array is treated as a flexible array member only when it
+is declared as a flexible array member per C99 standard onwards.
+The negative form is equivalent to @option{-fstrict-flex-arrays=0}, which is the
+least strict.  All trailing arrays of structures are treated as flexible array
+members.
+
+@item -fstrict-flex-arrays=@var{level}
+@opindex fstrict-flex-arrays=@var{level}
+Control when to treat the trailing array of a structure as a flexible array
+member for the purpose of accessing the elements of such an array.  The value
+of @var{level} controls the level of strictness.
+
+The possible values of @var{level} are the same as for the
+@code{strict_flex_array} attribute (@pxref{Variable Attributes}).
+
+You can control this behavior for a specific trailing array field of a
+structure by using the variable attribute @code{strict_flex_array} attribute
+(@pxref{Variable Attributes}).
+
 @item -fsso-struct=@var{endianness}
 @opindex fsso-struct
 Set the default scalar storage order of structures and unions to the