OpenMP: Fortran "!$omp declare mapper" support

This patch implements "omp declare mapper" functionality for Fortran,
following the equivalent support for C and C++.  This version of the
patch has been merged to og13 and contains various fixes for e.g.:

  * Mappers with deferred-length strings

  * Array descriptors not being appropriately transferred
    to the offload target (see "OMP_MAP_POINTER_ONLY" and
    gimplify.cc:omp_maybe_get_descriptor_from_ptr).

2023-06-30  Julian Brown  <julian@codesourcery.com>

gcc/fortran/
	* dump-parse-tree.cc (show_attr): Show omp_udm_artificial_var flag.
	(show_omp_namelist): Support OMP_MAP_POINTER_ONLY and OMP_MAP_UNSET.
	* f95-lang.cc (LANG_HOOKS_OMP_FINISH_MAPPER_CLAUSES,
	LANG_HOOKS_OMP_EXTRACT_MAPPER_DIRECTIVE,
	LANG_HOOKS_OMP_MAP_ARRAY_SECTION): Define language hooks.
	* gfortran.h (gfc_statement): Add ST_OMP_DECLARE_MAPPER.
	(symbol_attribute): Add omp_udm_artificial_var attribute.
	(gfc_omp_map_op): Add OMP_MAP_POINTER_ONLY and OMP_MAP_UNSET.
	(gfc_omp_namelist): Add udm pointer to u2 union.
	(gfc_omp_udm): New struct.
	(gfc_omp_namelist_udm): New struct.
	(gfc_symtree): Add omp_udm pointer.
	(gfc_namespace): Add omp_udm_root symtree. Add omp_udm_ns flag.
	(gfc_free_omp_namelist): Update prototype.
	(gfc_free_omp_udm, gfc_omp_udm_find, gfc_find_omp_udm,
	gfc_resolve_omp_udms): Add prototypes.
	* match.cc (gfc_free_omp_namelist): Change FREE_NS and FREE_ALIGN
	parameters to LIST number, to handle freeing user-defined mapper
	namelists safely.
	* match.h (gfc_match_omp_declare_mapper): Add prototype.
	* module.cc (ab_attribute): Add AB_OMP_DECLARE_MAPPER_VAR.
	(attr_bits): Add OMP_DECLARE_MAPPER_VAR.
	(mio_symbol_attribute): Read/write AB_OMP_DECLARE_MAPPER_VAR attribute.
	Set referenced attr on read.
	(omp_map_clause_ops, omp_map_cardinality): New arrays.
	(load_omp_udms, check_omp_declare_mappers): New functions.
	(read_module): Load and check OMP declare mappers.
	(write_omp_udm, write_omp_udms): New functions.
	(write_module): Write OMP declare mappers.
	* openmp.cc (gfc_free_omp_clauses, gfc_match_omp_variable_list,
	gfc_match_omp_to_link, gfc_match_omp_depend_sink,
	gfc_match_omp_clause_reduction): Update calls to gfc_free_omp_namelist.
	(gfc_free_omp_udm, gfc_find_omp_udm, gfc_omp_udm_find,
	gfc_match_omp_declare_mapper): New functions.
	(gfc_match_omp_clauses): Add DEFAULT_MAP_OP parameter. Update calls to
	gfc_free_omp_namelist.  Add declare mapper support.
	(resolve_omp_clauses): Add declare mapper support.  Update calls to
	gfc_free_omp_namelist.
	(gfc_resolve_omp_udm, gfc_resolve_omp_udms): New functions.
	* parse.cc (decode_omp_directive): Add declare mapper support.
	(case_omp_decl): Add ST_OMP_DECLARE_MAPPER case.
	(gfc_ascii_statement): Add ST_OMP_DECLARE_MAPPER case.
	* resolve.cc (resolve_types): Call gfc_resolve_omp_udms.
	* st.cc (gfc_free_statement): Update call to gfc_free_omp_namelist.
	* symbol.cc (free_omp_udm_tree): New function.
	(gfc_free_namespace): Call above.
	* trans-decl.cc (omp_declare_mapper_ns): New global.
	(gfc_finish_var_decl, gfc_generate_function_code): Support declare
	mappers.
	(gfc_trans_deferred_vars): Ignore artificial declare-mapper vars.
	* trans-openmp.cc (tree-iterator.h): Include.
	(toc_directive): New enum.
	(gfc_trans_omp_array_section): Change OP and OPENMP parameters to
	toc_directive CD ('clause directive').
	(gfc_omp_finish_mapper_clauses, gfc_omp_extract_mapper_directive,
	gfc_omp_map_array_section): New functions.
	(omp_clause_directive): New enum.
	(gfc_trans_omp_clauses): Remove DECLARE_SIMD and OPENACC parameters.
	Replace with toc_directive CD, defaulting to TOC_OPENMP.  Add declare
	mapper support and OMP_MAP_POINTER_ONLY support.
	(gfc_trans_omp_construct, gfc_trans_oacc_executable_directive,
	gfc_trans_oacc_combined_directive): Update calls to
	gfc_trans_omp_clauses.
	(gfc_subst_replace, gfc_subst_prepend_ref): New variables.
	(gfc_subst_in_expr_1, gfc_subst_in_expr, gfc_subst_mapper_var,
	gfc_trans_omp_instantiate_mapper, gfc_trans_omp_instantiate_mappers,
	gfc_record_mapper_bindings_code_fn, gfc_record_mapper_bindings_expr_fn,
	gfc_find_nested_mappers, gfc_record_mapper_bindings): New functions.
	(gfc_typespec * hash traits): New template.
	(omp_declare_mapper_ns): Extern declaration.
	(gfc_trans_omp_target): Call gfc_trans_omp_instantiate_mappers and
	gfc_record_mapper_bindings. Update calls to gfc_trans_omp_clauses.
	(gfc_trans_omp_declare_simd, gfc_trans_omp_declare_variant): Update
	calls to gfc_trans_omp_clauses.
	(gfc_trans_omp_mapper_name, gfc_trans_omp_declare_mapper,
	gfc_trans_omp_declare_mappers): New functions.
	* trans-stmt.h (gfc_trans_omp_declare_mappers): Add prototype.
	* trans.h (gfc_omp_finish_mapper_clauses,
	gfc_omp_extract_mapper_directive, gfc_omp_map_array_section): Add
	prototypes.

gcc/
	* gimplify.cc (dwarf2out.h): Include.
	(omp_maybe_get_descriptor_from_ptr): New function.
	(build_omp_struct_comp_nodes): Use above function to locate array
	descriptor when necessary.
	(omp_mapping_group_data, omp_mapping_group_ptr,
	omp_mapping_group_pset): New functions.
	(omp_instantiate_mapper): Handle inlining of "declare mapper" function
	bodies containing setup code (e.g. for Fortran).  Handle pointers to
	derived types.  Handle GOMP_MAP_MAPPING_GROUPs.
	* tree-pretty-print.cc (dump_omp_clause): Handle
	GOMP_MAP_MAPPING_GROUP.

include/
	* gomp-constants.h (gomp_map_kind): Add GOMP_MAP_MAPPING_GROUP.

gcc/testsuite/
	* gfortran.dg/gomp/declare-mapper-1.f90: New test.
	* gfortran.dg/gomp/declare-mapper-5.f90: New test.
	* gfortran.dg/gomp/declare-mapper-14.f90: New test.

libgomp/
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-2.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-3.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-4.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-6.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-7.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-8.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-9.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-10.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-11.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-12.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-13.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-15.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-17.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-18.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-19.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-20.f90: New test.
	* testsuite/libgomp.fortran/declare-mapper-21.f90: New test.

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