From 5db66b3aee6f2c057706d8715f7e5c472e82f047 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Miquel Raynal Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2018 12:58:28 +0200 Subject: cmd: mtd: add 'mtd' command There should not be a 'nand' command, a 'sf' command and certainly not a new 'spi-nand' command. Write a 'mtd' command instead to manage all MTD devices/partitions at once. This should be the preferred way to access any MTD device. Signed-off-by: Miquel Raynal Acked-by: Jagan Teki Reviewed-by: Stefan Roese Reviewed-by: Boris Brezillon --- cmd/mtd.c | 473 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 473 insertions(+) create mode 100644 cmd/mtd.c (limited to 'cmd/mtd.c') diff --git a/cmd/mtd.c b/cmd/mtd.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6142223 --- /dev/null +++ b/cmd/mtd.c @@ -0,0 +1,473 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ +/* + * mtd.c + * + * Generic command to handle basic operations on any memory device. + * + * Copyright: Bootlin, 2018 + * Author: Miquèl Raynal + */ + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +static uint mtd_len_to_pages(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 len) +{ + do_div(len, mtd->writesize); + + return len; +} + +static bool mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 size) +{ + return !do_div(size, mtd->writesize); +} + +static bool mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 size) +{ + return !do_div(size, mtd->erasesize); +} + +static void mtd_dump_buf(const u8 *buf, uint len, uint offset) +{ + int i, j; + + for (i = 0; i < len; ) { + printf("0x%08x:\t", offset + i); + for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) + printf("%02x ", buf[i + j]); + printf(" "); + i += 8; + for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) + printf("%02x ", buf[i + j]); + printf("\n"); + i += 8; + } +} + +static void mtd_dump_device_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 start_off, + const u8 *buf, u64 len, bool woob) +{ + bool has_pages = mtd->type == MTD_NANDFLASH || + mtd->type == MTD_MLCNANDFLASH; + int npages = mtd_len_to_pages(mtd, len); + uint page; + + if (has_pages) { + for (page = 0; page < npages; page++) { + u64 data_off = page * mtd->writesize; + + printf("\nDump %d data bytes from 0x%08llx:\n", + mtd->writesize, start_off + data_off); + mtd_dump_buf(&buf[data_off], + mtd->writesize, start_off + data_off); + + if (woob) { + u64 oob_off = page * mtd->oobsize; + + printf("Dump %d OOB bytes from page at 0x%08llx:\n", + mtd->oobsize, start_off + data_off); + mtd_dump_buf(&buf[len + oob_off], + mtd->oobsize, 0); + } + } + } else { + printf("\nDump %lld data bytes from 0x%llx:\n", + len, start_off); + mtd_dump_buf(buf, len, start_off); + } +} + +static void mtd_show_parts(struct mtd_info *mtd, int level) +{ + struct mtd_info *part; + int i; + + list_for_each_entry(part, &mtd->partitions, node) { + for (i = 0; i < level; i++) + printf("\t"); + printf(" - 0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n", + part->offset, part->offset + part->size, part->name); + + mtd_show_parts(part, level + 1); + } +} + +static void mtd_show_device(struct mtd_info *mtd) +{ + /* Device */ + printf("* %s\n", mtd->name); +#if defined(CONFIG_DM) + if (mtd->dev) { + printf(" - device: %s\n", mtd->dev->name); + printf(" - parent: %s\n", mtd->dev->parent->name); + printf(" - driver: %s\n", mtd->dev->driver->name); + } +#endif + + /* MTD device information */ + printf(" - type: "); + switch (mtd->type) { + case MTD_RAM: + printf("RAM\n"); + break; + case MTD_ROM: + printf("ROM\n"); + break; + case MTD_NORFLASH: + printf("NOR flash\n"); + break; + case MTD_NANDFLASH: + printf("NAND flash\n"); + break; + case MTD_DATAFLASH: + printf("Data flash\n"); + break; + case MTD_UBIVOLUME: + printf("UBI volume\n"); + break; + case MTD_MLCNANDFLASH: + printf("MLC NAND flash\n"); + break; + case MTD_ABSENT: + default: + printf("Unknown\n"); + break; + } + + printf(" - block size: 0x%x bytes\n", mtd->erasesize); + printf(" - min I/O: 0x%x bytes\n", mtd->writesize); + + if (mtd->oobsize) { + printf(" - OOB size: %u bytes\n", mtd->oobsize); + printf(" - OOB available: %u bytes\n", mtd->oobavail); + } + + if (mtd->ecc_strength) { + printf(" - ECC strength: %u bits\n", mtd->ecc_strength); + printf(" - ECC step size: %u bytes\n", mtd->ecc_step_size); + printf(" - bitflip threshold: %u bits\n", + mtd->bitflip_threshold); + } + + printf(" - 0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n", + mtd->offset, mtd->offset + mtd->size, mtd->name); + + /* MTD partitions, if any */ + mtd_show_parts(mtd, 1); +} + +/* Logic taken from fs/ubifs/recovery.c:is_empty() */ +static bool mtd_oob_write_is_empty(struct mtd_oob_ops *op) +{ + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < op->len; i++) + if (op->datbuf[i] != 0xff) + return false; + + for (i = 0; i < op->ooblen; i++) + if (op->oobbuf[i] != 0xff) + return false; + + return true; +} + +static int do_mtd_list(void) +{ + struct mtd_info *mtd; + int dev_nb = 0; + + /* Ensure all devices (and their partitions) are probed */ + mtd_probe_devices(); + + printf("List of MTD devices:\n"); + mtd_for_each_device(mtd) { + if (!mtd_is_partition(mtd)) + mtd_show_device(mtd); + + dev_nb++; + } + + if (!dev_nb) { + printf("No MTD device found\n"); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + return CMD_RET_SUCCESS; +} + +static int mtd_special_write_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 off, + struct mtd_oob_ops *io_op, + bool write_empty_pages, bool woob) +{ + int ret = 0; + + /* + * By default, do not write an empty page. + * Skip it by simulating a successful write. + */ + if (!write_empty_pages && mtd_oob_write_is_empty(io_op)) { + io_op->retlen = mtd->writesize; + io_op->oobretlen = woob ? mtd->oobsize : 0; + } else { + ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, off, io_op); + } + + return ret; +} + +static int do_mtd(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[]) +{ + struct mtd_info *mtd; + const char *cmd; + char *mtd_name; + + /* All MTD commands need at least two arguments */ + if (argc < 2) + return CMD_RET_USAGE; + + /* Parse the command name and its optional suffixes */ + cmd = argv[1]; + + /* List the MTD devices if that is what the user wants */ + if (strcmp(cmd, "list") == 0) + return do_mtd_list(); + + /* + * The remaining commands require also at least a device ID. + * Check the selected device is valid. Ensure it is probed. + */ + if (argc < 3) + return CMD_RET_USAGE; + + mtd_name = argv[2]; + mtd_probe_devices(); + mtd = get_mtd_device_nm(mtd_name); + if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mtd)) { + printf("MTD device %s not found, ret %ld\n", + mtd_name, PTR_ERR(mtd)); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + put_mtd_device(mtd); + + argc -= 3; + argv += 3; + + /* Do the parsing */ + if (!strncmp(cmd, "read", 4) || !strncmp(cmd, "dump", 4) || + !strncmp(cmd, "write", 5)) { + bool has_pages = mtd->type == MTD_NANDFLASH || + mtd->type == MTD_MLCNANDFLASH; + bool dump, read, raw, woob, write_empty_pages; + struct mtd_oob_ops io_op = {}; + uint user_addr = 0, npages; + u64 start_off, off, len, remaining, default_len; + u32 oob_len; + u8 *buf; + int ret; + + dump = !strncmp(cmd, "dump", 4); + read = dump || !strncmp(cmd, "read", 4); + raw = strstr(cmd, ".raw"); + woob = strstr(cmd, ".oob"); + write_empty_pages = !has_pages || strstr(cmd, ".dontskipff"); + + if (!dump) { + if (!argc) + return CMD_RET_USAGE; + + user_addr = simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16); + argc--; + argv++; + } + + start_off = argc > 0 ? simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16) : 0; + if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(mtd, start_off)) { + printf("Offset not aligned with a page (0x%x)\n", + mtd->writesize); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + default_len = dump ? mtd->writesize : mtd->size; + len = argc > 1 ? simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16) : + default_len; + if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(mtd, len)) { + len = round_up(len, mtd->writesize); + printf("Size not on a page boundary (0x%x), rounding to 0x%llx\n", + mtd->writesize, len); + } + + remaining = len; + npages = mtd_len_to_pages(mtd, len); + oob_len = woob ? npages * mtd->oobsize : 0; + + if (dump) + buf = kmalloc(len + oob_len, GFP_KERNEL); + else + buf = map_sysmem(user_addr, 0); + + if (!buf) { + printf("Could not map/allocate the user buffer\n"); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + if (has_pages) + printf("%s %lld byte(s) (%d page(s)) at offset 0x%08llx%s%s%s\n", + read ? "Reading" : "Writing", len, npages, start_off, + raw ? " [raw]" : "", woob ? " [oob]" : "", + !read && write_empty_pages ? " [dontskipff]" : ""); + else + printf("%s %lld byte(s) at offset 0x%08llx\n", + read ? "Reading" : "Writing", len, start_off); + + io_op.mode = raw ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB; + io_op.len = has_pages ? mtd->writesize : len; + io_op.ooblen = woob ? mtd->oobsize : 0; + io_op.datbuf = buf; + io_op.oobbuf = woob ? &buf[len] : NULL; + + /* Search for the first good block after the given offset */ + off = start_off; + while (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off)) + off += mtd->erasesize; + + /* Loop over the pages to do the actual read/write */ + while (remaining) { + /* Skip the block if it is bad */ + if (mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, off) && + mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off)) { + off += mtd->erasesize; + continue; + } + + if (read) + ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, off, &io_op); + else + ret = mtd_special_write_oob(mtd, off, &io_op, + write_empty_pages, + woob); + + if (ret) { + printf("Failure while %s at offset 0x%llx\n", + read ? "reading" : "writing", off); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + off += io_op.retlen; + remaining -= io_op.retlen; + io_op.datbuf += io_op.retlen; + io_op.oobbuf += io_op.oobretlen; + } + + if (!ret && dump) + mtd_dump_device_buf(mtd, start_off, buf, len, woob); + + if (dump) + kfree(buf); + else + unmap_sysmem(buf); + + if (ret) { + printf("%s on %s failed with error %d\n", + read ? "Read" : "Write", mtd->name, ret); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "erase")) { + bool scrub = strstr(cmd, ".dontskipbad"); + struct erase_info erase_op = {}; + u64 off, len; + int ret; + + off = argc > 0 ? simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16) : 0; + len = argc > 1 ? simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16) : mtd->size; + + if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, off)) { + printf("Offset not aligned with a block (0x%x)\n", + mtd->erasesize); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, len)) { + printf("Size not a multiple of a block (0x%x)\n", + mtd->erasesize); + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } + + printf("Erasing 0x%08llx ... 0x%08llx (%d eraseblock(s))\n", + off, off + len - 1, mtd_div_by_eb(len, mtd)); + + erase_op.mtd = mtd; + erase_op.addr = off; + erase_op.len = len; + erase_op.scrub = scrub; + + while (erase_op.len) { + ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase_op); + + /* Abort if its not a bad block error */ + if (ret != -EIO) + break; + + printf("Skipping bad block at 0x%08llx\n", + erase_op.fail_addr); + + /* Skip bad block and continue behind it */ + erase_op.len -= erase_op.fail_addr - erase_op.addr; + erase_op.len -= mtd->erasesize; + erase_op.addr = erase_op.fail_addr + mtd->erasesize; + } + + if (ret && ret != -EIO) + return CMD_RET_FAILURE; + } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "bad")) { + loff_t off; + + if (!mtd_can_have_bb(mtd)) { + printf("Only NAND-based devices can have bad blocks\n"); + return CMD_RET_SUCCESS; + } + + printf("MTD device %s bad blocks list:\n", mtd->name); + for (off = 0; off < mtd->size; off += mtd->erasesize) + if (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off)) + printf("\t0x%08llx\n", off); + } else { + return CMD_RET_USAGE; + } + + return CMD_RET_SUCCESS; +} + +static char mtd_help_text[] = +#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP + "- generic operations on memory technology devices\n\n" + "mtd list\n" + "mtd read[.raw][.oob] [ []]\n" + "mtd dump[.raw][.oob] [ []]\n" + "mtd write[.raw][.oob][.dontskipff] [ []]\n" + "mtd erase[.dontskipbad] [ []]\n" + "\n" + "Specific functions:\n" + "mtd bad \n" + "\n" + "With:\n" + "\t: NAND partition/chip name\n" + "\t: user address from/to which data will be retrieved/stored\n" + "\t: offset in in bytes (default: start of the part)\n" + "\t\t* must be block-aligned for erase\n" + "\t\t* must be page-aligned otherwise\n" + "\t: length of the operation in bytes (default: the entire device)\n" + "\t\t* must be a multiple of a block for erase\n" + "\t\t* must be a multiple of a page otherwise (special case: default is a page with dump)\n" + "\n" + "The .dontskipff option forces writing empty pages, don't use it if unsure.\n" +#endif + ""; + +U_BOOT_CMD(mtd, 10, 1, do_mtd, "MTD utils", mtd_help_text); -- cgit v1.1