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diff --git a/doc/board/andestech/ae350.rst b/doc/board/andestech/ae350.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..99622fd --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/board/andestech/ae350.rst @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ + +AE350 +===== + +AE350 is the mainline SoC produced by Andes Technology using AndesV5 CPU core +based on RISC-V architecture. + +AE350 has integrated both AHB and APB bus and many periphals for application +and product development. + +AndesV5 is Andes CPU IP family that adopts RISC-V architecture. + +AndesV5 family includes 25, 27, 45 series. + +25-Series Features +------------------ + +CPU Core + - 5-stage in-order execution pipeline + - Hardware Multiplier + - radix-2/radix-4/radix-16/radix-256/fast + - Hardware Divider + - Optional branch prediction + - Machine mode and optional user mode + - Optional performance monitoring + +ISA + - RV64I base integer instructions + - RVC for 16-bit compressed instructions + - RVM for multiplication and division instructions + +Memory subsystem + - I & D local memory + - Size: 4KB to 16MB + - Memory subsyetem soft-error protection + - Protection scheme: parity-checking or error-checking-and-correction (ECC) + - Automatic hardware error correction + +Bus + - Interface Protocol + - Synchronous AHB (32-bit/64-bit data-width), or + - Synchronous AXI4 (64-bit data-width) + +Power management + - Wait for interrupt (WFI) mode + +Debug + - Configurable number of breakpoints: 2/4/8 + - External Debug Module + - AHB slave port + - External JTAG debug transport module + +Platform Level Interrupt Controller (PLIC) + - AHB slave port + - Configurable number of interrupts: 1-1023 + - Configurable number of interrupt priorities: 3/7/15/63/127/255 + - Configurable number of targets: 1-16 + - Preempted interrupt priority stack + +Build and boot steps +-------------------- + +Build: + +1. Prepare the toolchains and make sure the $PATH to toolchains is correct. +2. Use `make ae350_rv[32|64]_defconfig` in u-boot root to build the image for + 32 or 64 bit. + +Verification: + +1. startup +2. relocation +3. timer driver +4. uart driver +5. mac driver +6. mmc driver +7. spi driver + +Steps +----- + +1. Ping a server by mac driver +2. Scan sd card and copy u-boot image which is booted from flash to ram by sd driver +3. Burn this u-boot image to spi rom by spi driver +4. Re-boot u-boot from spi flash with power off and power on + +Messages of U-Boot boot on AE350 board +-------------------------------------- + +.. code-block:: none + + U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-g824f89a (Dec 21 2017 - 16:51:26 +0800) + + DRAM: 1 GiB + MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0 + SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB + In: serial@f0300000 + Out: serial@f0300000 + Err: serial@f0300000 + Net: + Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - be:dd:d7:e4:e8:10 + eth0: mac@e0100000 + + RISC-V # version + U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-gb265b91-dirty (Dec 22 2017 - 13:54:21 +0800) + + riscv32-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 7.2.0 + GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.29 + + RISC-V # setenv ipaddr 10.0.4.200 ; + RISC-V # setenv serverip 10.0.4.97 ; + RISC-V # ping 10.0.4.97 ; + Using mac@e0100000 device + host 10.0.4.97 is alive + + RISC-V # mmc rescan + RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:1 + 318907 u-boot-ae350-64.bin + 1252 hello_world_ae350_32.bin + 328787 u-boot-ae350-32.bin + + 3 file(s), 0 dir(s) + + RISC-V # sf probe 0:0 50000000 0 + SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB + + RISC-V # sf test 0x100000 0x1000 + SPI flash test: + 0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps + 1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps + 2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps + 3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps + Test passed + 0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps + 1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps + 2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps + 3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps + + RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:1 0x600000 u-boot-ae350-32.bin + reading u-boot-ae350-32.bin + 328787 bytes read in 324 ms (990.2 KiB/s) + + RISC-V # sf erase 0x0 0x51000 + SF: 331776 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OK + + RISC-V # sf write 0x600000 0x0 0x50453 + device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x50453 + SF: 328787 bytes @ 0x0 Written: OK + + RISC-V # crc32 0x600000 0x50453 + crc32 for 00600000 ... 00650452 ==> 692dc44a + + RISC-V # crc32 0x80000000 0x50453 + crc32 for 80000000 ... 80050452 ==> 692dc44a + RISC-V # + + *** power-off and power-on, this U-Boot is booted from spi flash *** + + U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00032-gf67dd47-dirty (Dec 21 2017 - 13:56:03 +0800) + + DRAM: 1 GiB + MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0 + SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB + In: serial@f0300000 + Out: serial@f0300000 + Err: serial@f0300000 + Net: + Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - ee:4c:58:29:32:f5 + eth0: mac@e0100000 + RISC-V # + + +Boot bbl and riscv-linux via U-Boot on QEMU +------------------------------------------- + +1. Build riscv-linux +2. Build bbl and riscv-linux with --with-payload +3. Prepare ae350.dtb +4. Creating OS-kernel images + +.. code-block:: none + + ./mkimage -A riscv -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x0000 -e 0x0000 -d bbl.bin bootmImage-bbl.bin + Image Name: + Created: Tue Mar 13 10:06:42 2018 + Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) + Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17481.64 KiB = 17.07 MiB + Load Address: 00000000 + Entry Point: 00000000 + +5. Copy bootmImage-bbl.bin and ae350.dtb to qemu sd card image +6. Message of booting riscv-linux from bbl via u-boot on qemu + +.. code-block:: none + + U-Boot 2018.03-rc4-00031-g2631273 (Mar 13 2018 - 15:02:55 +0800) + + DRAM: 1 GiB + main-loop: WARNING: I/O thread spun for 1000 iterations + MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0 + Loading Environment from SPI Flash... *** Warning - spi_flash_probe_bus_cs() failed, using default environment + + Failed (-22) + In: serial@f0300000 + Out: serial@f0300000 + Err: serial@f0300000 + Net: + Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - 02:00:00:00:00:00 + eth0: mac@e0100000 + RISC-V # mmc rescan + RISC-V # mmc part + + Partition Map for MMC device 0 -- Partition Type: DOS + + Part Start Sector Num Sectors UUID Type + RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:0 + 17901268 bootmImage-bbl.bin + 1954 ae2xx.dtb + + 2 file(s), 0 dir(s) + + RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x00600000 bootmImage-bbl.bin + 17901268 bytes read in 4642 ms (3.7 MiB/s) + RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x2000000 ae350.dtb + 1954 bytes read in 1 ms (1.9 MiB/s) + RISC-V # setenv bootm_size 0x2000000 + RISC-V # setenv fdt_high 0x1f00000 + RISC-V # bootm 0x00600000 - 0x2000000 + ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 00600000 ... + Image Name: + Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) + Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17.1 MiB + Load Address: 00000000 + Entry Point: 00000000 + Verifying Checksum ... OK + ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 02000000 + Booting using the fdt blob at 0x2000000 + Loading Kernel Image ... OK + Loading Device Tree to 0000000001efc000, end 0000000001eff7a1 ... OK + [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x0 - 0x200000 + [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.0-00046-gf3e439f-dirty (rick@atcsqa06) (gcc version 7.1.1 20170509 (GCC)) #1 Tue Jan 9 16:34:25 CST 2018 + [ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled + [ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0xffffffe000016a98 (12267008 bytes) + [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: + [ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff] + [ 0.000000] Normal empty + [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node + [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges + [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff] + [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff] + [ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d + [ 0.000000] random: fast init done + [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 516615 + [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,38400n8 earlyprintk=uart8250-32bit,0xf0300000 debug loglevel=7 + [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) + [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes) + [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes) + [ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table... + [ 0.000000] Memory: 2047832K/2095104K available (1856K kernel code, 204K rwdata, 532K rodata, 12076K init, 756K bss, 47272K reserved, 0K cma-reserved) + [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 + [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0 + [ 0.000000] riscv,cpu_intc,0: 64 local interrupts mapped + [ 0.000000] riscv,plic0,e4000000: mapped 31 interrupts to 1/2 handlers + [ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns + [ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=40000) + [ 0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 + [ 0.004000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) + [ 0.004000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) + [ 0.056000] devtmpfs: initialized + [ 0.060000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns + [ 0.064000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 6144 bytes) + [ 0.068000] NET: Registered protocol family 16 + [ 0.080000] vgaarb: loaded + [ 0.084000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource + [ 0.088000] NET: Registered protocol family 2 + [ 0.092000] TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) + [ 0.096000] TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) + [ 0.096000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384) + [ 0.100000] UDP hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) + [ 0.100000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) + [ 0.104000] NET: Registered protocol family 1 + [ 0.616000] Unpacking initramfs... + [ 1.220000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=19 bucket_order=0 + [ 1.244000] io scheduler noop registered + [ 1.244000] io scheduler cfq registered (default) + [ 1.244000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered + [ 1.248000] io scheduler kyber registered + [ 1.360000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled + [ 1.368000] console [ttyS0] disabled + [ 1.372000] f0300000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xf0300020 (irq = 10, base_baud = 1228800) is a 16550A + [ 1.392000] console [ttyS0] enabled + [ 1.392000] ftmac100: Loading version 0.2 ... + [ 1.396000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: irq 8, mapped at ffffffd002005000 + [ 1.400000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: generated random MAC address 6e:ac:c3:92:36:c0 + [ 1.404000] IR NEC protocol handler initialized + [ 1.404000] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized + [ 1.404000] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized + [ 1.404000] IR JVC protocol handler initialized + [ 1.408000] IR Sony protocol handler initialized + [ 1.408000] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized + [ 1.408000] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized + [ 1.408000] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized + [ 1.412000] IR XMP protocol handler initialized + [ 1.456000] ftsdc010 f0e00000.mmc: mmc0 - using hw SDIO IRQ + [ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] uses init memory and must be disabled even before the real one is ready + [ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] disabled + [ 1.508000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 12076K + [ 1.512000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection. + [ 1.520000] mmc0: new SD card at address 4567 + [ 1.524000] mmcblk0: mmc0:4567 QEMU! 20.0 MiB + [ 1.844000] mmcblk0: + Wed Dec 1 10:00:00 CST 2010 + / # + + +Running U-Boot SPL +------------------ +The U-Boot SPL will boot in M mode and load the FIT image which include +OpenSBI and U-Boot proper images. After loading progress, it will jump +to OpenSBI first and then U-Boot proper which will run in S mode. + + +How to build U-Boot SPL +----------------------- +Before building U-Boot SPL, OpenSBI must be build first. OpenSBI can be +cloned and build for AE350 as below: + +.. code-block:: none + + git clone https://github.com/riscv/opensbi.git + cd opensbi + make PLATFORM=andes/ae350 + +Copy OpenSBI FW_DYNAMIC image (build/platform/andes/ae350/firmware/fw_dynamic.bin) +into U-Boot root directory + + +How to build U-Boot SPL booting from RAM +---------------------------------------- +With ae350_rv[32|64]_spl_defconfigs: + +U-Boot SPL will be loaded by gdb or FSBL and runs in RAM in machine mode +and then load FIT image from RAM device on AE350. + + +How to build U-Boot SPL booting from ROM +---------------------------------------- +With ae350_rv[32|64]_spl_xip_defconfigs: + +U-Boot SPL can be burned into SPI flash and run in flash in machine mode +and then load FIT image from SPI flash or MMC device on AE350. + + +Messages of U-Boot SPL boots Kernel on AE350 board +-------------------------------------------------- + +.. code-block:: none + + U-Boot SPL 2020.01-rc1-00292-g67a3313-dirty (Nov 14 2019 - 11:26:21 +0800) + Trying to boot from RAM + + OpenSBI v0.5-1-gdd8ef28 (Nov 14 2019 11:08:39) + ____ _____ ____ _____ + / __ \ / ____| _ \_ _| + | | | |_ __ ___ _ __ | (___ | |_) || | + | | | | '_ \ / _ \ '_ \ \___ \| _ < | | + | |__| | |_) | __/ | | |____) | |_) || |_ + \____/| .__/ \___|_| |_|_____/|____/_____| + | | + |_| + + Platform Name : Andes AE350 + Platform HART Features : RV64ACIMSUX + Platform Max HARTs : 4 + Current Hart : 0 + Firmware Base : 0x0 + Firmware Size : 84 KB + Runtime SBI Version : 0.2 + + PMP0: 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000001ffff (A) + PMP1: 0x0000000000000000-0x00000001ffffffff (A,R,W,X) + + + U-Boot 2020.01-rc1-00292-g67a3313-dirty (Nov 14 2019 - 11:26:21 +0800) + + DRAM: 1 GiB + Flash: 64 MiB + MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0 + Loading Environment from SPI Flash... SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB + OK + In: serial@f0300000 + Out: serial@f0300000 + Err: serial@f0300000 + Net: no alias for ethernet0 + + Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - a2:ae:93:7b:cc:8f + eth0: mac@e0100000 + Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 + 6455 bytes read in 31 ms (203.1 KiB/s) + 20421684 bytes read in 8647 ms (2.3 MiB/s) + ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 00600000 ... + Image Name: + Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) + Data Size: 20421620 Bytes = 19.5 MiB + Load Address: 00200000 + Entry Point: 00200000 + Verifying Checksum ... OK + ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 20000000 + Booting using the fdt blob at 0x20000000 + Loading Kernel Image + Loading Device Tree to 000000001effb000, end 000000001efff936 ... OK + + Starting kernel ... + + OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x0 - 0x200000 + Linux version 4.17.0-00253-g49136e10bcb2 (sqa@atcsqa07) (gcc version 7.3.0 (2019-04-06_nds64le-linux-glibc-v5_experimental)) #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Apr 6 23:41:49 CST 2019 + bootconsole [early0] enabled + Initial ramdisk at: 0x (ptrval) (13665712 bytes) + Zone ranges: + DMA32 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000003fffffff] + Normal empty + Movable zone start for each node + Early memory node ranges + node 0: [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000003fffffff] + Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000003fffffff] + software IO TLB [mem 0x3b1f8000-0x3f1f8000] (64MB) mapped at [ (ptrval)- (ptrval)] + elf_platform is rv64i2p0m2p0a2p0c2p0xv5-0p0 + compatible privileged spec version 1.10 + percpu: Embedded 16 pages/cpu @ (ptrval) s28184 r8192 d29160 u65536 + Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 258055 + Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,38400n8 debug loglevel=7 + log_buf_len individual max cpu contribution: 4096 bytes + log_buf_len total cpu_extra contributions: 12288 bytes + log_buf_len min size: 16384 bytes + log_buf_len: 32768 bytes + early log buf free: 14608(89%) + Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes) + Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) + Sorting __ex_table... + Memory: 944428K/1046528K available (3979K kernel code, 246K rwdata, 1490K rodata, 13523K init, 688K bss, 102100K reserved, 0K cma-reserved) + SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1 + Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation. + Tasks RCU enabled. + NR_IRQS: 72, nr_irqs: 72, preallocated irqs: 0 + riscv,cpu_intc,0: 64 local interrupts mapped + riscv,cpu_intc,1: 64 local interrupts mapped + riscv,cpu_intc,2: 64 local interrupts mapped + riscv,cpu_intc,3: 64 local interrupts mapped + riscv,plic0,e4000000: mapped 71 interrupts to 8/8 handlers + clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1bacf917bf, max_idle_ns: 881590412290 ns + sched_clock: 64 bits at 60MHz, resolution 16ns, wraps every 4398046511098ns + Console: colour dummy device 40x30 + Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 120.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=600000) + pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 + Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) + Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) + Hierarchical SRCU implementation. + smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... + CPU0: online + CPU2: online + CPU3: online + smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs + devtmpfs: initialized + random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x198/0x1d8 with crng_init=0 + clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns + futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) + NET: Registered protocol family 16 + Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized. + clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource + NET: Registered protocol family 2 + tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) + TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) + TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) + TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) + UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) + UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) + NET: Registered protocol family 1 + RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. + RPC: Registered udp transport module. + RPC: Registered tcp transport module. + RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. + Unpacking initramfs... + workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0 + NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type + Key type id_resolver registered + Key type id_legacy registered + nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering... + io scheduler noop registered + io scheduler cfq registered (default) + io scheduler mq-deadline registered + io scheduler kyber registered + Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 40x30 + Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled + console [ttyS0] disabled + f0300000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xf0300020 (irq = 20, base_baud = 1228800) is a 16550A + console [ttyS0] enabled + console [ttyS0] enabled + bootconsole [early0] disabled + bootconsole [early0] disabled + loop: module loaded + tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 + ftmac100: Loading version 0.2 ... + ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: irq 21, mapped at (ptrval) + ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: generated random MAC address 4e:fd:bd:f3:04:fc + ftsdc010 f0e00000.mmc: mmc0 - using hw SDIO IRQ + mmc0: new SDHC card at address d555 + ftssp010 card registered! + mmcblk0: mmc0:d555 SD04G 3.79 GiB + NET: Registered protocol family 10 + mmcblk0: p1 + Segment Routing with IPv6 + sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver + NET: Registered protocol family 17 + NET: Registered protocol family 15 + ALSA device list: + #0: ftssp_ac97 controller + Freeing unused kernel memory: 13520K + This architecture does not have kernel memory protection. + Sysinit starting + Sat Apr 6 23:33:53 CST 2019 + nfs4flexfilelayout_init: NFSv4 Flexfile Layout Driver Registering... + + ~ # |