Modernized user guide, API reference, and FAQ generation. Overall

effect is to move away from DocBook SGML and DJ Delorie's doctool and
toward pure DocBook XSL.  (There remains just one use of doctool, and
we have plans for replacing it, too.)  See ChangeLog for details.

1 files changed, 1195 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/winsup/doc/new-features.xml b/winsup/doc/new-features.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09ae7ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/winsup/doc/new-features.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1195 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
+<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
+		"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
+
+<sect1 id="ov-new1.7"><title>What's new and what changed in Cygwin 1.7</title>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.19"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.18 to 1.7.19</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Drop support for Windows 2000 and Windows XP pre-SP3.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add support for building a 64 bit version of Cygwin on x86_64 natively.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add support for creating native NTFS symlinks starting with Windows Vista
+by setting the CYGWIN=winsymlinks:native option.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add support for AFS filesystem.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.18"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.17 to 1.7.18</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>Added Windows console cursor appearance support.</para>
+
+  <itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Show/Hide Cursor mode (DECTCEM): "ESC[?25h" / "ESC[?25l"
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Set cursor style (DECSCUSR): "ESC[n q" (note the space before the q);
+  where n is 0, 1, 2 for block cursor, 3, 4 for underline cursor (all
+  disregarding blinking mode), or > 4 to set the cursor height to a
+  percentage of the cell height.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  </itemizedlist>
+
+</listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+For performance reasons, Cygwin does not try to create sparse files
+automatically anymore, unless you use the new "sparse" mount option.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New API: cfsetspeed.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.17"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.16 to 1.7.17</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support the "e" flag to fopen(3).  This is a Glibc extension which
+allows to fopen the file with the O_CLOEXEC flag set.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support the "x" flag to fopen(3).  This is a Glibc/C11 extension which
+allows to open the file with the O_EXCL flag set.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.16"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.15 to 1.7.16</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+New API: getmntent_r, memrchr.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Recognize ReFS filesystem.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.15"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.14 to 1.7.15</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+CYGWIN=pipe_byte option now forces the opening of pipes in byte mode rather than message mode.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.14"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.13 to 1.7.14</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add mouse reporting modes 1005, 1006 and 1015 to console window.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.13"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.12 to 1.7.13</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+mkpasswd and mkgroup now try to print an entry for the TrustedInstaller
+account existing since Windows Vista/Server 2008.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Terminal typeahead when switching from canonical to non-canonical mode
+is now properly flushed.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.12"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.11 to 1.7.12</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Cygwin now automatically populates the /dev directory with all existing
+POSIX devices.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add virtual /proc/PID/mountinfo file.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+flock now additionally supports the following scenario, which requires
+  to propagate locks to the parent process:
+   <screen>
+    (
+      flock -n 9 || exit 1
+      # ... commands executed under lock ...
+    } 9>/var/lock/mylockfile
+   </screen>
+  Only propagation to the direct parent process is supported so far,
+  not to grand parents or sibling processes.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add a "detect_bloda" setting for the CYGWIN environment variable to help
+finding potential BLODAs.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.11"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.10 to 1.7.11</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+New <command>pldd</command> command for listing DLLs loaded by a process.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New API: scandirat.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Change the way remote shares mapped to drive letters are recognized when
+creating the cygdrive directory.  If Windows claims the drive is
+unavailable, don't show it in the cygdrive directory listing.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Raise default stacksize of pthreads from 512K to 1 Meg.  It can still be
+changed using the pthread_attr_setstacksize call.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.10"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.9 to 1.7.10</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Drop support for Windows NT4.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN environment variable options "envcache", "strip_title", "title",
+"tty", and "upcaseenv" have been removed.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+If the executable (and the system) is large address aware, the application heap
+will be placed in the large memory area.  The <command>peflags</command> tool
+from the <literal>rebase</literal> package can be used to set the large
+address awareness flag in the executable file header.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The registry setting "heap_chunk_in_mb" has been removed, in favor of a new
+per-executable setting in the executable file header which can be set using the
+<command>peflags</command> tool.  See <xref linkend="setup-maxmem"></xref>
+for more information.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN=tty mode using pipes to communicate with the console in a pseudo
+tty-like mode has been removed.  Either just use the normal Windows console
+as is, or use a terminal application like <command>mintty</command>.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New <command>getconf</command> command for querying confstr(3), pathconf(3),
+sysconf(3), and limits.h configuration.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New <command>tzset</command> utility to generate a POSIX-compatible TZ
+environment variable from the Windows timezone settings.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The passwd command now allows an administrator to use the -R command for
+other user accounts:  passwd -R username.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Pthread spinlocks.  New APIs: pthread_spin_destroy, pthread_spin_init,
+pthread_spin_lock, pthread_spin_trylock, pthread_spin_unlock.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Pthread stack address management.  New APIs: pthread_attr_getstack,
+pthread_attr_getstackaddr, pthread_attr_getguardsize, pthread_attr_setstack,
+pthread_attr_setstackaddr, pthread_attr_setguardsize, pthread_getattr_np.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+POSIX Clock Selection option.  New APIs: clock_nanosleep,
+pthread_condattr_getclock, pthread_condattr_setclock.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+clock_gettime(3) and clock_getres(3) accept per-process and per-thread CPU-time
+clocks, including CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID.
+New APIs: clock_getcpuclockid, pthread_getcpuclockid.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+GNU/glibc error.h error reporting functions.  New APIs: error, error_at_line.
+New exports: error_message_count, error_one_per_line, error_print_progname.
+Also, perror and strerror_r no longer clobber strerror storage.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+C99 &lt;tgmath.h&gt; type-generic macros.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+/proc/loadavg now shows the number of currently running processes and the
+total number of processes.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Added /proc/devices and /proc/misc, which lists supported device types and
+their device numbers.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Added /proc/swaps, which shows the location and size of Windows paging file(s).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Added /proc/sysvipc/msg, /proc/sysvipc/sem, and /proc/sysvipc/shm which
+provide information about System V IPC message queues, semaphores, and
+shared memory.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+/proc/version now shows the username of whomever compiled the Cygwin DLL
+as well as the version of GCC used when compiling.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+dlopen now supports the Glibc-specific RTLD_NODELETE and RTLD_NOOPEN flags.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The printf(3) and wprintf(3) families of functions now handle the %m
+conversion flag.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Other new API: clock_settime, __fpurge, getgrouplist, get_current_dir_name,
+getpt, ppoll, psiginfo, psignal, ptsname_r, sys_siglist, pthread_setschedprio,
+pthread_sigqueue, sysinfo.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.9"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.8 to 1.7.9</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+New API: strchrnul.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.8"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.7 to 1.7.8</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Drop support for Windows NT4 prior to Service Pack 4.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Reinstantiate Cygwin's ability to delete an empty directory which is the
+current working directory of the same or another process.  Same for any
+other empty directory which has been opened by the same or another process.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Cygwin now ships the C standard library fenv.h header file, and implements the
+related APIs (including GNU/glibc extensions): feclearexcept, fedisableexcept,
+feenableexcept, fegetenv, fegetexcept, fegetexceptflag, fegetprec, fegetround,
+feholdexcept, feraiseexcept, fesetenv, fesetexceptflag, fesetprec, fesetround,
+fetestexcept, feupdateenv, and predefines both default and no-mask FP
+environments.  See the
+<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Arithmetic.html">
+GNU C Library manual</ulink> for full details of this functionality.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support for the C99 complex functions, except for the "long double"
+implementations.  New APIs: cacos, cacosf, cacosh, cacoshf, carg, cargf, casin,
+casinf, casinh, casinhf, catan, catanf, catanh, catanhf, ccos, ccosf, ccosh,
+ccoshf, cexp, cexpf, cimag, cimagf, clog, clogf, conj, conjf, cpow, cpowf,
+cproj, cprojf, creal, crealf, csin, csinf, csinh, csinhf, csqrt, csqrtf, ctan,
+ctanf, ctanh, ctanhf.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Fix the width of "CJK Ambiguous Width" characters to 1 for singlebyte charsets
+and 2 for East Asian multibyte charsets. (For UTF-8, it remains dependent on
+the specified language, and the "@cjknarrow" locale modifier can still be used
+to force width 1.)
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The strerror_r interface now has two flavors; if _GNU_SOURCE is
+defined, it retains the previous behavior of returning char *
+(but the result is now guaranteed to be NUL-terminated); otherwise
+it now obeys POSIX semantics of returning int.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+/proc/sys now allows unfiltered access to the native NT namespace.  Access
+restrictions still apply.  Direct device access via /proc/sys is not yet
+supported.  File system access via block devices works.  For instance
+(note the trailing slash!)
+<screen>
+bash$ cd /proc/sys/Device/HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy1/
+</screen>
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Other new APIs: llround, llroundf, madvise, pthread_yield.
+Export program_invocation_name, program_invocation_short_name.
+Support TIOCGPGRP, TIOCSPGRP ioctls.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.7"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.6 to 1.7.7</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Partially revert the 1.7.6 change to set the Win32 current working directory
+(CWD) always to an invalid directory, since it breaks backward compatibility
+too much.  The Cygwin CWD and the Win32 CWD are now kept in sync again, unless
+the Cygwin CWD is not usable as Win32 CWD.  See the reworked
+<xref linkend="pathnames-win32-api"></xref> for details.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Make sure to follow the Microsoft security advisory concerning DLL hijacking.
+See the <ulink url="http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/advisory/2269637.mspx">Microsoft Security Advisory (2269637) "Insecure Library Loading Could Allow Remote Code Execution"</ulink> for details.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Allow to link against -lbinmode instead of /lib/binmode.o.  Same for
+-ltextmode, -ltextreadmode and -lautomode. 
+See <xref linkend="textbin-devel"></xref> for details.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.6"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.5 to 1.7.6</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add new mount options "dos" and "ihash" to allow overriding Cygwin default
+behaviour on broken filesystems not recognized by Cygwin.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add new mount option "bind" to allow remounting parts of the POSIX file
+hirarchy somewhere else.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Ttys and ptys are handled as securable objects using file-like permissions
+and owner/group information.  <command>chmod</command> and
+<command>chown</command> now work on ttys/ptys.  A new mechanism is used
+to propagate pty handles safely to other processes, which does not require
+to use Cygserver.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Pass on coresize settings made with setrlimit(2).  This allows shells to
+disable creating stackdump files in child processes via
+<screen>ulimit -c 0</screen> in bash or <screen>limit coredumpsize 0</screen>
+in tcsh.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Locale categories contain all localization strings additionally as wide-char
+strings.  locale(1) prints these values just as on Linux.  nl_langinfo(3)
+allows to fetch them.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New interfaces mkostemp(3) and mkostemps(3) are added.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New virtual file /proc/filesystems.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+clock_gettime(3) and clock_getres(3) accept CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+DEPRECATED with 1.7.7: Cygwin handles the current working directory entirely
+on its own.  The Win32 current working directory is set to an invalid path to
+be out of the way.  [...]
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.5"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.3 to 1.7.5</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support for DEC Backarrow Key Mode escape sequences (ESC [ ? 67 h, ESC [ ? 67 l)
+in Windows console.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.3"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.2 to 1.7.3</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support for GB2312/EUC-CN.  These charsets are implemented as aliases to GBK.
+GB2312 is now the default charset name for the locales zh_CN and zh_SG, just
+as on Linux.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Modification and access timestamps of devices reflect the current time.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.2"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.1 to 1.7.2</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>Localization support has been much improved.</para>
+
+  <itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Cygwin now handles locales using the underlying Windows locale
+  support.  The locale must exist in Windows to be recognized.
+  Locale aliases from the file /usr/share/locale/locale.alias are also
+  allowed, as long as their replacement is supported by the underlying Windows.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  New tool "locale" to fetch locale information and default locales based on
+  the Windows default settings as well as lists of all supported locales
+  and character sets.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Default charset for locales without explicit charset is now chosen
+  from a list of Linux-compatible charsets.
+  </para>
+  
+  <para>
+  For instance: en_US -> ISO-8859-1, ja_JP -> EUC-JP, zh_TW -> Big5.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Added support for the charsets GEORGIAN-PS, PT154, and TIS-620.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Support for the various locale modifiers to switch charsets as on Linux.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Default charset in the "C" or "POSIX" locale has been changed back
+  from UTF-8 to ASCII, to avoid problems with applications
+  expecting a singlebyte charset in the "C"/"POSIX" locale.  Still use
+  UTF-8 internally for filename conversion in this case.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, and LC_TIME localization is
+  enabled via Windows locale support.  LC_MESSAGES is enabled via a big
+  table with localized strings.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  fnmatch(3), regcomp(3), regexec(3) calls are now multibyte-aware.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  printf(3), wprintf(3) families of functions now handle the grouping
+  flag, the apostrophe <literal>'</literal>, per POSIX-1.2008.  The
+  integer portion of the result of a decimal conversion (%i, %d, %u, %f,
+  %F, %g, %G) will be formatted with thousands' grouping characters.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  strftime(3), wcsftime(3), and strptime(3) now handle the E and O format
+  modifiers to print/scan alternative date and time representations or to
+  use alternative digits in locales which support this.  Additionally these
+  functions now also support the padding modifiers '0' and '+', as well as
+  a field width per POSIX-1.2008.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  New strfmon(3) call.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  </itemizedlist>
+
+</listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support open(2) flags O_CLOEXEC and O_TTY_INIT flags.  Support fcntl
+flag F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC.  Support socket flags SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK.
+Add new Linux-compatible API calls accept4(2), dup3(2), and pipe2(2).
+Support the signal SIGPWR.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>Enhanced Windows console support.</para>
+
+  <itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  The console's backspace keycode can be changed using 'stty erase'.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Function keys send distinguished escape sequences compatible with rxvt.
+  Keypad keys send distinguished escape sequences, xterm-style.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Support of combining Alt and AltGr modifiers in console window
+  (compatible with xterm and mintty), so that e.g. Alt-@ sends ESC @
+  also on keyboards where @ is mapped to an AltGr combination.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Report mouse wheel scroll events in mouse reporting mode 1000 (note:
+  this doesn't seem to work on all systems, assumedly due to driver
+  interworking issues).
+  Add mouse reporting mode 1002 to report mouse drag movement.
+  Add mouse reporting mode 1003 to report any mouse movement.
+  Add focus event reporting (mode 1004), compatible with xterm and mintty.
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Add escape sequences for not bold (22), not invisible (28), not
+  blinking (25) (compatible with xterm and mintty).
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  <listitem><para>
+  Support VT100 line drawing graphics mode in console window (compatible
+  with xterm and mintty).
+  </para></listitem>
+
+  </itemizedlist>
+
+</listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Handle native DOS paths always as if mounted with "posix=0,noacl".
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Handle UNC paths starting with slashes identical to /cygdrive paths.
+In other words, use the /cygdrive mount flags for these paths as well.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Recognize NWFS filesystem and workaround broken OS call.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New support for eXtensible Data Record (XDR) encoding and decoding,
+as defined by RFCs 1014, 1832, and 4506.  The XDR protocol and
+functions are useful for cross-platfrom data exchange, and are
+commonly used as the core data interchange format for Remote
+Procedure Call (RPC) and NFS.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-os"><title>OS related changes</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Windows 95, 98 and Me are not supported anymore.  The new Cygwin 1.7 DLL
+will not run on any of these systems.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add support for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-file"><title>File Access related changes</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Mount points are no longer stored in the registry.  Use /etc/fstab and
+/etc/fstab.d/$USER instead.  Mount points created with mount(1) are only
+local to the current session and disappear when the last Cygwin process
+in the session exits.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Cygwin creates the mount points for /, /usr/bin, and /usr/lib
+automatically from it's own position on the disk.  They don't have to be
+specified in /etc/fstab.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+If a filename cannot be represented in the current character set, the
+character will be converted to a sequence Ctrl-X + UTF-8 representation
+of the character.  This allows to access all files, even those not
+having a valid representation of their filename in the current character
+set.  To always have a valid string, use the UTF-8 charset by
+setting the environment variable $LANG, $LC_ALL, or $LC_CTYPE to a valid
+POSIX value, such as "en_US.UTF-8".
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+PATH_MAX is now 4096.  Internally, path names can be as long as the
+underlying OS can handle (32K).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+struct dirent now supports d_type, filled out with DT_REG or DT_DIR.
+All other file types return as DT_UNKNOWN for performance reasons.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN environment variable options "ntsec" and "smbntsec" have been
+replaced by the per-mount option "acl"/"noacl".
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN environment variable option "ntea" has been removed without
+substitute.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN environment variable option "check_case" has been removed in
+favor of real case-sensitivity on file systems supporting it.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Creating filenames with special DOS characters '"', '*', ':', '&lt;',
+'&gt;', '|' is supported.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Creating files with special DOS device filename components ("aux",
+"nul", "prn") is supported.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+File names are case sensitive if the OS and the underlying file system
+supports it.  Works on NTFS and NFS.  Does not work on FAT and Samba
+shares.  Requires to change a registry key (see the User's Guide).  Can
+be switched off on a per-mount basis.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Due to the above changes, managed mounts have been removed.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Incoming DOS paths are always handled case-insensitive and get no POSIX
+permission, as if they are mounted with noacl,posix=0 mount flags.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+unlink(2) and rmdir(2) try very hard to remove files/directories even if
+they are currently accessed or locked.  This is done by utilizing the
+hidden recycle bin directories and marking the files for deletion.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+rename(2) rewritten to be more POSIX conformant.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+access(2) now performs checks using the real user ID, as required by
+POSIX; the old behavior of querying based on effective user ID is
+available through the new faccessat(2) and euidaccess(2) APIs.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add st_birthtim member to struct stat.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+File locking is now advisory, not mandatory anymore.  The fcntl(2) and
+the new lockf(2) APIs create and maintain locks with POSIX semantics,
+the flock(2) API creates and maintains locks with BSD semantics.  POSIX
+and BSD locks are independent of each other.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Implement atomic O_APPEND mode.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New open(2) flags O_DIRECTORY, O_EXEC and O_SEARCH.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Make the "plain file with SYSTEM attribute set" style symlink default
+again when creating symlinks.  Only create Windows shortcut style
+symlinks if CYGWIN=winsymlinks is set in the environment.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Symlinks now use UTF-16 encoding for the target filename for better
+internationalization support.  Cygwin 1.7 can read all old style
+symlinks, but the new style is not compatible with older Cygwin
+releases.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Handle NTFS native symlinks available since Vista/2008 as symlinks (but
+don't create Vista/2008 symlinks due to unfortunate OS restrictions).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Recognize NFS shares and handle them using native mechanisms.  Recognize
+and create real symlinks on NFS shares.  Get correct stat(2) information
+and set real mode bits on open(2), mkdir(2) and chmod(2).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Recognize MVFS and workaround problems manipulating metadata and handling
+DOS attributes.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Recognize Netapp DataOnTap drives and fix inode number handling.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Recognize Samba version beginning with Samba 3.0.28a using the new
+extended version information negotiated with the Samba developers.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Stop faking hardlinks by copying the file on filesystems which don't
+support hardlinks natively (FAT, FAT32, etc.).  Just return an error
+instead, just like Linux.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+List servers of all accessible domains and workgroups in // instead of
+just the servers in the own domain/workgroup.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support Linux-like extended attributes ([fl]getxattr, [fl]listxattr,
+[fl]setxattr, [fl]removexattr).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New file conversion API for conversion from Win32 to POSIX path and vice
+versa (cygwin_conv_path, cygwin_create_path, cygwin_conv_path_list).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New openat family of functions: openat, faccessat, fchmodat, fchownat,
+fstatat, futimesat, linkat, mkdirat, mkfifoat, mknodat, readlinkat,
+renameat, symlinkat, unlinkat.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Other new APIs: posix_fadvise, posix_fallocate, funopen, fopencookie,
+open_memstream, open_wmemstream, fmemopen, fdopendir, fpurge, mkstemps,
+eaccess, euidaccess, canonicalize_file_name, fexecve, execvpe.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-net"><title>Network related changes</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+New implementation for blocking sockets and select on sockets which is
+supposed to allow POSIX-compatible sharing of sockets between threads
+and processes.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+send/sendto/sendmsg now send data in 64K chunks to circumvent an
+internal buffer problem in WinSock (KB 201213).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New send/recv option MSG_DONTWAIT.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+IPv6 support.  New APIs getaddrinfo, getnameinfo, freeaddrinfo,
+gai_strerror, in6addr_any, in6addr_loopback.  On IPv6-less systems,
+replacement functions are available for IPv4.  On systems with IPv6
+enabled, the underlying WinSock functions are used.  While I tried hard
+to get the functionality as POSIXy as possible, keep in mind that a
+*fully* conformant implementation of getaddrinfo and other stuff is only
+available starting with Windows Vista/2008.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Resolver functions (res_init, res_query, res_search, res_querydomain,
+res_mkquery, res_send, dn_comp, dn_expand) are now part of Cygwin.
+Applications don't have to link against minires anymore.  Actually, this
+*is* the former libminires.a.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+rcmd is now implemented inside of Cygwin, instead of calling the WinSock
+function.  This allows rsh(1) usage on Vista/2008 and later, which
+dropped this function from WinSock.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Define multicast structures in netinet/in.h.  Note that fully conformant
+multicast support is only available beginning with Vista/2008.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Improve get_ifconf.  Redefine struct ifreq and subsequent datastructures
+to be able to keep more information.  Support SIOCGIFINDEX,
+SIOCGIFDSTADDR and the Cygwin specific SIOCGIFFRNDLYNAM.  Support real
+interface flags on systems supporting them.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Other new APIs: bindresvport, bindresvport_sa, gethostbyname2,
+iruserok_sa, rcmd_af, rresvport_af.  getifaddrs, freeifaddrs,
+if_nametoindex, if_indextoname, if_nameindex, if_freenameindex.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add /proc/net/if_inet6.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-device"><title>Device related changes</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Reworked pipe implementation which uses overlapped IO to create more
+reliable interruptible pipes and fifos.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN environment variable option "binmode" has been removed.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Improved fifo handling by using native Windows named pipes.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Detect when a stdin/stdout which looks like a pipe is really a tty.
+Among other things, this allows a debugged application to recognize that
+it is using the same tty as the debugger.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support UTF-8 in console window.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+In the console window the backspace key now emits DEL (0x7f) instead of
+BS (0x08), Alt-Backspace emits ESC-DEL (0x1b,0x7f) instead of DEL
+(0x7f), same as the Linux console and xterm.  Control-Space now emits an
+ASCII NUL (0x0) character.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support up to 64 serial interfaces using /dev/ttyS0 - /dev/ttyS63.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support up to 128 raw disk drives /dev/sda - /dev/sddx.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New API: cfmakeraw, get_avphys_pages, get_nprocs, get_nprocs_conf,
+get_phys_pages, posix_openpt.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-posix"><title>Other POSIX related changes</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+A lot of character sets are supported now via a call to setlocale().
+The setting of the environment variables $LANG, $LC_ALL or $LC_CTYPE
+will be used.  For instance, setting $LANG to "de_DE.ISO-8859-15" before
+starting a Cygwin session will use the ISO-8859-15 character set in the
+entire session.  The default locale in the absence of one of the
+aforementioned environment variables is "C.UTF-8".
+</para>
+
+<para>
+The full list of supported character sets: "ASCII", "ISO-8859-x" with x
+in 1-16, except 12, "UTF-8", Windows codepages "CPxxx", with xxx in
+(437, 720, 737, 775, 850, 852, 855, 857, 858, 862, 866, 874, 1125, 1250,
+1251, 1252, 1253, 1254, 1255, 1256, 1257, 1258), "KOI8-R", "KOI8-U",
+"SJIS", "GBK", "eucJP", "eucKR", and "Big5".
+</para>
+
+</listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Allow multiple concurrent read locks per thread for pthread_rwlock_t.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Implement pthread_kill(thread, 0) as per POSIX.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New API for POSIX IPC: Named semaphores: sem_open, sem_close,
+sem_unlink.  Message queues: mq_open, mq_getattr, mq_setattr, mq_notify,
+mq_send, mq_timedsend, mq_receive, mq_timedreceive, mq_close, mq_unlink.
+Shared memory: shm_open, shm_unlink.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Only declare expected functions in &lt;strings.h&gt;, don't include
+&lt;string.h&gt; from here.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Support for WCONTINUED, WIFCONTINUED() added to waitpid and wait4.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New APIs: _Exit, confstr, insque, remque, sys_sigabbrev, posix_madvise,
+posix_memalign, reallocf, exp10, exp10f, pow10, pow10f, lrint, lrintf,
+rint, rintf, llrint, llrintf, llrintl, lrintl, rintl, mbsnrtowcs,
+strcasestr, stpcpy, stpncpy, wcpcpy, wcpncpy, wcsnlen, wcsnrtombs,
+wcsftime, wcstod, wcstof, wcstoimax, wcstok, wcstol, wcstoll, wcstoul,
+wcstoull, wcstoumax, wcsxfrm, wcscasecmp, wcsncasecmp, fgetwc, fgetws,
+fputwc, fputws, fwide, getwc, getwchar, putwc, putwchar, ungetwc,
+asnprintf, dprintf, vasnprintf, vdprintf, wprintf, fwprintf, swprintf,
+vwprintf, vfwprintf, vswprintf, wscanf, fwscanf, swscanf, vwscanf,
+vfwscanf, vswscanf.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-sec"><title>Security related changes</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+Getting a domain user's groups is hopefully more bulletproof now.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Cygwin now comes with a real LSA authentication package.  This must be
+manually installed by a privileged user using the /bin/cyglsa-config
+script.  The advantages and disadvantages are noted in
+http://cygwin.com/ml/cygwin-developers/2006-11/msg00000.html
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Cygwin now allows storage and use of user passwords in a hidden area of
+the registry.  This is tried first when Cygwin is called by privileged
+processes to switch the user context.  This allows, for instance, ssh
+public key sessions with full network credentials to access shares on
+other machines.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New options have been added to the mkpasswd and mkgroup tools to ease
+use in multi-machine and multi-domain environments.  The existing
+options have a slightly changed behaviour.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-misc"><title>Miscellaneous</title>
+
+<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
+
+<listitem><para>
+New ldd utility, similar to Linux.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+New link libraries libdl.a, libresolv.a, librt.a.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Fallout from the long path names: If the current working directory is
+longer than 260 bytes, or if the current working directory is a virtual
+path (like /proc, /cygdrive, //server), don't call native Win32 programs
+since they don't understand these paths.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+On the first usage of a DOS path (C:\foo, \\foo\bar), the Cygwin DLL
+emits a scary warning that DOS paths shouldn't be used.  This warning
+may be disabled via the new CYGWIN=nodosfilewarning setting.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+The CYGWIN environment variable option "server" has been removed.
+Cygwin automatically uses cygserver if it's available.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Allow environment of arbitrary size instead of a maximum of 32K.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Don't force uppercase environment when started from a non-Cygwin
+process.  Except for certain Windows and POSIX variables which are
+always uppercased, preserve environment case.  Switch back to old
+behaviour with the new CYGWIN=upcaseenv setting.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Detect and report a missing DLL on process startup.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add /proc/registry32 and /proc/registry64 paths to access 32 bit and 64
+bit registry on 64 bit systems.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add the ability to distinguish registry keys and registry values with
+the same name in the same registry subtree.  The key is called "foo" and
+the value will be called "foo%val" in this case.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Align /proc/cpuinfo more closly to Linux content.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Add /proc/$PID/mounts entries and a symlink /proc/mounts pointing to
+/proc/self/mounts as on Linux.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Optimized strstr and memmem implementation.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Remove backwards compatibility with old signal masks.  (Some *very* old
+programs which use signal masks may no longer work correctly).
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Cygwin now exports wrapper functions for libstdc++ operators new and
+delete, to support the toolchain in implementing full C++ standards
+conformance when working with shared libraries.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Different Cygwin installations in different paths can be run in parallel
+without knowing of each other.  The path of the Cygwin DLL used in a
+process is a key used when creating IPC objects.  So different Cygwin
+DLLs are running in different namespaces.
+</para></listitem>
+
+<listitem><para>
+Each Cygwin DLL stores its path and installation key in the registry.
+This allows troubleshooting of problems which could be a result of
+having multiple concurrent Cygwin installations.
+</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+</sect1>