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Diffstat (limited to 'manual')
| -rw-r--r-- | manual/maint.texi | 261 |
1 files changed, 154 insertions, 107 deletions
diff --git a/manual/maint.texi b/manual/maint.texi index c3e3ee2..323ba30 100644 --- a/manual/maint.texi +++ b/manual/maint.texi @@ -23,16 +23,21 @@ @appendixsec How to Install the GNU C Library @cindex installing the library -Installation of the GNU C library is relatively simple. +Installation of the GNU C library is relatively simple, but usually +requires several GNU tools to be installed already. +@iftex +(@pxref{Tools for Installation}, below.) +@end iftex -You need the latest version of GNU @code{make}. Modifying the GNU C -Library to work with other @code{make} programs would be so hard that we -recommend you port GNU @code{make} instead. @strong{Really.}@refill +@menu +* Tools for Installation:: We recommend using these tools to build. +* Supported Configurations:: What systems the GNU C library runs on. +@end menu To configure the GNU C library for your system, run the shell script @file{configure} with @code{sh}. Use an argument which is the conventional GNU name for your system configuration---for example, -@samp{sparc-sun-sunos4.1}, for a Sun 4 running Sunos 4.1. +@samp{sparc-sun-sunos4.1}, for a Sun 4 running SunOS 4.1. @xref{Installation, Installation, Installing GNU CC, gcc.info, Using and Porting GNU CC}, for a full description of standard GNU configuration names. If you omit the configuration name, @file{configure} will try to @@ -41,50 +46,6 @@ may not be able to come up with a guess, and the its guess might be wrong. @file{configure} will tell you the canonical name of the chosen configuration before proceeding. -The GNU C Library currently supports configurations that match the -following patterns: - -@smallexample -alpha-dec-osf1 -i386-@var{anything}-bsd4.3 -i386-@var{anything}-gnu -i386-@var{anything}-isc2.2 -i386-@var{anything}-isc3.@var{n} -i386-@var{anything}-sco3.2 -i386-@var{anything}-sco3.2v4 -i386-@var{anything}-sysv -i386-@var{anything}-sysv4 -i386-force_cpu386-none -i386-sequent-bsd -i960-nindy960-none -m68k-hp-bsd4.3 -m68k-mvme135-none -m68k-mvme136-none -m68k-sony-newsos3 -m68k-sony-newsos4 -m68k-sun-sunos4.@var{n} -mips-dec-ultrix4.@var{n} -mips-sgi-irix4.@var{n} -sparc-sun-solaris2.@var{n} -sparc-sun-sunos4.@var{n} -@end smallexample - -While no other configurations are supported, there are handy aliases for -these few. (These aliases work in other GNU software as well.) - -@smallexample -decstation -hp320-bsd4.3 hp300bsd -i386-sco -i386-sco3.2v4 -i386-sequent-dynix -i386-svr4 -news -sun3-sunos4.@var{n} sun3 -sun4-solaris2.@var{n} sun4-sunos5.@var{n} -sun4-sunos4.@var{n} sun4 -@end smallexample - Here are some options that you should specify (if appropriate) when you run @code{configure}: @@ -101,10 +62,16 @@ Use this option if you plan to use the GNU assembler, @code{gas}, when building the GNU C Library. On some systems, the library may not build properly if you do @emph{not} use @code{gas}. +@item --with-gnu-binutils +This option implies both @w{@samp{--with-gnu-ld}} and @w{@samp{--with-gnu-as}}. +On systems where GNU tools are the system tools, there is no need to +specify this option. These include GNU, GNU/Linux, and free BSD systems. + @c extra blank line makes it look better -@item --nfp +@item --without-fp +@itemx --nfp -Use this option if your computer lacks hardware floating point support. +Use this option if your computer lacks hardware floating-point support. @item --prefix=@var{directory} Install machine-independent data files in subdirectories of @@ -115,6 +82,29 @@ see below.) Install the library and other machine-dependent files in subdirectories of @file{@var{directory}}. (You can also set this in @file{configparms}; see below.) + +@item --enable-shared +@itemx --disable-shared +Enable or disable building of an ELF shared library on systems that +support it. The default is to build the shared library on systems using +ELF when the GNU @code{binutils} are available. + +@item --enable-profile +@itemx --disable-profile +Enable or disable building of the profiled C library, @samp{-lc_p}. The +default is to build the profiled library. You may wish to disable it if +you don't plan to do profiling, because it doubles the build time of +compiling just the unprofiled static library. + +@item --enable-omitfp +Enable building a highly-optimized but possibly undebuggable static C +library. This causes the normal static and shared (if enabled) C +libraries to be compiled with maximal optimization, including the +@samp{-fomit-frame-pointer} switch that makes debugging impossible on +many machines, and without debugging information (which makes the +binaries substantially smaller). An additional static library is +compiled with no optimization and full debugging information, and +installed as @samp{-lc_g}. @end table The simplest way to run @code{configure} is to do it in the directory @@ -140,7 +130,7 @@ the proper results. This feature lets you keep sources and binaries in different directories, and that makes it easy to build the library for several -different machines from the same set of sources. Simply create a +different machines from the same set of sources. Simply create a build directory for each target machine, and run @code{configure} in that directory specifying the target machine's configuration name. @@ -174,58 +164,113 @@ Some of the machine-dependent code for some machines uses extensions in the GNU C compiler, so you may need to compile the library with GCC. (In fact, all of the existing complete ports require GCC.) -The current release of the C library contains some header files that the -compiler normally provides: @file{stddef.h}, @file{stdarg.h}, and -several files with names of the form @file{va-@var{machine}.h}. The -versions of these files that came with older releases of GCC do not work -properly with the GNU C library. The @file{stddef.h} file in release -2.2 and later of GCC is correct. If you have release 2.2 or later of -GCC, use its version of @file{stddef.h} instead of the C library's. To -do this, put the line @w{@samp{override stddef.h =}} in -@file{configparms}. The other files are corrected in release 2.3 and -later of GCC. @file{configure} will automatically detect whether the -installed @file{stdarg.h} and @file{va-@var{machine}.h} files are -compatible with the C library, and use its own if not. - -There is a potential problem with the @code{size_t} type and versions of -GCC prior to release 2.4. ANSI C requires that @code{size_t} always be -an unsigned type. For compatibility with existing systems' header -files, GCC defines @code{size_t} in @file{stddef.h} to be whatever type -the system's @file{sys/types.h} defines it to be. Most Unix systems -that define @code{size_t} in @file{sys/types.h}, define it to be a -signed type. Some code in the library depends on @code{size_t} being an -unsigned type, and will not work correctly if it is signed. - -The GNU C library code which expects @code{size_t} to be unsigned is -correct. The definition of @code{size_t} as a signed type is incorrect. -Versions 2.4 and later of GCC always define @code{size_t} as an unsigned -type, and GCC's @file{fixincludes} script massages the system's -@file{sys/types.h} so as not to conflict with this. - -In the meantime, we work around this problem by telling GCC explicitly -to use an unsigned type for @code{size_t} when compiling the GNU C -library. @file{configure} will automatically detect what type GCC uses -for @code{size_t} arrange to override it if necessary. - -To build the library, type @code{make lib}. This will produce a lot of -output, some of which looks like errors from @code{make} (but isn't). -Look for error messages from @code{make} containing @samp{***}. Those -indicate that something is really wrong. + +To build the library and related programs, type @code{make}. This will +produce a lot of output, some of which may look like errors from +@code{make} (but isn't). Look for error messages from @code{make} +containing @samp{***}. Those indicate that something is really wrong. To build and run some test programs which exercise some of the library -facilities, type @code{make tests}. This will produce several files +facilities, type @code{make check}. This will produce several files with names like @file{@var{program}.out}. To format the @cite{GNU C Library Reference Manual} for printing, type -@w{@code{make dvi}}. To format the Info version of the manual for on -line reading with @kbd{C-h i} in Emacs or with the @code{info} program, -type @w{@code{make info}}. +@w{@code{make dvi}}. To install the library and its header files, and the Info files of the -manual, type @code{make install}, after setting the installation -directories in @file{configparms}. This will build things if necessary, +manual, type @code{make install}. This will build things if necessary, before installing them.@refill +@node Tools for Installation +@appendixsubsec Recommended Tools to Install the GNU C Library +@cindex installation tools +@cindex tools, for installing library + +We recommend installing the following GNU tools before attempting to +build the GNU C library: + +@itemize @bullet +@item +@code{make} 3.75 + +You need the latest version of GNU @code{make}. Modifying the GNU C +Library to work with other @code{make} programs would be so hard that we +recommend you port GNU @code{make} instead. @strong{Really.} +We recommend version GNU @code{make} version 3.75 or later. + +@item +GCC 2.7.2 + +On most platforms, the GNU C library can only be compiled with the GNU C +compiler. We recommend GCC version 2.7.2 or later; earlier versions may +have problems. + +@item +@code{binutils} 2.6 + +Using the GNU @code{binutils} (assembler, linker, and related tools) is +preferable when possible, and they are required to build an ELF shared C +library. We recommend @code{binutils} version 2.6 or later; earlier +versions are known to have problems. +@end itemize + +@node Supported Configurations +@appendixsubsec Supported Configurations +@cindex configurations, all supported + +The GNU C Library currently supports configurations that match the +following patterns: + +@smallexample +alpha-dec-osf1 +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-bsd4.3 +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-gnu +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-isc2.2 +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-isc3.@var{n} +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-linux +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-sco3.2 +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-sco3.2v4 +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-sysv +i@var{x}86-@var{anything}-sysv4 +i@var{x}86-force_cpu386-none +i@var{x}86-sequent-bsd +i960-nindy960-none +m68k-hp-bsd4.3 +m68k-mvme135-none +m68k-mvme136-none +m68k-sony-newsos3 +m68k-sony-newsos4 +m68k-sun-sunos4.@var{n} +mips-dec-ultrix4.@var{n} +mips-sgi-irix4.@var{n} +sparc-sun-solaris2.@var{n} +sparc-sun-sunos4.@var{n} +@end smallexample + +Each case of @samp{i@var{x}86} can be @samp{i386}, @samp{i486}, or +@samp{i586}. All of those configurations produce a library that can run +on any of these processors. The library will be optimized for the +specified processor, but will not use instructions not available on all +of them. + +While no other configurations are supported, there are handy aliases for +these few. (These aliases work in other GNU software as well.) + +@smallexample +decstation +hp320-bsd4.3 hp300bsd +i486-gnu +i586-linux +i386-sco +i386-sco3.2v4 +i386-sequent-dynix +i386-svr4 +news +sun3-sunos4.@var{n} sun3 +sun4-solaris2.@var{n} sun4-sunos5.@var{n} +sun4-sunos4.@var{n} sun4 +@end smallexample + @node Reporting Bugs @appendixsec Reporting Bugs @cindex reporting bugs @@ -723,9 +768,8 @@ to your program in order to get it to compile. @node Contributors @appendixsec Contributors to the GNU C Library -The GNU C library was written almost entirely by Roland McGrath, who now -maintains it. Some parts of the library were contributed or worked on -by other people. +The GNU C library was written originally by Roland McGrath. Some parts +of the library were contributed or worked on by other people. @itemize @bullet @item @@ -804,11 +848,12 @@ multi-precision integer functions used in those functions are taken from GNU MP, which was contributed by @value{tege}. @item -The internationalization support in the library (@file{locale.h}, -@file{langinfo.h}, etc.) was written by Ulrich Drepper and Roland -McGrath. Ulrich Drepper adapted the support code for message catalogs +The internationalization support in the library, and the support programs +@code{locale} and @code{localedef}, were written by Ulrich Drepper. +Ulrich Drepper adapted the support code for message catalogs (@file{libintl.h}, etc.) from the GNU @code{gettext} package, which he -also wrote. +also wrote. He also contributed the entire suite of multi-byte and +wide-character support functions (@file{wctype.h}, @file{wchar.h}, etc.). @item The port to Linux i386/ELF (@code{i386-@var{anything}-linux}) was @@ -816,6 +861,10 @@ contributed by Ulrich Drepper, based in large part on work done in Hongjiu Lu's Linux version of the GNU C Library. @item +The port to Linux/m68k (@code{m68k-@var{anything}-linux}) was +contributed by Andreas Schwab. + +@item Stephen R. van den Berg contributed a highly-optimized @code{strstr} function. @item @@ -825,11 +874,9 @@ families of functions; reentrant @samp{@dots{}@code{_r}} versions of the several highly-optimized string functions for i@var{x}86 processors. @item -Most of the math functions are taken from 4.4 BSD; they have been -modified only slightly to work with the GNU C library. The -Internet-related code (most of the @file{inet} subdirectory) and several -other miscellaneous functions and header files have been included with -little or no modification. +The Internet-related code (most of the @file{inet} subdirectory) and +several other miscellaneous functions and header files have been +included from 4.4 BSD with little or no modification. All code incorporated from 4.4 BSD is under the following copyright: |