Remove cached PID/TID in clone

This patch remove the PID cache and usage in current GLIBC code.  Current
usage is mainly used a performance optimization to avoid the syscall,
however it adds some issues:

  - The exposed clone syscall will try to set pid/tid to make the new
    thread somewhat compatible with current GLIBC assumptions.  This cause
    a set of issue with new workloads and usecases (such as BZ#17214 and
    [1]) as well for new internal usage of clone to optimize other algorithms
    (such as clone plus CLONE_VM for posix_spawn, BZ#19957).

  - The caching complexity also added some bugs in the past [2] [3] and
    requires more effort of each port to handle such requirements (for
    both clone and vfork implementation).

  - Caching performance gain in mainly on getpid and some specific
    code paths.  The getpid performance leverage is questionable [4],
    either by the idea of getpid being a hotspot as for the getpid
    implementation itself (if it is indeed a justifiable hotspot a
    vDSO symbol could let to a much more simpler solution).

    Other usage is mainly for non usual code paths, such as pthread
    cancellation signal and handling.

For thread creation (on stack allocation) the code simplification in fact
adds some performance gain due the no need of transverse the stack cache
and invalidate each element pid.

Other thread usages will require a direct getpid syscall, such as
cancellation/setxid signal, thread cancellation, thread fail path (at
create_thread), and thread signal (pthread_kill and pthread_sigqueue).
However these are hardly usual hotspots and I think adding a syscall is
justifiable.

It also simplifies both the clone and vfork arch-specific implementation.
And by review each fork implementation there are some discrepancies that
this patch also solves:

  - microblaze clone/vfork does not set/reset the pid/tid field
  - hppa uses the default vfork implementation that fallback to fork.
    Since vfork is deprecated I do not think we should bother with it.

The patch also removes the TID caching in clone. My understanding for
such semantic is try provide some pthread usage after a user program
issue clone directly (as done by thread creation with CLONE_PARENT_SETTID
and pthread tid member).  However, as stated before in multiple discussions
threads, GLIBC provides clone syscalls without further supporting all this
semantics.

I ran a full make check on x86_64, x32, i686, armhf, aarch64, and powerpc64le.
For sparc32, sparc64, and mips I ran the basic fork and vfork tests from
posix/ folder (on a qemu system).  So it would require further testing
on alpha, hppa, ia64, m68k, nios2, s390, sh, and tile (I excluded microblaze
because it is already implementing the patch semantic regarding clone/vfork).

[1] https://codereview.chromium.org/800183004/
[2] https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2006-07/msg00123.html
[3] https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15368
[4] http://yarchive.net/comp/linux/getpid_caching.html

	* sysdeps/nptl/fork.c (__libc_fork): Remove pid cache setting.
	* nptl/allocatestack.c (allocate_stack): Likewise.
	(__reclaim_stacks): Likewise.
	(setxid_signal_thread): Obtain pid through syscall.
	* nptl/nptl-init.c (sigcancel_handler): Likewise.
	(sighandle_setxid): Likewise.
	* nptl/pthread_cancel.c (pthread_cancel): Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/pthread_kill.c (__pthread_kill): Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/pthread_sigqueue.c (pthread_sigqueue):
	Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/createthread.c (create_thread): Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/getpid.c: Remove file.
	* nptl/descr.h (struct pthread): Change comment about pid value.
	* nptl/pthread_getattr_np.c (pthread_getattr_np): Remove thread
	pid assert.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/pthread-pids.h (__pthread_initialize_pids):
	Do not set pid value.
	* nptl_db/td_ta_thr_iter.c (iterate_thread_list): Remove thread
	pid cache check.
	* nptl_db/td_thr_validate.c (td_thr_validate): Likewise.
	* sysdeps/aarch64/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Remove pid offset.
	* sysdeps/alpha/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/arm/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/hppa/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/i386/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/ia64/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/m68k/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/microblaze/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/mips/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/nios2/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/powerpc/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/s390/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/sh/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/sparc/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/tile/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/x86_64/nptl/tcb-offsets.sym: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/clone.S: Remove pid and tid caching.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/alpha/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/arm/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/hppa/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/ia64/clone2.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/mips/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/nios2/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/powerpc/powerpc32/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/powerpc/powerpc64/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/s390/s390-32/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/s390/s390-64/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sh/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc32/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc64/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/tile/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/aarch64/vfork.S: Remove pid set and reset.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/alpha/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/arm/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/ia64/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/m68k/clone.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/m68k/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/mips/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/nios2/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/powerpc/powerpc32/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/powerpc/powerpc64/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/s390/s390-32/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/s390/s390-64/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sh/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc32/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sparc/sparc64/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/tile/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/vfork.S: Likewise.
	* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/tst-clone2.c (f): Remove direct pthread
	struct access.
	(clone_test): Remove function.
	(do_test): Rewrite to take in consideration pid is not cached anymore.

5 files changed, 11 insertions, 47 deletions

diff --git a/nptl/allocatestack.c b/nptl/allocatestack.c
index 3016a2e..98a0ea2 100644
--- a/nptl/allocatestack.c
+++ b/nptl/allocatestack.c
@@ -438,9 +438,6 @@ allocate_stack (const struct pthread_attr *attr, struct pthread **pdp,
       SETUP_THREAD_SYSINFO (pd);
 #endif
 
-      /* The process ID is also the same as that of the caller.  */
-      pd->pid = THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, pid);
-
       /* Don't allow setxid until cloned.  */
       pd->setxid_futex = -1;
 
@@ -577,9 +574,6 @@ allocate_stack (const struct pthread_attr *attr, struct pthread **pdp,
 	  /* Don't allow setxid until cloned.  */
 	  pd->setxid_futex = -1;
 
-	  /* The process ID is also the same as that of the caller.  */
-	  pd->pid = THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, pid);
-
 	  /* Allocate the DTV for this thread.  */
 	  if (_dl_allocate_tls (TLS_TPADJ (pd)) == NULL)
 	    {
@@ -873,9 +867,6 @@ __reclaim_stacks (void)
 	  /* This marks the stack as free.  */
 	  curp->tid = 0;
 
-	  /* The PID field must be initialized for the new process.  */
-	  curp->pid = self->pid;
-
 	  /* Account for the size of the stack.  */
 	  stack_cache_actsize += curp->stackblock_size;
 
@@ -901,13 +892,6 @@ __reclaim_stacks (void)
 	}
     }
 
-  /* Reset the PIDs in any cached stacks.  */
-  list_for_each (runp, &stack_cache)
-    {
-      struct pthread *curp = list_entry (runp, struct pthread, list);
-      curp->pid = self->pid;
-    }
-
   /* Add the stack of all running threads to the cache.  */
   list_splice (&stack_used, &stack_cache);
 
@@ -1052,9 +1036,9 @@ setxid_signal_thread (struct xid_command *cmdp, struct pthread *t)
     return 0;
 
   int val;
+  pid_t pid = __getpid ();
   INTERNAL_SYSCALL_DECL (err);
-  val = INTERNAL_SYSCALL (tgkill, err, 3, THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, pid),
-			  t->tid, SIGSETXID);
+  val = INTERNAL_SYSCALL_CALL (tgkill, err, pid, t->tid, SIGSETXID);
 
   /* If this failed, it must have had not started yet or else exited.  */
   if (!INTERNAL_SYSCALL_ERROR_P (val, err))
diff --git a/nptl/descr.h b/nptl/descr.h
index 8e4938d..bc92abf 100644
--- a/nptl/descr.h
+++ b/nptl/descr.h
@@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ struct pthread
      therefore stack) used' flag.  */
   pid_t tid;
 
-  /* Process ID - thread group ID in kernel speak.  */
-  pid_t pid;
+  /* Ununsed.  */
+  pid_t pid_ununsed;
 
   /* List of robust mutexes the thread is holding.  */
 #ifdef __PTHREAD_MUTEX_HAVE_PREV
diff --git a/nptl/nptl-init.c b/nptl/nptl-init.c
index bdbdfed..48fab50 100644
--- a/nptl/nptl-init.c
+++ b/nptl/nptl-init.c
@@ -184,18 +184,12 @@ __nptl_set_robust (struct pthread *self)
 static void
 sigcancel_handler (int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *ctx)
 {
-  /* Determine the process ID.  It might be negative if the thread is
-     in the middle of a fork() call.  */
-  pid_t pid = THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, pid);
-  if (__glibc_unlikely (pid < 0))
-    pid = -pid;
-
   /* Safety check.  It would be possible to call this function for
      other signals and send a signal from another process.  This is not
      correct and might even be a security problem.  Try to catch as
      many incorrect invocations as possible.  */
   if (sig != SIGCANCEL
-      || si->si_pid != pid
+      || si->si_pid != __getpid()
       || si->si_code != SI_TKILL)
     return;
 
@@ -243,19 +237,14 @@ struct xid_command *__xidcmd attribute_hidden;
 static void
 sighandler_setxid (int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *ctx)
 {
-  /* Determine the process ID.  It might be negative if the thread is
-     in the middle of a fork() call.  */
-  pid_t pid = THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, pid);
   int result;
-  if (__glibc_unlikely (pid < 0))
-    pid = -pid;
 
   /* Safety check.  It would be possible to call this function for
      other signals and send a signal from another process.  This is not
      correct and might even be a security problem.  Try to catch as
      many incorrect invocations as possible.  */
   if (sig != SIGSETXID
-      || si->si_pid != pid
+      || si->si_pid != __getpid ()
       || si->si_code != SI_TKILL)
     return;
 
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_cancel.c b/nptl/pthread_cancel.c
index 1419baf..89d02e1 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_cancel.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_cancel.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "pthreadP.h"
 #include <atomic.h>
 #include <sysdep.h>
-
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 int
 pthread_cancel (pthread_t th)
@@ -66,19 +66,11 @@ pthread_cancel (pthread_t th)
 #ifdef SIGCANCEL
 	  /* The cancellation handler will take care of marking the
 	     thread as canceled.  */
-	  INTERNAL_SYSCALL_DECL (err);
-
-	  /* One comment: The PID field in the TCB can temporarily be
-	     changed (in fork).  But this must not affect this code
-	     here.  Since this function would have to be called while
-	     the thread is executing fork, it would have to happen in
-	     a signal handler.  But this is no allowed, pthread_cancel
-	     is not guaranteed to be async-safe.  */
-	  int val;
-	  val = INTERNAL_SYSCALL (tgkill, err, 3,
-				  THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, pid), pd->tid,
-				  SIGCANCEL);
+	  pid_t pid = getpid ();
 
+	  INTERNAL_SYSCALL_DECL (err);
+	  int val = INTERNAL_SYSCALL_CALL (tgkill, err, pid, pd->tid,
+					   SIGCANCEL);
 	  if (INTERNAL_SYSCALL_ERROR_P (val, err))
 	    result = INTERNAL_SYSCALL_ERRNO (val, err);
 #else
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_getattr_np.c b/nptl/pthread_getattr_np.c
index fb906f0..32d7484 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_getattr_np.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_getattr_np.c
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ pthread_getattr_np (pthread_t thread_id, pthread_attr_t *attr)
     {
       /* No stack information available.  This must be for the initial
 	 thread.  Get the info in some magical way.  */
-      assert (abs (thread->pid) == thread->tid);
 
       /* Stack size limit.  */
       struct rlimit rl;