Avoid use of atoi in some places in libc

This patch is split out of
<https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2022-December/144122.html>.

atoi has undefined behavior on out-of-range input, which makes it
problematic to use anywhere in glibc that might be processing input
out-of-range for atoi but not specified to produce undefined behavior
for the function calling atoi.  Change some uses of atoi to call
strtol instead; this avoids the undefined behavior, though there is no
guarantee that the overflow handling of strtol is really right in
those places either.  This also serves to avoid localplt test failures
given an installed header redirection for strtol (which means that the
call from the inline atoi implementation doesn't end up at a hidden
alias from libc_hidden_proto).

Certainly, the use of atoi is questionable in argp-help.c (shared with
gnulib, so shouldn't depend on glibc implementation details, and
processing user-provided input), and maybe also in argp-parse.c (I'm
not sure what that code in argp-parse.c is meant to be used for).  I
also changed inet/rexec.c and resolv/res_init.c similarly to use
strtol to avoid such localplt failures, although given those files (in
those versions) are only used in glibc it's not problematic for them
to rely on the specific behavior of glibc's atoi on out-of-range input
(in the absence of compiler optimizations based on the undefined
behavior) in the same way it's problematic for gnulib code to do so.

There may be other uses of atoi (or atol or atoll), in any of glibc's
installed code, for which it would also be appropriate to avoid the
undefined behavior on out-of-range input; this patch only fixes the
specific cases needed to avoid localplt failures.

Tested for x86_64.

2 files changed, 4 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/argp/argp-help.c b/argp/argp-help.c
index 90a2795..f7f1134c 100644
--- a/argp/argp-help.c
+++ b/argp/argp-help.c
@@ -210,9 +210,9 @@ fill_in_uparams (const struct argp_state *state)
 	      }
 	    else if (isdigit ((unsigned char) *arg))
 	      {
-		val = atoi (arg);
-		while (isdigit ((unsigned char) *arg))
-		  arg++;
+		char *ep;
+		val = strtol (arg, &ep, 10);
+		arg = ep;
 		SKIPWS (arg);
 	      }
 
diff --git a/argp/argp-parse.c b/argp/argp-parse.c
index 68dc454..1533b43 100644
--- a/argp/argp-parse.c
+++ b/argp/argp-parse.c
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ argp_default_parser (int key, char *arg, struct argp_state *state)
       break;
 
     case OPT_HANG:
-      _argp_hang = atoi (arg ? arg : "3600");
+      _argp_hang = arg ? strtol (arg, NULL, 10) : 3600;
       while (_argp_hang-- > 0)
 	__sleep (1);
       break;