i386: Align branches within a fixed boundary

Add 3 command-line options to align branches within a fixed boundary
with segment prefixes or NOPs:

1. -malign-branch-boundary=NUM aligns branches within NUM byte boundary.
2. -malign-branch=TYPE[+TYPE...] specifies types of branches to align.
The supported branches are:
  a. Conditional jump.
  b. Fused conditional jump.
  c. Unconditional jump.
  d. Call.
  e. Ret.
  f. Indirect jump and call.
3. -malign-branch-prefix-size=NUM aligns branches with NUM segment
prefixes per instruction.

3 new rs_machine_dependent frag types are added:

1. BRANCH_PADDING.  The variable size frag to insert NOP before branch.
2. BRANCH_PREFIX.  The variable size frag to insert segment prefixes to
an instruction.  The choices of prefixes are:
   a. Use the existing segment prefix if there is one.
   b. Use CS segment prefix in 64-bit mode.
   c. In 32-bit mode, use SS segment prefix with ESP/EBP base register
   and use DS segment prefix without ESP/EBP base register.
3. FUSED_JCC_PADDING.  The variable size frag to insert NOP before fused
conditional jump.

The new rs_machine_dependent frags aren't inserted if the previous item
is a prefix or a constant directive, which may be used to hardcode an
instruction, since there is no clear instruction boundary.  Segment
prefixes and NOP padding are disabled before relaxable TLS relocations
and tls_get_addr calls to keep TLS instruction sequence unchanged.

md_estimate_size_before_relax() and i386_generic_table_relax_frag() are
used to handled BRANCH_PADDING, BRANCH_PREFIX and FUSED_JCC_PADDING frags.
i386_generic_table_relax_frag() grows or shrinks sizes of segment prefix
and NOP to align the next branch frag:

1. First try to add segment prefixes to instructions before a branch.
2. If there is no sufficient room to add segment prefixes, NOP will be
inserted before a branch.

	* config/tc-i386.c (_i386_insn): Add has_gotpc_tls_reloc.
	(tls_get_addr): New.
	(last_insn): New.
	(align_branch_power): New.
	(align_branch_kind): New.
	(align_branch_bit): New.
	(align_branch): New.
	(MAX_FUSED_JCC_PADDING_SIZE): New.
	(align_branch_prefix_size): New.
	(BRANCH_PADDING): New.
	(BRANCH_PREFIX): New.
	(FUSED_JCC_PADDING): New.
	(i386_generate_nops): Support BRANCH_PADDING and FUSED_JCC_PADDING.
	(md_begin): Abort if align_branch_prefix_size <
	MAX_FUSED_JCC_PADDING_SIZE.
	(md_assemble): Set last_insn.
	(maybe_fused_with_jcc_p): New.
	(add_fused_jcc_padding_frag_p): New.
	(add_branch_prefix_frag_p): New.
	(add_branch_padding_frag_p): New.
	(output_insn): Generate a BRANCH_PADDING, FUSED_JCC_PADDING or
	BRANCH_PREFIX frag and terminate each frag to align branches.
	(output_disp): Set i.has_gotpc_tls_reloc to TRUE for GOTPC and
	relaxable TLS relocations.
	(output_imm): Likewise.
	(i386_next_non_empty_frag): New.
	(i386_next_jcc_frag): New.
	(i386_classify_machine_dependent_frag): New.
	(i386_branch_padding_size): New.
	(i386_generic_table_relax_frag): New.
	(md_estimate_size_before_relax): Handle COND_JUMP_PADDING,
	FUSED_JCC_PADDING and COND_JUMP_PREFIX frags.
	(md_convert_frag): Handle BRANCH_PADDING, BRANCH_PREFIX and
	FUSED_JCC_PADDING frags.
	(OPTION_MALIGN_BRANCH_BOUNDARY): New.
	(OPTION_MALIGN_BRANCH_PREFIX_SIZE): New.
	(OPTION_MALIGN_BRANCH): New.
	(md_longopts): Add -malign-branch-boundary=,
	-malign-branch-prefix-size= and -malign-branch=.
	(md_parse_option): Handle -malign-branch-boundary=,
	-malign-branch-prefix-size= and -malign-branch=.
	(md_show_usage): Display -malign-branch-boundary=,
	-malign-branch-prefix-size= and -malign-branch=.
	(i386_target_format): Set tls_get_addr.
	(i386_cons_align): New.
	* config/tc-i386.h (i386_cons_align): New.
	(md_cons_align): New.
	(i386_generic_table_relax_frag): New.
	(md_generic_table_relax_frag): New.
	(i386_tc_frag_data): Add u, padding_address, length,
	max_prefix_length, prefix_length, default_prefix, cmp_size,
	classified and branch_type.
	(TC_FRAG_INIT): Initialize u, padding_address, length,
	max_prefix_length, prefix_length, default_prefix, cmp_size,
	classified and branch_type.
	* doc/c-i386.texi: Document -malign-branch-boundary=,
	-malign-branch= and -malign-branch-prefix-size=.

1 files changed, 60 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gas/ChangeLog b/gas/ChangeLog
index ef7369c..7b83a0a 100644
--- a/gas/ChangeLog
+++ b/gas/ChangeLog
@@ -1,5 +1,65 @@
 2019-12-12  H.J. Lu  <hongjiu.lu@intel.com>
 
+	* config/tc-i386.c (_i386_insn): Add has_gotpc_tls_reloc.
+	(tls_get_addr): New.
+	(last_insn): New.
+	(align_branch_power): New.
+	(align_branch_kind): New.
+	(align_branch_bit): New.
+	(align_branch): New.
+	(MAX_FUSED_JCC_PADDING_SIZE): New.
+	(align_branch_prefix_size): New.
+	(BRANCH_PADDING): New.
+	(BRANCH_PREFIX): New.
+	(FUSED_JCC_PADDING): New.
+	(i386_generate_nops): Support BRANCH_PADDING and FUSED_JCC_PADDING.
+	(md_begin): Abort if align_branch_prefix_size <
+	MAX_FUSED_JCC_PADDING_SIZE.
+	(md_assemble): Set last_insn.
+	(maybe_fused_with_jcc_p): New.
+	(add_fused_jcc_padding_frag_p): New.
+	(add_branch_prefix_frag_p): New.
+	(add_branch_padding_frag_p): New.
+	(output_insn): Generate a BRANCH_PADDING, FUSED_JCC_PADDING or
+	BRANCH_PREFIX frag and terminate each frag to align branches.
+	(output_disp): Set i.has_gotpc_tls_reloc to TRUE for GOTPC and
+	relaxable TLS relocations.
+	(output_imm): Likewise.
+	(i386_next_non_empty_frag): New.
+	(i386_next_jcc_frag): New.
+	(i386_classify_machine_dependent_frag): New.
+	(i386_branch_padding_size): New.
+	(i386_generic_table_relax_frag): New.
+	(md_estimate_size_before_relax): Handle COND_JUMP_PADDING,
+	FUSED_JCC_PADDING and COND_JUMP_PREFIX frags.
+	(md_convert_frag): Handle BRANCH_PADDING, BRANCH_PREFIX and
+	FUSED_JCC_PADDING frags.
+	(OPTION_MALIGN_BRANCH_BOUNDARY): New.
+	(OPTION_MALIGN_BRANCH_PREFIX_SIZE): New.
+	(OPTION_MALIGN_BRANCH): New.
+	(md_longopts): Add -malign-branch-boundary=,
+	-malign-branch-prefix-size= and -malign-branch=.
+	(md_parse_option): Handle -malign-branch-boundary=,
+	-malign-branch-prefix-size= and -malign-branch=.
+	(md_show_usage): Display -malign-branch-boundary=,
+	-malign-branch-prefix-size= and -malign-branch=.
+	(i386_target_format): Set tls_get_addr.
+	(i386_cons_align): New.
+	* config/tc-i386.h (i386_cons_align): New.
+	(md_cons_align): New.
+	(i386_generic_table_relax_frag): New.
+	(md_generic_table_relax_frag): New.
+	(i386_tc_frag_data): Add u, padding_address, length,
+	max_prefix_length, prefix_length, default_prefix, cmp_size,
+	classified and branch_type.
+	(TC_FRAG_INIT): Initialize u, padding_address, length,
+	max_prefix_length, prefix_length, default_prefix, cmp_size,
+	classified and branch_type.
+	* doc/c-i386.texi: Document -malign-branch-boundary=,
+	-malign-branch= and -malign-branch-prefix-size=.
+
+2019-12-12  H.J. Lu  <hongjiu.lu@intel.com>
+
 	* write.c (md_generic_table_relax_frag): New.  Defined to
 	relax_frag if not defined.
 	(relax_segment): Call md_generic_table_relax_frag instead of