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# std::deque::push_back

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | container‎ | deque

[edit template]

void push_back( const T& value ); | (1) |
void push_back( T&& value ); | (2) | (since C++11)

Appends the given element `value` to the end of the container.

1) The new element is initialized as a copy of `value`.
2) `value` is moved into the new element.

All iterators, including the past-the-end iterator, are invalidated. No references are invalidated.

### [edit] Parameters

value | - | the value of the element to append
Type requirements
- `T` must meet the requirements of `CopyInsertable` in order to use overload (1).
- `T` must meet the requirements of `MoveInsertable` in order to use overload (2).

### [edit] Return value

(none)

### [edit] Complexity

Constant.

### [edit] Exceptions

If an exception is thrown (which can be due to `Allocator::allocate()` or element copy/move constructor/assignment), this function has no effect (strong exception guarantee).

### [edit] Example

Run this code

    #include <deque>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <iomanip>

    int main()
    {
        std::deque<std::string> numbers;

        numbers.push_back("abc");
        std::string s = "def";
        numbers.push_back(std::move(s));

        std::cout << "deque holds: ";
        for (auto&& i : numbers) std::cout << std::quoted(i) << ' ';
        std::cout << "\nMoved-from string holds " << std::quoted(s) << '\n';
    }

Output:

    deque holds: "abc" "def"
    Moved-from string holds ""

### [edit] See also

emplace_back (C++11) | constructs an element in-place at the end (public member function) [edit]
push_front | inserts an element to the beginning (public member function) [edit]
pop_back | removes the last element (public member function) [edit]

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