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# std::set::emplace

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | container‎ | set

[edit template]

template< class... Args > std::pair<iterator,bool> emplace( Args&&... args ); |  | (since C++11)

Inserts a new element into the container constructed in-place with the given `args` if there is no element with the key in the container.

Careful use of `emplace` allows the new element to be constructed while avoiding unnecessary copy or move operations. The constructor of the new element is called with exactly the same arguments as supplied to `emplace`, forwarded via std::forward<Args>(args).... The element may be constructed even if there already is an element with the key in the container, in which case the newly constructed element will be destroyed immediately.

No iterators or references are invalidated.

### [edit] Parameters

args | - | arguments to forward to the constructor of the element

### [edit] Return value

Returns a pair consisting of an iterator to the inserted element, or the already-existing element if no insertion happened, and a bool denoting whether the insertion took place. True for Insertion, False for No Insertion.

### [edit] Exceptions

If an exception is thrown by any operation, this function has no effect.

### [edit] Complexity

Logarithmic in the size of the container.

### [edit] Example

Run this code

    #include <chrono>
    #include <functional>
    #include <iomanip>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <set>
    #include <string>

    class Dew
    {
      private:
        int a;
        int b;
        int c;

      public:
        Dew(int _a, int _b, int _c)
          : a(_a), b(_b), c(_c)
        {}

        bool operator<(const Dew &other) const
        {
          if (a < other.a)
            return true;
          if (a == other.a && b < other.b)
            return true;
          return (a == other.a && b == other.b && c < other.c);
        }
    };

    const int nof_operations = 120;

    int set_emplace() {
        std::set<Dew> set;
        for(int i = 0; i < nof_operations; ++i)
            for(int j = 0; j < nof_operations; ++j)
                for(int k = 0; k < nof_operations; ++k)
                  set.emplace(i, j, k);

        return set.size();
    }

    int set_insert() {
        std::set<Dew> set;
        for(int i = 0; i < nof_operations; ++i)
            for(int j = 0; j < nof_operations; ++j)
                for(int k = 0; k < nof_operations; ++k)
                  set.insert(Dew(i, j, k));

        return set.size();
    }

    void timeit(std::function<int()> set_test, std::string what = "") {
      auto start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
      int setsize = set_test();
      auto stop = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
      std::chrono::duration<double, std::milli> time = stop - start;
      if (what.size() > 0 && setsize > 0) {
        std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2)
            << time.count() << "  ms for " << what << '\n';
      }
    }

    int main()
    {
      set_insert();
      timeit(set_insert, "insert");
      timeit(set_emplace, "emplace");
      timeit(set_insert, "insert");
      timeit(set_emplace, "emplace");
    }

Possible output:

    638.45  ms for insert
    619.44  ms for emplace
    609.43  ms for insert
    652.55  ms for emplace

### [edit] See also

emplace_hint (C++11) | constructs elements in-place using a hint (public member function) [edit]
insert | inserts elements or nodes (since C++17) (public member function) [edit]

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