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# std::integer_sequence

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | utility

Defined in header `<utility>` |  |
template< class T, T... Ints > class integer_sequence; |  | (since C++14)

The class template `std::integer_sequence` represents a compile-time sequence of integers. When used as an argument to a function template, the parameter pack `Ints` can be deduced and used in pack expansion.

### [edit] Template parameters

T | - | an integer type to use for the elements of the sequence
...Ints | - | a non-type parameter pack representing the sequence

### [edit] Member types

Member type | Definition
`value_type` | `T`

### [edit] Member functions

size [static] | returns the number of elements in `Ints` (public static member function)

# std::integer_sequence::size

static constexpr std::size_t size(); |  |

Returns the number of elements in `Ints`. Equivalent to sizeof...(Ints)

### Parameters

(none)

### Return value

The number of elements in `Ints`.

### Exceptions

`noexcept` specification:
noexcept

### [edit] Helper types

A helper alias template with `T` equal to std::size_t is defined.

template<std::size_t... Ints> using index_sequence = std::integer_sequence<std::size_t, Ints...>; |  |

A helper alias templates are defined to simplify creation of `integer_sequence` and `index_sequence` types with 0, 1, 2, ..., `N-1` as `Ints`:

template<class T, T N> using make_integer_sequence = std::integer_sequence<T, /* a sequence 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1 */ >; |  |
template<std::size_t N> using make_index_sequence = make_integer_sequence<std::size_t, N>; |  |

The behavior is undefined if `N` is negative. If `N` is zero, the indicated type is `integer_sequence<T>`.

Another helper alias template `std::index_sequence_for` is defined to convert any type parameter pack into an index sequence of the same length

template<class... T> using index_sequence_for = std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(T)>; |  |

### [edit] Example

Run this code

    #include <tuple>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <array>
    #include <utility>

    // Convert array into to tuple
    template<typename Array, std::size_t... I>
    auto a2t_impl(const Array& a, std::index_sequence<I...>)
        -> decltype(std::make_tuple(a[I]...))
    {
        return std::make_tuple(a[I]...);
    }

    template<typename T, std::size_t N, typename Indices = std::make_index_sequence<N>>
    auto a2t(const std::array<T, N>& a)
        -> decltype(a2t_impl(a, Indices()))
    {
        return a2t_impl(a, Indices());
    }

    // pretty-print a tuple (from http://stackoverflow.com/a/6245777/273767 )

    template<class Ch, class Tr, class Tuple, std::size_t... Is>
    void print_tuple_impl(std::basic_ostream<Ch,Tr>& os,
                          const Tuple & t,
                          std::index_sequence<Is...>)
    {
        using swallow = int[];
        (void)swallow{0, (void(os << (Is == 0? "" : ", ") << std::get<Is>(t)), 0)...};
    }

    template<class Ch, class Tr, class... Args>
    auto operator<<(std::basic_ostream<Ch, Tr>& os, const std::tuple<Args...>& t)
       -> std::basic_ostream<Ch, Tr>&
    {
        os << "(";
        print_tuple_impl(os, t, std::index_sequence_for<Args...>{});
        return os << ")";
    }

    int main()
    {
        std::array<int, 4> array = {1,2,3,4};

        // convert an array into a tuple
        auto tuple = a2t(array);
        static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(tuple),
                                   std::tuple<int, int, int, int>>::value, "");

        // print it to cout
        std::cout << tuple << '\n';
    }

Output:

    (1, 2, 3, 4)

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